Objective: To summarize and evaluate the evidence of guidelines and systematic reviews(SRs) of nonpharmacological interventions for mild cognitive impairment(MCI) to support the development of future guidelines and cl...Objective: To summarize and evaluate the evidence of guidelines and systematic reviews(SRs) of nonpharmacological interventions for mild cognitive impairment(MCI) to support the development of future guidelines and clinical decisions for MCI patients.Methods: Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network(SIGN), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE), American Academy of Neurology(AAN), Registered Nurses Association of Ontario(RNAO), Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNAHL, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), and Wanfang Database were searched for relevant publications, including guidelines and SRs, from January 2014 to March 2019. Two authors independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the publications for adherence to the inclusion criteria. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation(AGREE II) was used to assess the quality of the guidelines, and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews(AMSTAR 2) was used to assess the quality of SRs. In addition, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation(GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of outcomes.Results: Thirty-two articles were retrieved, including 1 guideline and 31 SRs. Fourteen SRs of physical exercise for MCI, six articles describing cognitive interventions, four articles describing acupuncture, and seven articles assessing dietary interventions(including four articles employing a Mediterranean diet, one article using vitamin B supplementation, and two articles assessing the effects of tea, coffee, and caffeine) were included. The quality of the articles was very low for 4(13%), low for 10(32%), and moderate for 17(55%).Conclusions: Based on the evidence available to date, nonpharmacological interventions may improve the current cognitive function of persons with MCI. In particular, physical exercise, cognitive interventions, and acupuncture exerted promising effects. However, due to the limited number and quality of the included publications, additional high-quality reviews are needed to further confirm.展开更多
Leveraging unique resource advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to achieve innovative breakthroughs in research constitutes a core strategic imperative for its inheritance,innovation and development.At prese...Leveraging unique resource advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to achieve innovative breakthroughs in research constitutes a core strategic imperative for its inheritance,innovation and development.At present,the academic advances and scientific achievements in TCM serve as a key driving force for industry growth and advancement of the inheritance and innovation of TCM.To continuously strengthen the leading role of academic research,the China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM)attaches great importance to the latest research directions and academic results in TCM,and spotlights key advances and emerging trends in TCM scholarship.Since 2020,CACM has conducted the selection and release of the“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine”on a yearly basis.The selection of“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine in 2024”prioritized research that addresses clinical needs,answers scientific questions and drives industrial development.Highlighting exploratory,forward-looking,innovative and groundbreaking achievements,the following 10 breakthroughs were selected through a process of collection,systematic review and expert evaluation:New advances in prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases with“brain-gut”cross-organ strategy,high-level evidence support for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease(CVD)continuum with TCM,important breakthrough in the research on prevention and treatment of acute radiation injury with TCM,elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying“excellent shape and high quality”variation in cultivated American ginseng through domestication,biosynthesis of trace active ingredients such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids,pilot application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,research technology for unelucidated constituents of TCM,new drug delivery system in TCM,and establishment and preliminary application of integrated evidence chain-based effectiveness evaluation of TCM(iEC-Eff).展开更多
Forensic speaker recognition is experiencing a remarkable paradigm shift in terms of the evaluation framework and presentation of voice evidence.This paper proposes a new method of forensic automatic speaker recogniti...Forensic speaker recognition is experiencing a remarkable paradigm shift in terms of the evaluation framework and presentation of voice evidence.This paper proposes a new method of forensic automatic speaker recognition using the likelihood ratio framework to quantify the strength of voice evidence.The proposed method uses a reference database to calculate the within-and between-speaker variability.Some acoustic-phonetic features are extracted automatically using the software VbiceSauce.The effectiveness of the approach was tested using two Mandarin databases:A mobile telephone database and a landline database.The experimenfs results indicate that these acoustic-phonetic features do have some discriminating potential and are worth trying in discrimination.The automatic acoustic-phonetic features have acceptable discriminative performance and can provide more reliable results in evidence analysis when fused with other kind of voice features.展开更多
