The title compound （C2H7NO·C7H4N2O6） has been obtained by the reaction of ethanolamine with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid in deionized water at room temperature. The crystal crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group ...The title compound （C2H7NO·C7H4N2O6） has been obtained by the reaction of ethanolamine with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid in deionized water at room temperature. The crystal crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group P212121 with a = 6.048（2）, b = 9.146（3）, c = 21.955（7） A^°, C9H11N3O7, Mr = 273.21, Z = 4, V= 1214.3（7） , A^°3, Dc = 1.494 g/cm^3, F（000） = 568,μ（MoKα） = 0.131 mm^-1, R1 = 0.0338 and wR2 = 0.0497. The new organic adduct is composed of one ethanolamine and one 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, which are linked up by O-H…O and N-H…O types of hydrogen bonds to form a nine-membered ring and an eleven-membered ring, extending into a one-dimensional network structure.展开更多
In order to fabricate high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells(Pe SCs), an appropriate hole transport layer(HTL) is essential since it will affect the hole extraction at perovskite/HTL interface and determine ...In order to fabricate high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells(Pe SCs), an appropriate hole transport layer(HTL) is essential since it will affect the hole extraction at perovskite/HTL interface and determine the crystallization quality of the subsequent perovskite films. Herein, a facile and simple method is developed by adding ethanolamine(ETA)into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS) as HTL. The doping of a low-concentration ETA can efficiently modify the electrical properties of the PEDOT:PSS film and lower the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) level, which is more suitable for the hole extraction from the perovskite to HTL. Besides, ETA-doped PEDOT:PSS will create a perovskite film with larger grain size and higher crystallinity. Hence, the results show that the open-circuit voltage of the device increases from 0.99 V to 1.06 V, and the corresponding power conversion efficiency(PCE)increases from 14.68% to 19.16%. The alkaline nature of ethanolamine greatly neutralizes the acidity of PEDOT:PSS, and plays a role in protecting the anode, leading the stability of the devices to be improved significantly. After being stored for2000 h, the PCE of ETA-doped PEDOT:PSS devices can maintain 84.2% of the initial value, which is much higher than67.1% of undoped devices.展开更多
The cardiac and vascular effect of ethanolamine nitrate ester ferulate (ENF) wasinvestigated on isolated working guinea pig heart (IWH) and rat aortic ring. The coronary blood flowwas remarkably increased while the c...The cardiac and vascular effect of ethanolamine nitrate ester ferulate (ENF) wasinvestigated on isolated working guinea pig heart (IWH) and rat aortic ring. The coronary blood flowwas remarkably increased while the cardiac functions of IWH were not significantly altered by ENFranging from 10-8 to 10-4 mol/L. The percentages of vasorelaxation of ENF t 10 μmol/L) and nicoran-dil (NIC, 10 μmol/L) on K+ (80 mmol/L)-induced contraction in aortic rings were 72 ± 8% and17±8%, respectively. The relaxation effects of ENF and NIC on phenylephrine (PE, 5 μmol/L) in-duced contraction were in a dose-dependent manner. When vessel segments were exposed to PE withmethylene blue (MB, 10 μmol/L) or with glibenclamide (GLI, 10 pmol/L), the percentages of relaxa-tion of ENF (10 μmol/L) and NIC ( 1 0 μmol/L) were 4 1 ±11 % and 49±7% or 76± 14% and the 33±9%,respectively. The results suggested that ENF improved coronary circulation and the vasodilation of ENF was mediated bv nitrate-like action.展开更多
Effect of ethanolamine （ETA） on Alloy 690 in simulated pressurized water reactor （PWR） secondary cooling water was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）, potentiodynamic polarization, atomic fo...Effect of ethanolamine （ETA） on Alloy 690 in simulated pressurized water reactor （PWR） secondary cooling water was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）, potentiodynamic polarization, atomic force microscopy （AFM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance （FTIR-ATR）, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer （XPS） and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry （ToF-SIMS）. The results show that moderate addition of ETA can enhance the corrosion resistance of Alloy 690 in high-temperature pressurized water and the optimum additive value is 2 mg/L. The addition of ETA contributes to the formation of oxide rather than hydroxide in the film on the surface of Alloy 690. The corrosion resistance of Alloy 690 at 320 ℃ with the addition of ETA is better than that at 280 ℃.展开更多
