Highly evolved granite is an important sign of the mature continent crust and closely associated with deposits of rare metals.In this work,the authors undertake systematically zircon U-Pb ages and whole rock elemental...Highly evolved granite is an important sign of the mature continent crust and closely associated with deposits of rare metals.In this work,the authors undertake systematically zircon U-Pb ages and whole rock elemental data for highly evolved granitic intrusions from the Great Xing’an Range(GXR),NE China,to elucidate their discriminant criteria,spatial-temporal distribution,differentiation and geodynamic mecha-nism.Geochemical data of these highly evolved granites suggest that high w(SiO_(2))(>70%)and differentiation index(DI>88)could be quantified indicators,while strong Eu depletion,high TE_(1,3),lowΣREE and low Zr/Hf,Nb/Ta,K/Rb could only be qualitative indicators.Zircon U-Pb ages suggest that the highly evolved gran-ites in the GXR were mainly formed in Late Mesozoic,which can be divided into two major stages:Late Ju-rassic-early Early Cretaceous(162-136 Ma,peak at 138 Ma),and late Early Cretaceous(136-106 Ma,peak at 126 Ma).The highly evolved granites are mainly distributed in the central-southern GXR,and display a weakly trend of getting younger from northwest to southeast,meanwhile indicating the metallogenic potential of rare metals within the central GXR.The spatial-temporal distribution,combined with regional geological data,indicates the highly evolved Mesozoic granites in the GXR were emplaced in an extensional environ-ment,of which the Late Jurassic-early Early Cretaceous extension was related to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate,while the late Early Cretaceous extension was mainly related to the roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.展开更多
To improve the agility, dynamics, composability, reusability, and development efficiency restricted by monolithic federation object model （FOM）, a modular FOM is proposed by high level architecture （HLA） evolved p...To improve the agility, dynamics, composability, reusability, and development efficiency restricted by monolithic federation object model （FOM）, a modular FOM is proposed by high level architecture （HLA） evolved product development group. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of HLA evolved modular FOM. In particular, related concepts, the overall impact on HLA standards, extension principles, and merging processes are discussed. Also permitted and restricted combinations, and merging rules are provided, and the influence on HLA interface specification is given. The comparison between modular FOM and base object model （BOM） is performed to illustrate the importance of their combination. The applications of modular FOM are summarized. Finally, the significance to facilitate compoable simulation both in academia and practice is presented and future directions are pointed out.展开更多
In this paper,a method sustaining system stability after decomposition is proposed.Based on the stability criterion derived from the energy function,a set of intelligent controllers is synthesized which is used to mai...In this paper,a method sustaining system stability after decomposition is proposed.Based on the stability criterion derived from the energy function,a set of intelligent controllers is synthesized which is used to maintain the stability of the system.The sustainable stability problem can be reformulated as a Linear Matrix Inequalities(LMI)problem.The key to guaranteeing the stability of the system as a whole is to find a common symmetrically positive definite matrix for all subsystems.Furthermore,the Evolved Bat Algorithm(EBA)is employed to replace the pole assignment method and the conventional mathematical methods for solving the LMI.The EBA is utilized to find feasible solutions in terms of the energy equation.The experimental results show that the EBA is capable of providing proper solutions,which satisfy the sustainability and stability criteria,after a short period of recursive computing.展开更多
A cooperative system of a fuzzy logic model and a fuzzy neural network(CSFLMFNN)is proposed,in which a fuzzy logic model is acquired from domain experts and a fuzzy neural network is generated and prewired according t...A cooperative system of a fuzzy logic model and a fuzzy neural network(CSFLMFNN)is proposed,in which a fuzzy logic model is acquired from domain experts and a fuzzy neural network is generated and prewired according to the model.Then PSO-CSFLMFNN is constructed by introducing particle swarm optimization(PSO)into the cooperative system instead of the commonly used evolutionary algorithms to evolve the prewired fuzzy neural network.The evolutionary fuzzy neural network implements accuracy fuzzy inference without rule matching.PSO-CSFLMFNN is applied to the intelligent fault diagnosis for a petrochemical engineering equipment,in which the cooperative system is proved to be effective.It is shown by the applied results that the performance of the evolutionary fuzzy neural network outperforms remarkably that of the one evolved by genetic algorithm in the convergence rate and the generalization precision.展开更多
