Faba bean,with its high protein yield and low nitrogen inputs,is a promising crop,but it suffers from low yield stability due to poor heat and drought adaptation.To improve yield performance,faba beans can be produced...Faba bean,with its high protein yield and low nitrogen inputs,is a promising crop,but it suffers from low yield stability due to poor heat and drought adaptation.To improve yield performance,faba beans can be produced as synthetic cultivars,where multiple lines are advanced through open pollination resulting in offsprings,which are a mixture of F_(1)-hybrids and self-pollinated offsprings.This leads to an enhanced performance due to per se performance of the components and heterotic effects of F_(1)-hybrids.While distinct genetic pools have shown high heterotic effects in hybrid breeding programs,they have not been systematically established in faba bean breeding.To promote establishment of heterotic pools,we employed a cost-effective chain-crossing scheme accompanied with only 58 genome-wide KASP-markers and generated diverse genetically distinct pools within one generation.However,artificial crossing methods in faba bean result in low crossing efficiency and seed set.To overcome this,we introduced bumblebee-assisted intercrossing in greenhouse chambers,achieving an increased seed set and further enhancing genetic distance between gene pools.Genotyping was conducted with an Illumina 10K SNP-chip,which enabled the identification of F_(1)×F_(1) double-cross combinations and F2 self-pollinated offsprings from open pollinated offsprings with a custom pipeline.In contrast to standard crossing and recombinant inbred line(RIL)production in faba bean,which results in small families with limited recombination,the chain-crossing scheme and within-pool open pollination allows us to rapidly generate large and diverse base populations for future breeding,genetic studies and with that to increase genetic gain in faba bean.展开更多
Water channels or aquaporins are the main pathways of water transport. Both the existence and function of aquaporins in die guard cells of Vicia faba L. were investigated both by using RD28 cDNA and RD28 antibody as p...Water channels or aquaporins are the main pathways of water transport. Both the existence and function of aquaporins in die guard cells of Vicia faba L. were investigated both by using RD28 cDNA and RD28 antibody as probes, and by controlling stomatal movement as a parameter combined with antibody and inhibitor of aquaporins respectively. The results revealed that RD28 mRNA, encoding a plasma membrane aquaporin, expressed in ale mesophyll cells and vascular tissues of V. faba, especially in guard cells. And the location of RD28-like proteins was mainly on plasma membrane of guard cells. The addition of 25 mumol/L HgCl2, an aquaporin blocker, and antibody of RD28 as well, greatly suppressed the stomatal opening or guardcell protoplast swelling induced by fusicoccin and light, and closing induced by abscisic acid. However, 5 mmol/L, beta-mercaptoethanol, a reverse reagent of aquaporin blocker, reversed the inhibitory effect of HgCl2 Pretreatment oil stomatal opening ( i.e., HgCl2 was removed after HgCl2 pretreatment for 10 min). The results suggest that the aquaporins in V. faba are associated with stomatal movement.展开更多
Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) has been showed to be able to induce stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. in previous investigations. The transport and distribution of 3H-JA affected by localized scorch on V. faba seedl...Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) has been showed to be able to induce stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. in previous investigations. The transport and distribution of 3H-JA affected by localized scorch on V. faba seedling were studied with radioisotope technique. The results showed that 3H-JA could be transported up or down at the rate of 4-5 cm·min -1 following feeding into root or shoot tip. The transport of 3H-JA in shoot reached a relative stable rate at 30 min after being fed through root. Wounding by scorch in the youngest leaf caused an increase in the transport of 3H-JA from root to shoot and enhanced the distribution of 3H-JA in the wounded leaf. However, distribution of 3H-JA in unwounded leaves increased after 5 h being fed through the youngest leaf. It was noticed that wounding improved accumulation of 3H-JA in abaxial epidermis. Consistent results were obtained: wounding prevented transport of 3H-JA out from the youngest leaf to root; These observations suggest that JA plays an important role as a defense signal and might be involved in the regulation of the stomatal movement in response to wounding stress.展开更多