Pure nanocrystalline La2O3 powders were successfully prepared by the combustion method.The effect of ethanolamine-to-nitrate ratio on phase composition and crystallite size of the combustion products was systematicall...Pure nanocrystalline La2O3 powders were successfully prepared by the combustion method.The effect of ethanolamine-to-nitrate ratio on phase composition and crystallite size of the combustion products was systematically investigated.Pure hexagonal La2O3 powders were almost formed in stoichiometric reaction（ψ=1.15）,while metallic La phase was obtained in fuel-rich conditions（ψ≥3.0）.The as-synthesized hexagonal La2O3 was found to be chemically unstable in ambient air since a complete transformation to hexagonal La（OH）3 was detected after 24 h exposure to air.The resulting hexagonal La（OH）3 showed an excellent ability to remove water pollutant and could nearly remove 100% of the Congo red at room temperature with a removal capacity of 143.5 mg Congo red/g.The phosphate adsorption data on hexagonal La（OH）3 agreed well with the Langmuir model with the estimated maximum adsorption capacity of 57.8 mg/g.展开更多
The title adduct (C18H24N4O12, Mr = 488.41) crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 4.0514(19), b = 25.193(11), c = 10.751(5) ?, β = 95.070(8)o, V = 1093.0(9) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.484 g/cm3, F(000) = 51...The title adduct (C18H24N4O12, Mr = 488.41) crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 4.0514(19), b = 25.193(11), c = 10.751(5) ?, β = 95.070(8)o, V = 1093.0(9) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.484 g/cm3, F(000) = 512, μ(MoKα) = 1.26 cm-1, T = 293 K, the final R = 0.0593 and wR = 0.0862 for 956 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The compound is a 1:1 adduct of ethanolamine and 5-nitrosalicylic acid. The nitrogen atom of ethanolamine is protonated. In this crystal there exist a number of hydrogen bonds which link the ethanolamine and 5-nitrosalicylic acid molecules to form a three-dimensional infinite network structure.展开更多
The effects of exogenously administered ethanolamine (Etn) on the N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDA)-induced formation of hepatic lesions in rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered NDA...The effects of exogenously administered ethanolamine (Etn) on the N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDA)-induced formation of hepatic lesions in rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered NDA (100 mg/kg body weight) at 7-day intervals, and the animals were allowed free access to water containing Etn (15 or 50 mg/L) for 35 days. NDA-induced hepatic lesions were assessed according to the number of nodules detectable on the liver surface, areas of clear cell foci observed on histopathological thin sections, hydroxyproline levels in liver homogenates, and blood biochemical marker levels. Compared with those from control rats that were not administered Etn, livers from Etn-exposed rats had significantly fewer surface nodules and smaller areas of clear cell foci, indicating that Etn prevented or delayed the formation of preneoplastic cell alterations. Hydroxyproline levels in livers were significantly lower in Etn-treated rats, indicating that the chemical prevented the formation of fibrotic alterations. The protective effects of Etn on NDA-induced hepatic lesions were demonstrated by changes in blood biochemical marker levels. These results suggest that Etn can protect against cellular alterations induced by a carcinogenic chemical, possibly by enhancing hepatic phospholipid synthesis.展开更多