Early Yanshanian(Jurassic) granitoids are widespread in the Nanling Range,South China.Whereas large granitic batholiths commonly crop out in the center of the Nanling Range(corresponding geographically to the central ...Early Yanshanian(Jurassic) granitoids are widespread in the Nanling Range,South China.Whereas large granitic batholiths commonly crop out in the center of the Nanling Range(corresponding geographically to the central and northern parts of Guangdong Province),many small stocks occur in the southern part of Jiangxi Province.Most of the small stocks are associated closely with economically significant rare-metal deposits(W,Sn,Nb,Ta).Here we report the results for biotite granites and two-mica granites from three Yanshanian stocks of the Longyuanba complex.LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of zircon yields an age of 156.1±2.1 Ma for Xiaomubei biotite granite,and U-Pb zircon dating using SIMS yields an age of 156.7±1.2 Ma for Longyuanba-Chengjiang biotite granite and 156.4±1.3 Ma for Jiangtoudong two-mica granite.Biotite granites are silica-rich(SiO 2 =70%-79%),potassic(K 2 O/Na 2 O>1.9),and peraluminous(ASI=1.05-1.33).Associated samples are invariably enriched in Rb,Th,Pb and LREE,yet depleted in Ba,Nb,Sr,P and Ti,and their REE pattern shows a large fractionation between LREE and HREE((La/Yb) N =10.7-13.5) and a pronounced Eu negative anomaly(δEu=0.28-0.41).Two-mica granite samples are also silica-rich(SiO 2 =75%-79%),potassic(K 2 O/Na 2 O>1.2),and peraluminous(ASI=1.09-1.17).However,in contrast to the biotite granites,they are more enriched in Rb,Th,Pb and extremely depleted in Ba,Nb,Sr,P and Ti,and exhibit nearly flat((La/Yb) N =0.75-1.08) chondrite-normalized REE patterns characterized by strong Eu depletion(δEu=0.02-0.04) and clear tetrad effect(TE 1.3 =1.10-1.14).Biotite granites and two-mica granties have comparable Nd isotopic signatures,and their εNd(t) are concentrated in the 13.0 to 9.6 and 11.5 to 7.7 respectively.Their zircon Hf-O isotopes of both also show similarity(biotite granites:εHf(t)= 10.8-7.9,δ 18 O=7.98‰-8.89‰ and εHf(t)= 13.8 to 9.1,δ 18 O=8.31‰-10.08‰;two-mica granites:εHf(t)= 11.3 to 8.0,δ 18 O=7.91‰-9.77‰).The results show that both biotite and two-mica granites were derived mainly from sedimentary source rocks with a minor contribution from mantle-derived materials.In spite of some S-type characteristics,the biotite granites were formed by fractional crystallization of I-type magma and assimilation of peraluminous sedimentary rocks during their ascent to the surface.Therefore,they belong to highly fractionated I-type granites.Two-mica granites exhibit a tetrad effect in their REE patterns,but share the same isotopic features with the biotite granites,suggesting that they are highly fractionated I-type granites as well.Their Lanthanide tetrad effects may be attributed to the hydrothermal alteration by magmatic fluids that have suffered degassing at late stages.Granitic magmas undergoing fractional crystallization and wall-rock assilimation can generate highly evolved granites with no REE tetrad effect in the uni-phase system.However,in the late-stage of magmatic evolution in the multi-phase system(i.e.,magmatic-hydrothermal system),these magmas also can lead to the highly evolved granites exhibiting mew-shaped REE pattern characterized by tetrad effect as the consequence of melt-fluid and fluid-vapor fractionation,and the resultant autometasomatism.We thus suggest that the REE pattern exhibiting tetrad effect feature is an important indicator of rare metal mineralization in the early Yanshanian time in southern China,implying the metamorphism of the ore fluid.展开更多
The evolved capacitor commutated converter(ECCC),embedded with anti-parallel thyristors based dual-directional full-bridge modules(APT-DFBMs),can effectively reduce commutation failure(CF)risks of line-commutated conv...The evolved capacitor commutated converter(ECCC),embedded with anti-parallel thyristors based dual-directional full-bridge modules(APT-DFBMs),can effectively reduce commutation failure(CF)risks of line-commutated converter-based high voltage direct current(HVDC)and improve the dynamic responses of capacitor-commutated converterbased HVDC.This paper proposes an improved coordinated control strategy for ECCC with the following improvements:(1)under normal operation state,series-connected capacitors can accelerate the commutation process,thereby reducing the overlap angle and increasing the successful commutation margin;(2)under AC fault conditions,the ability of ECCC to mitigate the CF issue no longer relies on the fast fault detection,since the capacitors inside the APT-DFBMs can consistently contribute to the commutation process and further