This paper aims at re-examining the properties of the-celebrated Goodwin model in econmics.We improve the results of Flaschel by applying the bifurcation method of Iooss and Joseph. It isshown that under appropriate c...This paper aims at re-examining the properties of the-celebrated Goodwin model in econmics.We improve the results of Flaschel by applying the bifurcation method of Iooss and Joseph. It isshown that under appropriate conditions endogeneous limit cycles appear after structural changeshave teken place in the economic system.展开更多
[Objectives]To analyze the clinical symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of 188 hospitalized pertussis cases in Jingzhou City.[Methods]Clinical data from 188 patients diagnosed with pertussis and admitted to t...[Objectives]To analyze the clinical symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of 188 hospitalized pertussis cases in Jingzhou City.[Methods]Clinical data from 188 patients diagnosed with pertussis and admitted to two tertiary hospitals in Jingzhou City between March and August 2024 were collected.Patients were randomly divided into three groups:<3-year-old,3—17-year-old,and≥18-year-old.A retrospective analysis was performed on their clinical features(including laboratory findings,disease course,and imaging characteristics)and epidemiological characteristics.[Results]In the<3-year-old group,28 cases(36.4%)were unvaccinated and 22 cases(28.6%)had received only one dose of the pertussis vaccine.In the 3—17-year-old group,91 cases(94.8%)had received four doses.Vaccination history was unknown for the≥18-year-old adult group.The<3-year-old group exhibited significantly higher incidences of cough with wheezing/dyspnea,paroxysmal spasmodic cough,cough with cyanosis or facial flushing,wheezes,and moist rales in the lungs compared to both the 3—17-year-old and≥18-year-old groups.Post-tussive vomiting was less frequent in the<3-year-old group than in the 3—17-year-old group but more frequent than in the≥18-year-old group;these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The≥18-year-old group had significantly lower incidences of cough with wheezing/dyspnea,paroxysmal spasmodic cough,cough with cyanosis or facial flushing,wheezes,and moist rales in the lungs compared to both the<3-year-old and 3—17-year-old groups(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pneumonia and increased lung markings was higher in the<3-year-old group than in the 3—17-year-old group but lower than in the≥18-year-old group,showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pulmonary nodules and fibrotic foci was lower in the<3-year-old group than in both the 3—17-year-old and≥18-year-old groups,and these differences were also statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of pneumonia cases in the 3—17-year-old group was lower than in both the<3-year-old and≥18-year-old groups.The proportion of cases with increased lung markings was lower than in the<3-year-old group but higher than in the≥18-year-old group;these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pulmonary nodules and fibrotic foci in the 3—17-year-old group was higher than in the<3-year-old group but lower than in the≥18-year-old group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pulmonary nodules and fibrotic foci was higher in the≥18-year-old group than in both the<3-year-old and 3—17-year-old groups,and these differences were also statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Analysis of the clinical symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of 188 hospitalized pertussis cases in Jingzhou City contributes to enhancing the prevention and control of pertussis within the city.展开更多
AIM:To comprehensively assess the relationship between asthma and myopia based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)database combined with Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODS:Initially,20497 ...AIM:To comprehensively assess the relationship between asthma and myopia based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)database combined with Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODS:Initially,20497 subjects from the complete questionnaire cycle in the NHANES database from 2005 to 2008 were included.By exclusion criteria,8460 subjects were screened with 1676 myopia samples and 6784 control samples.Subsequently,baseline characteristics,association analyses,risk stratification analyses,and receive operating characteristic curve(ROC)were used to investigate the associations between covariates and myopia.Then,the causal relationship was explored in depth by MR analysis,and was estimated the reliability by sensitivity analyses and directionality tests.RESULTS:Baseline characteristics illustrated a significant difference between myopia and controls for both asthma and covariates(excluding gender;P<0.05).The results in all three models indicated that asthma was strongly associated with myopia and the effect on myopia was not significantly confounded by other covariates[model 3:odd ratio(OR)=1.31;95%CI=1.07-1.62;P=0.0133].The risk stratification analysis again verified that asthma remained strongly associated with myopia and was a risk factor for myopia(P<0.05,OR>1).ROC proved that the model was accurate in its prediction[area under curve(AUC)=0.7].Subsequently,the causal relationship between them was statistically significant(P<0.05)according to the inverse variance weighted(IVW)method in MR.Scatterplot showed that asthma and myopia had significant positive causality and were not affected by confounders.Forest plot displayed an increasing risk of myopia on asthma(OR>1).The funnel plot demonstrated compliance with Mendel’s second law.Sensitivity analysis and directional analysis further confirmed the confidence of the MR analysis results and a unidirectional causal relationship between them.CONCLUSION:A significant association and causality between asthma and myopia is found through the NHANES database and MR analysis,which is important implications for public health policy development and clinical practice.展开更多
