Temperature variation and gas generation at diferent depths and positions in the coal combustion process were studied to determine the propagation and evolution of high temperature regions in the process of coal spont...Temperature variation and gas generation at diferent depths and positions in the coal combustion process were studied to determine the propagation and evolution of high temperature regions in the process of coal spontaneous combustion.This study selected coal samples from Mengcun,Shaanxi Province,People’s Republic of China,and developed a semi-enclosed experimental system(furnace)for simulating coal combustion.The thermal mass loss of coal samples under various heating rates(5,10,and 15℃/min)was analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis,and the dynamic characteristics of the coal samples were analyzed;the reliability of the semi-enclosed experimental system was verifed through the equal proportional method of fuzzy response.The results reveal that the high-temperature zone is distributed nonlinearly from the middle to the front end of the furnace,and the temperatures of points in this zone decreased gradually as the layer depth increased.The apparent activation energy of the coal samples during combustion frst increased and then decreased as the conversion degree increased.Furthermore,the proportion of mass loss and the mass loss rate in the coal samples observed in the thermogravimetric experiment is consistent with that observed in the frst and second stages of the experiment conducted using the semi-enclosed system.The research fndings can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of hightemperature zones in coal combustion.展开更多
The modeling system of the gas detonation by the human body electrostatic discharge(ESD)in coal mine is developed successfully,and the body’s dynamic ESD model is established.To obtain a gas concentration causes by t...The modeling system of the gas detonation by the human body electrostatic discharge(ESD)in coal mine is developed successfully,and the body’s dynamic ESD model is established.To obtain a gas concentration causes by the explosions most easily in coal mine environment.The results provide an academic and experimental evidence for the safe electrostatic production and management in coal mine.The system adopts 77E58 as control core and the circuit optimized design,to take dual protection to the gas path and circuit of the system,systematic operation is safe and reliable.The experimental results show that the system can be carried out series of experiments of the human body ESD model detonating mixed gas,the measuring accuracy of gas concentration is 0.1%.And draws a conclusion that the gas concentration which causes the explosions most easily is 8.7%,but not the higher gas concentration is,the more explosive is.展开更多
A large-scale experimental for multiphase combustion and explosion study was developed and manufactured. The explosion tank consists of a 2 m diameter, 3.5 m long tube and ellipsoidai dames on both ends. The volume of...A large-scale experimental for multiphase combustion and explosion study was developed and manufactured. The explosion tank consists of a 2 m diameter, 3.5 m long tube and ellipsoidai dames on both ends. The volume of the experimental tank is 10 ma. Pressure histories of the explosion pressure can be measured at different locations in the tank. High pressure glass windows of 200～300 mm were used to have access to the visualization of the explosion process. The explosion process of methane/air mixture and methane/coal dust/air mixture initiated by a 40 J electric spark at the center of the tank was studied in the large^scale experimental system. Five pressure sonsars were arranged in the tank with different distances from the ignition point. Ton dust dispersion traits were equipped to eject dust into the tank. A high-speed camera system was used to visualize the flame propagation during the explosion process. The characteristics of the pressure wave and flame propagated in methane/air mixtures and methane/coal dust/air mixtures have been展开更多
The problems in the vehicle off-road experiment, such as various kinds of expensive instruments and diffi- culty in matching the input and the output signals of the vehicle status which cause useless data acquired. On...The problems in the vehicle off-road experiment, such as various kinds of expensive instruments and diffi- culty in matching the input and the output signals of the vehicle status which cause useless data acquired. On the basis of considering the test functions and experimental cost, this paper has developed a vehicle off-road experimental system basing on the Labview. This system can complete various kinds of signal acquisition in one experimental sys- tem and automatically restore the data by types. This solves the problem of real time matching between the input and the output signals, making sure that the data won＇t be confused as the experimental increase, so as to level the ex- perimental efficiency and data accuracy. This system has been used to the experiment of some armored vehicles. The analysis of the data has verified the reliability of the system.展开更多
The current natural gas hydrate extraction experimental research has always been carried out in a small-scale simulation test device,and the resulted boundary effect is so obvious due to the small size of samples in t...The current natural gas hydrate extraction experimental research has always been carried out in a small-scale simulation test device,and the resulted boundary effect is so obvious due to the small size of samples in the reaction kettle that the experimental results will be difficult to apply in the field.In this paper,an integrated experimental system for drilling and exploitation of gas hydrate is developed innovatively based on the idea of depressurization method and the technological process.This experimental system consists of high-pressure vesselmodule,drilling&extraction module,liquid supply module,gas supply module,confining pressure loading module,back-pressure control module,three-phase separation module,temperature control module,data acquisition module and an operational platform.The hydrate-bearing samples similar to marine hydrate formations were prepared inthe experimental system with the actual geological surroundings simulated.The electrical resistance tomography was used to real-time monitor the dynamic distribution of gas hydrate in sediments inside the high-pressure vessel(521 L).This experimental system can also simulate the process of wellbore drilling in hydrate reservoirs and depressurization extraction,and realize the real-time monitoring of parameters in the whole production process such as gas production,water production,sand production,temperature,pressure,etc.We carried out a preliminary experiment on the CO_(2) hydrate extraction via depressurization by using this experimental system.Fundamental procedures for data acquisition and analysis were established and verified.The variations of temperature and pressure fields and gas/water output behaviors in the reservoirs were both achieved.The results show that(1)the gas and water production rate fluctuate greatly even at a constant backpressure;(2)the reservoir temperature distribution is uneven during hydrate decomposition,and the maximum temperature is decreased by 5℃,suggesting that the hydrate decomposition is heterogeneous and stochastic.The abundant and credible experimental results based on this system are expected to provide important data support for marine gas hydrate production tests.展开更多