Through field observation and lab analysis, 13 agronomic traits, including plant height and effective branching number per plant, etc., of 207 faba bean （Vicia faba L.） germplasms saved in Crop Middle-term Genebank ...Through field observation and lab analysis, 13 agronomic traits, including plant height and effective branching number per plant, etc., of 207 faba bean （Vicia faba L.） germplasms saved in Crop Middle-term Genebank of Hubei Province were evaluated, moreover, the identification on the disease resistance and the quality was carried out on parts of germplasm resources. The results showed that the faba beangermplasm resources in Hubei Province were abundant, the variation range of agronomic traits like the growth period, plant height and 100-bean weight, etc., was great, and the range of choice was wide. In the aspect of quality, there were 9 germplasms withthe content of crude protein higher than 30%, and the variation range of amylose content in total starch was large, which provided excellent sources of parents for breedinq hi.qh-quality faba bean varieties in Hubei Province.展开更多
The major emphasis of this review is recent progress in growth and physiological responses under salt stress and approaches for enhancing salt tolerance of faba bean. The aim is to reveal physiology and molecular mech...The major emphasis of this review is recent progress in growth and physiological responses under salt stress and approaches for enhancing salt tolerance of faba bean. The aim is to reveal physiology and molecular mechanisms of salt stress on faba bean and to provide reference bases for breeding new salt-tolerant faba bean varieties. Furthermore, the future research direction of broad bean salt resistance is forecasted.展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to provide scientific basis for protected cultivation of faba bean. [Method] Comparative analysis of the plant height, the first pod height, the branch number per plant, the node position of fi...[Objective] The aim was to provide scientific basis for protected cultivation of faba bean. [Method] Comparative analysis of the plant height, the first pod height, the branch number per plant, the node position of first pod, the node num- ber, yield per plant, plot yield of fresh pod were studied by using Tongcanxian 7 which were planted at different seeding time and different density. [Result] The re- sults show that Tongcanxian 7 had maximum yield with 37 500 plant/hm2 when sowed on November 2. [Conclusion] Plastic greenhouse cultivation is appropriate for fresh eating faba bean, the sowing-time is the beginning of November and the best density is 7 500 plant/hm2.展开更多
With 12 Vicia faba L. varieties of different genotypes as the research ma- terials, the contents of 9 kinds of quality factors of protein, fat, free amino acid as well as beneficial mineral elements were analyzed with...With 12 Vicia faba L. varieties of different genotypes as the research ma- terials, the contents of 9 kinds of quality factors of protein, fat, free amino acid as well as beneficial mineral elements were analyzed with the aim to provide the nec- essary theoretical basis for the selection of new varieties of high quality faba beans. The results showed that in the faba beans of different genotypes, the protein content ranged from 27.9% to 31.2%, fat content of 1.2-1.4%, tannin content of 4 700-5 280 mg/kg, iron content of 47.45-67.15 mgJkg, calcium content of 571.30-1 397.22 mg/kg, zinc content of 47.34-66.10 mg/kg, potassium content of 1.09-1.38%, and selenium content ranged from 0.031 mg/kg to 0.064 mg/kg. There were significant differences in the contents of different free amino acids between different genotypes, and the total free amino acid content was between 1.062% and 0.915%.展开更多
The high-efficiency planting mode for five crops a year of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was introduced, and its yield and economic benefits were compared with the planti...The high-efficiency planting mode for five crops a year of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was introduced, and its yield and economic benefits were compared with the planting mode of three crops a year of ＂faba bean-spring maize/red bean＂. The results showed that the planting method for fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was much easier to operate with the input-output ratio of about185.6%, and its yield and economic benefits were 2.09 and 1.83 times of that of the planting mode for three crops a year, significantly improving the agricultural yield and income of farmers. In addition, the cropping index of the planting mode for fresh edible fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize ＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ reached up to 350%, and planting faba bean once a year and soybean twice a year could make the biological fixation amount of nitrogen increase 350-450kg/m^2, which equaled to up to 700 kg/m^2 of urea, showing significant ecological and social benefits. Based on the comparison results, the high-yield culture techniques of the planting mode of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ were summarized.展开更多
基金funded by grant 469336000 to Rod J.Snowdon from the German Research Society(DFG)for the International Research Training Group 2843“Accelerating crop Genetic Gain”.