Dear Editor,Torpedo maculopathy(TM),first described by Roseman and Gass in 1992[1],is a rare congenital unilateral retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)abnormality.The term“torpedo maculopathy”was coined by Daily[2]in 199...Dear Editor,Torpedo maculopathy(TM),first described by Roseman and Gass in 1992[1],is a rare congenital unilateral retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)abnormality.The term“torpedo maculopathy”was coined by Daily[2]in 1993.TM typically spares the foveal center,is asymptomatic,and is often detected incidentally during routine ophthalmic examinations.Through literature search,we did not identify racial or regional differences in TM.It predominantly affects children,with an estimated prevalence of 2 per 100000 in individuals under 16 ages[3].While previous reports have focused on pediatric and adult populations,this study presents four cases of TM in preterm infants.展开更多
Objective:To characterize placental morphologic features in Moroccan women with adverse outcomes,across different clinical contexts,based on the Amsterdam consensus classification.Methods:A prospective analysis was co...Objective:To characterize placental morphologic features in Moroccan women with adverse outcomes,across different clinical contexts,based on the Amsterdam consensus classification.Methods:A prospective analysis was conducted on placentas with umbilical cords collected fresh between March 1,2024 and July 15,2024 from women with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Clinical data(age,parity,gravidity,complications)were retrieved.Macroscopic parameters(weight,dimensions,cord insertion,membranes,lesions)were assessed,followed by systematic sampling.Tissue was processed by standard histology(formalin fixation,paraffin embedding,hematoxylin and eosin staining),and lesions were classified per Amsterdam criteria.Results:16 placentas from patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were included.The median maternal age was 30 years.Adverse conditions included placental abruption(50%),intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR,38%),intrauterine fetal death(IUFD,31%),pre-eclampsia/eclampsia(19%),premature rupture of membranes(13%),and oligohydramnios(13%).Several placentas were associated with more than one adverse condition.Histopathology revealed maternal vascular malperfusion lesions in 94%,particularly in pre-eclampsia,IUGR,and IUFD.Fetal vascular malperfusion was found in 88%,mainly in IUGR and IUFD.Inflammatory lesions,dominated by acute maternal and fetal responses stage 3(necrotizing chorioamnionitis and funisitis),were primarily linked to IUFD.Conclusions:Placental examination enhances understanding of the pathophysiology underlying adverse pregnancy outcomes,supports diagnostic confirmation,and guides preventive strategies for recurrence.This study highlights the prevalence of maternal vascular malperfusion in Moroccan women and emphasizes the importance of systematic placental histopathology in obstetric care.展开更多
AIM:To assess risk factors for epiretinal membranes(ERM)and examine their interactions in a nationally representative U.S.dataset.METHODS:Data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANE...AIM:To assess risk factors for epiretinal membranes(ERM)and examine their interactions in a nationally representative U.S.dataset.METHODS:Data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)were analyzed,a nationally representative U.S.dataset.ERM was identified via retinal imaging based on the presence of cellophane changes.Key predictors included age group,eye surgery history,and refractive error,with additional demographic and health-related covariates.Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess associations and interaction effects between eye surgery and refractive error.RESULTS:Totally 3925 participants were analyzed.Older age,eye surgery,and refractive errors were significantly associated with ERM.Compared to those under 65y,the odds ratio(OR)for ERM was 3.08 for ages 65–75y(P=0.0014)and 4.76 for ages 75+years(P=0.0069).Eye surgery increased ERM risk(OR=3.48,P=0.0018).Moderate to high hyperopia and myopia were also associated with ERM(OR=2.65 and 1.80,respectively).A significant interaction between refractive error and eye surgery was observed(P<0.0001).Moderate to high myopia was associated with ERM only in those without eye surgery(OR=1.92,P=0.0443).Eye surgery was most strongly associated with ERM in the emmetropic group(OR=3.60,P=0.0027),followed by the moderate to high myopia group(OR=3.01,P=0.0031).CONCLUSION:ERM is significantly associated with aging,eye surgery,and refractive errors.The interaction between eye surgery and refractive error modifies ERM risk and highlights the importance of considering combined effects in clinical risk assessments.These findings may help guide individualized ERM risk assessment that may inform personalized approaches to ERM prevention and management.展开更多
Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for mor...Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for more than 3y.She was diagnosed with ASs and choroiditis at a local hospital.She has a seven-year history of bilateral high myopia.A fundus examination confirmed the presence of ASs and myopic fundus changes in both eyes.Multimodal imaging revealed an AZOOR complex in the left eye.展开更多
The Palace Museum inventories its collection For the first time in history, curators of the Palace Museum have finally inven- toried the museum’s vast collection. After seven years of painstaking work, the museum fin...The Palace Museum inventories its collection For the first time in history, curators of the Palace Museum have finally inven- toried the museum’s vast collection. After seven years of painstaking work, the museum finally released the results of its first comprehensive inventory on January 26, showing that the museum houses 1,807,558 items.展开更多