Carbon dioxide(CO2) geosequestration in deep saline aquifers has been currently deemed as a preferable and practicable mitigation means for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gases(GHGs) emissions to the atmosphere, as...Carbon dioxide(CO2) geosequestration in deep saline aquifers has been currently deemed as a preferable and practicable mitigation means for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gases(GHGs) emissions to the atmosphere, as deep saline aquifers can offer the greatest potential from a capacity point of view. Hence,research on core-scale CO2/brine multiphase migration processes is of great significance for precisely estimating storage efficiency, ensuring storage security, and predicting the long-term effects of the sequestered CO2in subsurface saline aquifers. This review article initially presents a brief description of the essential aspects of CO2subsurface transport and geological trapping mechanisms, and then outlines the state-of-the-art laboratory core flooding experimental apparatus that has been adopted for simulating CO2injection and migration processes in the literature over the past decade. Finally, a summary of the characteristics, components and applications of publicly reported core flooding equipment as well as major research gaps and areas in need of further study are given in relevance to laboratory-scale core flooding experiments in CO2geosequestration under reservoir conditions.展开更多
At present,most experimental teaching systems lack guidance of an operator,and thus users often do not know what to do during an experiment.The user load is therefore increased,and the learning efficiency of the stude...At present,most experimental teaching systems lack guidance of an operator,and thus users often do not know what to do during an experiment.The user load is therefore increased,and the learning efficiency of the students is decreased.To solve the problem of insufficient system interactivity and guidance,an experimental navigation system based on multi-mode fusion is proposed in this paper.The system first obtains user information by sensing the hardware devices,intelligently perceives the user intention and progress of the experiment according to the information acquired,and finally carries out a multi-modal intelligent navigation process for users.As an innovative aspect of this study,an intelligent multi-mode navigation system is used to guide users in conducting experiments,thereby reducing the user load and enabling the users to effectively complete their experiments.The results prove that this system can guide users in completing their experiments,and can effectively reduce the user load during the interaction process and improve the efficiency.展开更多
In the scenario of a steam generator tube rupture accident in a lead-cooled fast reactor,secondary circuit subcooled water under high pressure is injected into an ordinary-pressure primary vessel,where a molten lead-b...In the scenario of a steam generator tube rupture accident in a lead-cooled fast reactor,secondary circuit subcooled water under high pressure is injected into an ordinary-pressure primary vessel,where a molten lead-based alloy(typically pure lead or lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE))is used as the coolant.To clarify the pressure build-up characteristics under water-jet injection,this study conducted several experiments by injecting pressurized water into a molten LBE pool at Sun Yat-sen University.To obtain a further understanding,several new experimental parameters were adopted,including the melt temperature,water subcooling,injection pressure,injection duration,and nozzle diameter.Through detailed analyses,it was found that the pressure and temperature during the water-melt interaction exhibited a consistent variation trend with our previous water-droplet injection mode LBE experiment.Similarly,the existence of a steam explosion was confirmed,which typically results in a much stronger pressure build-up.For the non-explosion cases,increasing the injection pressure,melt-pool temperature,nozzle diameter,and water subcooling promoted pressure build-up in the melt pool.However,a limited enhancement effect was observed when increasing the injection duration,which may be owing to the continually rising pressure in the interaction vessel or the isolation effect of the generated steam cavity.Regardless of whether a steam explosion occurred,the calculated mechanical and kinetic energy conversion efficiencies of the melt were relatively small(not exceeding 4.1%and 0.7%,respectively).Moreover,the range of the conversion efficiency was similar to that of previous water-droplet experiments,although the upper limit of the jet mode was slightly lower.展开更多
In comparison with conventional experimental teaching methods,the implementation of the Motic digital microscope mutual system in the experimental teaching of medicinal botany has been demonstrated to be a highly effi...In comparison with conventional experimental teaching methods,the implementation of the Motic digital microscope mutual system in the experimental teaching of medicinal botany has been demonstrated to be a highly efficacious approach to enhance the teaching level of experimental courses in medicinal botany.The implementation of a digital microscope mutual system in experimental teaching not only enhances students practical skills in laboratory operations but also increases classroom efficiency.Furthermore,it supports personalized development among students while fostering innovative thinking,independent learning capabilities,and analysis and problem-solving skills.Additionally,this approach contributes to the enhancement of students scientific literacy.展开更多
Background:QiShenYiQi(QSYQ)is commonly accepted to treat ischemic stroke(IS)in clinical settings,yet the underlying mechanism of action of QSYQ is largely unknown.Methods:By combining systems pharmacology with experim...Background:QiShenYiQi(QSYQ)is commonly accepted to treat ischemic stroke(IS)in clinical settings,yet the underlying mechanism of action of QSYQ is largely unknown.Methods:By combining systems pharmacology with experimental assessment,we examined the key targets,bioactive components,and mechanisms of QSYQ against IS.Results:Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform predicted a total number of 254 targets that were potentially related to QSYQ,whereas 699 targets associated with IS were gathered from Therapeutic Target Database,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database,Gene Cards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,and National Center for Biotechnology Information databases,and 83 of these targets overlap with QSYQ-related targets.Importantly,through the analysis of Gene Ontology functional annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment,and protein-protein interaction network,we identified 20 related signaling pathways along with 4 hub genes.Subsequently,our molecular docking results revealed that QSYQ might interact with PTGS2,PTGS1,SCN5A,and HSP90AB1.We observed dose-dependent beneficial effects of QSYQ in significantly improving neurological function and alleviating histopathological damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion model,while decreasing infarct volume.Notablely,QSYQ markedly downregulates tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1 beta.Overall,this study demonstrates the synergetic effects of QSYQ on regulating multi-targets in IS through inhibiting inflammatory processes and neuronal apoptosis,these findings may expand the understanding of QSYQ and provide guidance for its clinical application in treating IS.Conclusion:Current study reveals the protective roles of QSYQ against IS through modulating PTGS2/PTGS1/SCN5A/HSP90AB1 and TNF signaling pathways.展开更多