文摘Faba bean,with its high protein yield and low nitrogen inputs,is a promising crop,but it suffers from low yield stability due to poor heat and drought adaptation.To improve yield performance,faba beans can be produced as synthetic cultivars,where multiple lines are advanced through open pollination resulting in offsprings,which are a mixture of F_(1)-hybrids and self-pollinated offsprings.This leads to an enhanced performance due to per se performance of the components and heterotic effects of F_(1)-hybrids.While distinct genetic pools have shown high heterotic effects in hybrid breeding programs,they have not been systematically established in faba bean breeding.To promote establishment of heterotic pools,we employed a cost-effective chain-crossing scheme accompanied with only 58 genome-wide KASP-markers and generated diverse genetically distinct pools within one generation.However,artificial crossing methods in faba bean result in low crossing efficiency and seed set.To overcome this,we introduced bumblebee-assisted intercrossing in greenhouse chambers,achieving an increased seed set and further enhancing genetic distance between gene pools.Genotyping was conducted with an Illumina 10K SNP-chip,which enabled the identification of F_(1)×F_(1) double-cross combinations and F2 self-pollinated offsprings from open pollinated offsprings with a custom pipeline.In contrast to standard crossing and recombinant inbred line(RIL)production in faba bean,which results in small families with limited recombination,the chain-crossing scheme and within-pool open pollination allows us to rapidly generate large and diverse base populations for future breeding,genetic studies and with that to increase genetic gain in faba bean.
文摘Water channels or aquaporins are the main pathways of water transport. Both the existence and function of aquaporins in die guard cells of Vicia faba L. were investigated both by using RD28 cDNA and RD28 antibody as probes, and by controlling stomatal movement as a parameter combined with antibody and inhibitor of aquaporins respectively. The results revealed that RD28 mRNA, encoding a plasma membrane aquaporin, expressed in ale mesophyll cells and vascular tissues of V. faba, especially in guard cells. And the location of RD28-like proteins was mainly on plasma membrane of guard cells. The addition of 25 mumol/L HgCl2, an aquaporin blocker, and antibody of RD28 as well, greatly suppressed the stomatal opening or guardcell protoplast swelling induced by fusicoccin and light, and closing induced by abscisic acid. However, 5 mmol/L, beta-mercaptoethanol, a reverse reagent of aquaporin blocker, reversed the inhibitory effect of HgCl2 Pretreatment oil stomatal opening ( i.e., HgCl2 was removed after HgCl2 pretreatment for 10 min). The results suggest that the aquaporins in V. faba are associated with stomatal movement.
文摘Exogenous jasmonic acid (JA) has been showed to be able to induce stomatal closure in Vicia faba L. in previous investigations. The transport and distribution of 3H-JA affected by localized scorch on V. faba seedling were studied with radioisotope technique. The results showed that 3H-JA could be transported up or down at the rate of 4-5 cm·min -1 following feeding into root or shoot tip. The transport of 3H-JA in shoot reached a relative stable rate at 30 min after being fed through root. Wounding by scorch in the youngest leaf caused an increase in the transport of 3H-JA from root to shoot and enhanced the distribution of 3H-JA in the wounded leaf. However, distribution of 3H-JA in unwounded leaves increased after 5 h being fed through the youngest leaf. It was noticed that wounding improved accumulation of 3H-JA in abaxial epidermis. Consistent results were obtained: wounding prevented transport of 3H-JA out from the youngest leaf to root; These observations suggest that JA plays an important role as a defense signal and might be involved in the regulation of the stomatal movement in response to wounding stress.