reduce the CF probability;(3)the inserted capacitors can output certain amount of reactive power,increase the power factor,and reduce the required reactive power compensation capacity.Firstly,the proposed coordinated control approach is presented in detail,and the extra commutation voltage to mitigate the CFs provided by the proposed control approach and an existing approach is compared.Secondly,the mechanism of the improved control approach to accelerate commutation process and improve the power factor is analyzed theoretically.Finally,the detailed electromagnetic transient(EMT)simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control.The results show that the proposed approach can present a further substantial improvement for ECCC,especially enhancing the CF mitigation effect.展开更多
Friendship paradox states that individuals are likely to have fewer friends than their friends do,on average.Despite of its wide existence and appealing applications in real social networks,the mathematical understand...Friendship paradox states that individuals are likely to have fewer friends than their friends do,on average.Despite of its wide existence and appealing applications in real social networks,the mathematical understanding of friendship paradox is very limited.Only few works provide theoretical evidence of single-step and multi-step friendship paradoxes,given that the neighbors of interest are onehop and multi-hop away from the target node.However,they consider non-evolving networks,as opposed to the topology of real social networks that are constantly growing over time.We are thus motivated to present a first look into friendship paradox in evolving networks,where newly added nodes preferentially attach themselves to those with higher degrees.Our analytical verification of both single-step and multistep friendship paradoxes in evolving networks,along with comparison to the non-evolving counterparts,discloses that“friendship paradox is even more paradoxical in evolving networks”,primarily from three aspects:1)we demonstrate a strengthened effect of single-step friendship paradox in evolving networks,with a larger probability(more than 0.8)of a random node’s neighbors having higher average degree than the random node itself;2)we unravel higher effectiveness of multi-step friendship paradox in seeking for influential nodes in evolving networks,as the rate of reaching the max degree node can be improved by a factor of at least Θ(t^(2/3))with t being the network size;3)we empirically verify our findings through both synthetic and real datasets,which suggest high agreements of results and consolidate the reasonability of evolving model for real social networks.展开更多
Color is an essential component of beauty,a medium for expressing culture and attitude,and a catalyst for innovation and value creation.As Chinese styles and trends rise and return,traditional Chinese colors,regarded ...Color is an essential component of beauty,a medium for expressing culture and attitude,and a catalyst for innovation and value creation.As Chinese styles and trends rise and return,traditional Chinese colors,regarded as the most profound visual expressions of Chinese civilization,are infused with new vitality and contemporary values.These colors,imbued with philosophical concepts and poetic aesthetics,continue to evolve.展开更多
Academic journals are not only vital platforms for disseminating research findings but also key drivers of disciplinary and interdisciplinary advancement.As knowledge systems,research subjects,core questions,and appli...Academic journals are not only vital platforms for disseminating research findings but also key drivers of disciplinary and interdisciplinary advancement.As knowledge systems,research subjects,core questions,and application scenarios continuously evolve,research paradigms undergo constant innovation.Therefore,a journal’s scope must adapt to-and even lead-academic trends and demands.展开更多
This paper, an addendum to “Dialectical Thermodynamics’ solution to the conceptual imbroglio that is the reversible path”, this journal, 10, 775-799, was written in response to the requests of several readers to pr...This paper, an addendum to “Dialectical Thermodynamics’ solution to the conceptual imbroglio that is the reversible path”, this journal, 10, 775-799, was written in response to the requests of several readers to provide further evidence of the said “imbroglio”. The evidence here presented relates to the incompatibility existing between the total-entropy and the Gibbs energy prescriptions for the reversible path. The previously published proof of the negentropic nature of the transformation of heat into work is here included to validate out conclusions about the Gibbs energy perspective.展开更多
