Satellite retrieval of atmospheric water vapor is intended to further understand the role played by the energy and water cycle to determine the Earth's weather and climate.The algorithm for operational retrieval o...Satellite retrieval of atmospheric water vapor is intended to further understand the role played by the energy and water cycle to determine the Earth's weather and climate.The algorithm for operational retrieval of total precipitable water (TPW) from the visible and infrared radiometer (VIRR) onboard Fengyun 3A (FY-3A) employs a split window technique for clear sky radiances over land and oceans during both day and night.The retrieved TPW is compared with that from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite and data from radiosonde observations (RAOB).During the study period,comparisons show that the FY-3A TPW is in general agreement with the gradients and distributions from the Terra TPW.Their zonal mean difference over East Asia is smaller in the daytime than at night,and the main difference occurs in the complex terrain at mid latitude near 30°N.Compared with RAOB,the zonal FY-3A and the Terra TPW have a moist bias at low latitudes and a dry bias at mid and high latitudes;in addition,the FY-3A TPW performs slightly better in zonal mean biases and the diurnal cycle.The temporal variation of the FY-3A and the Terra TPW generally fits the RAOB TPW with the FY-3A more accurate at night while Terra TPW more accurate during the daytime.Comparisons of correlations,root mean square differences and standard deviations indicate that the FY-3A TPW series is more consistent with the RAOB TPW at selected stations.As a result,the FY-3A TPW has some advantages over East Asia in both spatial and temporal dimensions.展开更多
Different fusion algorithm has its own advantages and limitations,so it is very difficult to simply evaluate the good points and bad points of the fusion algorithm. Whether an algorithm was selected to fuse object ima...Different fusion algorithm has its own advantages and limitations,so it is very difficult to simply evaluate the good points and bad points of the fusion algorithm. Whether an algorithm was selected to fuse object images was also depended upon the sensor types and special research purposes. Firstly,five fusion methods,i. e. IHS,Brovey,PCA,SFIM and Gram-Schmidt,were briefly described in the paper. And then visual judgment and quantitative statistical parameters were used to assess the five algorithms. Finally,in order to determine which one is the best suitable fusion method for land cover classification of IKONOS image,the maximum likelihood classification( MLC) was applied using the above five fusion images. The results showed that the fusion effect of SFIM transform and Gram-Schmidt transform were better than the other three image fusion methods in spatial details improvement and spectral information fidelity,and Gram-Schmidt technique was superior to SFIM transform in the aspect of expressing image details. The classification accuracy of the fused image using Gram-Schmidt and SFIM algorithms was higher than that of the other three image fusion methods,and the overall accuracy was greater than 98%. The IHS-fused image classification accuracy was the lowest,the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were 83. 14% and 0. 76,respectively. Thus the IKONOS fusion images obtained by the Gram-Schmidt and SFIM were better for improving the land cover classification accuracy.展开更多
Combining the basic theory of regional economics and economics of development,the sustainable development capability of regional economy is expounded;the meaning of sustainable development,the connotation of the susta...Combining the basic theory of regional economics and economics of development,the sustainable development capability of regional economy is expounded;the meaning of sustainable development,the connotation of the sustainable development of regional economy and the specific qualitative of the developmental capability of regional economy are introduced.Various factors that affect the sustainable development of regional economy,such as the sustainable capability of resources,innovation ability and institutional capability,are analyzed at length.On the basis,the evaluation index system of sustainable development capability of regional economy,so as to provide directions for regional economy from the long-term perspective.展开更多
Objective: to explore the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing for patients with tumor infection in intensive care unit. Methods: a total of 40 experimental subjects were included in the study. All subjects were pat...Objective: to explore the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing for patients with tumor infection in intensive care unit. Methods: a total of 40 experimental subjects were included in the study. All subjects were patients with severe tumor infection in the intensive care unit of our hospital. The experimental period is from February 2019 to February 2021. The test subjects were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 20) and reference group (n = 20). The reference group received routine nursing while the experimental group received comprehensive nursing. Evaluate the nursing effect of the two groups and compare the related satisfaction index. Results: after nursing, the related indexes of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the reference group, and the satisfaction degree of the experimental group was higher than that of the reference group (60.00)(95.00), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the application of comprehensive nursing management in the clinical nursing of patients with severe tumor infection in the intensive care unit is helpful to improve the nursing satisfaction and the related indicators of patient nursing effect evaluation.展开更多
