The recent experiment results of the HL-2A tokamak are presented in this paper. Up to now, the stable and reproducible discharges with divertor configuration have been obtained under the main plasma parameters of Ip=4...The recent experiment results of the HL-2A tokamak are presented in this paper. Up to now, the stable and reproducible discharges with divertor configuration have been obtained under the main plasma parameters of Ip=433 kA, BT=2.70 T, ne-6.0×10^19 m^-3 and the discharge duration -3.0 s, using the reliable feedback control. Siliconization is the normal wall conditioning method on HL-2A. The impurity concentration and radiated power can be obviously suppressed after siliconization. Advanced scenario with weak positive/negative current shear, calculated by TRANSP codes using experimental data, is achieved by the central fuelling of the pellet injection. The supersonic molecular beam injection （SMBI） with liquid nitrogen temperature gas is used. It is proved that the low temperature SMBI can form the hydrogen cluster and penetrate into plasma more deeply and efficiently. The particle diffusion coefficient is obtained as 0.5 - 1.5 m^2/s at plasma peripheral area. The symmetries （m = 0- 1, n = 0） of the directly measured low frequency （7 -9 kHz ） electric potential and field are simultaneously observed for the first time by a novel designed Langmuir probe system. The impurity diffusion coefficient and convection velocity are determined by using laser blow-off system and transport code. In disruption studies, a new criterion for disruption prediction is given according to the MHD activity features and statistic analysis, and the plasma current quench time increases from about 5 ms to 20 ms with noble gas injection. The sawtooth character in on-axis ECRH experiment is investigated, and a persistent m= 1 oscillation induced by SMBI and pellet injection is found to be a thermal fluctuation instead of magnetic island. The detachment characteristics of HL-2A divertor are numerically and experimentally studied using code SOLPS5.0 and measured data. The long divertor legs and thin divertor throats in HL-2A pose MHD shaping problems resulting in momentum losses even at low densities and strongly enhanced main chamber losses.展开更多
Three logarithmic linear equations between D_(Me)^(V/L) and [m_(NaCl)], and the relationship of D_(Me)^(V/L) versus F/Cl or K/Na mole ratios have been established by the experiments of the partitioning of Pb and Zn be...Three logarithmic linear equations between D_(Me)^(V/L) and [m_(NaCl)], and the relationship of D_(Me)^(V/L) versus F/Cl or K/Na mole ratios have been established by the experiments of the partitioning of Pb and Zn between granitic silicate melt and aqueous fluid. These results have been used to quantitatively study some essential problems, such as the possibility and degree of Pb-Zn mineralization in the system of granitic magma and hydrothermal fluid, and the influence of the relative contents of alkali and volatiles on the Pb-Zn mineralization in the same system. Some new points have been put forward in this paper.展开更多
In this paper the main sources causing the scatter of the experimental results of the material parameters are discussed. They can be divided into two parts: one is the experimental errors which are introduced because ...In this paper the main sources causing the scatter of the experimental results of the material parameters are discussed. They can be divided into two parts: one is the experimental errors which are introduced because of the inaccuracy of experimental equipment, the experimental techniques, etc., and the form of the scatter caused by this source is called external distribution. The other is due to the irregularity and inhomogeneity of the material structure and the randomness of deformation process. The scatter caused by this source is inherent and then this form of the scatter is called internal distribution. Obviously the experimental distribution of material parameters combines these two distributions in some way; therefore, it is a sum distribution of the external distribution and the internal distribution. In view of this , a general method used to analyse the influence of the experimental errors on the experimental results is presented, and three criteria used to value this influence are defined. An example in which the fracture toughness KIC is analysed shows that this method is reasonable, convenient and effective.展开更多
On May 12,2008,an Mw7.9 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County,Sichuan Province,China.Movement of Yingxiu–Beichuan Fault in the Longmenshan Fault Zone was considered to be the main cause of the earthquake.Earthquakes...On May 12,2008,an Mw7.9 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County,Sichuan Province,China.Movement of Yingxiu–Beichuan Fault in the Longmenshan Fault Zone was considered to be the main cause of the earthquake.Earthquakes are closely related to fault activities.Therefore,studying the strain distribution and evolution process around active fault zones is important to the understanding of seismic activities.In this study,we conduct laboratory experiments with uniaxial compression applied to marble sheets with intentionally fabricated cracks.The speckle patterns of the rock samples under different loading conditions are recorded in real time by a digital camera.To calculate the deformation fields of the deliberately cracked marble sheets during different stages of the loading processes,the recorded images are processed by the digital image correlation method.The distribution and variation of the displacement and strain are further analyzed in order to understand the strain localization of and observed damage in the experimental fracture zones.Finally,we compare these laboratory results with the GPS-observed coseismic displacements during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,to assess the consistency between our laboratory observations and the field observations of the earthquake,but also to suggest how laboratory results can improve thinking about how earthquake patterns do and do not reflect fault patterns.展开更多