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of a noveltranscatheter suture closure system(HaloStitch^(®))for patent foramen ovale(PFO)closure in a swine model.Methods:Thirteen swine underwent...This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of a noveltranscatheter suture closure system(HaloStitch^(®))for patent foramen ovale(PFO)closure in a swine model.Methods:Thirteen swine underwentexperimental PF0 model creation.All animals received implantationof the transcatheter suture closure system to evaluate procedural success.Comprehensive follow-up over sixmonths included serial ultrasound imaging,histopathological analysis,and gross anatomical exaninationof cardiac specimens.Results:Successful HaloStitch^(®)device implantation was adhieved in 11 of 13 swine.Gross anatomical examination confirrned secure positioning of all sutures in the atrial septum,with noredundancy or thrombus formation.Postoperative ultrasound demonstrated stable suture and staplepositions throughout follow-up,with no evidence of suture breakage,displacement,or thrombus.Stapleswere clearly visualized under ultrasound imaging,Both the atrial septal defect orifice diameter and residualseptal shunt flow velocity decreased significantly during the observation period.Histopathological analysisrevealed partially organized thrombi at the implant head and fibrous connective tissue encapsulation withlocalized inflammatory cell infiltration surrounding the polymer material.Conclsions:The transcathetersuture closure system(HaloStitch^(®))demonstrated feasibility,safety,and biocompatib ility for PFO closure ina swine model,supporting its potential for clinical translation.展开更多
Experimental therapies targeting immune and stromal cells,such as mast cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,dendritic cells,and tumor endothelial cells,in the treatment of gastrointestinal solid tumors pose new and com...Experimental therapies targeting immune and stromal cells,such as mast cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,dendritic cells,and tumor endothelial cells,in the treatment of gastrointestinal solid tumors pose new and complex surgical and medico-legal challenges.These innovative treatments require that informed consent not be limited to simple acceptance of the medical procedure,but instead reflect a true relational and cognitive process grounded in understanding,free choice,and the ability to revoke consent at any time.In particular,it is essential that the patient understands the experimental nature of the therapy,its development stage,potential benefits and risks,as well as the implications for their health and personal dignity.In the case of stromal cell-based treatments,which may exert complex immunomodulatory effects or activate angiogenic pathways that are not yet fully understood,patients must be made fully aware that they are participating in a non-standardized therapy whose outcomes,whether beneficial or harmful,cannot yet be predicted with certainty.This requires particularly careful medical communication,using simple yet scientifically accurate explanations delivered in appropriate language,along with a final verification of the patient’s actual understanding.展开更多
The present study was conducted to clarify the therapeutic effect of cornuside on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)and its influence on T helper 17(Th17)cell and regulatory T(Treg)cell infiltration into t...The present study was conducted to clarify the therapeutic effect of cornuside on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)and its influence on T helper 17(Th17)cell and regulatory T(Treg)cell infiltration into the central nervous system.Rats were randomly placed into four treatment groups:control,EAE,EAE+cornuside,and EAE+prednisolone.The neurological function scores of rats were assessed daily.On the second day after EAE rats began to show neurological deficit symptoms,the four groups were treated with normal saline,normal saline,cornuside(150 mg/kg),and prednisolone(5 mg/kg),respectively.The treatment was discontinued after two weeks,and the spinal cord was obtained for hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and luxol fast blue staining,as well as retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptorγ(RORγ)and forkhead box protein P3(Foxp3)immunohistochemical staining.Blood was collected for Th17 and Treg cell flow cytometry testing,and the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-17A,IL-10,transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),IL-6,IL-23,and IL-2 were measured via enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Compared with rats in the EAE group,rats in the EAE+cornuside and EAE+prednisolone groups began to recover from neurological deficits earlier,and had a greater degree of improvement of symptoms.Focal inflammation,demyelination,and RORγ-positive cell infiltration were reduced by cornuside or prednisolone treatment,whereas the Foxp3-positive cell numbers were not significantly different.Meanwhile,the number of Th17 cells and the IL-17A,IL-6,and IL-23 levels were lower in the blood after cornuside or prednisolone treatment,whereas the number of Treg cells or the levels of IL-10,TGF-β,and IL-2 were not markedly different.Cornuside can alleviate symptoms of EAE neurological deficits through its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects,and Th17 cells may be one of its therapeutic targets.展开更多
Bajiaolian, one of the species in the Mayapple family ( Podophyllum pelatum ), has been widely used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the remedies of snake bites, general weakness, poisons, condyloma accumi...Bajiaolian, one of the species in the Mayapple family ( Podophyllum pelatum ), has been widely used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the remedies of snake bites, general weakness, poisons, condyloma accuminata, lymphadenopathy, and certain tumors in China. In Western medicine, Podophyllum was first used medically as a laxative in the early 19th century. Since 1940, the resin of podophyllum has also been used topically for various skin lesions, such as warts and condyloma. Human poisonings have been reported.An animal model was established to investigate the neurotoxic effects of Bajiaolian. Podophyllotoxin, the major active ingredient in Podophyllum, was injected (ip) to young adult male rats at doses of 0, 5, 10, or 15 mg-kg-1 b.w.. The animals were sacrificed 72 h after injection.Neuronal changes were readily observable in animals treated with 10 or 15 mg-kg-1 of the toxin. Edematous changes of the anterior horn motoneurons were observed in the spinal cord. No neuronal necrosis was found. The type of neuronal swelling is believed to be only a transient change and would probably subside with time if no further assaults occur. More serious and perhaps longer term of changes were found in the dorsal ganglion neurons and the nerve fibers (axons) in the central and peripheral nervous system. Severe depletion of the Nissl substance (RNA/polyribosomes) was observed in the dorsal root ganglion neurons. Alterations in these sensory neurons would give rise to and correlate with the sensory disturbances experienced by the patients. Bodian staining also revealed a dose-related increase in the coarseness (thickness) of the nerve fibers (axons) in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord.This is the first scientific study showing the neurotoxicity of Bajiaolian, a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine. Toxicities on other organ systems by this drug certainly exist. Caution should be exercised in the dispensing and usage of this medicine.展开更多
Aim To design and experimentally study an 80C196KC-based SRD (switched re- luctance motor drive drive sytem) controller,Methods with the guidelines of the digitized SRD system controller,the circuit design and softwar...Aim To design and experimentally study an 80C196KC-based SRD (switched re- luctance motor drive drive sytem) controller,Methods with the guidelines of the digitized SRD system controller,the circuit design and software programming were completed,and a relevantexperimental system was PUT forward to test the newly designed controller.Result The experi-mental study showed that the newlydesigned controller had good speed-adjusting characteristicfor a switched reluctance motor ,its stable error was less than 5% and its full-load startingtime was shorter than 1.8s .Conclusion The new controller has reasonable circuit design and suitable controlling algorithm,and it is a feasible SRD system controller design scheme.展开更多
