Climate and weather significantly influence the duration,timing,and intensity of disease outbreaks,reshaping the global landscape of infectious diseases.Rising temperatures and shifts in precipitation patterns driven ...Climate and weather significantly influence the duration,timing,and intensity of disease outbreaks,reshaping the global landscape of infectious diseases.Rising temperatures and shifts in precipitation patterns driven by climate change can directly impact the survival and reproduction of pathogens and vector organisms.Moreover,climate change is expected to exacerbate extreme weather events,including floods and droughts,which can disrupt infrastructure and increase the risk of waterand foodborne diseases.There are potential shifts in the temporal and spatial patterns of infectious disease transmission owing to climate change.Furthermore,climate change may alter the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases.These climatic variations not only affect the ecological characteristics of pathogens and vectors but also indirectly influence human behaviors and socioeconomic conditions,further amplifying disease transmission risks.Addressing this challenge requires an interdisciplinary collaboration and comprehensive public health strategies.This review aims to synthesize the current evidence on the impact of climate change on climate-sensitive infectious diseases and elucidate the underlying mechanisms and transmission pathways.Additionally,we explored adaptive policy strategies to mitigate the public health burden of infectious diseases in the context of climate change,offering insights for global health governance and disease control efforts.展开更多
Research into the long-recognized‘Cambrian Explosion’of animal life(e.g.,Lipps and Signor,1992;Briggs,2015)has,in recent decades,increasingly sought to resolve the interplay between evolutionary,geochemical and envi...Research into the long-recognized‘Cambrian Explosion’of animal life(e.g.,Lipps and Signor,1992;Briggs,2015)has,in recent decades,increasingly sought to resolve the interplay between evolutionary,geochemical and environmental changes that occurred over an extended Ediacaran to Cambrian transitional interval.This wider interval encompasses several significant geological events,including large-scale glaciations,supercontinental reorganization,global marine transgression,and perturbations in oxygen levels,other isotope proxies,and UV-B radiation(summarised in Narbonne et al.,2012;Meert et al.,2016).These events occurred contemporaneously with evolutionary developments including the radiation of macroscopic eukaryotes,the appearance of the extant animal phyla,the onset of burrowing and biological sediment processing,and the evolution of biomineralization(e.g.,Kouchinsky et al.,2012;Mangano and Buatois,2016;Cunningham et al.,2017).Biological and geological phenomena are widely considered to have been linked during the Ediacaran to Cambrian transition(e.g.,Canfield et al.,2007;Sperling et al.,2013;Boyle et al.,2014;Herringshaw et al.,2017;Shields,2017),and their interaction across this interval is an area of considerable scientific interest.Stratigraphic correlation and subdivision of Ediacaran and Cambrian sections worldwide has been identified as a key objective in order to better understand the co-evolution of the Earth and life systems,and in recent years there have been substantial advances in discussions relating to this challenge(Narbonne et al.,2012;Peng et al.,2012;Landing et al.,2013b;Babcock et al.,2014;Xiao et al.,2016).展开更多
To defend against pathogen attacks,plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system comprising pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI).Upon recognizing ...To defend against pathogen attacks,plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system comprising pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI).Upon recognizing invading pathogens,plant cells rapidly initiate a series of immune signaling events,including a burst of reactive oxygen species(ROS),activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascades,calcium flux,phytohormone signaling,and post-translational modifications(PTMs)of target proteins.Since immunity activation is energetically costly and often associated with growth,development.展开更多
Hypertrophic scar and keloid are a major medical problem,which may lead to disfigurement,growth restriction,and permanent loss of function,causing severe physical,psychological,and economic burdens.1 When skin injury ...Hypertrophic scar and keloid are a major medical problem,which may lead to disfigurement,growth restriction,and permanent loss of function,causing severe physical,psychological,and economic burdens.1 When skin injury occurs,the wound heals through a dynamic series of physiological events,including blood clotting,granulation tissue formation,re-epithelialization,and extracellular matrix remodeling.2 However,the newly formed extracellular matrix in a scar may never achieve the flexibility or strength of the original tissue.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number 72122001).
