Electrochemically switched ion exchange(ESIX)is an effective technology for extracting high-valueadded ions from dilute solutions.This study focuses on Li^(+)extraction by employing a comprehensive model to analyze in...Electrochemically switched ion exchange(ESIX)is an effective technology for extracting high-valueadded ions from dilute solutions.This study focuses on Li^(+)extraction by employing a comprehensive model to analyze interaction between fluidic dynamics,electric field and ion transport.The model combines Butler-Volmer equation modified by electroactive site concentration,Nernst-Planck equation and Navier-Stokes equation.It is found that the chamber width affects solution phase resistance,thereby altering the pote ntial distribution and influencing the current distribution within the membrane.A narrow chamber increases current density in the solid phase of the membrane,enhancing Li^(+) extraction.The solution flow-field not only enhances convective transport but also increases the current density in the solid phase,promoting Li^(+) extraction.There is a synergistic effect between fluid-flow-field and electric-field for ion separation,which is only significant when the chamber width is greater than 2 mm.The synergistic mechanism differs from that in the capacitive deionization system.Therefore,the performance decline caused by a wide chamber can be compensated for by increasing the fluid-flow rate,utilizing the synergistic effect between the flu id-flow-field and electric-field to optimize the lithium extraction efficiency in the ESIX system.展开更多
Nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) film was synthesized on porous three-dimensional carbon felt (PTCF) substrate by repetitious batch chemical depositions, and the NiHCF/PTCF electrode was used as electrochemically switc...Nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) film was synthesized on porous three-dimensional carbon felt (PTCF) substrate by repetitious batch chemical depositions, and the NiHCF/PTCF electrode was used as electrochemically switched ion exchange (ESIX) electrode in a packed bed for continuous separation for cesium ions. The morphologies of the prepared electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the effects of solution concentration on the ion-exchange capacity of the electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry technique. Cycling stability and long-term storage stability of NiHCF/PTCF electrodes were also studied. The NiHCF/PTCF electrodes with excellent ion-exchange ability were used to assemble a diaphragm-isolated ESIX reactor for cesium separation. Continuous separation of cesium and regeneration of NiHCF/PTCF electrode based on the diaphragm-isolated reactor were performed in a laboratory-scale two-electrode system.展开更多
Exchange bias(EB)in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic materials is a novel idea for high-density spintronic devices.Van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures offer a promising solution,enabling a“Lego”like assembly without i...Exchange bias(EB)in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic materials is a novel idea for high-density spintronic devices.Van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures offer a promising solution,enabling a“Lego”like assembly without interface or adding dopants,opposite to traditional heterostructures.However,in typical vdW heterostructures,the EB effect exists at low temperatures and only one polarity.This work addresses these challenges by using Fe_(3)GaTe_(2)/NiPS_(3) heterostructures whose EB can survive at higher temperatures and polarities flip.The exchange bias(EB)of the device persists up to 150 K and can have its polarity reversed by altering the stacking direction during fabrication.Simultaneously,an anomalous Hall effect(A_(HE))with a coercive field of approximately 0.9 T is observed at 5 K and remains detectable up to 300 K.The device further shows the spin-orbit torque(SOT)-induced magnetization switching up to room temperature.Under low field-cooling conditions(e.g.,≥2 mT),we observe an EB field(HEB)up to 1 mT,which reached 110 mT at 1.5 T.HEB becomes zero above 150 K,showing a non-discernible EB effect,whereas the A_(HE) persists up to room temperature.Similarly,in the Fe_(3)GaTe_(2)/NiPS_(3) and NiPS_(3)/Fe_(3)GaTe_(2),different stacking layers at the interface induce the net magnetic effect and flip the magnetization direction due to magnetic domains at the Fe_(3)GaTe_(2) layer.The results show that strong interlayer coupling within these layers generates significant A_(HE) and high HEB with blocking temperatures up to 150 K,making it suitable for the new 2D spintronic device applications.展开更多