The hydrodynamic performance of a hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was studied by RANS method with SST k ？？ turbulence model and sliding mesh. The effect of axial spacing on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybri...The hydrodynamic performance of a hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was studied by RANS method with SST k ？？ turbulence model and sliding mesh. The effect of axial spacing on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was investigated numerically and experimentally. It shows that RANS with the sliding mesh method and SST k -ω turbulence model predicts accurately the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system. The axial spacing has little influence on the hydrodynamic performance of the forward propeller, but great influence on that of the pod unit. Thrust coefficient of the pod unit declines with the increase of the axial spacing, but the trend becomes weaker, and the decreasing amplitude at the lower advance coefficient is larger than that at the higher advance coefficient. The thrust coefficient and open water efficiency of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system decrease with the increase of the axial spacing, while the torque coefficient keeps almost constant. On this basis, the design principle of axial spacing of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was proposed.展开更多
As a core part of subsea production systems,subsea control modules(SCMs)are costly,difficult,and expensive to install and inconvenient to use in underwater maintenance.Therefore,performance and function tests must be ...As a core part of subsea production systems,subsea control modules(SCMs)are costly,difficult,and expensive to install and inconvenient to use in underwater maintenance.Therefore,performance and function tests must be carried out before launching SCMs.This study developed a testing device and an SCM test by investigating SCMs and their underwater.The testing device includes four parts:a hydraulic station,an SCM test stand,a signal generating device,and an electronic test unit.First,the basic indices of the testing device were determined from the performance and working parameters of the SCM.Second,the design scheme of the testing device for the SCM was tentatively proposed,and each testing device was designed.Finally,a practical measurement of the SCM,in combination with the hydraulic station,SCM test stand,signal generator,electronic unit,and highpressure water tank,was carried out according to the test requirements.The measurement mainly involved equipment inspection before testing and an experimental test for the SCM.The validity and feasibility of the testing device and method were simultaneously verified through an association test.展开更多
A tracking stability control problem for the vertical electric stabilization system of moving tank based on adaptive robust servo control is addressed.This paper mainly focuses on two types of possibly fast timevaryin...A tracking stability control problem for the vertical electric stabilization system of moving tank based on adaptive robust servo control is addressed.This paper mainly focuses on two types of possibly fast timevarying but bounded uncertainty within the vertical electric stabilization system:model parameter uncertainty and uncertain nonlinearity.First,the vertical electric stabilization system is constructed as an uncertain nonlinear dynamic system that can reflect the practical mechanics transfer process of the system.Second,the dynamical equation in the form of state space is established by designing the angular tracking error.Third,the comprehensive parameter of system uncertainty is designed to estimate the most conservative effects of uncertainty.Finally,an adaptive robust servo control which can effectively handle the combined effects of complex nonlinearity and uncertainty is proposed.The feasibility of the proposed control strategy under the practical physical condition is validated through the tests on the experimental platform.This paper pioneers the introduction of the internal nonlinearity and uncertainty of the vertical electric stabilization system into the settlement of the tracking stability control problem,and validates the advanced servo control strategy through experiment for the first time.展开更多
Through separation of the hexane-heptane–octane system in a cross-wall adiabatic dividing wall column, the effects of feed position, side-draw position, liquid split ratio, vapor split ratio and their interactions on...Through separation of the hexane-heptane–octane system in a cross-wall adiabatic dividing wall column, the effects of feed position, side-draw position, liquid split ratio, vapor split ratio and their interactions on the energy consumption were analyzed by Aspen Plus under the constant product purity, and the response surface model for the energy consumption was regressed. Based on the restriction on the optimal operating zone, the comparison of different combinations of surrogate models and optimization methods showed that, the combination of the Kriging model and multi-island genetic algorithm(Kriging-MIGA) had better prediction ability than the combination of the response surface model and partial derivative method(RSM-PD), and RSM-PD had better optimization effect than Kriging-MIGA. With a self-made cross-wall adiabatic dividing wall column, the temperature at measuring points and the energy consumption were measured during experiments, the comparison between measured values and simulated ones demonstrated that the optimized values of variables searched by RSM-PD and Kriging-MIGA could be both used as the optimum technological conditions since the experimental reliability was ensured, with the optimum technological conditions shown below: The feed position is 6, the side-draw position is 7, the combinations of liquid split ratio and vapor split ratio are [0.14, 0.5] and [0.16, 0.52], respectively. RSM-PD and Kriging-MIGA can provide the appropriate optimization methods for the dividing wall column.展开更多
In order to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind turbine, experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics of the model rotor system and on characterization of a wind generation system is carr...In order to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind turbine, experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics of the model rotor system and on characterization of a wind generation system is carried out. In the test, a thrust-matched rotor system and a geometry-matched rotor system, which utilize redesigned thrustmatched and original geometry-matched blades, respectively, are applied. The 6-MW wind turbine system is introduced briefly. The proper scaling laws for model tests are established in the paper, which are then implemented in the construction of a model wind turbine with optimally designed blades. And the parameters of the model are provided. The aerodynamic characteristics of the proposed 6-MW wind rotor system are explored by testing a 1:65.3 scale model at the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Before carrying out the wind rotor system test, the turbulence intensity and spatial uniformity of the wind generation system are tested and results demonstrate that the characterization of the wind generation system is satisfied and the average turbulence intensity of less than 10% within the wind rotor plane is proved in the test. And then, the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind rotor system are investigated. The response characteristic differences between the thrust-matched rotor system and the geometry-matched rotor system are presented. Results indicate that the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind rotor with the thrust-matched rotor system are satisfied. The conclusion is that the thrust-matched rotor system can better reflect the characteristics of the prototype wind turbine. A set of model test method is proposed in the work and preparations for further model basin test of the 6-MW SPAR-type floating offshore wind turbine system are made.展开更多
基金Financial support for this study was kindly provided by the National Natural Science Foundation Project of China(No.51804246,No.52174202)Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Province(No.2019D01C057)the Youth Talent Promotion Program of Shaanxi University Association for Science and Technology(No.20200425).
