The novel magnetic sepiolite/Fe_(3)O_(4)/zero-valent iron(nZVI)nanocomposite(nZVI@SepH-Mag)was prepared and used to achieve the removal of Cr(VI)in this work.The nZVI@SepH-Mag composites were characterized by XRD,FTIR...The novel magnetic sepiolite/Fe_(3)O_(4)/zero-valent iron(nZVI)nanocomposite(nZVI@SepH-Mag)was prepared and used to achieve the removal of Cr(VI)in this work.The nZVI@SepH-Mag composites were characterized by XRD,FTIR,BET,SEM and TEM.The characterization results indicated that the structure of the composite consisted of small nanoscale nZVI and magnetite(Mag)particles uniformly anchoring on the surface of acid-activated sepiolite(SepH).Batch experiments were used to analyze the effects of main factors on Cr(VI)removal.A 100%removal efficiency in 60 min and enhanced reaction ratio were reached by the composite comparing other existing materials.The kinetic of the adsorption and possible Cr(VI)removal mechanism of the hybrids were also evaluated and proposed.Based on the removal products identified by Raman,XRD and XPS,a reduction mechanism was proposed.The results indicated that the SepH and Mag can inhibit the agglomeration and enhance the dispersibility of nZVI,and Mag and nZVI displayed good synergetic effects.展开更多
Arsenic is a highly toxic element and its contamination in water bodies is a worldwide problem. Arsenic adsorption with metal oxides/hydroxides-based adsorbents is an effective approach to remove arsenic species from ...Arsenic is a highly toxic element and its contamination in water bodies is a worldwide problem. Arsenic adsorption with metal oxides/hydroxides-based adsorbents is an effective approach to remove arsenic species from water for the health of both human beings and the environment. However, no material criterion had been proposed for the selection of potential candidates. Equally puzzling is the fact that no clear explanation was available on the poor arsenic adsorption performance of some commonly used adsorbents, such as active carbon or silica. Furthermore, in-depth examination was also not available for the dramatically different competing adsorption effects of various anions on the arsenic adsorption. Through the arsenic adsorption mechanism study on these highly efficient arsenic adsorbents, we found that ionic potential could be used as a general material criterion for the selection of highly efficient arsenic adsorbents and such a criterion could help us to understand the above questions on arsenic adsorbents. This material criterion could be further applied to the selection of highly efficient adsorbents based on ligand exchange between their surface hydroxyl groups and adsorbates in general, which may be used for the prediction of novel adsorbents for the removal of various contaminations in water.展开更多
A novel carbon-sulfur nano-composite material was synthesized by heating sublimed sulfur and high surface area activated carbon （HSAAC） under certain conditions. The physical and chemical per- formances of the novel...A novel carbon-sulfur nano-composite material was synthesized by heating sublimed sulfur and high surface area activated carbon （HSAAC） under certain conditions. The physical and chemical per- formances of the novel carbon-sulfur nano-composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The electrochemical performances of nano-composite were characterized by charge-discharge characteristic, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impendence spectroscopy （EIS）. The experimental results indicate that the electrochemical capability of nano- composite material was superior to that of traditional S-containing composite material. The cathode made by carbon-sulfur nano-composite material shows a good cycle ability and a high specific charge-discharge capacity. The HSAAC shows a vital role in adsorbing sublimed sulfur and the polysulfides within the cathode and is an excellent electric conductor for a sulfur cathode and prevents the shuttle behavior of the lithium-sulfur battery.展开更多
With the development of the coal chemical industry,the emission of coal gasification slag(CGS)has grown rapidly,raising widespread concerns about environmental pollution and resource waste.The composition and structur...With the development of the coal chemical industry,the emission of coal gasification slag(CGS)has grown rapidly,raising widespread concerns about environmental pollution and resource waste.The composition and structural characteristics of CGS,such as high contents of carbon,silicon,and aluminum and well-developed pores,enable the preparation of CGS-based adsorbent materials for wastewater treatment and gas purification,thus promoting high-value resource utilization of CGS and achieving the goal of“treating waste with waste.”On the basis of the compositional and structural characteristics of CGS being summarized in this review,the preparation methods of CGS-based adsorbent materials,such as activated carbon,zeolite,mesoporous silica,and carbon-silica composites,are systematically outlined as well as their preparation mechanisms are deeply elucidated.Then,the current application status and adsorption mechanisms of various types of CGS-based adsorbent materials in the fields of wastewater treatment and gas purification,such as heavy-metal removal,nitrate removal,ammonia-nitrogen removal,dye removal,CO_(2)absorption,and pollutant adsorption-catalytic degradation,are fully discussed.Finally,bottlenecks and key research directions in the preparation of highvalue-added adsorbent materials from CGS are summarized and prospected.This review is of significant relevance in promoting the product development and industrial application of CGS in the field of adsorption.展开更多
