From cracking the code of viruses to mentoring the next generation of scientists,the former president of Nankai University has contributed a lot to turning microscopic discoveries into monumental shields for global he...From cracking the code of viruses to mentoring the next generation of scientists,the former president of Nankai University has contributed a lot to turning microscopic discoveries into monumental shields for global health.OVER the past 40 years,one man has distinguished himself through a deep commitment to researching protein structures of high pathogenic viruses,and published numerous significant works in top international scientific journals.展开更多
The transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signaling pathways are pivotal regulators of cellular processes,playing indispensable roles in embryogenesis,postnatal development,and tissue...The transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signaling pathways are pivotal regulators of cellular processes,playing indispensable roles in embryogenesis,postnatal development,and tissue homeostasis.These pathways are particularly critical within the skeletal system,as they coordinate osteogenesis,chondrogenesis,and bone remodeling through intricate molecular mechanisms.TGF-β/BMP signaling is primarily transduced via canonical Smad-dependent pathways(e.g.,ligands,receptors,and intracellular Smads)and the non-canonical Smad-independent(e.g.,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)cascade.Both pathways converge on master transcriptional regulators,including Runx2 and Osterix,and their precise coordination is indispensable for skeletal development,maintenance,and repair.The dysregulation of TGF-β/BMP signaling contributes to a spectrum of skeletal dysplasia and bone pathologies.Advances in molecular genetics,particularly gene-targeting strategies and transgenic mouse models,have deepened our understanding of the spatiotemporal control of TGF-β/BMP signaling in bone and cartilage development.Moreover,emerging research underscores extensive crosstalk between TGF-β/BMP and other critical pathways,such as Wnt/β-catenin,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),parathyroid hormone(PTH)/PTH-related protein(PTHrP),fibroblast growth factors(FGF),Hedgehog,Notch,insulin-like growth factors(IGF)/insulin-like growth factors receptor(IGFR),Mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),and autophagy,forming an integrated regulatory network that ensures skeletal integrity.Our review synthesizes the current knowledge on the molecular components,regulatory mechanisms,and functional integration of TGF-β/BMP signaling in skeletal biology,with an emphasis on its roles in development,regeneration,and disease.By elucidating the molecular underpinnings of TGF-β/BMP pathways and their contextual interactions,we aim to highlight translational opportunities and novel therapeutic strategies for treating skeletal disorders.展开更多
As we welcome the spring of 2026,we extend our sincere greetings and best wishes to colleagues worldwide in the field of crop science,our partners,and all those committed to sustainable agricultural development!The Ye...As we welcome the spring of 2026,we extend our sincere greetings and best wishes to colleagues worldwide in the field of crop science,our partners,and all those committed to sustainable agricultural development!The Year of the Horse symbolizes endeavor and far-reaching journeys,reflecting our own spirit of continuous exploration and breakthrough innovation on the path of crop science.Here,I extendmysincere appreciation to all our authors and reviewers for their invaluable time,expertise,and dedication,which are instrumental in the success of The Crop Journal,establishing it as a premier platform for the global crop science research community.The Crop Journal publishes its 2026 first issue as a special issue themed“Synthetic Biology for Crop Improvement”,ably vip-edited by four young scientists.The issue provides a comprehensive overview of major advances in the field.In the past few years,crop science has made long strides in metabolic engineering of important pathways in secondary metabolism.The achievements expedite the emergence of synthetic biology as a potent methodology for crop breeding and represent a fundamental paradigm shift from“deciphering crops”to“designing crops”,which is further empowered by artificial intelligence(AI).At this turning point of the New Year,I would like to take this opportunity to provide a brief retrospective and future perspective.展开更多
There is currently a split within the cancer research community between traditional molecular biological hypothesis-driven and the more recent "omic" forms or research. While the molecular biological approac...There is currently a split within the cancer research community between traditional molecular biological hypothesis-driven and the more recent "omic" forms or research. While the molecular biological approach employs the tried and true single alteration-single response formulations of experimentation,the omic employs broad-based assay or sample collection approaches that generate large volumes of data. How to integrate the benefits of these two approaches in an efficient and productive fashion remains an outstanding issue. Ideally,one would merge the understandability,exactness,simplicity,and testability of the molecular biological approach,with the larger amounts of data,simultaneous consideration of multiple alterations,consideration of genes both of known interest along with the novel,cross-sample comparisons among cell lines and patient samples,and consideration of directed questions while simultaneously gaining exposure to the novel provided by the omic approach. While at the current time integration of the two disciplines remains problematic,attempts to do so are ongoing,and will be necessary for the understanding of the large cell line screens including the Developmental Therapeutics Program's NCI-60,the Broad Institute's Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia,and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute's Cancer Genome Project,as well as the the Cancer Genome Atlas clinical samples project. Going forward there is significant benefit to be had from the integration of the molecular biological and the omic forms or research,with the desired goal being improved translational understanding and application.展开更多
Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture,offering innovative solutions to enhance food security,provide resilience to climate change,and transition to sustainable farming practices....Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture,offering innovative solutions to enhance food security,provide resilience to climate change,and transition to sustainable farming practices.By integrating advanced genetic tools,computational modeling,and systems biology,researchers can precisely modify plant genomes to enhance traits such as yield,stress tolerance,and nutrient use efficiency.The ability to design plants with specific characteristics tailored to diverse environmental conditions and agricultural needs holds great potential to address global food security challenges.Here,we highlight recent advancements and applications of plant synthetic biology in agriculture,focusing on key areas such as photosynthetic efficiency,nitrogen fixation,drought tolerance,pathogen resistance,nutrient use efficiency,biofortification,climate resilience,microbiology engineering,synthetic plant genomes,and the integration of artificial intelligence with synthetic biology.These innovations aim to maximize resource use efficiency,reduce reliance on external inputs,and mitigate environmental impacts associated with conventional agricultural practices.Despite challenges related to regulatory approval and public acceptance,the integration of synthetic biology in agriculture holds immense promise for creating more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems,contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability.Rigorous multi-field testing of these approaches will undoubtedly be required to ensure reproducibility.展开更多
The use of synthetic biology technology to develop cosmetic ingredients is attracting widespread attention due to its effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.This article explains the concept of synthetic ...The use of synthetic biology technology to develop cosmetic ingredients is attracting widespread attention due to its effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.This article explains the concept of synthetic biology and its key technologies and current status in the production of cosmetic ingredients.It also briefly analyzes the regulatory approaches to synthetic biology-based cosmetic ingredients in different countries and regions,providing guidance for the management of this field in China.The goal is to ensure product safety,enhance consumer trust,and promote the healthy development of the industry.展开更多
Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical ...Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.展开更多
Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biologi...Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biological activities and phytochemical constituents of extracts derived from its leaves and seed cones,the present study systematically investigates their mineral and phenolic profiles alongside their multifunctional bioactive potential.Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)analysis revealed a substantial abundance of essential macro-and microelements.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)further identified high concentrations of phenolic acids(e.g.,p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(e.g.,rutin and quercetin).The extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),robust antioxidant capacity against hydrogen peroxide,and significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(XO)activity.Notably,both extracts demonstrated marked antibacterial efficacy.In silico molecular docking studies suggested that the antimicrobial activity may stem from the phenolic constituents,which exhibited favorable binding affinities to the active site of bacterial target proteins.These findings underscore J.oxycedrus as a promising reservoir of bioactive natural compounds,warranting further exploration for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is increasingly used in the field of education,but its application in molecular biology experimental teaching still faces challenges.In order to explore the application prospects ...Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is increasingly used in the field of education,but its application in molecular biology experimental teaching still faces challenges.In order to explore the application prospects of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,this paper discusses the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,focusing on the construction and application of virtual laboratories.At the same time,the advantages,challenges and future development directions of AI technology application are analyzed.The study found that AI technology has broad application prospects in molecular biology experimental teaching.AI technology can overcome many limitations in traditional experimental teaching,and can also provide personalized learning experience,real-time feedback and evaluation,and simulate complex molecular processes.However,the application of AI technology also faces challenges such as technology cost,teacher training,and curriculum design.In summary,the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching has significant advantages and can effectively improve teaching quality and learning effects.In the future,we should strengthen the integration of AI technology and traditional teaching methods,develop more AI teaching tools suitable for the characteristics of molecular biology,and focus on cultivating students’practical ability and innovative thinking.This study provides new ideas and directions for promoting the reform and innovation of molecular biology experimental teaching.展开更多