文摘Temperature variation and gas generation at diferent depths and positions in the coal combustion process were studied to determine the propagation and evolution of high temperature regions in the process of coal spontaneous combustion.This study selected coal samples from Mengcun,Shaanxi Province,People’s Republic of China,and developed a semi-enclosed experimental system(furnace)for simulating coal combustion.The thermal mass loss of coal samples under various heating rates(5,10,and 15℃/min)was analyzed through thermogravimetric analysis,and the dynamic characteristics of the coal samples were analyzed;the reliability of the semi-enclosed experimental system was verifed through the equal proportional method of fuzzy response.The results reveal that the high-temperature zone is distributed nonlinearly from the middle to the front end of the furnace,and the temperatures of points in this zone decreased gradually as the layer depth increased.The apparent activation energy of the coal samples during combustion frst increased and then decreased as the conversion degree increased.Furthermore,the proportion of mass loss and the mass loss rate in the coal samples observed in the thermogravimetric experiment is consistent with that observed in the frst and second stages of the experiment conducted using the semi-enclosed system.The research fndings can provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of hightemperature zones in coal combustion.
文摘The modeling system of the gas detonation by the human body electrostatic discharge(ESD)in coal mine is developed successfully,and the body’s dynamic ESD model is established.To obtain a gas concentration causes by the explosions most easily in coal mine environment.The results provide an academic and experimental evidence for the safe electrostatic production and management in coal mine.The system adopts 77E58 as control core and the circuit optimized design,to take dual protection to the gas path and circuit of the system,systematic operation is safe and reliable.The experimental results show that the system can be carried out series of experiments of the human body ESD model detonating mixed gas,the measuring accuracy of gas concentration is 0.1%.And draws a conclusion that the gas concentration which causes the explosions most easily is 8.7%,but not the higher gas concentration is,the more explosive is.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.10772032)the Foundation of State Key Lab of Explosion Science and Technology(No.ZDKT08-02-6,and YBKT09-1)
文摘A large-scale experimental for multiphase combustion and explosion study was developed and manufactured. The explosion tank consists of a 2 m diameter, 3.5 m long tube and ellipsoidai dames on both ends. The volume of the experimental tank is 10 ma. Pressure histories of the explosion pressure can be measured at different locations in the tank. High pressure glass windows of 200～300 mm were used to have access to the visualization of the explosion process. The explosion process of methane/air mixture and methane/coal dust/air mixture initiated by a 40 J electric spark at the center of the tank was studied in the large^scale experimental system. Five pressure sonsars were arranged in the tank with different distances from the ignition point. Ton dust dispersion traits were equipped to eject dust into the tank. A high-speed camera system was used to visualize the flame propagation during the explosion process. The characteristics of the pressure wave and flame propagated in methane/air mixtures and methane/coal dust/air mixtures have been
文摘The problems in the vehicle off-road experiment, such as various kinds of expensive instruments and diffi- culty in matching the input and the output signals of the vehicle status which cause useless data acquired. On the basis of considering the test functions and experimental cost, this paper has developed a vehicle off-road experimental system basing on the Labview. This system can complete various kinds of signal acquisition in one experimental sys- tem and automatically restore the data by types. This solves the problem of real time matching between the input and the output signals, making sure that the data won＇t be confused as the experimental increase, so as to level the ex- perimental efficiency and data accuracy. This system has been used to the experiment of some armored vehicles. The analysis of the data has verified the reliability of the system.
基金supported by the Science Foundation for Youths under the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.:41606078 and 41876051)the Research Project of China Geological Survey of the Ministry of Land and Resources“Gas Hydrate Test Technology and Simulation”(No.:DD20160216).
文摘The current natural gas hydrate extraction experimental research has always been carried out in a small-scale simulation test device,and the resulted boundary effect is so obvious due to the small size of samples in the reaction kettle that the experimental results will be difficult to apply in the field.In this paper,an integrated experimental system for drilling and exploitation of gas hydrate is developed innovatively based on the idea of depressurization method and the technological process.This experimental system consists of high-pressure vesselmodule,drilling&extraction module,liquid supply module,gas supply module,confining pressure loading module,back-pressure control module,three-phase separation module,temperature control module,data acquisition module and an operational platform.The hydrate-bearing samples similar to marine hydrate formations were prepared inthe experimental system with the actual geological surroundings simulated.The electrical resistance tomography was used to real-time monitor the dynamic distribution of gas hydrate in sediments inside the high-pressure vessel(521 L).This experimental system can also simulate the process of wellbore drilling in hydrate reservoirs and depressurization extraction,and realize the real-time monitoring of parameters in the whole production process such as gas production,water production,sand production,temperature,pressure,etc.We carried out a preliminary experiment on the CO_(2) hydrate extraction via depressurization by using this experimental system.Fundamental procedures for data acquisition and analysis were established and verified.The variations of temperature and pressure fields and gas/water output behaviors in the reservoirs were both achieved.The results show that(1)the gas and water production rate fluctuate greatly even at a constant backpressure;(2)the reservoir temperature distribution is uneven during hydrate decomposition,and the maximum temperature is decreased by 5℃,suggesting that the hydrate decomposition is heterogeneous and stochastic.The abundant and credible experimental results based on this system are expected to provide important data support for marine gas hydrate production tests.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41274111)the financial support of the National Department Public Benefit Research Foundation of MLR,China(Grant No.201211063-4-1)the One Hundred Talent Program of CAS(Grant No.O931061C01)
文摘Carbon dioxide(CO2) geosequestration in deep saline aquifers has been currently deemed as a preferable and practicable mitigation means for reducing anthropogenic greenhouse gases(GHGs) emissions to the atmosphere, as deep saline aquifers can offer the greatest potential from a capacity point of view. Hence,research on core-scale CO2/brine multiphase migration processes is of great significance for precisely estimating storage efficiency, ensuring storage security, and predicting the long-term effects of the sequestered CO2in subsurface saline aquifers. This review article initially presents a brief description of the essential aspects of CO2subsurface transport and geological trapping mechanisms, and then outlines the state-of-the-art laboratory core flooding experimental apparatus that has been adopted for simulating CO2injection and migration processes in the literature over the past decade. Finally, a summary of the characteristics, components and applications of publicly reported core flooding equipment as well as major research gaps and areas in need of further study are given in relevance to laboratory-scale core flooding experiments in CO2geosequestration under reservoir conditions.