The critical examination of scientific evidence is crucial in attempting to distinguish genuine science from“junk science”and provides judges with an important basis upon which to determine the credibility of expert...The critical examination of scientific evidence is crucial in attempting to distinguish genuine science from“junk science”and provides judges with an important basis upon which to determine the credibility of expert witnesses giving scientific evidence.From studying the law in the USA,we learn that the process for examining scientific evidence in court is based upon full discovery of the proposed evidence before trial and the availability of expert witnesses at trial to testify orally and be examined and cross‑examined.Empirical studies suggest that the opportunities to critically examine scientific evidence in Chinese courts are not so freely available.Discovery is neglected,thus limiting the effectiveness of cross‑examination,and current rules do not encourage oral testimony or effective cross‑examination.To solve these problems,the disclosure duty should be put on the prosecution,rather than on the defendant.Scientific evidence should be discovered.Disclosure must include the basis,process,material relied upon,and methods of forensic appraisals.In the trial process,the prosecution has transferred the case file to court,where the defendant will be able to copy the scientific evidence.The neutrality of expert assistants established by article 192 of the new Criminal Procedural Law should be strengthened.展开更多
Osteoarthritis(OA)is a widespread joint disorder that has emerged as a significant global healthcare challenge.Over the past decade,advancements in material science and medicine have transformed the development of fun...Osteoarthritis(OA)is a widespread joint disorder that has emerged as a significant global healthcare challenge.Over the past decade,advancements in material science and medicine have transformed the development of functional materials aimed at addressing the complex issues associated with the diagnosis and treatment of OA.This review synthesizes the latest advancements in various types of intelligent micro-structured materials and their design principles.By examining the exceptional structural characteristics of materials with unique properties such as tailored attributes,controllability,biocompatibility,and bioactivity,we emphasize the design of composite materials for precise and early intervention in OA.This is achieved through advanced imaging techniques and machine learning-based analysis,alongside the customization of micro-structured material properties to align with the biological and mechanical requirements of specific joint tissues.This review offers an in-depth analysis of the transformative potential of advanced technologies and artificial intelligence(AI)in the development of innovative solutions for OA diagnosis and therapy.It aims to inform future research and inspire the creation of next-generation smart materials with unprecedented performance,thereby enhancing our capabilities in the prevention and treatment of OA.展开更多
The comprehension of universal thermodynamic behaviors in the supercritical region is crucial for examining the characteristics of black hole systems under high temperature and pressure.This study is devoted to the an...The comprehension of universal thermodynamic behaviors in the supercritical region is crucial for examining the characteristics of black hole systems under high temperature and pressure.This study is devoted to the analysis of characteristic lines and crossover behaviors within the supercritical region.By making use of the free energy,we introduce three key thermodynamic quantities:scaled variance,skewness,and kurtosis.Our results demonstrate that the Widom line,associated with the maximal scaled variance,can effectively differentiate between small and large black hole-like subphases,each displaying distinct thermodynamic behaviors within the supercritical region.Furthermore,by utilizing quasinormal modes,we identify the Frenkel line,offering a dynamic perspective to distinguish between small and large black hole-like subphases.These contribute to a deeper comprehension of black hole subphases in the supercritical region,thus illuminating new facets of black hole thermodynamics.展开更多
Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination...Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.展开更多
Background Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors,affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system.DL-3-n butylphthalide(butylphthalide)has shown efficacy i...Background Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors,affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system.DL-3-n butylphthalide(butylphthalide)has shown efficacy in the short-term treatment of various cognitive impairments.This study evaluated the efficacy of butylphthalide in preventing cognitive decline over a 12-month period in patients with ischaemic stroke.Methods This prospective following-up study involved patients newly diagnosed with ischaemic stroke between 1 month and 6 months after stroke onset and not in the acute phase.Patients were assigned to either the butylphthalide or control group.Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up.Statistical analyses included t-tests,χ2 tests and multivariate regression analyses.Results Butylphthalide was negatively associated with the MMSE D-value(β=−0.122;95%CI−1.932 to−0.298;p=0.003)and the MMSE D-value percentage(β=−0.117;95%CI−0.057 to−0.011;p=0.004).A multivariate analysis indicated that butylphthalide treatment was negatively associated with both changes in orientation and language score.Additionally,the incidence of cognitive decline was significantly lower in the butylphthalide group(OR,0.612;p=0.020)than the control group.An age of≥60 years and lower educational level were identified as risk factors for lower cognitive score and cognitive decline.Conclusion This study demonstrated that butylphthalide is effective in preventing cognitive decline in patients with ischaemic stroke.These findings have significant implications for clinical practice,suggesting that butylphthalide could be incorporated into standard post-stroke care regimens to improve patient outcomes and reduce the healthcare burden.Additional multicentre double-blind trials are recommended to confirm these results in diverse populations.展开更多
Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcom...Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcomes in this disease have proven fully effective,and a comprehensive physical examination remains the primary method for early detection and monitoring of HNSCC.展开更多
This editorial discusses a case report recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The report describes the clinical presentation,imaging,diagnosis,and treatment of a patient with tuberous sclerosis comp...This editorial discusses a case report recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The report describes the clinical presentation,imaging,diagnosis,and treatment of a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)combined with primary lymphedema(PLE).Additionally,it retrospectively analyzes the data of 16 previously reported cases of children with TSC combined with PLE to summarize the epidemiology,genetic diagnosis,and current main treatments of these patients.The report also speculates on the pathological and physiological mechanisms underlying TSC combined with PLE.TSC combined with PLE is rare;therefore,the report provides a theoretical basis for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options for patients with TSC and PLE.Comprehensive clinical management of TSC is essential due to the diverse and multiorgan nature of its manifestations,often requiring a multidisciplinary approach for newly diagnosed cases.展开更多
This editorial is a commentary on the case report by Furuya et al focusing on the challenging diagnosis of early pancreatic adenocarcinoma and new tools for an earlier diagnosis.Currently,pancreatic cancer still has a...This editorial is a commentary on the case report by Furuya et al focusing on the challenging diagnosis of early pancreatic adenocarcinoma and new tools for an earlier diagnosis.Currently,pancreatic cancer still has a poor prognosis,mainly due to late diagnosis in an advanced stage.Two main precancerous routes have been identified as pathways to pancreatic adenocarcinoma:The first encompasses a large group of mucinous cystic lesions:intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm,and the second is pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia.In the last decade the focus of research has been to identify high-risk patients,using advanced imaging techniques(magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography)which could be helpful in finding“indirect signs”of early stage pancreatic lesions.Nevertheless,the survival rate still remains poor,and alternative screening methods are under investigation.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology could be a promising tool for identifying precursor lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm,but confirming data are still needed to validate its role.Probably a combination of cross-sectional imaging,endoscopic techniques(old and new ones)and genetic and biological biomarkers also in pancreatic juice)could be the best solution to reach an early diagnosis.Biomarkers could help to predict and follow the progression of early pancreatic lesions.However,further studies are needed to validate their diagnostic reliability and to establish diagnostic algorithms to improve prognosis and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.展开更多
A 31-year-old woman with untreated hypertension presented with a progressively worsening occipital headache for 3 months.In the last 4 days,she developed a pulsating holocranial headache that awakened her nocturnally ...A 31-year-old woman with untreated hypertension presented with a progressively worsening occipital headache for 3 months.In the last 4 days,she developed a pulsating holocranial headache that awakened her nocturnally and worsened with Valsalva maneuver.Neurological examination revealed no focal deficits.The patient reported decreased visual acuity,and fundoscopic examination demonstrated grade III hypertensive retinopathy,but no optic disc edema.Blood pressure was 230/160 mmHg and laboratory analysis showed elevated serum creatinine(3.42 mg/dL).Autoimmune and infectious markers were negative.展开更多
Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospi...Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected.All patients received cervical Pap smear examination,and patients with abnormal examination results underwent colposcopic biopsy and HPV infection test for cervical cancer screening.Results:The results of cervical Pap smear showed that a total of 780 patients among 1200 patients showed cervical abnormalities.The Pap smear combined with colposcopy was used for pathological examination to detect cervical cancer lesions in time,and biopsy and HPV infection examination were arranged for high-risk patients to provide data reference for clinical treatment.Conclusions:Pathological examination has a good screening effect in gynecological physical examination.It can detect lesions early and take timely intervention measures,which is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.展开更多
文摘This paper aims at re-examining the properties of the-celebrated Goodwin model in econmics.We improve the results of Flaschel by applying the bifurcation method of Iooss and Joseph. It isshown that under appropriate conditions endogeneous limit cycles appear after structural changeshave teken place in the economic system.
