In order to measure real life prospective memory (PM) ability in laboratory setting, previous studies have used photograph-based, video-based and virtual reality (VR)-based to simulate real life environment. In this s...In order to measure real life prospective memory (PM) ability in laboratory setting, previous studies have used photograph-based, video-based and virtual reality (VR)-based to simulate real life environment. In this study, we used the Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to record participants’ brain activities when they are performing PM tasks in immersive VR environment. 10 participants were asked to perform PM tasks in a virtual environment while wearing a VR headset and an fNIRS device. By comparing the hemodynamic changes of rostral prefrontal cortex (BA10) of the PM component and the ongoing component, the result shows that VR PM task can induce the activation of BA10. In addition, by making use of the fNIRS technique, this study provides a feasible way to measure BA10 activity in simulated real life environment using immersive VR device.展开更多
Individuals with-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) often complain of difficulty remembering to carry out intended actions. We investigated the relative efficacy of a different reminder in performing a time-based Prospec...Individuals with-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) often complain of difficulty remembering to carry out intended actions. We investigated the relative efficacy of a different reminder in performing a time-based Prospective Memory (PM) task. The PM performance of 24 participants with amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment (AMCI) has been compared with that of 24 healthy controls. As ongoing task, samples of the Attentive Matrices Test were used. In the PM task subjects were requested to write an “X” every three minutes during a 9 minutes period. Participants received the task consisting either in a low demand condition (checking number “5”) or in a high demand condition (checking numbers “1”, “4”, “9”). In order to be as punctual as possible, participants were asked to simultaneously write the “X” at task time expiration, using a digital clock. Time monitoring was recorded. Reminder occurring was manipulated in that participants could receive critical, accidental or completely absent reminder. As expected, high cognitive demand was negatively correlated with PM performance and time monitoring. Unexpectedly, all the participants did not benefit from the critical reminder. These findings demonstrated, from a behavioral perspective, that Working Memory (WM) and PM processes are not based on the same memory system and PM may require WM resources at high demand.展开更多
Objective: To evaluate the performance of a sample of postmenopausal women complaining of decline of prospective memory, undergoing therapy with concentrated extract of soy (CES) for six months, through specific neuro...Objective: To evaluate the performance of a sample of postmenopausal women complaining of decline of prospective memory, undergoing therapy with concentrated extract of soy (CES) for six months, through specific neuropsychological assessment, developed for this purpose. Materials and Methods: A randomized and double-blind study was with 90 women, 12-month amenorrhea, 40 years to 65 years and body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m2, whose complaints were reduction of cognitive efficiency. The participants were randomly divided into two treatment groups: Group I— received one capsule of 150 mg extract of soy, with 60 mg isoflavones orally/day;Group II—received one capsule placebo, for six months. All participants underwent a detailed interview, the MMSE, depression scale, and as they were being included in the study, self-perception scales and neuropsychological tests before and after six months of treatment. For analysis purposes, we applied the ANOVA and t-student tests. Results: Our results suggest a possible positive effect regarding the improvement in verbal fluency and executive function tasks of planning and mental flexibility, in women undergoing therapy with concentrated extract of soy in postmenopause. There was no correlation between prospective memory and cognitive performance, and there were only intensity scores of the depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Isoflavones act favorably on the cognitive function, amongst all functions, only on verbal memory and executive function tasks of planning and mental flexibility. The others showed no signs of improvement. We concluded that concentrated extract acts only on some cognitive functions.展开更多
Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions.Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten.Using event-re...Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions.Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten.Using event-related potentials (ERPs),the present study investigated the Dm effect for PM using a subsequent task-switching paradigm.The results showed that a Dm effect of ERP P150 was more positive-going for later PM hit trials than for later PM forgotten trials during 100–200 ms.This Dm effect may reflect the process for the production of future intention or the process for attention.Consistent with previously reported Dm effects of other types of memory,we found that the fbN2 (250–280 ms) and late positivity component (400–700 ms) were stronger in later PM hit trials than in forgotten trials.The fbN2 was evoked by Chinese characters.The late positivity component was related to the precise encoding process.In conclusion,because of the early P150,PM encoding appears to be somewhat different from previously identified Dm effects.However,further research is needed.Our findings reveal that Dm effects of PM share similar characteristics with known Dm effects of other types of episodic memory after the very early stage of neural processing.展开更多
在媒介技术深度重构传播生态的背景下,媒介记忆研究已经成为国际传播学研究的重要学术前沿领域,国内外媒介记忆研究也随着媒介技术日新月异的更迭,相关成果逐渐丰硕,但目前国内外学界还未在媒介记忆研究形成公认的、成熟的、系统化的理...在媒介技术深度重构传播生态的背景下,媒介记忆研究已经成为国际传播学研究的重要学术前沿领域,国内外媒介记忆研究也随着媒介技术日新月异的更迭,相关成果逐渐丰硕,但目前国内外学界还未在媒介记忆研究形成公认的、成熟的、系统化的理论体系。鉴于此,本文基于WOS(Web of Science)数据库平台,选取2000—2024年发表于国外核心刊物涉及媒介记忆研究的共642篇文献,借助CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析,包括发文情况、研究脉络、机构共现分析、研究热点等。研究发现,国外媒介记忆研究阶段性演进特点显著,当前国外研究热点主要聚焦于围绕互联网、数字媒介、重大事件集体记忆等主题深度探讨的相关研究,且研究对象多元、研究边界不断延展;研究机构与作者合作网络密度偏低,跨地域合作薄弱,尚未形成全球化协作体系;研究内容上深度结合社会现实、政治因素,批判色彩浓厚。从研究趋势上看,相信未来国际媒介记忆研究一方面将在数字记忆研究及相关技术伦理问题方面进行更加深远的探究,同时在媒介日益发达的背景下呈现出更为复杂的记忆图景,涌现出更多闪烁着人文关怀、洞察社会现实的研究成果。展开更多
Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in this study to investigate the neural correlates of prospective memory (PM) and vigilance. Twenty college or graduate students participated in this study. They were administ...Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in this study to investigate the neural correlates of prospective memory (PM) and vigilance. Twenty college or graduate students participated in this study. They were administered a PM and a vigilance task and physiological data were collected at the same time. Behavioral results showed that the RT associated with PM cues was longer than those associated with vigilance targets. ERP results showed that PM cues and vigilance targets did not show significant difference in the N2 but PM cues evoked greater N300 than vigilance targets, and vigilance targets evoked greater parietal positivity/P3 than PM cues, suggesting vigilance and PM have similar but also distinctive neural basis.展开更多
文摘In order to measure real life prospective memory (PM) ability in laboratory setting, previous studies have used photograph-based, video-based and virtual reality (VR)-based to simulate real life environment. In this study, we used the Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) to record participants’ brain activities when they are performing PM tasks in immersive VR environment. 10 participants were asked to perform PM tasks in a virtual environment while wearing a VR headset and an fNIRS device. By comparing the hemodynamic changes of rostral prefrontal cortex (BA10) of the PM component and the ongoing component, the result shows that VR PM task can induce the activation of BA10. In addition, by making use of the fNIRS technique, this study provides a feasible way to measure BA10 activity in simulated real life environment using immersive VR device.
文摘Individuals with-Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) often complain of difficulty remembering to carry out intended actions. We investigated the relative efficacy of a different reminder in performing a time-based Prospective Memory (PM) task. The PM performance of 24 participants with amnesic Mild Cognitive Impairment (AMCI) has been compared with that of 24 healthy controls. As ongoing task, samples of the Attentive Matrices Test were used. In the PM task subjects were requested to write an “X” every three minutes during a 9 minutes period. Participants received the task consisting either in a low demand condition (checking number “5”) or in a high demand condition (checking numbers “1”, “4”, “9”). In order to be as punctual as possible, participants were asked to simultaneously write the “X” at task time expiration, using a digital clock. Time monitoring was recorded. Reminder occurring was manipulated in that participants could receive critical, accidental or completely absent reminder. As expected, high cognitive demand was negatively correlated with PM performance and time monitoring. Unexpectedly, all the participants did not benefit from the critical reminder. These findings demonstrated, from a behavioral perspective, that Working Memory (WM) and PM processes are not based on the same memory system and PM may require WM resources at high demand.