文摘Climate and weather significantly influence the duration,timing,and intensity of disease outbreaks,reshaping the global landscape of infectious diseases.Rising temperatures and shifts in precipitation patterns driven by climate change can directly impact the survival and reproduction of pathogens and vector organisms.Moreover,climate change is expected to exacerbate extreme weather events,including floods and droughts,which can disrupt infrastructure and increase the risk of waterand foodborne diseases.There are potential shifts in the temporal and spatial patterns of infectious disease transmission owing to climate change.Furthermore,climate change may alter the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases.These climatic variations not only affect the ecological characteristics of pathogens and vectors but also indirectly influence human behaviors and socioeconomic conditions,further amplifying disease transmission risks.Addressing this challenge requires an interdisciplinary collaboration and comprehensive public health strategies.This review aims to synthesize the current evidence on the impact of climate change on climate-sensitive infectious diseases and elucidate the underlying mechanisms and transmission pathways.Additionally,we explored adaptive policy strategies to mitigate the public health burden of infectious diseases in the context of climate change,offering insights for global health governance and disease control efforts.
文摘Research into the long-recognized‘Cambrian Explosion’of animal life(e.g.,Lipps and Signor,1992;Briggs,2015)has,in recent decades,increasingly sought to resolve the interplay between evolutionary,geochemical and environmental changes that occurred over an extended Ediacaran to Cambrian transitional interval.This wider interval encompasses several significant geological events,including large-scale glaciations,supercontinental reorganization,global marine transgression,and perturbations in oxygen levels,other isotope proxies,and UV-B radiation(summarised in Narbonne et al.,2012;Meert et al.,2016).These events occurred contemporaneously with evolutionary developments including the radiation of macroscopic eukaryotes,the appearance of the extant animal phyla,the onset of burrowing and biological sediment processing,and the evolution of biomineralization(e.g.,Kouchinsky et al.,2012;Mangano and Buatois,2016;Cunningham et al.,2017).Biological and geological phenomena are widely considered to have been linked during the Ediacaran to Cambrian transition(e.g.,Canfield et al.,2007;Sperling et al.,2013;Boyle et al.,2014;Herringshaw et al.,2017;Shields,2017),and their interaction across this interval is an area of considerable scientific interest.Stratigraphic correlation and subdivision of Ediacaran and Cambrian sections worldwide has been identified as a key objective in order to better understand the co-evolution of the Earth and life systems,and in recent years there have been substantial advances in discussions relating to this challenge(Narbonne et al.,2012;Peng et al.,2012;Landing et al.,2013b;Babcock et al.,2014;Xiao et al.,2016).
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32072403 and No.31871945)for financial support。
文摘To defend against pathogen attacks,plants have evolved a sophisticated immune system comprising pathogen-associated molecular pattern(PAMP)-triggered immunity(PTI)and effector-triggered immunity(ETI).Upon recognizing invading pathogens,plant cells rapidly initiate a series of immune signaling events,including a burst of reactive oxygen species(ROS),activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)cascades,calcium flux,phytohormone signaling,and post-translational modifications(PTMs)of target proteins.Since immunity activation is energetically costly and often associated with growth,development.
基金supported in part by research grants from the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82102696 to J.F.)the Chongqing Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2024NSCQ-MSX0073 to J.F.)+1 种基金the US National Institutes of Health(No.CA226303 to T.C.H.DE030480 to R.R.R.).
文摘Hypertrophic scar and keloid are a major medical problem,which may lead to disfigurement,growth restriction,and permanent loss of function,causing severe physical,psychological,and economic burdens.1 When skin injury occurs,the wound heals through a dynamic series of physiological events,including blood clotting,granulation tissue formation,re-epithelialization,and extracellular matrix remodeling.2 However,the newly formed extracellular matrix in a scar may never achieve the flexibility or strength of the original tissue.