The dynamic routing mechanism in evolvable networks enables adaptive reconfiguration of topol-ogical structures and transmission pathways based on real-time task requirements and data character-istics.However,the heig...The dynamic routing mechanism in evolvable networks enables adaptive reconfiguration of topol-ogical structures and transmission pathways based on real-time task requirements and data character-istics.However,the heightened architectural complexity and expanded parameter dimensionality in evolvable networks present significant implementation challenges when deployed in resource-con-strained environments.Due to the critical paths ignored,traditional pruning strategies cannot get a desired trade-off between accuracy and efficiency.For this reason,a critical path retention pruning(CPRP)method is proposed.By deeply traversing the computational graph,the dependency rela-tionship among nodes is derived.Then the nodes are grouped and sorted according to their contribu-tion value.The redundant operations are removed as much as possible while ensuring that the criti-cal path is not affected.As a result,computational efficiency is improved while a higher accuracy is maintained.On the CIFAR benchmark,the experimental results demonstrate that CPRP-induced pruning incurs accuracy degradation below 4.00%,while outperforming traditional feature-agnostic grouping methods by an average 8.98%accuracy improvement.Simultaneously,the pruned model attains a 2.41 times inference acceleration while achieving 48.92%parameter compression and 53.40%floating-point operations(FLOPs)reduction.展开更多
Four-electron oxygen evolving reaction is limited by proton adsorption and desorption,making its reaction kinetics sluggish,which poses a major challenge for catalyst design.Here,we present an unsaturated coordination...Four-electron oxygen evolving reaction is limited by proton adsorption and desorption,making its reaction kinetics sluggish,which poses a major challenge for catalyst design.Here,we present an unsaturated coordination interface by constructing a fast electron transfer channel between Cu_(2)V_(2)O_(7)(CVO)and BiVO4(BVO).X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)and theoretical calculations results confirm that CVO and BVO between interfaces are bonded by the way of unsaturated coordination oxygen(Ouc).The Ouc optimizes the O-O coupled energy barrier at the V active site and promotes the disconnection of O-H bond,which increases the photocurrent intensity of CVO by 6 times.In addition,due to the high electronegativity of the Ouc,the bonding energies of Bi-O and Cu-O at the interface are enhanced,resulting in the long-term stability of the photoanode during the water splitting.Finally,by integrating the working electrode with a polysilicon solar cell,we assembled a device that demonstrated exceptional catalytic performance,achieving a hydrogen production rate of 100.6μmol·cm^(-2),and maintaining a hydrogen-to-oxygen volume ratio of 2:1 after continuous operation for 4 h.This discovery aids in a deeper understanding of photoanode design and offers further insights for industrial applications.展开更多
This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and distillation residue(DR)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric analy...This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and distillation residue(DR)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry(TGA-MS).The results reveal the coexisting synergistic and antagonistic effects in the co-pyrolysis of SS/DR.The synergistic effect arises from hydrogen free radicals in SS and catalytic components in ash fractions,while the antagonistic effect is mainly due to the melting of DR on the surface of SS particles during pyrolysis and the reaction of SS ash with alkali metals to form inert substances.SS/DR co-pyrolysis reduces the yielding of coke and gas while increasing tar production.This study will promote the reduction,recycling,and harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste.展开更多
This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and automotive paint sludge(PS)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric an...This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and automotive paint sludge(PS)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry(TGA-MS).The result reveals the coexisting synergistic and antagonistic effects in the co-pyrolysis of SS/PS.The synergistic effect arises from hydrogen free radicals in SS and catalytic components in PS,while the main source of the antagonistic effect is that,during the mechanical mixing process,the SS/PS is converted from the particulate form into a dough-like rubbery which contributes to the film-forming effect,hindering the volatilization of volatile components.SS/PS co-pyrolysis reduces the yielding of tar production while increasing coke and gas.This study will provide some in-depth insights into the co-pyrolysis of SS/PS,and offer theoretical support for the subsequent research on the collaborative disposal processes in cement kilns.展开更多
基金Supported by projects of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.92062216,41888101).