With the development of social economy,the subjects,methods,and contents of ideological and political education have undergone changes.It is not only necessary to give full play to the role of ideological and politica...With the development of social economy,the subjects,methods,and contents of ideological and political education have undergone changes.It is not only necessary to give full play to the role of ideological and political courses but also to focus on exploring teaching forms and methods to promote the realization of the goal of“fostering virtue through education”.Under the background of the new curriculum reform,in middle school biology teaching,it is necessary to implement“fostering virtue through education”,carry out ideological and political education,effectively improve the effect of talent training,and promote the development of students’values.From the perspective of middle school biology,this paper discusses the necessity of integrating curriculum ideology and politics,analyzes the principles that should be followed in the infiltration of ideological and political elements,and puts forward specific strategies for biology teaching practice,aiming to cultivate students’good values and lay a solid foundation for their subsequent knowledge learning.展开更多
Under the background of the continuous deepening of engineering education accreditation and the construction of emerging engineering disciplines,a digital platform-assisted teaching model was explored for the teaching...Under the background of the continuous deepening of engineering education accreditation and the construction of emerging engineering disciplines,a digital platform-assisted teaching model was explored for the teaching reform of the molecular biology course to effectively support the achievement of graduation requirements for bioengineering major and enhance the teaching outcomes of the molecular biology course.The teaching reform of this course took the 2022 cohort students majoring in bioengineering in Chengdu University as the practice object.The course evaluation method was improved by integrating digital platforms for process assessment,and real-world research and practical cases were incorporated into digital platforms to enrich teaching resources.Additionally,digital platforms were integrated throughout the entire teaching process(before,during,and after class),reshaping the instructional workflow into"pre-class online self-learning,in-class teacher-student interaction for deepening knowledge internalization,and practical case studies during and after class for strengthening application".The teaching reform results demonstrated that this teaching model significantly improved the attainment of course objectives,providing valuable experience for similar institutions to advance digital course reforms under the framework of engineering education accreditation.展开更多
Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges,including drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity,which highlight the need for multitarget strategies.This review examines the molecular compatibility theory ...Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges,including drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity,which highlight the need for multitarget strategies.This review examines the molecular compatibility theory in integrative oncology,which combines traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with systems biology to address these limitations.TCM formulas,such as Banxia Xiexin decoction and Qiqin Huchang formula,contain bioactive compounds(e.g.,quercetin and berberine)that modulate interconnected pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase)and the tumor microenvironment,thereby promoting apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis,and regulating immune responses.The theory modernizes TCM’s“Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi”principle by optimizing herb combinations through network pharmacology and omics technologies.For instance,Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao(Huang Qi)-Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.(E Zhu)pairs co-target hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha to suppress metastasis,while artificial intelligence-driven models predict synergistic interactions such as quercetin-cyclin-dependent kinase 1 inhibition.Clinical studies have shown improved outcomes;for instance,modified Banxia Xiexin decoction reduces chemotherapy-induced toxicity in gastric cancer,and Xihuang pill enhances immunotherapy via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-programmed death-ligand 1 modulation.Despite these advances,challenges remain in standardization and mechanistic validation.Future research should prioritize single-cell sequencing,organoid models,and international collaboration to refine personalized therapies and translate TCM into evidence-based oncology.By integrating empirical knowledge with modern science,molecular compatibility theory provides a robust framework for multitarget drug development and the advancement of integrative cancer therapies.展开更多