基金the the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB1004901)the Independent Innovation Team Project of Jinan City(No.2019GXRC013).
文摘At present,most experimental teaching systems lack guidance of an operator,and thus users often do not know what to do during an experiment.The user load is therefore increased,and the learning efficiency of the students is decreased.To solve the problem of insufficient system interactivity and guidance,an experimental navigation system based on multi-mode fusion is proposed in this paper.The system first obtains user information by sensing the hardware devices,intelligently perceives the user intention and progress of the experiment according to the information acquired,and finally carries out a multi-modal intelligent navigation process for users.As an innovative aspect of this study,an intelligent multi-mode navigation system is used to guide users in conducting experiments,thereby reducing the user load and enabling the users to effectively complete their experiments.The results prove that this system can guide users in completing their experiments,and can effectively reduce the user load during the interaction process and improve the efficiency.
基金supported by Basic and Applied Basic research foundation of Guangdong province(Nos.2021A1515010343 and 2022A1515011582)the Science and Technology Program of Guangdong Province(Nos.2021A0505030026 and 2022A0505050029).
文摘In the scenario of a steam generator tube rupture accident in a lead-cooled fast reactor,secondary circuit subcooled water under high pressure is injected into an ordinary-pressure primary vessel,where a molten lead-based alloy(typically pure lead or lead-bismuth eutectic(LBE))is used as the coolant.To clarify the pressure build-up characteristics under water-jet injection,this study conducted several experiments by injecting pressurized water into a molten LBE pool at Sun Yat-sen University.To obtain a further understanding,several new experimental parameters were adopted,including the melt temperature,water subcooling,injection pressure,injection duration,and nozzle diameter.Through detailed analyses,it was found that the pressure and temperature during the water-melt interaction exhibited a consistent variation trend with our previous water-droplet injection mode LBE experiment.Similarly,the existence of a steam explosion was confirmed,which typically results in a much stronger pressure build-up.For the non-explosion cases,increasing the injection pressure,melt-pool temperature,nozzle diameter,and water subcooling promoted pressure build-up in the melt pool.However,a limited enhancement effect was observed when increasing the injection duration,which may be owing to the continually rising pressure in the interaction vessel or the isolation effect of the generated steam cavity.Regardless of whether a steam explosion occurred,the calculated mechanical and kinetic energy conversion efficiencies of the melt were relatively small(not exceeding 4.1%and 0.7%,respectively).Moreover,the range of the conversion efficiency was similar to that of previous water-droplet experiments,although the upper limit of the jet mode was slightly lower.
基金Supported by Major Project of School-level Teaching Reform and Research of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine(2022A006)。
文摘In comparison with conventional experimental teaching methods,the implementation of the Motic digital microscope mutual system in the experimental teaching of medicinal botany has been demonstrated to be a highly efficacious approach to enhance the teaching level of experimental courses in medicinal botany.The implementation of a digital microscope mutual system in experimental teaching not only enhances students practical skills in laboratory operations but also increases classroom efficiency.Furthermore,it supports personalized development among students while fostering innovative thinking,independent learning capabilities,and analysis and problem-solving skills.Additionally,this approach contributes to the enhancement of students scientific literacy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82274313)Projects of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2022-SLRH-YQ-010)Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology.
文摘Background:QiShenYiQi(QSYQ)is commonly accepted to treat ischemic stroke(IS)in clinical settings,yet the underlying mechanism of action of QSYQ is largely unknown.Methods:By combining systems pharmacology with experimental assessment,we examined the key targets,bioactive components,and mechanisms of QSYQ against IS.Results:Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform predicted a total number of 254 targets that were potentially related to QSYQ,whereas 699 targets associated with IS were gathered from Therapeutic Target Database,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database,Gene Cards,Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man,and National Center for Biotechnology Information databases,and 83 of these targets overlap with QSYQ-related targets.Importantly,through the analysis of Gene Ontology functional annotation,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment,and protein-protein interaction network,we identified 20 related signaling pathways along with 4 hub genes.Subsequently,our molecular docking results revealed that QSYQ might interact with PTGS2,PTGS1,SCN5A,and HSP90AB1.We observed dose-dependent beneficial effects of QSYQ in significantly improving neurological function and alleviating histopathological damage in middle cerebral artery occlusion model,while decreasing infarct volume.Notablely,QSYQ markedly downregulates tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and interleukin-1 beta.Overall,this study demonstrates the synergetic effects of QSYQ on regulating multi-targets in IS through inhibiting inflammatory processes and neuronal apoptosis,these findings may expand the understanding of QSYQ and provide guidance for its clinical application in treating IS.Conclusion:Current study reveals the protective roles of QSYQ against IS through modulating PTGS2/PTGS1/SCN5A/HSP90AB1 and TNF signaling pathways.
基金supported by grants from National High-Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding(2023-GSP-RC-04).