文摘Highly evolved granite is an important sign of the mature continent crust and closely associated with deposits of rare metals.In this work,the authors undertake systematically zircon U-Pb ages and whole rock elemental data for highly evolved granitic intrusions from the Great Xing’an Range(GXR),NE China,to elucidate their discriminant criteria,spatial-temporal distribution,differentiation and geodynamic mecha-nism.Geochemical data of these highly evolved granites suggest that high w(SiO_(2))(>70%)and differentiation index(DI>88)could be quantified indicators,while strong Eu depletion,high TE_(1,3),lowΣREE and low Zr/Hf,Nb/Ta,K/Rb could only be qualitative indicators.Zircon U-Pb ages suggest that the highly evolved gran-ites in the GXR were mainly formed in Late Mesozoic,which can be divided into two major stages:Late Ju-rassic-early Early Cretaceous(162-136 Ma,peak at 138 Ma),and late Early Cretaceous(136-106 Ma,peak at 126 Ma).The highly evolved granites are mainly distributed in the central-southern GXR,and display a weakly trend of getting younger from northwest to southeast,meanwhile indicating the metallogenic potential of rare metals within the central GXR.The spatial-temporal distribution,combined with regional geological data,indicates the highly evolved Mesozoic granites in the GXR were emplaced in an extensional environ-ment,of which the Late Jurassic-early Early Cretaceous extension was related to the closure of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean and roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate,while the late Early Cretaceous extension was mainly related to the roll-back of the Paleo-Pacific Plate.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(6067406960574056).
文摘To improve the agility, dynamics, composability, reusability, and development efficiency restricted by monolithic federation object model （FOM）, a modular FOM is proposed by high level architecture （HLA） evolved product development group. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of HLA evolved modular FOM. In particular, related concepts, the overall impact on HLA standards, extension principles, and merging processes are discussed. Also permitted and restricted combinations, and merging rules are provided, and the influence on HLA interface specification is given. The comparison between modular FOM and base object model （BOM） is performed to illustrate the importance of their combination. The applications of modular FOM are summarized. Finally, the significance to facilitate compoable simulation both in academia and practice is presented and future directions are pointed out.
文摘In this paper,a method sustaining system stability after decomposition is proposed.Based on the stability criterion derived from the energy function,a set of intelligent controllers is synthesized which is used to maintain the stability of the system.The sustainable stability problem can be reformulated as a Linear Matrix Inequalities(LMI)problem.The key to guaranteeing the stability of the system as a whole is to find a common symmetrically positive definite matrix for all subsystems.Furthermore,the Evolved Bat Algorithm(EBA)is employed to replace the pole assignment method and the conventional mathematical methods for solving the LMI.The EBA is utilized to find feasible solutions in terms of the energy equation.The experimental results show that the EBA is capable of providing proper solutions,which satisfy the sustainability and stability criteria,after a short period of recursive computing.
基金Sponsored by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province of China(Grant No.06029281 and 05011905).
文摘A cooperative system of a fuzzy logic model and a fuzzy neural network(CSFLMFNN)is proposed,in which a fuzzy logic model is acquired from domain experts and a fuzzy neural network is generated and prewired according to the model.Then PSO-CSFLMFNN is constructed by introducing particle swarm optimization(PSO)into the cooperative system instead of the commonly used evolutionary algorithms to evolve the prewired fuzzy neural network.The evolutionary fuzzy neural network implements accuracy fuzzy inference without rule matching.PSO-CSFLMFNN is applied to the intelligent fault diagnosis for a petrochemical engineering equipment,in which the cooperative system is proved to be effective.It is shown by the applied results that the performance of the evolutionary fuzzy neural network outperforms remarkably that of the one evolved by genetic algorithm in the convergence rate and the generalization precision.