Synthetic biology(SynBio)is an emerging field of study with great potential in designing,engineering,and constructing new microbial synthetic cells that do not pre-exist in nature or re-engineering existing cells to a...Synthetic biology(SynBio)is an emerging field of study with great potential in designing,engineering,and constructing new microbial synthetic cells that do not pre-exist in nature or re-engineering existing cells to accomplish industrial purposes.Systems biology seeks to understand biology at multiple dimensions,beginning with the molecular and cellular level and progressing to the tissues and organismal level and characterizes cells as complex information-processing systems.SynBio,on the other hand,toggles further and strives to develop and create its systems from scratch.SynBio is now applied in the development of novel therapeutic drugs for the prevention of human diseases,scale up industrial processes,and accomplish previously unfeasible industrial outcomes.This is made possible through significant breakthroughs in DNA sequencing and synthesis technology,as well as insights gained from synthetic chemistry and systems biology.SynBio technologies have allowed for the introduction of improved and synthetic metabolic functionalities in microorganisms to enable the synthesis of a range of pharmacologically-relevant compounds for pharmaceutical exploration.SynBio applications range from finding new ways to making industrial chemical synthesis processes more sustainable as well as the microbial synthesis of improved therapeutic modalities.Hence,this study underpins several innovations,auspicious potentials,and future directions afforded by SynBio that proposes improved industrial microbial synthesis for pharmaceutical exploration.展开更多
1 Plant SecondaryMetabolism and Functional Biology Progress Plants have long been recognized as biochemical powerhouses,producing a vast array of compounds through their secondary metabolic pathways[1].Although histor...1 Plant SecondaryMetabolism and Functional Biology Progress Plants have long been recognized as biochemical powerhouses,producing a vast array of compounds through their secondary metabolic pathways[1].Although historically referred to as‘secondary’due to their perceived non-essential role in basic plant survival,it is now understood that these metabolites are integral to plant growth,development and adaptation to environmental challenges.Secondary metabolites,such as alkaloids,terpenoids,phenolics and flavonoids,serve as critical mediators of plant-environment interactions,conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors[2].Beyond their ecological functions,these compounds are invaluable to humans,supporting industries ranging from pharmaceuticals and nutrition to agrochemicals and chemical additives.展开更多
In order to better implement the“Three-Dimensional Education”and cultivate high-quality nursing talents,the integration of ideological and political education into the pathogen biology curriculum promotes curriculum...In order to better implement the“Three-Dimensional Education”and cultivate high-quality nursing talents,the integration of ideological and political education into the pathogen biology curriculum promotes curriculum reform and application.This article explores the use of various teaching methods and means in the teaching process of pathogen biology under the guidance of ideological and political education,aiming to stimulate students’learning interest,cultivate their autonomous learning ability,independent thinking,problem-analyzing and problem-solving abilities,and thus improve their comprehensive qualities and medical professional literacy.展开更多
The outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia has had a serious impact on the world and has led to a greater awareness of the importance of infectious disease prevention and control.Biology is closely related to life sciences an...The outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia has had a serious impact on the world and has led to a greater awareness of the importance of infectious disease prevention and control.Biology is closely related to life sciences and is an ideal discipline to penetrate infectious disease education.Conducting infectious disease prevention and control education can help increase students’knowledge of infectious disease prevention and control and prompt them to form good living habits.展开更多
From the club-like limbs of the mantis shrimp to the texture of a cicada's wing,recently reported studies of the structures found in living creatures are fostering innovations in synthetic materials.The work shows...From the club-like limbs of the mantis shrimp to the texture of a cicada's wing,recently reported studies of the structures found in living creatures are fostering innovations in synthetic materials.The work shows how biological research can underpin the development of novel materials that adopt key attributes or functions of natural substances with the goal of applying them in improved,often high-technology products[1].展开更多
文摘From cracking the code of viruses to mentoring the next generation of scientists,the former president of Nankai University has contributed a lot to turning microscopic discoveries into monumental shields for global health.OVER the past 40 years,one man has distinguished himself through a deep commitment to researching protein structures of high pathogenic viruses,and published numerous significant works in top international scientific journals.