文摘[Objectives]To analyze the clinical symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of 188 hospitalized pertussis cases in Jingzhou City.[Methods]Clinical data from 188 patients diagnosed with pertussis and admitted to two tertiary hospitals in Jingzhou City between March and August 2024 were collected.Patients were randomly divided into three groups:<3-year-old,3—17-year-old,and≥18-year-old.A retrospective analysis was performed on their clinical features(including laboratory findings,disease course,and imaging characteristics)and epidemiological characteristics.[Results]In the<3-year-old group,28 cases(36.4%)were unvaccinated and 22 cases(28.6%)had received only one dose of the pertussis vaccine.In the 3—17-year-old group,91 cases(94.8%)had received four doses.Vaccination history was unknown for the≥18-year-old adult group.The<3-year-old group exhibited significantly higher incidences of cough with wheezing/dyspnea,paroxysmal spasmodic cough,cough with cyanosis or facial flushing,wheezes,and moist rales in the lungs compared to both the 3—17-year-old and≥18-year-old groups.Post-tussive vomiting was less frequent in the<3-year-old group than in the 3—17-year-old group but more frequent than in the≥18-year-old group;these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The≥18-year-old group had significantly lower incidences of cough with wheezing/dyspnea,paroxysmal spasmodic cough,cough with cyanosis or facial flushing,wheezes,and moist rales in the lungs compared to both the<3-year-old and 3—17-year-old groups(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pneumonia and increased lung markings was higher in the<3-year-old group than in the 3—17-year-old group but lower than in the≥18-year-old group,showing statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pulmonary nodules and fibrotic foci was lower in the<3-year-old group than in both the 3—17-year-old and≥18-year-old groups,and these differences were also statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of pneumonia cases in the 3—17-year-old group was lower than in both the<3-year-old and≥18-year-old groups.The proportion of cases with increased lung markings was lower than in the<3-year-old group but higher than in the≥18-year-old group;these differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pulmonary nodules and fibrotic foci in the 3—17-year-old group was higher than in the<3-year-old group but lower than in the≥18-year-old group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The proportion of cases with pulmonary nodules and fibrotic foci was higher in the≥18-year-old group than in both the<3-year-old and 3—17-year-old groups,and these differences were also statistically significant(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Analysis of the clinical symptoms and epidemiological characteristics of 188 hospitalized pertussis cases in Jingzhou City contributes to enhancing the prevention and control of pertussis within the city.
基金Supported by the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.825RC898)Hainan Province Clinical Medical Center。
文摘AIM:To comprehensively assess the relationship between asthma and myopia based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)database combined with Mendelian randomization(MR).METHODS:Initially,20497 subjects from the complete questionnaire cycle in the NHANES database from 2005 to 2008 were included.By exclusion criteria,8460 subjects were screened with 1676 myopia samples and 6784 control samples.Subsequently,baseline characteristics,association analyses,risk stratification analyses,and receive operating characteristic curve(ROC)were used to investigate the associations between covariates and myopia.Then,the causal relationship was explored in depth by MR analysis,and was estimated the reliability by sensitivity analyses and directionality tests.RESULTS:Baseline characteristics illustrated a significant difference between myopia and controls for both asthma and covariates(excluding gender;P<0.05).The results in all three models indicated that asthma was strongly associated with myopia and the effect on myopia was not significantly confounded by other covariates[model 3:odd ratio(OR)=1.31;95%CI=1.07-1.62;P=0.0133].The risk stratification analysis again verified that asthma remained strongly associated with myopia and was a risk factor for myopia(P<0.05,OR>1).ROC proved that the model was accurate in its prediction[area under curve(AUC)=0.7].Subsequently,the causal relationship between them was statistically significant(P<0.05)according to the inverse variance weighted(IVW)method in MR.Scatterplot showed that asthma and myopia had significant positive causality and were not affected by confounders.Forest plot displayed an increasing risk of myopia on asthma(OR>1).The funnel plot demonstrated compliance with Mendel’s second law.Sensitivity analysis and directional analysis further confirmed the confidence of the MR analysis results and a unidirectional causal relationship between them.CONCLUSION:A significant association and causality between asthma and myopia is found through the NHANES database and MR analysis,which is important implications for public health policy development and clinical practice.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82070991).
文摘Dear Editor,Torpedo maculopathy(TM),first described by Roseman and Gass in 1992[1],is a rare congenital unilateral retinal pigment epithelium(RPE)abnormality.The term“torpedo maculopathy”was coined by Daily[2]in 1993.TM typically spares the foveal center,is asymptomatic,and is often detected incidentally during routine ophthalmic examinations.Through literature search,we did not identify racial or regional differences in TM.It predominantly affects children,with an estimated prevalence of 2 per 100000 in individuals under 16 ages[3].While previous reports have focused on pediatric and adult populations,this study presents four cases of TM in preterm infants.