The SiO 2 adsorbing YF 3, Y 2(CO 3) 3, Y 2(C 2O 4) 3 and YPO 4, respectively, formed four systems of particle materials: SiO 2·YF 3, SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 , SiO 2·Y 2(C 2O 4) 3 and SiO ...The SiO 2 adsorbing YF 3, Y 2(CO 3) 3, Y 2(C 2O 4) 3 and YPO 4, respectively, formed four systems of particle materials: SiO 2·YF 3, SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 , SiO 2·Y 2(C 2O 4) 3 and SiO 2·YPO 4. The electrorheological(ER) behavior of the electrorheological fluids (ERF) prepared by dispersing them in silicone oil was tested at 20 ℃ under d.c. field. The results show that the system of SiO 2·YF 3 does not display ER activity, and the ER performance of the particle materials of SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 is the best among them. The shearing stress of ERF with SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 particles is 1.644 KPa and the relative viscosity η r(=η E/η 0) is 20.3 (under field strength E=4200 V·mm -1) while the adsorbed content of Y 2(CO 3) 3 in the SiO 2 particle materials is 12.4%(mass fraction).展开更多
The increase in energy demand caused by industrialization leads to abundant CO_2 emissions into atmosphere and induces abrupt rise in earth temperature. It is vital to acquire relatively simple and cost-effective tech...The increase in energy demand caused by industrialization leads to abundant CO_2 emissions into atmosphere and induces abrupt rise in earth temperature. It is vital to acquire relatively simple and cost-effective technologies to separate CO_2 from the flue gas and reduce its environmental impact. Solid adsorption is now considered an economic and least interfering way to capture CO_2, in that it can accomplish the goal of small energy penalty and few modifications to power plants. In this regard, we attempt to review the CO_2 adsorption performances of several types of solid adsorbents, including zeolites, clays, activated carbons, alkali metal oxides and carbonates, silica materials, metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and polymerized high internal phase emulsions. These solid adsorbents have been assessed in their CO_2 adsorption capacities along with other important parameters including adsorption kinetics, effect of water, recycling stability and regenerability. In particular,the superior properties of adsorbents enhanced by impregnating or grafting amine groups have been discussed for developing applicable candidates for industrial CO_2 capture.展开更多
Magnetically responsive porous materials possess unique properties in adsorption processes such as magneticinduced separation and heat generation in alternating magnetic fields, which greatly facilitates recycling pro...Magnetically responsive porous materials possess unique properties in adsorption processes such as magneticinduced separation and heat generation in alternating magnetic fields, which greatly facilitates recycling procedures, favors long-term operation, and improves desorption rate, making conventional adsorption processes highly efficient. With increasing interest in magnetic adsorbents, great progress has been made in designing and understanding of magnetically responsive porous materials varying from monoliths to nanoscale particles used for adsorption including oil uptake, removal of hazardous substances from water, deep desulfurization of fuels, and CO2 capture in the past few years. Therefore, a review summarizing the advanced strategies of synthesizing these magnetically responsive adsorbents and the utilization of their magnetism in practical applications is highly desired. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of this emerging field, highlighting the strategies of exquisitely incorporating magnetism to porous materials and subtly exploiting their magnetic responsiveness. Further innovations for fabricating or utilizing magnetic adsorbents are expected to be fueled. The potential opportunities and challenges are also discussed.展开更多