基金supported by grants by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82571024,No.81400489)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LZ23H140001,LTGY23H200006,LGC22H200012)+3 种基金Zhejiang Qianjiang Talent Program(21040040-E)the Fundamental Research Funds of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(2021Q031)Zhejiang Jiaxing Science Technology Foundation(2023AZ31004,2023AY11045,2023AY31012,2020AY10001)Zhejiang Drug&Health Foundation(2022507032,2023KY340)。
文摘The transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signaling pathways are pivotal regulators of cellular processes,playing indispensable roles in embryogenesis,postnatal development,and tissue homeostasis.These pathways are particularly critical within the skeletal system,as they coordinate osteogenesis,chondrogenesis,and bone remodeling through intricate molecular mechanisms.TGF-β/BMP signaling is primarily transduced via canonical Smad-dependent pathways(e.g.,ligands,receptors,and intracellular Smads)and the non-canonical Smad-independent(e.g.,p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase,MAPK)cascade.Both pathways converge on master transcriptional regulators,including Runx2 and Osterix,and their precise coordination is indispensable for skeletal development,maintenance,and repair.The dysregulation of TGF-β/BMP signaling contributes to a spectrum of skeletal dysplasia and bone pathologies.Advances in molecular genetics,particularly gene-targeting strategies and transgenic mouse models,have deepened our understanding of the spatiotemporal control of TGF-β/BMP signaling in bone and cartilage development.Moreover,emerging research underscores extensive crosstalk between TGF-β/BMP and other critical pathways,such as Wnt/β-catenin,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),parathyroid hormone(PTH)/PTH-related protein(PTHrP),fibroblast growth factors(FGF),Hedgehog,Notch,insulin-like growth factors(IGF)/insulin-like growth factors receptor(IGFR),Mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR),and autophagy,forming an integrated regulatory network that ensures skeletal integrity.Our review synthesizes the current knowledge on the molecular components,regulatory mechanisms,and functional integration of TGF-β/BMP signaling in skeletal biology,with an emphasis on its roles in development,regeneration,and disease.By elucidating the molecular underpinnings of TGF-β/BMP pathways and their contextual interactions,we aim to highlight translational opportunities and novel therapeutic strategies for treating skeletal disorders.
文摘As we welcome the spring of 2026,we extend our sincere greetings and best wishes to colleagues worldwide in the field of crop science,our partners,and all those committed to sustainable agricultural development!The Year of the Horse symbolizes endeavor and far-reaching journeys,reflecting our own spirit of continuous exploration and breakthrough innovation on the path of crop science.Here,I extendmysincere appreciation to all our authors and reviewers for their invaluable time,expertise,and dedication,which are instrumental in the success of The Crop Journal,establishing it as a premier platform for the global crop science research community.The Crop Journal publishes its 2026 first issue as a special issue themed“Synthetic Biology for Crop Improvement”,ably vip-edited by four young scientists.The issue provides a comprehensive overview of major advances in the field.In the past few years,crop science has made long strides in metabolic engineering of important pathways in secondary metabolism.The achievements expedite the emergence of synthetic biology as a potent methodology for crop breeding and represent a fundamental paradigm shift from“deciphering crops”to“designing crops”,which is further empowered by artificial intelligence(AI).At this turning point of the New Year,I would like to take this opportunity to provide a brief retrospective and future perspective.
文摘There is currently a split within the cancer research community between traditional molecular biological hypothesis-driven and the more recent "omic" forms or research. While the molecular biological approach employs the tried and true single alteration-single response formulations of experimentation,the omic employs broad-based assay or sample collection approaches that generate large volumes of data. How to integrate the benefits of these two approaches in an efficient and productive fashion remains an outstanding issue. Ideally,one would merge the understandability,exactness,simplicity,and testability of the molecular biological approach,with the larger amounts of data,simultaneous consideration of multiple alterations,consideration of genes both of known interest along with the novel,cross-sample comparisons among cell lines and patient samples,and consideration of directed questions while simultaneously gaining exposure to the novel provided by the omic approach. While at the current time integration of the two disciplines remains problematic,attempts to do so are ongoing,and will be necessary for the understanding of the large cell line screens including the Developmental Therapeutics Program's NCI-60,the Broad Institute's Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia,and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute's Cancer Genome Project,as well as the the Cancer Genome Atlas clinical samples project. Going forward there is significant benefit to be had from the integration of the molecular biological and the omic forms or research,with the desired goal being improved translational understanding and application.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Category B,XDB1090000).