基金supported by CNPq,National Council for Scientific and Technological Development
文摘Objective: To evaluate the performance of a sample of postmenopausal women complaining of decline of prospective memory, undergoing therapy with concentrated extract of soy (CES) for six months, through specific neuropsychological assessment, developed for this purpose. Materials and Methods: A randomized and double-blind study was with 90 women, 12-month amenorrhea, 40 years to 65 years and body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m2, whose complaints were reduction of cognitive efficiency. The participants were randomly divided into two treatment groups: Group I— received one capsule of 150 mg extract of soy, with 60 mg isoflavones orally/day;Group II—received one capsule placebo, for six months. All participants underwent a detailed interview, the MMSE, depression scale, and as they were being included in the study, self-perception scales and neuropsychological tests before and after six months of treatment. For analysis purposes, we applied the ANOVA and t-student tests. Results: Our results suggest a possible positive effect regarding the improvement in verbal fluency and executive function tasks of planning and mental flexibility, in women undergoing therapy with concentrated extract of soy in postmenopause. There was no correlation between prospective memory and cognitive performance, and there were only intensity scores of the depressive symptoms. Conclusion: Isoflavones act favorably on the cognitive function, amongst all functions, only on verbal memory and executive function tasks of planning and mental flexibility. The others showed no signs of improvement. We concluded that concentrated extract acts only on some cognitive functions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30870760)Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. 20101108110004)the Key Foundation of Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (Grant No. KZ201010028029)
文摘Prospective memory (PM) refers to memory for future intentions.Difference due to memory (Dm effect) is the difference in neural activity related to stimuli that were subsequently remembered or forgotten.Using event-related potentials (ERPs),the present study investigated the Dm effect for PM using a subsequent task-switching paradigm.The results showed that a Dm effect of ERP P150 was more positive-going for later PM hit trials than for later PM forgotten trials during 100–200 ms.This Dm effect may reflect the process for the production of future intention or the process for attention.Consistent with previously reported Dm effects of other types of memory,we found that the fbN2 (250–280 ms) and late positivity component (400–700 ms) were stronger in later PM hit trials than in forgotten trials.The fbN2 was evoked by Chinese characters.The late positivity component was related to the precise encoding process.In conclusion,because of the early P150,PM encoding appears to be somewhat different from previously identified Dm effects.However,further research is needed.Our findings reveal that Dm effects of PM share similar characteristics with known Dm effects of other types of episodic memory after the very early stage of neural processing.
文摘在媒介技术深度重构传播生态的背景下,媒介记忆研究已经成为国际传播学研究的重要学术前沿领域,国内外媒介记忆研究也随着媒介技术日新月异的更迭,相关成果逐渐丰硕,但目前国内外学界还未在媒介记忆研究形成公认的、成熟的、系统化的理论体系。鉴于此,本文基于WOS(Web of Science)数据库平台,选取2000—2024年发表于国外核心刊物涉及媒介记忆研究的共642篇文献,借助CiteSpace软件进行可视化分析,包括发文情况、研究脉络、机构共现分析、研究热点等。研究发现,国外媒介记忆研究阶段性演进特点显著,当前国外研究热点主要聚焦于围绕互联网、数字媒介、重大事件集体记忆等主题深度探讨的相关研究,且研究对象多元、研究边界不断延展;研究机构与作者合作网络密度偏低,跨地域合作薄弱,尚未形成全球化协作体系;研究内容上深度结合社会现实、政治因素,批判色彩浓厚。从研究趋势上看,相信未来国际媒介记忆研究一方面将在数字记忆研究及相关技术伦理问题方面进行更加深远的探究,同时在媒介日益发达的背景下呈现出更为复杂的记忆图景,涌现出更多闪烁着人文关怀、洞察社会现实的研究成果。
基金supported by the Young Investigator Scientific Fund ofInstitute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (O9CX073007)the National Key Technologies R&D Program (2012BAI36B01)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30900403, 91132701, 30770723,81088001)Youth Innovation Promotion Association Funding of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y1CX131003)Key Laboratory of Mental Health,Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Knowledge Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KSCX2-EW-J-8)
文摘Event-related potentials (ERPs) were used in this study to investigate the neural correlates of prospective memory (PM) and vigilance. Twenty college or graduate students participated in this study. They were administered a PM and a vigilance task and physiological data were collected at the same time. Behavioral results showed that the RT associated with PM cues was longer than those associated with vigilance targets. ERP results showed that PM cues and vigilance targets did not show significant difference in the N2 but PM cues evoked greater N300 than vigilance targets, and vigilance targets evoked greater parietal positivity/P3 than PM cues, suggesting vigilance and PM have similar but also distinctive neural basis.