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.KZCX1-YW-15-2 and GIGCAS-135Y234151001)the Ministry of Science and Technology(Grant No. 2007CB411403)+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40973025 and 41173039)contribution No.1655 from GIGCAS
文摘Early Yanshanian(Jurassic) granitoids are widespread in the Nanling Range,South China.Whereas large granitic batholiths commonly crop out in the center of the Nanling Range(corresponding geographically to the central and northern parts of Guangdong Province),many small stocks occur in the southern part of Jiangxi Province.Most of the small stocks are associated closely with economically significant rare-metal deposits(W,Sn,Nb,Ta).Here we report the results for biotite granites and two-mica granites from three Yanshanian stocks of the Longyuanba complex.LA-ICPMS U-Pb dating of zircon yields an age of 156.1±2.1 Ma for Xiaomubei biotite granite,and U-Pb zircon dating using SIMS yields an age of 156.7±1.2 Ma for Longyuanba-Chengjiang biotite granite and 156.4±1.3 Ma for Jiangtoudong two-mica granite.Biotite granites are silica-rich(SiO 2 =70%-79%),potassic(K 2 O/Na 2 O>1.9),and peraluminous(ASI=1.05-1.33).Associated samples are invariably enriched in Rb,Th,Pb and LREE,yet depleted in Ba,Nb,Sr,P and Ti,and their REE pattern shows a large fractionation between LREE and HREE((La/Yb) N =10.7-13.5) and a pronounced Eu negative anomaly(δEu=0.28-0.41).Two-mica granite samples are also silica-rich(SiO 2 =75%-79%),potassic(K 2 O/Na 2 O>1.2),and peraluminous(ASI=1.09-1.17).However,in contrast to the biotite granites,they are more enriched in Rb,Th,Pb and extremely depleted in Ba,Nb,Sr,P and Ti,and exhibit nearly flat((La/Yb) N =0.75-1.08) chondrite-normalized REE patterns characterized by strong Eu depletion(δEu=0.02-0.04) and clear tetrad effect(TE 1.3 =1.10-1.14).Biotite granites and two-mica granties have comparable Nd isotopic signatures,and their εNd(t) are concentrated in the 13.0 to 9.6 and 11.5 to 7.7 respectively.Their zircon Hf-O isotopes of both also show similarity(biotite granites:εHf(t)= 10.8-7.9,δ 18 O=7.98‰-8.89‰ and εHf(t)= 13.8 to 9.1,δ 18 O=8.31‰-10.08‰;two-mica granites:εHf(t)= 11.3 to 8.0,δ 18 O=7.91‰-9.77‰).The results show that both biotite and two-mica granites were derived mainly from sedimentary source rocks with a minor contribution from mantle-derived materials.In spite of some S-type characteristics,the biotite granites were formed by fractional crystallization of I-type magma and assimilation of peraluminous sedimentary rocks during their ascent to the surface.Therefore,they belong to highly fractionated I-type granites.Two-mica granites exhibit a tetrad effect in their REE patterns,but share the same isotopic features with the biotite granites,suggesting that they are highly fractionated I-type granites as well.Their Lanthanide tetrad effects may be attributed to the hydrothermal alteration by magmatic fluids that have suffered degassing at late stages.Granitic magmas undergoing fractional crystallization and wall-rock assilimation can generate highly evolved granites with no REE tetrad effect in the uni-phase system.However,in the late-stage of magmatic evolution in the multi-phase system(i.e.,magmatic-hydrothermal system),these magmas also can lead to the highly evolved granites exhibiting mew-shaped REE pattern characterized by tetrad effect as the consequence of melt-fluid and fluid-vapor fractionation,and the resultant autometasomatism.We thus suggest that the REE pattern exhibiting tetrad effect feature is an important indicator of rare metal mineralization in the early Yanshanian time in southern China,implying the metamorphism of the ore fluid.