Recent experimental results of the Doppler effect formula verification are reported. The moving emitters are hydrogen atoms in the excited state. The results of the work corroborate the classical not the relativistic,...Recent experimental results of the Doppler effect formula verification are reported. The moving emitters are hydrogen atoms in the excited state. The results of the work corroborate the classical not the relativistic,formula for the Doppler effect.展开更多
文摘The recent experiment results of the HL-2A tokamak are presented in this paper. Up to now, the stable and reproducible discharges with divertor configuration have been obtained under the main plasma parameters of Ip=433 kA, BT=2.70 T, ne-6.0×10^19 m^-3 and the discharge duration -3.0 s, using the reliable feedback control. Siliconization is the normal wall conditioning method on HL-2A. The impurity concentration and radiated power can be obviously suppressed after siliconization. Advanced scenario with weak positive/negative current shear, calculated by TRANSP codes using experimental data, is achieved by the central fuelling of the pellet injection. The supersonic molecular beam injection （SMBI） with liquid nitrogen temperature gas is used. It is proved that the low temperature SMBI can form the hydrogen cluster and penetrate into plasma more deeply and efficiently. The particle diffusion coefficient is obtained as 0.5 - 1.5 m^2/s at plasma peripheral area. The symmetries （m = 0- 1, n = 0） of the directly measured low frequency （7 -9 kHz ） electric potential and field are simultaneously observed for the first time by a novel designed Langmuir probe system. The impurity diffusion coefficient and convection velocity are determined by using laser blow-off system and transport code. In disruption studies, a new criterion for disruption prediction is given according to the MHD activity features and statistic analysis, and the plasma current quench time increases from about 5 ms to 20 ms with noble gas injection. The sawtooth character in on-axis ECRH experiment is investigated, and a persistent m= 1 oscillation induced by SMBI and pellet injection is found to be a thermal fluctuation instead of magnetic island. The detachment characteristics of HL-2A divertor are numerically and experimentally studied using code SOLPS5.0 and measured data. The long divertor legs and thin divertor throats in HL-2A pose MHD shaping problems resulting in momentum losses even at low densities and strongly enhanced main chamber losses.
文摘Three logarithmic linear equations between D_(Me)^(V/L) and [m_(NaCl)], and the relationship of D_(Me)^(V/L) versus F/Cl or K/Na mole ratios have been established by the experiments of the partitioning of Pb and Zn between granitic silicate melt and aqueous fluid. These results have been used to quantitatively study some essential problems, such as the possibility and degree of Pb-Zn mineralization in the system of granitic magma and hydrothermal fluid, and the influence of the relative contents of alkali and volatiles on the Pb-Zn mineralization in the same system. Some new points have been put forward in this paper.
文摘In this paper the main sources causing the scatter of the experimental results of the material parameters are discussed. They can be divided into two parts: one is the experimental errors which are introduced because of the inaccuracy of experimental equipment, the experimental techniques, etc., and the form of the scatter caused by this source is called external distribution. The other is due to the irregularity and inhomogeneity of the material structure and the randomness of deformation process. The scatter caused by this source is inherent and then this form of the scatter is called internal distribution. Obviously the experimental distribution of material parameters combines these two distributions in some way; therefore, it is a sum distribution of the external distribution and the internal distribution. In view of this , a general method used to analyse the influence of the experimental errors on the experimental results is presented, and three criteria used to value this influence are defined. An example in which the fracture toughness KIC is analysed shows that this method is reasonable, convenient and effective.
文摘On May 12,2008,an Mw7.9 earthquake occurred in Wenchuan County,Sichuan Province,China.Movement of Yingxiu–Beichuan Fault in the Longmenshan Fault Zone was considered to be the main cause of the earthquake.Earthquakes are closely related to fault activities.Therefore,studying the strain distribution and evolution process around active fault zones is important to the understanding of seismic activities.In this study,we conduct laboratory experiments with uniaxial compression applied to marble sheets with intentionally fabricated cracks.The speckle patterns of the rock samples under different loading conditions are recorded in real time by a digital camera.To calculate the deformation fields of the deliberately cracked marble sheets during different stages of the loading processes,the recorded images are processed by the digital image correlation method.The distribution and variation of the displacement and strain are further analyzed in order to understand the strain localization of and observed damage in the experimental fracture zones.Finally,we compare these laboratory results with the GPS-observed coseismic displacements during the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake,to assess the consistency between our laboratory observations and the field observations of the earthquake,but also to suggest how laboratory results can improve thinking about how earthquake patterns do and do not reflect fault patterns.
文摘Recent experimental results of the Doppler effect formula verification are reported. The moving emitters are hydrogen atoms in the excited state. The results of the work corroborate the classical not the relativistic,formula for the Doppler effect.