文摘Objective:To characterize placental morphologic features in Moroccan women with adverse outcomes,across different clinical contexts,based on the Amsterdam consensus classification.Methods:A prospective analysis was conducted on placentas with umbilical cords collected fresh between March 1,2024 and July 15,2024 from women with adverse pregnancy outcomes.Clinical data(age,parity,gravidity,complications)were retrieved.Macroscopic parameters(weight,dimensions,cord insertion,membranes,lesions)were assessed,followed by systematic sampling.Tissue was processed by standard histology(formalin fixation,paraffin embedding,hematoxylin and eosin staining),and lesions were classified per Amsterdam criteria.Results:16 placentas from patients with adverse pregnancy outcomes were included.The median maternal age was 30 years.Adverse conditions included placental abruption(50%),intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR,38%),intrauterine fetal death(IUFD,31%),pre-eclampsia/eclampsia(19%),premature rupture of membranes(13%),and oligohydramnios(13%).Several placentas were associated with more than one adverse condition.Histopathology revealed maternal vascular malperfusion lesions in 94%,particularly in pre-eclampsia,IUGR,and IUFD.Fetal vascular malperfusion was found in 88%,mainly in IUGR and IUFD.Inflammatory lesions,dominated by acute maternal and fetal responses stage 3(necrotizing chorioamnionitis and funisitis),were primarily linked to IUFD.Conclusions:Placental examination enhances understanding of the pathophysiology underlying adverse pregnancy outcomes,supports diagnostic confirmation,and guides preventive strategies for recurrence.This study highlights the prevalence of maternal vascular malperfusion in Moroccan women and emphasizes the importance of systematic placental histopathology in obstetric care.
基金Supported by Chengdu Municipal Science and Technology Bureau Key R&D Support Program(No.2023-YF09-00041-SN)。
文摘AIM:To assess risk factors for epiretinal membranes(ERM)and examine their interactions in a nationally representative U.S.dataset.METHODS:Data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES)were analyzed,a nationally representative U.S.dataset.ERM was identified via retinal imaging based on the presence of cellophane changes.Key predictors included age group,eye surgery history,and refractive error,with additional demographic and health-related covariates.Weighted univariate and multiple logistic regression models were used to assess associations and interaction effects between eye surgery and refractive error.RESULTS:Totally 3925 participants were analyzed.Older age,eye surgery,and refractive errors were significantly associated with ERM.Compared to those under 65y,the odds ratio(OR)for ERM was 3.08 for ages 65–75y(P=0.0014)and 4.76 for ages 75+years(P=0.0069).Eye surgery increased ERM risk(OR=3.48,P=0.0018).Moderate to high hyperopia and myopia were also associated with ERM(OR=2.65 and 1.80,respectively).A significant interaction between refractive error and eye surgery was observed(P<0.0001).Moderate to high myopia was associated with ERM only in those without eye surgery(OR=1.92,P=0.0443).Eye surgery was most strongly associated with ERM in the emmetropic group(OR=3.60,P=0.0027),followed by the moderate to high myopia group(OR=3.01,P=0.0031).CONCLUSION:ERM is significantly associated with aging,eye surgery,and refractive errors.The interaction between eye surgery and refractive error modifies ERM risk and highlights the importance of considering combined effects in clinical risk assessments.These findings may help guide individualized ERM risk assessment that may inform personalized approaches to ERM prevention and management.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82171073).
文摘Dear Editor,We present a case of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy(AZOOR)complex in a myopic patient with angioid streaks(ASs).A 19-year-old female has been experiencing visual field defects in her left eye for more than 3y.She was diagnosed with ASs and choroiditis at a local hospital.She has a seven-year history of bilateral high myopia.A fundus examination confirmed the presence of ASs and myopic fundus changes in both eyes.Multimodal imaging revealed an AZOOR complex in the left eye.
文摘The Palace Museum inventories its collection For the first time in history, curators of the Palace Museum have finally inven- toried the museum’s vast collection. After seven years of painstaking work, the museum finally released the results of its first comprehensive inventory on January 26, showing that the museum houses 1,807,558 items.
基金Research funds project of Ministry of Justice P.R.C(Grant No.14SFB30019)China Post Doctor Science Research Funds Special Aid Project(Grant No.2015T80420)ECUPL science research funds project(Grant No.A‑3101‑14‑144512).