文摘Plant synthetic biology has emerged as a transformative field in agriculture,offering innovative solutions to enhance food security,provide resilience to climate change,and transition to sustainable farming practices.By integrating advanced genetic tools,computational modeling,and systems biology,researchers can precisely modify plant genomes to enhance traits such as yield,stress tolerance,and nutrient use efficiency.The ability to design plants with specific characteristics tailored to diverse environmental conditions and agricultural needs holds great potential to address global food security challenges.Here,we highlight recent advancements and applications of plant synthetic biology in agriculture,focusing on key areas such as photosynthetic efficiency,nitrogen fixation,drought tolerance,pathogen resistance,nutrient use efficiency,biofortification,climate resilience,microbiology engineering,synthetic plant genomes,and the integration of artificial intelligence with synthetic biology.These innovations aim to maximize resource use efficiency,reduce reliance on external inputs,and mitigate environmental impacts associated with conventional agricultural practices.Despite challenges related to regulatory approval and public acceptance,the integration of synthetic biology in agriculture holds immense promise for creating more resilient and sustainable agricultural systems,contributing to global food security and environmental sustainability.Rigorous multi-field testing of these approaches will undoubtedly be required to ensure reproducibility.
文摘The use of synthetic biology technology to develop cosmetic ingredients is attracting widespread attention due to its effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.This article explains the concept of synthetic biology and its key technologies and current status in the production of cosmetic ingredients.It also briefly analyzes the regulatory approaches to synthetic biology-based cosmetic ingredients in different countries and regions,providing guidance for the management of this field in China.The goal is to ensure product safety,enhance consumer trust,and promote the healthy development of the industry.
文摘Thyroid nodules are common,with a prevalence of approximately 70%on thyroid ultrasonography;approximately 5%of these nodules are malignant.Distingui-shing malignant and benign thyroid nodules is critical for clinical management.Clinicians can judiciously select patients for fine-needle aspiration,understand the cytology results and subsequent follow-up,and determine surveillance stra-tegies for non-operated nodules.The challenge in selecting thyroid nodules for fine-needle aspiration is to avoid the diagnosis of small,clinically insignificant cancers without missing more severe diseases.The molecular characteristics of thyroid nodules are critical for their diagnosis and treatment.However,iden-tifying these characteristics is costly and challenging because of unexpected technical difficulties.An imaging association model based on molecular features will bridge the essential link between molecular characteristics and the computed tomography radiomics,then improve diagnostic efficiency,reducing invasive examinations.
文摘Juniperus oxycedrus(J.oxycedrus)is a traditional culinary spice and medicinal herb with a longstanding history of ethnopharmacological applications across diverse cultures.While prior research has explored the biological activities and phytochemical constituents of extracts derived from its leaves and seed cones,the present study systematically investigates their mineral and phenolic profiles alongside their multifunctional bioactive potential.Inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy(ICP-AES)analysis revealed a substantial abundance of essential macro-and microelements.Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography(RP-HPLC)further identified high concentrations of phenolic acids(e.g.,p-coumaric acid)and flavonoids(e.g.,rutin and quercetin).The extracts exhibited potent radical scavenging activity against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH),robust antioxidant capacity against hydrogen peroxide,and significant inhibition of xanthine oxidase(XO)activity.Notably,both extracts demonstrated marked antibacterial efficacy.In silico molecular docking studies suggested that the antimicrobial activity may stem from the phenolic constituents,which exhibited favorable binding affinities to the active site of bacterial target proteins.These findings underscore J.oxycedrus as a promising reservoir of bioactive natural compounds,warranting further exploration for therapeutic and nutraceutical applications.