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No. 2007AA12Z144)the Professional Projects (Grant Nos.GYHY200706005 and GYHY200906036)the China Meteoro-logical Administration New Technology Promotion Project (GrantNo. CMATG2008Z04)
文摘Satellite retrieval of atmospheric water vapor is intended to further understand the role played by the energy and water cycle to determine the Earth's weather and climate.The algorithm for operational retrieval of total precipitable water (TPW) from the visible and infrared radiometer (VIRR) onboard Fengyun 3A (FY-3A) employs a split window technique for clear sky radiances over land and oceans during both day and night.The retrieved TPW is compared with that from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite and data from radiosonde observations (RAOB).During the study period,comparisons show that the FY-3A TPW is in general agreement with the gradients and distributions from the Terra TPW.Their zonal mean difference over East Asia is smaller in the daytime than at night,and the main difference occurs in the complex terrain at mid latitude near 30°N.Compared with RAOB,the zonal FY-3A and the Terra TPW have a moist bias at low latitudes and a dry bias at mid and high latitudes;in addition,the FY-3A TPW performs slightly better in zonal mean biases and the diurnal cycle.The temporal variation of the FY-3A and the Terra TPW generally fits the RAOB TPW with the FY-3A more accurate at night while Terra TPW more accurate during the daytime.Comparisons of correlations,root mean square differences and standard deviations indicate that the FY-3A TPW series is more consistent with the RAOB TPW at selected stations.As a result,the FY-3A TPW has some advantages over East Asia in both spatial and temporal dimensions.
基金Supported by Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(51208016)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(8122008)Beijing Education Commission Fund(KM201310005023)
文摘Different fusion algorithm has its own advantages and limitations,so it is very difficult to simply evaluate the good points and bad points of the fusion algorithm. Whether an algorithm was selected to fuse object images was also depended upon the sensor types and special research purposes. Firstly,five fusion methods,i. e. IHS,Brovey,PCA,SFIM and Gram-Schmidt,were briefly described in the paper. And then visual judgment and quantitative statistical parameters were used to assess the five algorithms. Finally,in order to determine which one is the best suitable fusion method for land cover classification of IKONOS image,the maximum likelihood classification( MLC) was applied using the above five fusion images. The results showed that the fusion effect of SFIM transform and Gram-Schmidt transform were better than the other three image fusion methods in spatial details improvement and spectral information fidelity,and Gram-Schmidt technique was superior to SFIM transform in the aspect of expressing image details. The classification accuracy of the fused image using Gram-Schmidt and SFIM algorithms was higher than that of the other three image fusion methods,and the overall accuracy was greater than 98%. The IHS-fused image classification accuracy was the lowest,the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient were 83. 14% and 0. 76,respectively. Thus the IKONOS fusion images obtained by the Gram-Schmidt and SFIM were better for improving the land cover classification accuracy.
基金Supported by National Social Science Foundation(09BMZ038)
文摘Combining the basic theory of regional economics and economics of development,the sustainable development capability of regional economy is expounded;the meaning of sustainable development,the connotation of the sustainable development of regional economy and the specific qualitative of the developmental capability of regional economy are introduced.Various factors that affect the sustainable development of regional economy,such as the sustainable capability of resources,innovation ability and institutional capability,are analyzed at length.On the basis,the evaluation index system of sustainable development capability of regional economy,so as to provide directions for regional economy from the long-term perspective.
文摘Objective: to explore the effectiveness of comprehensive nursing for patients with tumor infection in intensive care unit. Methods: a total of 40 experimental subjects were included in the study. All subjects were patients with severe tumor infection in the intensive care unit of our hospital. The experimental period is from February 2019 to February 2021. The test subjects were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 20) and reference group (n = 20). The reference group received routine nursing while the experimental group received comprehensive nursing. Evaluate the nursing effect of the two groups and compare the related satisfaction index. Results: after nursing, the related indexes of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the reference group, and the satisfaction degree of the experimental group was higher than that of the reference group (60.00)(95.00), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: the application of comprehensive nursing management in the clinical nursing of patients with severe tumor infection in the intensive care unit is helpful to improve the nursing satisfaction and the related indicators of patient nursing effect evaluation.