文摘This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility,safety,and efficacy of a noveltranscatheter suture closure system(HaloStitch^(®))for patent foramen ovale(PFO)closure in a swine model.Methods:Thirteen swine underwentexperimental PF0 model creation.All animals received implantationof the transcatheter suture closure system to evaluate procedural success.Comprehensive follow-up over sixmonths included serial ultrasound imaging,histopathological analysis,and gross anatomical exaninationof cardiac specimens.Results:Successful HaloStitch^(®)device implantation was adhieved in 11 of 13 swine.Gross anatomical examination confirrned secure positioning of all sutures in the atrial septum,with noredundancy or thrombus formation.Postoperative ultrasound demonstrated stable suture and staplepositions throughout follow-up,with no evidence of suture breakage,displacement,or thrombus.Stapleswere clearly visualized under ultrasound imaging,Both the atrial septal defect orifice diameter and residualseptal shunt flow velocity decreased significantly during the observation period.Histopathological analysisrevealed partially organized thrombi at the implant head and fibrous connective tissue encapsulation withlocalized inflammatory cell infiltration surrounding the polymer material.Conclsions:The transcathetersuture closure system(HaloStitch^(®))demonstrated feasibility,safety,and biocompatib ility for PFO closure ina swine model,supporting its potential for clinical translation.
文摘Experimental therapies targeting immune and stromal cells,such as mast cells,cancer-associated fibroblasts,dendritic cells,and tumor endothelial cells,in the treatment of gastrointestinal solid tumors pose new and complex surgical and medico-legal challenges.These innovative treatments require that informed consent not be limited to simple acceptance of the medical procedure,but instead reflect a true relational and cognitive process grounded in understanding,free choice,and the ability to revoke consent at any time.In particular,it is essential that the patient understands the experimental nature of the therapy,its development stage,potential benefits and risks,as well as the implications for their health and personal dignity.In the case of stromal cell-based treatments,which may exert complex immunomodulatory effects or activate angiogenic pathways that are not yet fully understood,patients must be made fully aware that they are participating in a non-standardized therapy whose outcomes,whether beneficial or harmful,cannot yet be predicted with certainty.This requires particularly careful medical communication,using simple yet scientifically accurate explanations delivered in appropriate language,along with a final verification of the patient’s actual understanding.
基金This work was supported by the Traditional Chinese Medical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province(No.2019ZA063)the Scientific Research Fund of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University(No.2019ZY09),China.
文摘The present study was conducted to clarify the therapeutic effect of cornuside on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis(EAE)and its influence on T helper 17(Th17)cell and regulatory T(Treg)cell infiltration into the central nervous system.Rats were randomly placed into four treatment groups:control,EAE,EAE+cornuside,and EAE+prednisolone.The neurological function scores of rats were assessed daily.On the second day after EAE rats began to show neurological deficit symptoms,the four groups were treated with normal saline,normal saline,cornuside(150 mg/kg),and prednisolone(5 mg/kg),respectively.The treatment was discontinued after two weeks,and the spinal cord was obtained for hematoxylin and eosin(H&E)and luxol fast blue staining,as well as retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptorγ(RORγ)and forkhead box protein P3(Foxp3)immunohistochemical staining.Blood was collected for Th17 and Treg cell flow cytometry testing,and the serum levels of interleukin(IL)-17A,IL-10,transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β),IL-6,IL-23,and IL-2 were measured via enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Compared with rats in the EAE group,rats in the EAE+cornuside and EAE+prednisolone groups began to recover from neurological deficits earlier,and had a greater degree of improvement of symptoms.Focal inflammation,demyelination,and RORγ-positive cell infiltration were reduced by cornuside or prednisolone treatment,whereas the Foxp3-positive cell numbers were not significantly different.Meanwhile,the number of Th17 cells and the IL-17A,IL-6,and IL-23 levels were lower in the blood after cornuside or prednisolone treatment,whereas the number of Treg cells or the levels of IL-10,TGF-β,and IL-2 were not markedly different.Cornuside can alleviate symptoms of EAE neurological deficits through its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects,and Th17 cells may be one of its therapeutic targets.
文摘Bajiaolian, one of the species in the Mayapple family ( Podophyllum pelatum ), has been widely used as a traditional Chinese herbal medicine for the remedies of snake bites, general weakness, poisons, condyloma accuminata, lymphadenopathy, and certain tumors in China. In Western medicine, Podophyllum was first used medically as a laxative in the early 19th century. Since 1940, the resin of podophyllum has also been used topically for various skin lesions, such as warts and condyloma. Human poisonings have been reported.An animal model was established to investigate the neurotoxic effects of Bajiaolian. Podophyllotoxin, the major active ingredient in Podophyllum, was injected (ip) to young adult male rats at doses of 0, 5, 10, or 15 mg-kg-1 b.w.. The animals were sacrificed 72 h after injection.Neuronal changes were readily observable in animals treated with 10 or 15 mg-kg-1 of the toxin. Edematous changes of the anterior horn motoneurons were observed in the spinal cord. No neuronal necrosis was found. The type of neuronal swelling is believed to be only a transient change and would probably subside with time if no further assaults occur. More serious and perhaps longer term of changes were found in the dorsal ganglion neurons and the nerve fibers (axons) in the central and peripheral nervous system. Severe depletion of the Nissl substance (RNA/polyribosomes) was observed in the dorsal root ganglion neurons. Alterations in these sensory neurons would give rise to and correlate with the sensory disturbances experienced by the patients. Bodian staining also revealed a dose-related increase in the coarseness (thickness) of the nerve fibers (axons) in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, brainstem, and spinal cord.This is the first scientific study showing the neurotoxicity of Bajiaolian, a commonly used Chinese herbal medicine. Toxicities on other organ systems by this drug certainly exist. Caution should be exercised in the dispensing and usage of this medicine.