文摘Through field observation and lab analysis, 13 agronomic traits, including plant height and effective branching number per plant, etc., of 207 faba bean （Vicia faba L.） germplasms saved in Crop Middle-term Genebank of Hubei Province were evaluated, moreover, the identification on the disease resistance and the quality was carried out on parts of germplasm resources. The results showed that the faba beangermplasm resources in Hubei Province were abundant, the variation range of agronomic traits like the growth period, plant height and 100-bean weight, etc., was great, and the range of choice was wide. In the aspect of quality, there were 9 germplasms withthe content of crude protein higher than 30%, and the variation range of amylose content in total starch was large, which provided excellent sources of parents for breedinq hi.qh-quality faba bean varieties in Hubei Province.
基金Supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-09)the Funder for Independent Innovation of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province(XC(12)5081)~~
文摘The major emphasis of this review is recent progress in growth and physiological responses under salt stress and approaches for enhancing salt tolerance of faba bean. The aim is to reveal physiology and molecular mechanisms of salt stress on faba bean and to provide reference bases for breeding new salt-tolerant faba bean varieties. Furthermore, the future research direction of broad bean salt resistance is forecasted.
基金Supported by Modern Agriculture Technology System(CARS-09)Jiangsu Innovation Program CX(13)3084Nantong Scientific and Technological Innovation and Industrialization(HL2013016)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to provide scientific basis for protected cultivation of faba bean. [Method] Comparative analysis of the plant height, the first pod height, the branch number per plant, the node position of first pod, the node num- ber, yield per plant, plot yield of fresh pod were studied by using Tongcanxian 7 which were planted at different seeding time and different density. [Result] The re- sults show that Tongcanxian 7 had maximum yield with 37 500 plant/hm2 when sowed on November 2. [Conclusion] Plastic greenhouse cultivation is appropriate for fresh eating faba bean, the sowing-time is the beginning of November and the best density is 7 500 plant/hm2.
基金Supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-09)~~
文摘With 12 Vicia faba L. varieties of different genotypes as the research ma- terials, the contents of 9 kinds of quality factors of protein, fat, free amino acid as well as beneficial mineral elements were analyzed with the aim to provide the nec- essary theoretical basis for the selection of new varieties of high quality faba beans. The results showed that in the faba beans of different genotypes, the protein content ranged from 27.9% to 31.2%, fat content of 1.2-1.4%, tannin content of 4 700-5 280 mg/kg, iron content of 47.45-67.15 mgJkg, calcium content of 571.30-1 397.22 mg/kg, zinc content of 47.34-66.10 mg/kg, potassium content of 1.09-1.38%, and selenium content ranged from 0.031 mg/kg to 0.064 mg/kg. There were significant differences in the contents of different free amino acids between different genotypes, and the total free amino acid content was between 1.062% and 0.915%.
基金Supported by the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-09)the Technological Innovation and Industrialization Project for the Rural Area of Nantong City,Jiangsu Province(H12014012)~~
文摘The high-efficiency planting mode for five crops a year of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was introduced, and its yield and economic benefits were compared with the planting mode of three crops a year of ＂faba bean-spring maize/red bean＂. The results showed that the planting method for fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ was much easier to operate with the input-output ratio of about185.6%, and its yield and economic benefits were 2.09 and 1.83 times of that of the planting mode for three crops a year, significantly improving the agricultural yield and income of farmers. In addition, the cropping index of the planting mode for fresh edible fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize ＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ reached up to 350%, and planting faba bean once a year and soybean twice a year could make the biological fixation amount of nitrogen increase 350-450kg/m^2, which equaled to up to 700 kg/m^2 of urea, showing significant ecological and social benefits. Based on the comparison results, the high-yield culture techniques of the planting mode of fresh edible ＂faba bean/spring maize＋soybean-autumn maize/autumn soybean＂ were summarized.