文摘The critical examination of scientific evidence is crucial in attempting to distinguish genuine science from“junk science”and provides judges with an important basis upon which to determine the credibility of expert witnesses giving scientific evidence.From studying the law in the USA,we learn that the process for examining scientific evidence in court is based upon full discovery of the proposed evidence before trial and the availability of expert witnesses at trial to testify orally and be examined and cross‑examined.Empirical studies suggest that the opportunities to critically examine scientific evidence in Chinese courts are not so freely available.Discovery is neglected,thus limiting the effectiveness of cross‑examination,and current rules do not encourage oral testimony or effective cross‑examination.To solve these problems,the disclosure duty should be put on the prosecution,rather than on the defendant.Scientific evidence should be discovered.Disclosure must include the basis,process,material relied upon,and methods of forensic appraisals.In the trial process,the prosecution has transferred the case file to court,where the defendant will be able to copy the scientific evidence.The neutrality of expert assistants established by article 192 of the new Criminal Procedural Law should be strengthened.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2509200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82470998,82270995,81970956)+1 种基金Zhejiang Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(LR24H140001)The Science and Technology Department of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine jointly established the Science and Technology Plan(GZY-ZJ-KJ-24086)。
文摘Osteoarthritis(OA)is a widespread joint disorder that has emerged as a significant global healthcare challenge.Over the past decade,advancements in material science and medicine have transformed the development of functional materials aimed at addressing the complex issues associated with the diagnosis and treatment of OA.This review synthesizes the latest advancements in various types of intelligent micro-structured materials and their design principles.By examining the exceptional structural characteristics of materials with unique properties such as tailored attributes,controllability,biocompatibility,and bioactivity,we emphasize the design of composite materials for precise and early intervention in OA.This is achieved through advanced imaging techniques and machine learning-based analysis,alongside the customization of micro-structured material properties to align with the biological and mechanical requirements of specific joint tissues.This review offers an in-depth analysis of the transformative potential of advanced technologies and artificial intelligence(AI)in the development of innovative solutions for OA diagnosis and therapy.It aims to inform future research and inspire the creation of next-generation smart materials with unprecedented performance,thereby enhancing our capabilities in the prevention and treatment of OA.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12473001,11975072,11875102,11835009,and 11965013)the National SKA Program of China(Grant Nos.2022SKA0110200 and 2022SKA0110203)+1 种基金the National 111 Project(Grant No.B16009)supported by Yunnan High-level Talent Training Support Plan Young&Elite Talents Project(Grant No.YNWR-QNBJ-2018-181).
文摘The comprehension of universal thermodynamic behaviors in the supercritical region is crucial for examining the characteristics of black hole systems under high temperature and pressure.This study is devoted to the analysis of characteristic lines and crossover behaviors within the supercritical region.By making use of the free energy,we introduce three key thermodynamic quantities:scaled variance,skewness,and kurtosis.Our results demonstrate that the Widom line,associated with the maximal scaled variance,can effectively differentiate between small and large black hole-like subphases,each displaying distinct thermodynamic behaviors within the supercritical region.Furthermore,by utilizing quasinormal modes,we identify the Frenkel line,offering a dynamic perspective to distinguish between small and large black hole-like subphases.These contribute to a deeper comprehension of black hole subphases in the supercritical region,thus illuminating new facets of black hole thermodynamics.
基金supports by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82201135)"2015"Cultivation Program for Reserve Talents for Academic Leaders of Nanjing Stomatological School,Medical School of Nanjing University(No.0223A204).
文摘Early correction of childhood malocclusion is timely managing morphological,structural,and functional abnormalities at different dentomaxillofacial developmental stages.The selection of appropriate imaging examination and comprehensive radiological diagnosis and analysis play an important role in early correction of childhood malocclusion.This expert consensus is a collaborative effort by multidisciplinary experts in dentistry across the nation based on the current clinical evidence,aiming to provide general guidance on appropriate imaging examination selection,comprehensive and accurate imaging assessment for early orthodontic treatment patients.