文摘The evolved capacitor commutated converter(ECCC),embedded with anti-parallel thyristors based dual-directional full-bridge modules(APT-DFBMs),can effectively reduce commutation failure(CF)risks of line-commutated converter-based high voltage direct current(HVDC)and improve the dynamic responses of capacitor-commutated converterbased HVDC.This paper proposes an improved coordinated control strategy for ECCC with the following improvements:(1)under normal operation state,series-connected capacitors can accelerate the commutation process,thereby reducing the overlap angle and increasing the successful commutation margin;(2)under AC fault conditions,the ability of ECCC to mitigate the CF issue no longer relies on the fast fault detection,since the capacitors inside the APT-DFBMs can consistently contribute to the commutation process and further reduce the CF probability;(3)the inserted capacitors can output certain amount of reactive power,increase the power factor,and reduce the required reactive power compensation capacity.Firstly,the proposed coordinated control approach is presented in detail,and the extra commutation voltage to mitigate the CFs provided by the proposed control approach and an existing approach is compared.Secondly,the mechanism of the improved control approach to accelerate commutation process and improve the power factor is analyzed theoretically.Finally,the detailed electromagnetic transient(EMT)simulation in PSCAD/EMTDC is conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed coordinated control.The results show that the proposed approach can present a further substantial improvement for ECCC,especially enhancing the CF mitigation effect.
基金supported by NSF China(No.61960206002,62020106005,42050105,62061146002)Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research–Shanghai Jiao Tong University.
文摘Friendship paradox states that individuals are likely to have fewer friends than their friends do,on average.Despite of its wide existence and appealing applications in real social networks,the mathematical understanding of friendship paradox is very limited.Only few works provide theoretical evidence of single-step and multi-step friendship paradoxes,given that the neighbors of interest are onehop and multi-hop away from the target node.However,they consider non-evolving networks,as opposed to the topology of real social networks that are constantly growing over time.We are thus motivated to present a first look into friendship paradox in evolving networks,where newly added nodes preferentially attach themselves to those with higher degrees.Our analytical verification of both single-step and multistep friendship paradoxes in evolving networks,along with comparison to the non-evolving counterparts,discloses that“friendship paradox is even more paradoxical in evolving networks”,primarily from three aspects:1)we demonstrate a strengthened effect of single-step friendship paradox in evolving networks,with a larger probability(more than 0.8)of a random node’s neighbors having higher average degree than the random node itself;2)we unravel higher effectiveness of multi-step friendship paradox in seeking for influential nodes in evolving networks,as the rate of reaching the max degree node can be improved by a factor of at least Θ(t^(2/3))with t being the network size;3)we empirically verify our findings through both synthetic and real datasets,which suggest high agreements of results and consolidate the reasonability of evolving model for real social networks.
文摘Color is an essential component of beauty,a medium for expressing culture and attitude,and a catalyst for innovation and value creation.As Chinese styles and trends rise and return,traditional Chinese colors,regarded as the most profound visual expressions of Chinese civilization,are infused with new vitality and contemporary values.These colors,imbued with philosophical concepts and poetic aesthetics,continue to evolve.
文摘Academic journals are not only vital platforms for disseminating research findings but also key drivers of disciplinary and interdisciplinary advancement.As knowledge systems,research subjects,core questions,and application scenarios continuously evolve,research paradigms undergo constant innovation.Therefore,a journal’s scope must adapt to-and even lead-academic trends and demands.
文摘This paper, an addendum to “Dialectical Thermodynamics’ solution to the conceptual imbroglio that is the reversible path”, this journal, 10, 775-799, was written in response to the requests of several readers to provide further evidence of the said “imbroglio”. The evidence here presented relates to the incompatibility existing between the total-entropy and the Gibbs energy prescriptions for the reversible path. The previously published proof of the negentropic nature of the transformation of heat into work is here included to validate out conclusions about the Gibbs energy perspective.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022ZD0119003)and the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(No.61834005).
