Recently,there has been a global movement toward environmental protection and energy conservation through the design and development of new products in accordance with sustainable utilisation.In this study,rare earth ...Recently,there has been a global movement toward environmental protection and energy conservation through the design and development of new products in accordance with sustainable utilisation.In this study,rare earth luminescent materials were used owing to their active light emission and reusability.Additionally,solar lightemitting diode lights and car-light reflection were utilised to increase the recognition and reliability of reflective cat eyes.Along with carbon reduction,this can save energy and enhance road safety.This study considered the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving and a literature review to analyse the issues in existing products.Then,expert interviews were conducted to screen projects and develop product design policies.Finally,the ratio of light-storage materials was experimentally determined and the prototypes implemented.This cat’s eye addresses the shortcomings identified in previous analyses of existing products.We applied energy storage environmental protection materials,together with material proportioning(which balanced warning efficiency against cost-effectiveness)to develop diversified modular kits;these were flexible in terms of quantity and easily assembled.This study achieved four key objectives:(1)reducing the research and development costs of the manufacturer;(2)offering buyers a diverse suite of products;(3)responding to a need to improve diverse road user safety;and(4)reducing government procurement costs for safety warning products.The results provide a reference for the creative modular design of energy-saving products for public road safety planning in various industries.展开更多
Purpose:2020 is the concluding year of the basic preschool education popularization policy in China and marks the beginning of China's Education Modernization 2035.This study focuses on the top-level design and th...Purpose:2020 is the concluding year of the basic preschool education popularization policy in China and marks the beginning of China's Education Modernization 2035.This study focuses on the top-level design and the prospect of the development plan of China's preschool education toward2035.Design/Approach/Methods:The research method adopted is expert interview.We interviewed Il experts,including policymakers,educational administrators,scholars,and practitioners intheeducation.Findings:To develop China's preschool education,we need to integrate macro-level,mesolevel,and micro-level contents:focusing on public welfare as the development concept,furthering the reform of the educational system and mechanism,making quality improvement the plan's key goal,and forming a new preschool education development mode with Chinese characteristics.Originality/Value:This study hopes to clarify the focus to have an impact on China's preschool education toward 2035.It also aims to provide suggestions about preschool education development for other countries.展开更多
The increasing energy demand caused by digitalization,the integration of renewable energy sources,and the growing adoption of electric vehicles(EVs)pose significant challenges to power grids.The Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)te...The increasing energy demand caused by digitalization,the integration of renewable energy sources,and the growing adoption of electric vehicles(EVs)pose significant challenges to power grids.The Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)technology emerges as a solution that provides cost-effective energy storage capacities to address these challenges.This paper explores the roles,potentials,and challenges for the stakeholders involved in a V2G architecture.These include Consumers,V2G Systems,Power Markets,and V2G Communication operators.A major emphasis is on the importance of data in a bidirectional charging environment.Through a comprehensive literature research and in-depth interviews with 16 V2G experts,we identify the current state,research gaps,and insights related to V2G.In particular,we focus on addressing the challenges in a V2G architecture.Our analysis reveals evolving stakeholder roles,the potential for cost benefits and new revenue streams,and challenges related to costs,functionality,legal aspects,and market collaboration.Additionally,we highlight behavioral shifts among consumers and the crucial role of data collection,utilization,and sharing.This study contributes to V2G research by offering insights into customer adoption challenges,the extension of charging infrastructure,the importance of software and machine learning tools,and the need for grid player collaboration.展开更多
基金This work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology funded by the Taiwan Government[Grant No.MOST 105-2622-E-327-011-CC3]However,the publication of our work is fully in MOST’s favor.
文摘Recently,there has been a global movement toward environmental protection and energy conservation through the design and development of new products in accordance with sustainable utilisation.In this study,rare earth luminescent materials were used owing to their active light emission and reusability.Additionally,solar lightemitting diode lights and car-light reflection were utilised to increase the recognition and reliability of reflective cat eyes.Along with carbon reduction,this can save energy and enhance road safety.This study considered the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving and a literature review to analyse the issues in existing products.Then,expert interviews were conducted to screen projects and develop product design policies.Finally,the ratio of light-storage materials was experimentally determined and the prototypes implemented.This cat’s eye addresses the shortcomings identified in previous analyses of existing products.We applied energy storage environmental protection materials,together with material proportioning(which balanced warning efficiency against cost-effectiveness)to develop diversified modular kits;these were flexible in terms of quantity and easily assembled.This study achieved four key objectives:(1)reducing the research and development costs of the manufacturer;(2)offering buyers a diverse suite of products;(3)responding to a need to improve diverse road user safety;and(4)reducing government procurement costs for safety warning products.The results provide a reference for the creative modular design of energy-saving products for public road safety planning in various industries.
基金the research,authorship,and/or publication of this article:The study was fully funded by major projects of the National Social Science Fund of China(Project#:18ZDA336).
文摘Purpose:2020 is the concluding year of the basic preschool education popularization policy in China and marks the beginning of China's Education Modernization 2035.This study focuses on the top-level design and the prospect of the development plan of China's preschool education toward2035.Design/Approach/Methods:The research method adopted is expert interview.We interviewed Il experts,including policymakers,educational administrators,scholars,and practitioners intheeducation.Findings:To develop China's preschool education,we need to integrate macro-level,mesolevel,and micro-level contents:focusing on public welfare as the development concept,furthering the reform of the educational system and mechanism,making quality improvement the plan's key goal,and forming a new preschool education development mode with Chinese characteristics.Originality/Value:This study hopes to clarify the focus to have an impact on China's preschool education toward 2035.It also aims to provide suggestions about preschool education development for other countries.
基金funded by the Munich Mobility Research Campus(MORE)as part of dtec.bw-Digitalization and Technology Research Center of the Bundeswehr which we gratefully acknowledgefunded by the European Union-Next Generation EU.
文摘The increasing energy demand caused by digitalization,the integration of renewable energy sources,and the growing adoption of electric vehicles(EVs)pose significant challenges to power grids.The Vehicle-to-Grid(V2G)technology emerges as a solution that provides cost-effective energy storage capacities to address these challenges.This paper explores the roles,potentials,and challenges for the stakeholders involved in a V2G architecture.These include Consumers,V2G Systems,Power Markets,and V2G Communication operators.A major emphasis is on the importance of data in a bidirectional charging environment.Through a comprehensive literature research and in-depth interviews with 16 V2G experts,we identify the current state,research gaps,and insights related to V2G.In particular,we focus on addressing the challenges in a V2G architecture.Our analysis reveals evolving stakeholder roles,the potential for cost benefits and new revenue streams,and challenges related to costs,functionality,legal aspects,and market collaboration.Additionally,we highlight behavioral shifts among consumers and the crucial role of data collection,utilization,and sharing.This study contributes to V2G research by offering insights into customer adoption challenges,the extension of charging infrastructure,the importance of software and machine learning tools,and the need for grid player collaboration.