基金Construction Project of Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Engineering for Undergraduate Universities in Guangdong Province(Project No.:2023-248)First-Class Undergraduate Course in Guangdong Province-Molecular Biology Experiment 2023+1 种基金Curriculum Ideology and Politics Demonstration Project of Lingnan Normal University(Project No.:2022-6&2024-44)Construction Project of Teaching Quality and Teaching Reform Engineering of Lingnan Normal University(Project No.:2024-24)。
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is increasingly used in the field of education,but its application in molecular biology experimental teaching still faces challenges.In order to explore the application prospects of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,this paper discusses the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching,focusing on the construction and application of virtual laboratories.At the same time,the advantages,challenges and future development directions of AI technology application are analyzed.The study found that AI technology has broad application prospects in molecular biology experimental teaching.AI technology can overcome many limitations in traditional experimental teaching,and can also provide personalized learning experience,real-time feedback and evaluation,and simulate complex molecular processes.However,the application of AI technology also faces challenges such as technology cost,teacher training,and curriculum design.In summary,the application of AI technology in molecular biology experimental teaching has significant advantages and can effectively improve teaching quality and learning effects.In the future,we should strengthen the integration of AI technology and traditional teaching methods,develop more AI teaching tools suitable for the characteristics of molecular biology,and focus on cultivating students’practical ability and innovative thinking.This study provides new ideas and directions for promoting the reform and innovation of molecular biology experimental teaching.
文摘With the development of social economy,the subjects,methods,and contents of ideological and political education have undergone changes.It is not only necessary to give full play to the role of ideological and political courses but also to focus on exploring teaching forms and methods to promote the realization of the goal of“fostering virtue through education”.Under the background of the new curriculum reform,in middle school biology teaching,it is necessary to implement“fostering virtue through education”,carry out ideological and political education,effectively improve the effect of talent training,and promote the development of students’values.From the perspective of middle school biology,this paper discusses the necessity of integrating curriculum ideology and politics,analyzes the principles that should be followed in the infiltration of ideological and political elements,and puts forward specific strategies for biology teaching practice,aiming to cultivate students’good values and lay a solid foundation for their subsequent knowledge learning.
基金Supported by 2023 Major Project for Talent Cultivation and Teaching Reform in Higher Education of Sichuan Province(JG2023-77)2024-2026 Undergraduate Education and Teaching Reform Project of Chengdu University(XJJG-20242025264).
文摘Under the background of the continuous deepening of engineering education accreditation and the construction of emerging engineering disciplines,a digital platform-assisted teaching model was explored for the teaching reform of the molecular biology course to effectively support the achievement of graduation requirements for bioengineering major and enhance the teaching outcomes of the molecular biology course.The teaching reform of this course took the 2022 cohort students majoring in bioengineering in Chengdu University as the practice object.The course evaluation method was improved by integrating digital platforms for process assessment,and real-world research and practical cases were incorporated into digital platforms to enrich teaching resources.Additionally,digital platforms were integrated throughout the entire teaching process(before,during,and after class),reshaping the instructional workflow into"pre-class online self-learning,in-class teacher-student interaction for deepening knowledge internalization,and practical case studies during and after class for strengthening application".The teaching reform results demonstrated that this teaching model significantly improved the attainment of course objectives,providing valuable experience for similar institutions to advance digital course reforms under the framework of engineering education accreditation.
基金supported from the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2025C02198)Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Co-construction Science and Technology Plan Project(GZY-ZJ-KJ-24083).
文摘Cancer therapy continues to face major challenges,including drug resistance,toxicity,and tumor heterogeneity,which highlight the need for multitarget strategies.This review examines the molecular compatibility theory in integrative oncology,which combines traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)with systems biology to address these limitations.TCM formulas,such as Banxia Xiexin decoction and Qiqin Huchang formula,contain bioactive compounds(e.g.,quercetin and berberine)that modulate interconnected pathways(phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase)and the tumor microenvironment,thereby promoting apoptosis,inhibiting angiogenesis,and regulating immune responses.The theory modernizes TCM’s“Jun-Chen-Zuo-Shi”principle by optimizing herb combinations through network pharmacology and omics technologies.For instance,Astragalus membranaceus(Fisch.)Bge.var.mongholicus(Bge.)Hsiao(Huang Qi)-Curcuma phaeocaulis Val.(E Zhu)pairs co-target hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha to suppress metastasis,while artificial intelligence-driven models predict synergistic interactions such as quercetin-cyclin-dependent kinase 1 inhibition.Clinical studies have shown improved outcomes;for instance,modified Banxia Xiexin decoction reduces chemotherapy-induced toxicity in gastric cancer,and Xihuang pill enhances immunotherapy via signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-programmed death-ligand 1 modulation.Despite these advances,challenges remain in standardization and mechanistic validation.Future research should prioritize single-cell sequencing,organoid models,and international collaboration to refine personalized therapies and translate TCM into evidence-based oncology.By integrating empirical knowledge with modern science,molecular compatibility theory provides a robust framework for multitarget drug development and the advancement of integrative cancer therapies.