A nickel hexacyanoferrate(NiHCF)film electrode was prepared with NiHCF,conductive carbon black,and polyvinylidene difluoride,which was coated on graphite plate substrate for selective extraction of Cs^(+)ions by using...A nickel hexacyanoferrate(NiHCF)film electrode was prepared with NiHCF,conductive carbon black,and polyvinylidene difluoride,which was coated on graphite plate substrate for selective extraction of Cs^(+)ions by using electrochemically switched ion exchange(ESIX)technology.A potential-responsive ionpump system for efficient extraction of Cs+ions was designed,and the effect of wet film thicknesses,charging modes,flow rates,and chamber widths on Cs+ions extraction performance was investigated.In the system,the adsorption capacity and removal percentage of Cs^(+)ions on the NiHCF film electrode reached as high as 147.69 mg·g^(-1)and 92.47%,respectively.Furthermore,the NiHCF film electrode showed high selectivity for Cs^(+)ions and stability.After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption,the desorption percentage could reach about 100%.The excellent Cs^(+)extraction performance should be attributed to the strong driving force produced by the potential-responsive ion-pumping effect in the ESIX process,as well as the low ion transfer resistance of the film electrode which is caused by the special crystal structure of NiHCF.In addition,the NiHCF film electrode was implemented to work together with the bismuth oxybromide(BiOBr)film electrode to accomplish the simultaneous extraction of Cs^(+)and Br^(-).And the adsorption capacity and removal percentage of Br^(-)ions on the BiOBr film electrode reached 69.53 mg·g^(-1)and 77.32%,correspondingly.It is expected that such a potential-responsive ion-pump system based on NiHCF and BiOBr film electrodes could be used for the selective extraction and concentration of Cs^(+)and Br^(-)ions from salt lake brine.展开更多
Powdery Li^(+)-imprinted manganese oxides adsorbent was widely used to the recovery of Li^(+),but there are some difficulties,such as poor stability in acid solution,inconvenience of operation and separation.In this w...Powdery Li^(+)-imprinted manganese oxides adsorbent was widely used to the recovery of Li^(+),but there are some difficulties,such as poor stability in acid solution,inconvenience of operation and separation.In this work,a useful hydrogel composite based H_(4)Mn_(3.5)Ti_(1.5)O_(12)/reduced graphene oxide/polyacrylamide(HMTO-rGO/PAM)was fabricated by thermal initiation method with promising stable,conductive and selective properties.The resulting materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope,infrared absorption spectrum,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques.The recovery of Li^(+)was investigated using HMTO-rGO/PAM from brine by a separated two-stage sorption statically and electrically switched ion exchange desorption process.The adsorption capacity of 51.5 mg·g^(-1)could be achieved with an initial Li^(+)concentration of 200 mg·L^(-1)in pH 10,at 45℃for 12 h.Li^(+)ions could be quickly desorbed by cyclic voltammetry(CV)in pH 3,0.1 mol·L^(-1)HCl/NH;Cl accompanying the exchange of Li^(+)and H+(NH;)and the transfer of LMTO-rGO/PAM to HMTO-rGO/PAM.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22378285,92475117 and U21A20303)。
文摘Electrochemically switched ion exchange(ESIX)is an effective technology for extracting high-valueadded ions from dilute solutions.This study focuses on Li^(+)extraction by employing a comprehensive model to analyze interaction between fluidic dynamics,electric field and ion transport.The model combines Butler-Volmer equation modified by electroactive site concentration,Nernst-Planck equation and Navier-Stokes equation.It is found that the chamber width affects solution phase resistance,thereby altering the pote ntial distribution and influencing the current distribution within the membrane.A narrow chamber increases current density in the solid phase of the membrane,enhancing Li^(+) extraction.The solution flow-field not only enhances convective transport but also increases the current density in the solid phase,promoting Li^(+) extraction.There is a synergistic effect between fluid-flow-field and electric-field for ion separation,which is only significant when the chamber width is greater than 2 mm.The synergistic mechanism differs from that in the capacitive deionization system.Therefore,the performance decline caused by a wide chamber can be compensated for by increasing the fluid-flow rate,utilizing the synergistic effect between the flu id-flow-field and electric-field to optimize the lithium extraction efficiency in the ESIX system.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21276173)the National Science Foundation of Shanxi Province (2012011020-5, 2012011006-1)the International Joint Research Project of Shanxi Province (2011081028)
文摘Nickel hexacyanoferrate (NiHCF) film was synthesized on porous three-dimensional carbon felt (PTCF) substrate by repetitious batch chemical depositions, and the NiHCF/PTCF electrode was used as electrochemically switched ion exchange (ESIX) electrode in a packed bed for continuous separation for cesium ions. The morphologies of the prepared electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the effects of solution concentration on the ion-exchange capacity of the electrodes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry technique. Cycling stability and long-term storage stability of NiHCF/PTCF electrodes were also studied. The NiHCF/PTCF electrodes with excellent ion-exchange ability were used to assemble a diaphragm-isolated ESIX reactor for cesium separation. Continuous separation of cesium and regeneration of NiHCF/PTCF electrode based on the diaphragm-isolated reactor were performed in a laboratory-scale two-electrode system.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:5221101553,T2394475Key R&D Projects in Anhui Province,Grant/Award Number:2022i01020012+8 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hefei,Grant/Award Number:2022039Excellent Research and Innovation Team Project of Anhui Province,Grant/Award Number:2022AH010001Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:4232070International Mobility Project,Grant/Award Number:B16001Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation,Grant/Award Number:GBMF9461US DOE,Grant/Award Number:DOE/BES DE-FG-02-05ER46200Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University,Grant/Award Number:RGP-2/712/46National Science and Technology Major Project,Grant/Award Number:2025ZD0613804Hefei Zhongke Kele New Materials Co.Ltd.,Grant/Award Number:2024340104003776。