基金supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Program(No.NNSF-81603496)
文摘Objective: To summarize and evaluate the evidence of guidelines and systematic reviews(SRs) of nonpharmacological interventions for mild cognitive impairment(MCI) to support the development of future guidelines and clinical decisions for MCI patients.Methods: Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network(SIGN), National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence(NICE), American Academy of Neurology(AAN), Registered Nurses Association of Ontario(RNAO), Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CNAHL, VIP, China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), and Wanfang Database were searched for relevant publications, including guidelines and SRs, from January 2014 to March 2019. Two authors independently screened articles, extracted data, and assessed the publications for adherence to the inclusion criteria. Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation(AGREE II) was used to assess the quality of the guidelines, and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews(AMSTAR 2) was used to assess the quality of SRs. In addition, the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation(GRADE) approach was used to evaluate the quality of outcomes.Results: Thirty-two articles were retrieved, including 1 guideline and 31 SRs. Fourteen SRs of physical exercise for MCI, six articles describing cognitive interventions, four articles describing acupuncture, and seven articles assessing dietary interventions(including four articles employing a Mediterranean diet, one article using vitamin B supplementation, and two articles assessing the effects of tea, coffee, and caffeine) were included. The quality of the articles was very low for 4(13%), low for 10(32%), and moderate for 17(55%).Conclusions: Based on the evidence available to date, nonpharmacological interventions may improve the current cognitive function of persons with MCI. In particular, physical exercise, cognitive interventions, and acupuncture exerted promising effects. However, due to the limited number and quality of the included publications, additional high-quality reviews are needed to further confirm.
基金supported by the Project of Map of Scientific and Technological Talents in the Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.XMSB20240923106).
文摘Leveraging unique resource advantages of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)to achieve innovative breakthroughs in research constitutes a core strategic imperative for its inheritance,innovation and development.At present,the academic advances and scientific achievements in TCM serve as a key driving force for industry growth and advancement of the inheritance and innovation of TCM.To continuously strengthen the leading role of academic research,the China Association of Chinese Medicine(CACM)attaches great importance to the latest research directions and academic results in TCM,and spotlights key advances and emerging trends in TCM scholarship.Since 2020,CACM has conducted the selection and release of the“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine”on a yearly basis.The selection of“top 10 academic advances in traditional Chinese medicine in 2024”prioritized research that addresses clinical needs,answers scientific questions and drives industrial development.Highlighting exploratory,forward-looking,innovative and groundbreaking achievements,the following 10 breakthroughs were selected through a process of collection,systematic review and expert evaluation:New advances in prevention and treatment of digestive system diseases with“brain-gut”cross-organ strategy,high-level evidence support for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease(CVD)continuum with TCM,important breakthrough in the research on prevention and treatment of acute radiation injury with TCM,elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying“excellent shape and high quality”variation in cultivated American ginseng through domestication,biosynthesis of trace active ingredients such as benzylisoquinoline alkaloids,pilot application of artificial intelligence(AI)technology,research technology for unelucidated constituents of TCM,new drug delivery system in TCM,and establishment and preliminary application of integrated evidence chain-based effectiveness evaluation of TCM(iEC-Eff).
文摘Forensic speaker recognition is experiencing a remarkable paradigm shift in terms of the evaluation framework and presentation of voice evidence.This paper proposes a new method of forensic automatic speaker recognition using the likelihood ratio framework to quantify the strength of voice evidence.The proposed method uses a reference database to calculate the within-and between-speaker variability.Some acoustic-phonetic features are extracted automatically using the software VbiceSauce.The effectiveness of the approach was tested using two Mandarin databases:A mobile telephone database and a landline database.The experimenfs results indicate that these acoustic-phonetic features do have some discriminating potential and are worth trying in discrimination.The automatic acoustic-phonetic features have acceptable discriminative performance and can provide more reliable results in evidence analysis when fused with other kind of voice features.