文摘Synthetic biology(SynBio)is an emerging field of study with great potential in designing,engineering,and constructing new microbial synthetic cells that do not pre-exist in nature or re-engineering existing cells to accomplish industrial purposes.Systems biology seeks to understand biology at multiple dimensions,beginning with the molecular and cellular level and progressing to the tissues and organismal level and characterizes cells as complex information-processing systems.SynBio,on the other hand,toggles further and strives to develop and create its systems from scratch.SynBio is now applied in the development of novel therapeutic drugs for the prevention of human diseases,scale up industrial processes,and accomplish previously unfeasible industrial outcomes.This is made possible through significant breakthroughs in DNA sequencing and synthesis technology,as well as insights gained from synthetic chemistry and systems biology.SynBio technologies have allowed for the introduction of improved and synthetic metabolic functionalities in microorganisms to enable the synthesis of a range of pharmacologically-relevant compounds for pharmaceutical exploration.SynBio applications range from finding new ways to making industrial chemical synthesis processes more sustainable as well as the microbial synthesis of improved therapeutic modalities.Hence,this study underpins several innovations,auspicious potentials,and future directions afforded by SynBio that proposes improved industrial microbial synthesis for pharmaceutical exploration.
基金supported by High Level Talents Research Initiation Fund of West Anhui University(WGKQ2022025)Quality Engineering Project of Anhui Province(2024zybj032)+1 种基金Quality Engineering Project of West Anhui University(wxxy2024011)Development of Big Data Integration and Analysis Platform for Traditional Chinese Medicine Genomics(0045025050).
文摘1 Plant SecondaryMetabolism and Functional Biology Progress Plants have long been recognized as biochemical powerhouses,producing a vast array of compounds through their secondary metabolic pathways[1].Although historically referred to as‘secondary’due to their perceived non-essential role in basic plant survival,it is now understood that these metabolites are integral to plant growth,development and adaptation to environmental challenges.Secondary metabolites,such as alkaloids,terpenoids,phenolics and flavonoids,serve as critical mediators of plant-environment interactions,conferring resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors[2].Beyond their ecological functions,these compounds are invaluable to humans,supporting industries ranging from pharmaceuticals and nutrition to agrochemicals and chemical additives.
文摘In order to better implement the“Three-Dimensional Education”and cultivate high-quality nursing talents,the integration of ideological and political education into the pathogen biology curriculum promotes curriculum reform and application.This article explores the use of various teaching methods and means in the teaching process of pathogen biology under the guidance of ideological and political education,aiming to stimulate students’learning interest,cultivate their autonomous learning ability,independent thinking,problem-analyzing and problem-solving abilities,and thus improve their comprehensive qualities and medical professional literacy.
基金Anqing Normal University School-Level Teaching and Research Project(2022aqnujyxm32)Anqing Normal University Provincial Graduate Online CourseAnhui Province Graduate Student Online Course on Animal Ecology。
文摘The outbreak of COVID-19 pneumonia has had a serious impact on the world and has led to a greater awareness of the importance of infectious disease prevention and control.Biology is closely related to life sciences and is an ideal discipline to penetrate infectious disease education.Conducting infectious disease prevention and control education can help increase students’knowledge of infectious disease prevention and control and prompt them to form good living habits.
文摘From the club-like limbs of the mantis shrimp to the texture of a cicada's wing,recently reported studies of the structures found in living creatures are fostering innovations in synthetic materials.The work shows how biological research can underpin the development of novel materials that adopt key attributes or functions of natural substances with the goal of applying them in improved,often high-technology products[1].