文摘The dynamic routing mechanism in evolvable networks enables adaptive reconfiguration of topol-ogical structures and transmission pathways based on real-time task requirements and data character-istics.However,the heightened architectural complexity and expanded parameter dimensionality in evolvable networks present significant implementation challenges when deployed in resource-con-strained environments.Due to the critical paths ignored,traditional pruning strategies cannot get a desired trade-off between accuracy and efficiency.For this reason,a critical path retention pruning(CPRP)method is proposed.By deeply traversing the computational graph,the dependency rela-tionship among nodes is derived.Then the nodes are grouped and sorted according to their contribu-tion value.The redundant operations are removed as much as possible while ensuring that the criti-cal path is not affected.As a result,computational efficiency is improved while a higher accuracy is maintained.On the CIFAR benchmark,the experimental results demonstrate that CPRP-induced pruning incurs accuracy degradation below 4.00%,while outperforming traditional feature-agnostic grouping methods by an average 8.98%accuracy improvement.Simultaneously,the pruned model attains a 2.41 times inference acceleration while achieving 48.92%parameter compression and 53.40%floating-point operations(FLOPs)reduction.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22278094 and 22379033)Guangdong Graduate Education Innovation Program(No.2023JGXM_102)+2 种基金the Basic and Applied Basic Research Program of Guangzhou(No.SL2024A03J00499)the University Innovation Team Scientific Research Project of Guangzhou(No.202235246)Hainan Province Graduate Innovation Research Project(No.Qhyb2023-143).
文摘Four-electron oxygen evolving reaction is limited by proton adsorption and desorption,making its reaction kinetics sluggish,which poses a major challenge for catalyst design.Here,we present an unsaturated coordination interface by constructing a fast electron transfer channel between Cu_(2)V_(2)O_(7)(CVO)and BiVO4(BVO).X-ray absorption spectroscopy(XAS)and theoretical calculations results confirm that CVO and BVO between interfaces are bonded by the way of unsaturated coordination oxygen(Ouc).The Ouc optimizes the O-O coupled energy barrier at the V active site and promotes the disconnection of O-H bond,which increases the photocurrent intensity of CVO by 6 times.In addition,due to the high electronegativity of the Ouc,the bonding energies of Bi-O and Cu-O at the interface are enhanced,resulting in the long-term stability of the photoanode during the water splitting.Finally,by integrating the working electrode with a polysilicon solar cell,we assembled a device that demonstrated exceptional catalytic performance,achieving a hydrogen production rate of 100.6μmol·cm^(-2),and maintaining a hydrogen-to-oxygen volume ratio of 2:1 after continuous operation for 4 h.This discovery aids in a deeper understanding of photoanode design and offers further insights for industrial applications.
基金Funded by National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(No.CY202036)。
文摘This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and distillation residue(DR)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and thermogravimetric analysis with mass spectrometry(TGA-MS).The results reveal the coexisting synergistic and antagonistic effects in the co-pyrolysis of SS/DR.The synergistic effect arises from hydrogen free radicals in SS and catalytic components in ash fractions,while the antagonistic effect is mainly due to the melting of DR on the surface of SS particles during pyrolysis and the reaction of SS ash with alkali metals to form inert substances.SS/DR co-pyrolysis reduces the yielding of coke and gas while increasing tar production.This study will promote the reduction,recycling,and harmless treatment of hazardous solid waste.
基金Funded by National College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program Project(No.CY202036)。
文摘This study explored the synergistic interaction of sewage sludge(SS)and automotive paint sludge(PS)during co-pyrolysis for the optimized treatment of sewage sludge in cement kiln systems,utilizing thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and thermogravimetric-mass spectrometry(TGA-MS).The result reveals the coexisting synergistic and antagonistic effects in the co-pyrolysis of SS/PS.The synergistic effect arises from hydrogen free radicals in SS and catalytic components in PS,while the main source of the antagonistic effect is that,during the mechanical mixing process,the SS/PS is converted from the particulate form into a dough-like rubbery which contributes to the film-forming effect,hindering the volatilization of volatile components.SS/PS co-pyrolysis reduces the yielding of tar production while increasing coke and gas.This study will provide some in-depth insights into the co-pyrolysis of SS/PS,and offer theoretical support for the subsequent research on the collaborative disposal processes in cement kilns.