文摘Exchange bias(EB)in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic materials is a novel idea for high-density spintronic devices.Van der Waals(vdW)heterostructures offer a promising solution,enabling a“Lego”like assembly without interface or adding dopants,opposite to traditional heterostructures.However,in typical vdW heterostructures,the EB effect exists at low temperatures and only one polarity.This work addresses these challenges by using Fe_(3)GaTe_(2)/NiPS_(3) heterostructures whose EB can survive at higher temperatures and polarities flip.The exchange bias(EB)of the device persists up to 150 K and can have its polarity reversed by altering the stacking direction during fabrication.Simultaneously,an anomalous Hall effect(A_(HE))with a coercive field of approximately 0.9 T is observed at 5 K and remains detectable up to 300 K.The device further shows the spin-orbit torque(SOT)-induced magnetization switching up to room temperature.Under low field-cooling conditions(e.g.,≥2 mT),we observe an EB field(HEB)up to 1 mT,which reached 110 mT at 1.5 T.HEB becomes zero above 150 K,showing a non-discernible EB effect,whereas the A_(HE) persists up to room temperature.Similarly,in the Fe_(3)GaTe_(2)/NiPS_(3) and NiPS_(3)/Fe_(3)GaTe_(2),different stacking layers at the interface induce the net magnetic effect and flip the magnetization direction due to magnetic domains at the Fe_(3)GaTe_(2) layer.The results show that strong interlayer coupling within these layers generates significant A_(HE) and high HEB with blocking temperatures up to 150 K,making it suitable for the new 2D spintronic device applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22108188,U21A20303,U20A20141)CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-039)。
文摘A nickel hexacyanoferrate(NiHCF)film electrode was prepared with NiHCF,conductive carbon black,and polyvinylidene difluoride,which was coated on graphite plate substrate for selective extraction of Cs^(+)ions by using electrochemically switched ion exchange(ESIX)technology.A potential-responsive ionpump system for efficient extraction of Cs+ions was designed,and the effect of wet film thicknesses,charging modes,flow rates,and chamber widths on Cs+ions extraction performance was investigated.In the system,the adsorption capacity and removal percentage of Cs^(+)ions on the NiHCF film electrode reached as high as 147.69 mg·g^(-1)and 92.47%,respectively.Furthermore,the NiHCF film electrode showed high selectivity for Cs^(+)ions and stability.After seven cycles of adsorption/desorption,the desorption percentage could reach about 100%.The excellent Cs^(+)extraction performance should be attributed to the strong driving force produced by the potential-responsive ion-pumping effect in the ESIX process,as well as the low ion transfer resistance of the film electrode which is caused by the special crystal structure of NiHCF.In addition,the NiHCF film electrode was implemented to work together with the bismuth oxybromide(BiOBr)film electrode to accomplish the simultaneous extraction of Cs^(+)and Br^(-).And the adsorption capacity and removal percentage of Br^(-)ions on the BiOBr film electrode reached 69.53 mg·g^(-1)and 77.32%,correspondingly.It is expected that such a potential-responsive ion-pump system based on NiHCF and BiOBr film electrodes could be used for the selective extraction and concentration of Cs^(+)and Br^(-)ions from salt lake brine.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(Science and Technology to Boost Economy 2020Key Project,SQ2020YFF0412719 and SQ2020YFF0404901)The Key Research and Development and Transformation Program Funding in Qinghai Province(2021-GX-105)Anhui Province Key Research and Development Plan(1804e03020316)。
文摘Powdery Li^(+)-imprinted manganese oxides adsorbent was widely used to the recovery of Li^(+),but there are some difficulties,such as poor stability in acid solution,inconvenience of operation and separation.In this work,a useful hydrogel composite based H_(4)Mn_(3.5)Ti_(1.5)O_(12)/reduced graphene oxide/polyacrylamide(HMTO-rGO/PAM)was fabricated by thermal initiation method with promising stable,conductive and selective properties.The resulting materials were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscope,infrared absorption spectrum,X-ray diffraction,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques.The recovery of Li^(+)was investigated using HMTO-rGO/PAM from brine by a separated two-stage sorption statically and electrically switched ion exchange desorption process.The adsorption capacity of 51.5 mg·g^(-1)could be achieved with an initial Li^(+)concentration of 200 mg·L^(-1)in pH 10,at 45℃for 12 h.Li^(+)ions could be quickly desorbed by cyclic voltammetry(CV)in pH 3,0.1 mol·L^(-1)HCl/NH;Cl accompanying the exchange of Li^(+)and H+(NH;)and the transfer of LMTO-rGO/PAM to HMTO-rGO/PAM.