The water chemistry of the secondary coolant in the majority of Nuclear Power Plants is controlled by AVT (All Volatile Treatment), wherein volatile amines are used to maintain the alkaline pH required for minimizing ...The water chemistry of the secondary coolant in the majority of Nuclear Power Plants is controlled by AVT (All Volatile Treatment), wherein volatile amines are used to maintain the alkaline pH required for minimizing the corrosion of structural materials which one of them is Carbon Steel. In this treatment, ammonia, morpholine and ethanolamine are commonly used as conditioning reagents. In this context, experiments were carried out by exposing carbon steel A106 B samples in a simulated secondary coolant in order to study the nature of the oxide films. The tests were performed in a static autoclave at 260°C using two media: I) hydrazine + morpholine and II) hydrazine + ethanolamine during different exposure periods up to ≈1020 h. The oxide film characterization was mainly studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A chemical descaling procedure was used to obtain the material weight loss (W) of samples, the adherent and released oxide. The XRD analyses, for all exposures studied, showed that magnetite was the corrosion product formed in the films grown in both media. The material weight loss, after descaling, could be fitted by a law of the type W = ktn, up to 1020 h of exposure tested, resulting in n = 0.42, k = 6.24 for films grown in medium I) and n = 0.39, k = 6.08 for films grown in medium II) respectively (W is in mg/dm2 and t in h). The higher corrosion product release measured in the medium with morpholine could be important in power plant operation.展开更多
Mono-, di-, tri-ethanolamines and di-, tri-ethylamines were used to prepare phosphate buffer at pH 2.5 and shown to be capable of enhancing the separation selectivity of chiral drug pinacidil and melittin in bee venom...Mono-, di-, tri-ethanolamines and di-, tri-ethylamines were used to prepare phosphate buffer at pH 2.5 and shown to be capable of enhancing the separation selectivity of chiral drug pinacidil and melittin in bee venom in capillary zone electrophoresis. The reason is due to the reduction of the average apparent mobilities of the analytes.展开更多
In order to clarify the interaction between copper and wood substances in wood treated with copper containing water-borne wood preservatives, the dielectric constant ε＇ and dielectric loss factor ε＂ of untreated w...In order to clarify the interaction between copper and wood substances in wood treated with copper containing water-borne wood preservatives, the dielectric constant ε＇ and dielectric loss factor ε＂ of untreated wood and wood treated with four concentration levels of copper-ethanolamine （Cu-EA） solutions were determined within a temperature range from -100 to 40℃ and a frequency range from 100 to 1 MHz. Three dielectric relaxation processes were observed in the ε＂ spectrum; among them R-Ⅰ is based on the reorientation ofmethylol groups in the amorphous region of wood cell walls and R-Ⅱ is related to wood extractives. R-Ⅲ appeared in Cu-EA treated wood, and its magnitude decreases with the concentration of Cu-EA solutions used in this experiment. This relaxation process was considered to be based on the reorientation of copper-ethanolamine-wood complexes in wood cell walls. At low copper retention, the hydrogen in the complex can form hydrogen bonding with adjacent hydroxyl groups, which results in a strong bonding state between copper and wood; at high copper retention, the numerous copper-ethanolamine complexes not only hinder them from forming hydrogen bonding with adjacent wood molecules due to steric hindrance, but also weaken the interaction between wood molecules themselves, which corresponds to reducing ε＂ values of both R-Ⅰ and R-Ⅲ processes. The results explain the fact of increasing copper leaching in wood treated with high concentration copper-based water-borne preservatives.展开更多
基金This project was supported by the Innovation Foundation for College Students of Nankai University
文摘The title compound （C2H7NO·C7H4N2O6） has been obtained by the reaction of ethanolamine with 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid in deionized water at room temperature. The crystal crystallizes in orthorhombic, space group P212121 with a = 6.048（2）, b = 9.146（3）, c = 21.955（7） A^°, C9H11N3O7, Mr = 273.21, Z = 4, V= 1214.3（7） , A^°3, Dc = 1.494 g/cm^3, F（000） = 568,μ（MoKα） = 0.131 mm^-1, R1 = 0.0338 and wR2 = 0.0497. The new organic adduct is composed of one ethanolamine and one 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, which are linked up by O-H…O and N-H…O types of hydrogen bonds to form a nine-membered ring and an eleven-membered ring, extending into a one-dimensional network structure.