基金funded by Tianjin Municipal Health Commission(TJWJ2023QN115)。
文摘Background Cognitive decline is a significant concern for stroke survivors,affecting their quality of life and increasing their burden on the healthcare system.DL-3-n butylphthalide(butylphthalide)has shown efficacy in the short-term treatment of various cognitive impairments.This study evaluated the efficacy of butylphthalide in preventing cognitive decline over a 12-month period in patients with ischaemic stroke.Methods This prospective following-up study involved patients newly diagnosed with ischaemic stroke between 1 month and 6 months after stroke onset and not in the acute phase.Patients were assigned to either the butylphthalide or control group.Cognitive function was assessed using the mini-mental state examination(MMSE)at baseline and at the 12-month follow-up.Statistical analyses included t-tests,χ2 tests and multivariate regression analyses.Results Butylphthalide was negatively associated with the MMSE D-value(β=−0.122;95%CI−1.932 to−0.298;p=0.003)and the MMSE D-value percentage(β=−0.117;95%CI−0.057 to−0.011;p=0.004).A multivariate analysis indicated that butylphthalide treatment was negatively associated with both changes in orientation and language score.Additionally,the incidence of cognitive decline was significantly lower in the butylphthalide group(OR,0.612;p=0.020)than the control group.An age of≥60 years and lower educational level were identified as risk factors for lower cognitive score and cognitive decline.Conclusion This study demonstrated that butylphthalide is effective in preventing cognitive decline in patients with ischaemic stroke.These findings have significant implications for clinical practice,suggesting that butylphthalide could be incorporated into standard post-stroke care regimens to improve patient outcomes and reduce the healthcare burden.Additional multicentre double-blind trials are recommended to confirm these results in diverse populations.
文摘Dear Editor,Local recurrence and cervical lymph node metastases are major causes of mortality in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC).To date,none of the proposed strategies for predicting outcomes in this disease have proven fully effective,and a comprehensive physical examination remains the primary method for early detection and monitoring of HNSCC.
文摘This editorial discusses a case report recently published in the World Journal of Clinical Cases.The report describes the clinical presentation,imaging,diagnosis,and treatment of a patient with tuberous sclerosis complex(TSC)combined with primary lymphedema(PLE).Additionally,it retrospectively analyzes the data of 16 previously reported cases of children with TSC combined with PLE to summarize the epidemiology,genetic diagnosis,and current main treatments of these patients.The report also speculates on the pathological and physiological mechanisms underlying TSC combined with PLE.TSC combined with PLE is rare;therefore,the report provides a theoretical basis for understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment options for patients with TSC and PLE.Comprehensive clinical management of TSC is essential due to the diverse and multiorgan nature of its manifestations,often requiring a multidisciplinary approach for newly diagnosed cases.
文摘This editorial is a commentary on the case report by Furuya et al focusing on the challenging diagnosis of early pancreatic adenocarcinoma and new tools for an earlier diagnosis.Currently,pancreatic cancer still has a poor prognosis,mainly due to late diagnosis in an advanced stage.Two main precancerous routes have been identified as pathways to pancreatic adenocarcinoma:The first encompasses a large group of mucinous cystic lesions:intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm,and the second is pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia.In the last decade the focus of research has been to identify high-risk patients,using advanced imaging techniques(magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic ultrasonography)which could be helpful in finding“indirect signs”of early stage pancreatic lesions.Nevertheless,the survival rate still remains poor,and alternative screening methods are under investigation.Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography followed by serial pancreatic juice aspiration cytology could be a promising tool for identifying precursor lesions such as intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm,but confirming data are still needed to validate its role.Probably a combination of cross-sectional imaging,endoscopic techniques(old and new ones)and genetic and biological biomarkers also in pancreatic juice)could be the best solution to reach an early diagnosis.Biomarkers could help to predict and follow the progression of early pancreatic lesions.However,further studies are needed to validate their diagnostic reliability and to establish diagnostic algorithms to improve prognosis and survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.
文摘A 31-year-old woman with untreated hypertension presented with a progressively worsening occipital headache for 3 months.In the last 4 days,she developed a pulsating holocranial headache that awakened her nocturnally and worsened with Valsalva maneuver.Neurological examination revealed no focal deficits.The patient reported decreased visual acuity,and fundoscopic examination demonstrated grade III hypertensive retinopathy,but no optic disc edema.Blood pressure was 230/160 mmHg and laboratory analysis showed elevated serum creatinine(3.42 mg/dL).Autoimmune and infectious markers were negative.
文摘Objective:To study the application value and application path of pathological examination in gynecological physical examination.Methods:A total of 1200 patients undergoing gynecological physical examination in X Hospital from January 2024 to December 2024 were selected.All patients received cervical Pap smear examination,and patients with abnormal examination results underwent colposcopic biopsy and HPV infection test for cervical cancer screening.Results:The results of cervical Pap smear showed that a total of 780 patients among 1200 patients showed cervical abnormalities.The Pap smear combined with colposcopy was used for pathological examination to detect cervical cancer lesions in time,and biopsy and HPV infection examination were arranged for high-risk patients to provide data reference for clinical treatment.Conclusions:Pathological examination has a good screening effect in gynecological physical examination.It can detect lesions early and take timely intervention measures,which is helpful to reduce the incidence and mortality of the disease.