文摘Aim To design and experimentally study an 80C196KC-based SRD (switched re- luctance motor drive drive sytem) controller,Methods with the guidelines of the digitized SRD system controller,the circuit design and software programming were completed,and a relevantexperimental system was PUT forward to test the newly designed controller.Result The experi-mental study showed that the newlydesigned controller had good speed-adjusting characteristicfor a switched reluctance motor ,its stable error was less than 5% and its full-load startingtime was shorter than 1.8s .Conclusion The new controller has reasonable circuit design and suitable controlling algorithm,and it is a feasible SRD system controller design scheme.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51479207 and 51179198)the High Technology Marine Scientific Research Project of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of China(Grant No.[2012]534)
文摘The hydrodynamic performance of a hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was studied by RANS method with SST k ？？ turbulence model and sliding mesh. The effect of axial spacing on the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was investigated numerically and experimentally. It shows that RANS with the sliding mesh method and SST k -ω turbulence model predicts accurately the hydrodynamic performance of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system. The axial spacing has little influence on the hydrodynamic performance of the forward propeller, but great influence on that of the pod unit. Thrust coefficient of the pod unit declines with the increase of the axial spacing, but the trend becomes weaker, and the decreasing amplitude at the lower advance coefficient is larger than that at the higher advance coefficient. The thrust coefficient and open water efficiency of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system decrease with the increase of the axial spacing, while the torque coefficient keeps almost constant. On this basis, the design principle of axial spacing of the hybrid CRP pod propulsion system was proposed.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFC0310500)High-Tech Ship Research Projects sponsored by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology(2018GXB01)Yantai City school land integration development project(2019XDRHXMPT29)research and development and test platform of underwater production system。
文摘As a core part of subsea production systems,subsea control modules(SCMs)are costly,difficult,and expensive to install and inconvenient to use in underwater maintenance.Therefore,performance and function tests must be carried out before launching SCMs.This study developed a testing device and an SCM test by investigating SCMs and their underwater.The testing device includes four parts:a hydraulic station,an SCM test stand,a signal generating device,and an electronic test unit.First,the basic indices of the testing device were determined from the performance and working parameters of the SCM.Second,the design scheme of the testing device for the SCM was tentatively proposed,and each testing device was designed.Finally,a practical measurement of the SCM,in combination with the hydraulic station,SCM test stand,signal generator,electronic unit,and highpressure water tank,was carried out according to the test requirements.The measurement mainly involved equipment inspection before testing and an experimental test for the SCM.The validity and feasibility of the testing device and method were simultaneously verified through an association test.
基金supported in part by the Nation Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.52175099China Postdoctoral Science Foundation under Grant No.2020M671494Jiangsu Planned Projects for Postdoctoral Research Funds under Grant No.2020Z179。
文摘A tracking stability control problem for the vertical electric stabilization system of moving tank based on adaptive robust servo control is addressed.This paper mainly focuses on two types of possibly fast timevarying but bounded uncertainty within the vertical electric stabilization system:model parameter uncertainty and uncertain nonlinearity.First,the vertical electric stabilization system is constructed as an uncertain nonlinear dynamic system that can reflect the practical mechanics transfer process of the system.Second,the dynamical equation in the form of state space is established by designing the angular tracking error.Third,the comprehensive parameter of system uncertainty is designed to estimate the most conservative effects of uncertainty.Finally,an adaptive robust servo control which can effectively handle the combined effects of complex nonlinearity and uncertainty is proposed.The feasibility of the proposed control strategy under the practical physical condition is validated through the tests on the experimental platform.This paper pioneers the introduction of the internal nonlinearity and uncertainty of the vertical electric stabilization system into the settlement of the tracking stability control problem,and validates the advanced servo control strategy through experiment for the first time.
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21306036)
文摘Through separation of the hexane-heptane–octane system in a cross-wall adiabatic dividing wall column, the effects of feed position, side-draw position, liquid split ratio, vapor split ratio and their interactions on the energy consumption were analyzed by Aspen Plus under the constant product purity, and the response surface model for the energy consumption was regressed. Based on the restriction on the optimal operating zone, the comparison of different combinations of surrogate models and optimization methods showed that, the combination of the Kriging model and multi-island genetic algorithm(Kriging-MIGA) had better prediction ability than the combination of the response surface model and partial derivative method(RSM-PD), and RSM-PD had better optimization effect than Kriging-MIGA. With a self-made cross-wall adiabatic dividing wall column, the temperature at measuring points and the energy consumption were measured during experiments, the comparison between measured values and simulated ones demonstrated that the optimized values of variables searched by RSM-PD and Kriging-MIGA could be both used as the optimum technological conditions since the experimental reliability was ensured, with the optimum technological conditions shown below: The feed position is 6, the side-draw position is 7, the combinations of liquid split ratio and vapor split ratio are [0.14, 0.5] and [0.16, 0.52], respectively. RSM-PD and Kriging-MIGA can provide the appropriate optimization methods for the dividing wall column.
基金financially supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program,Grant No.2014CB046205)
文摘In order to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind turbine, experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics of the model rotor system and on characterization of a wind generation system is carried out. In the test, a thrust-matched rotor system and a geometry-matched rotor system, which utilize redesigned thrustmatched and original geometry-matched blades, respectively, are applied. The 6-MW wind turbine system is introduced briefly. The proper scaling laws for model tests are established in the paper, which are then implemented in the construction of a model wind turbine with optimally designed blades. And the parameters of the model are provided. The aerodynamic characteristics of the proposed 6-MW wind rotor system are explored by testing a 1:65.3 scale model at the State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Before carrying out the wind rotor system test, the turbulence intensity and spatial uniformity of the wind generation system are tested and results demonstrate that the characterization of the wind generation system is satisfied and the average turbulence intensity of less than 10% within the wind rotor plane is proved in the test. And then, the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind rotor system are investigated. The response characteristic differences between the thrust-matched rotor system and the geometry-matched rotor system are presented. Results indicate that the aerodynamic characteristics of 6-MW wind rotor with the thrust-matched rotor system are satisfied. The conclusion is that the thrust-matched rotor system can better reflect the characteristics of the prototype wind turbine. A set of model test method is proposed in the work and preparations for further model basin test of the 6-MW SPAR-type floating offshore wind turbine system are made.