基金Project supported by the Regional Joint Fund of the Foundation of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U21A20492)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.61421002,61675041,and 51703019)+1 种基金the Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Program,China(Grant Nos.2021107,2019YFG0121,2019YJ0178,2020YFG0279,2020YFG0281,and 2021107)the Fund from the Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Display Science and Technology,China。
文摘In order to fabricate high-performance inverted perovskite solar cells(Pe SCs), an appropriate hole transport layer(HTL) is essential since it will affect the hole extraction at perovskite/HTL interface and determine the crystallization quality of the subsequent perovskite films. Herein, a facile and simple method is developed by adding ethanolamine(ETA)into poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS) as HTL. The doping of a low-concentration ETA can efficiently modify the electrical properties of the PEDOT:PSS film and lower the highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO) level, which is more suitable for the hole extraction from the perovskite to HTL. Besides, ETA-doped PEDOT:PSS will create a perovskite film with larger grain size and higher crystallinity. Hence, the results show that the open-circuit voltage of the device increases from 0.99 V to 1.06 V, and the corresponding power conversion efficiency(PCE)increases from 14.68% to 19.16%. The alkaline nature of ethanolamine greatly neutralizes the acidity of PEDOT:PSS, and plays a role in protecting the anode, leading the stability of the devices to be improved significantly. After being stored for2000 h, the PCE of ETA-doped PEDOT:PSS devices can maintain 84.2% of the initial value, which is much higher than67.1% of undoped devices.
文摘The cardiac and vascular effect of ethanolamine nitrate ester ferulate (ENF) wasinvestigated on isolated working guinea pig heart (IWH) and rat aortic ring. The coronary blood flowwas remarkably increased while the cardiac functions of IWH were not significantly altered by ENFranging from 10-8 to 10-4 mol/L. The percentages of vasorelaxation of ENF t 10 μmol/L) and nicoran-dil (NIC, 10 μmol/L) on K+ (80 mmol/L)-induced contraction in aortic rings were 72 ± 8% and17±8%, respectively. The relaxation effects of ENF and NIC on phenylephrine (PE, 5 μmol/L) in-duced contraction were in a dose-dependent manner. When vessel segments were exposed to PE withmethylene blue (MB, 10 μmol/L) or with glibenclamide (GLI, 10 pmol/L), the percentages of relaxa-tion of ENF (10 μmol/L) and NIC ( 1 0 μmol/L) were 4 1 ±11 % and 49±7% or 76± 14% and the 33±9%,respectively. The results suggested that ENF improved coronary circulation and the vasodilation of ENF was mediated bv nitrate-like action.
基金supported by the National Key Science and Technology Project of China (No. 2011ZX06004-017)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51025104)
文摘Effect of ethanolamine （ETA） on Alloy 690 in simulated pressurized water reactor （PWR） secondary cooling water was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS）, potentiodynamic polarization, atomic force microscopy （AFM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance （FTIR-ATR）, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer （XPS） and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry （ToF-SIMS）. The results show that moderate addition of ETA can enhance the corrosion resistance of Alloy 690 in high-temperature pressurized water and the optimum additive value is 2 mg/L. The addition of ETA contributes to the formation of oxide rather than hydroxide in the film on the surface of Alloy 690. The corrosion resistance of Alloy 690 at 320 ℃ with the addition of ETA is better than that at 280 ℃.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (2008ZX07211-003)Team Project of Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (05200555)
文摘Pure nanocrystalline La2O3 powders were successfully prepared by the combustion method.The effect of ethanolamine-to-nitrate ratio on phase composition and crystallite size of the combustion products was systematically investigated.Pure hexagonal La2O3 powders were almost formed in stoichiometric reaction（ψ=1.15）,while metallic La phase was obtained in fuel-rich conditions（ψ≥3.0）.The as-synthesized hexagonal La2O3 was found to be chemically unstable in ambient air since a complete transformation to hexagonal La（OH）3 was detected after 24 h exposure to air.The resulting hexagonal La（OH）3 showed an excellent ability to remove water pollutant and could nearly remove 100% of the Congo red at room temperature with a removal capacity of 143.5 mg Congo red/g.The phosphate adsorption data on hexagonal La（OH）3 agreed well with the Langmuir model with the estimated maximum adsorption capacity of 57.8 mg/g.
文摘The title adduct (C18H24N4O12, Mr = 488.41) crystallizes in monoclinic, space group P21/c with a = 4.0514(19), b = 25.193(11), c = 10.751(5) ?, β = 95.070(8)o, V = 1093.0(9) ?3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.484 g/cm3, F(000) = 512, μ(MoKα) = 1.26 cm-1, T = 293 K, the final R = 0.0593 and wR = 0.0862 for 956 observed reflections with I > 2σ(I). The compound is a 1:1 adduct of ethanolamine and 5-nitrosalicylic acid. The nitrogen atom of ethanolamine is protonated. In this crystal there exist a number of hydrogen bonds which link the ethanolamine and 5-nitrosalicylic acid molecules to form a three-dimensional infinite network structure.
文摘The effects of exogenously administered ethanolamine (Etn) on the N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDA)-induced formation of hepatic lesions in rats were investigated. Sprague-Dawley rats were intraperitoneally administered NDA (100 mg/kg body weight) at 7-day intervals, and the animals were allowed free access to water containing Etn (15 or 50 mg/L) for 35 days. NDA-induced hepatic lesions were assessed according to the number of nodules detectable on the liver surface, areas of clear cell foci observed on histopathological thin sections, hydroxyproline levels in liver homogenates, and blood biochemical marker levels. Compared with those from control rats that were not administered Etn, livers from Etn-exposed rats had significantly fewer surface nodules and smaller areas of clear cell foci, indicating that Etn prevented or delayed the formation of preneoplastic cell alterations. Hydroxyproline levels in livers were significantly lower in Etn-treated rats, indicating that the chemical prevented the formation of fibrotic alterations. The protective effects of Etn on NDA-induced hepatic lesions were demonstrated by changes in blood biochemical marker levels. These results suggest that Etn can protect against cellular alterations induced by a carcinogenic chemical, possibly by enhancing hepatic phospholipid synthesis.
文摘The water chemistry of the secondary coolant in the majority of Nuclear Power Plants is controlled by AVT (All Volatile Treatment), wherein volatile amines are used to maintain the alkaline pH required for minimizing the corrosion of structural materials which one of them is Carbon Steel. In this treatment, ammonia, morpholine and ethanolamine are commonly used as conditioning reagents. In this context, experiments were carried out by exposing carbon steel A106 B samples in a simulated secondary coolant in order to study the nature of the oxide films. The tests were performed in a static autoclave at 260°C using two media: I) hydrazine + morpholine and II) hydrazine + ethanolamine during different exposure periods up to ≈1020 h. The oxide film characterization was mainly studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy and X-ray diffraction. A chemical descaling procedure was used to obtain the material weight loss (W) of samples, the adherent and released oxide. The XRD analyses, for all exposures studied, showed that magnetite was the corrosion product formed in the films grown in both media. The material weight loss, after descaling, could be fitted by a law of the type W = ktn, up to 1020 h of exposure tested, resulting in n = 0.42, k = 6.24 for films grown in medium I) and n = 0.39, k = 6.08 for films grown in medium II) respectively (W is in mg/dm2 and t in h). The higher corrosion product release measured in the medium with morpholine could be important in power plant operation.
文摘Mono-, di-, tri-ethanolamines and di-, tri-ethylamines were used to prepare phosphate buffer at pH 2.5 and shown to be capable of enhancing the separation selectivity of chiral drug pinacidil and melittin in bee venom in capillary zone electrophoresis. The reason is due to the reduction of the average apparent mobilities of the analytes.
文摘In order to clarify the interaction between copper and wood substances in wood treated with copper containing water-borne wood preservatives, the dielectric constant ε＇ and dielectric loss factor ε＂ of untreated wood and wood treated with four concentration levels of copper-ethanolamine （Cu-EA） solutions were determined within a temperature range from -100 to 40℃ and a frequency range from 100 to 1 MHz. Three dielectric relaxation processes were observed in the ε＂ spectrum; among them R-Ⅰ is based on the reorientation ofmethylol groups in the amorphous region of wood cell walls and R-Ⅱ is related to wood extractives. R-Ⅲ appeared in Cu-EA treated wood, and its magnitude decreases with the concentration of Cu-EA solutions used in this experiment. This relaxation process was considered to be based on the reorientation of copper-ethanolamine-wood complexes in wood cell walls. At low copper retention, the hydrogen in the complex can form hydrogen bonding with adjacent hydroxyl groups, which results in a strong bonding state between copper and wood; at high copper retention, the numerous copper-ethanolamine complexes not only hinder them from forming hydrogen bonding with adjacent wood molecules due to steric hindrance, but also weaken the interaction between wood molecules themselves, which corresponds to reducing ε＂ values of both R-Ⅰ and R-Ⅲ processes. The results explain the fact of increasing copper leaching in wood treated with high concentration copper-based water-borne preservatives.