With the continuous growth of the world population,the demand for fresh water is ever increasing.Water desalination is a means of producing fresh water from saline water,and one of the proposed solutions in the scient...With the continuous growth of the world population,the demand for fresh water is ever increasing.Water desalination is a means of producing fresh water from saline water,and one of the proposed solutions in the scientific community for solving the current global freshwater shortage.Adsorption is foreseen as a promising technology for desalination due to its relatively low energy requirements,low environmental impact,low cost and high salt removal efficiency.More importantly,chemicals are not required in adsorption processes.Active carbons,zeolites,carbon nanostructures,graphene and coordination framework materials are amongst the most investigated adsorbents for adsorption desalination,which show different performances regarding adsorption rate,adsorption capacity,stability and recyclability.In this review,the latest adsorbent materials with their features are assessed(using metrics)and commented critically,and the current trend for their development is discussed.The adsorption mode is also reviewed,which can provide guidance for the design of adsorbents from the engineering application point of view.展开更多
A series of MgO-based adsorbents were prepared through solution–combustion synthesis and ball-milling process.The prepared MgO-based powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,N_2...A series of MgO-based adsorbents were prepared through solution–combustion synthesis and ball-milling process.The prepared MgO-based powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,N_2 physisorption measurements,and employed as potential adsorbents for CO_2 adsorption.The influence of structural and textural properties of these adsorbents over the CO_2 adsorption behaviour was also investigated.The results showed that MgO-based products prepared by solution–combustion and ball-milling processes,were highly porous,fluffy,nanocrystalline structures in nature,which are unique physico-chemical properties that significantly contribute to enhance their CO_2 adsorption.It was found that the MgO synthesized by solution combustion process,using a molar ratio of urea to magnesium nitrate（2：1）,and treated by ball-milling during 2.5 hr（MgO-BM2.5h）,exhibited the maximum CO_2 adsorption capacity of 1.611 mmol/g at 25℃ and 1 atm,mainly via chemisorption.The CO_2 adsorption behaviour on the MgO-based adsorbents was correlated to their improved specific surface area,total pore volume,pore size distribution and crystallinity.The reusability of synthesized MgO-BM2.5h was confirmed by five consecutive CO_2adsorption–desorption times,without any significant loss of performance,that supports the potential of MgO-based adsorbent.The results confirmed that the special features of MgO prepared by solution–combustion and treated by ball-milling during 2.5 hr are favorable to be used as effective MgO-based adsorbent in post-combustion CO_2 capture technologies.展开更多
A recyclable copper removal adsorbent was developed from diatomite and alu- minum sludge composite materials. The. effects of different formulas on the adsorption of Cu2~ under different conditions were discussed. The...A recyclable copper removal adsorbent was developed from diatomite and alu- minum sludge composite materials. The. effects of different formulas on the adsorption of Cu2~ under different conditions were discussed. The properties and rnicrostructures of the samples were characterized. The results showed that the optimum pH value, contacting time and raw materials proportion for copper removal are 6, 90 min and 40：60 （sludge： diatomite）, respectively, The copper removal capacity could reach 0.46 mg/g at the initial copper concentration of 5 mg/L. There was no change in the composition of crystal phase before and after copper removal, so physical adsorption was dominant during the adsorption process.展开更多
Both the commonly used and the PHBV based oil absorption materials were studied and the absorption mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the oil pick up ratios and the absorption rates of molded PHBV are almos...Both the commonly used and the PHBV based oil absorption materials were studied and the absorption mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the oil pick up ratios and the absorption rates of molded PHBV are almost the same as that of oil absorption polypropylene felt. In addition, the oil keeping ability of molded PHBV is superior to the latter. So the PHBV is a valuable and bio degradable oil absorption material.展开更多
Porous materials have regular three-dimensional pore structure, which has unique advantages in the field of modern pharmaceutical. At present, porous materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical field are mainly mole...Porous materials have regular three-dimensional pore structure, which has unique advantages in the field of modern pharmaceutical. At present, porous materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical field are mainly molecular sieves, macroporous adsorbent resins, activated carbon, etc. In this paper, the application status of these porous materials in the pharmaceutical field is reviewed, and the future development is prospected.展开更多
The effects of relative humidity (RH) on a printed circuit board finished with electroless nickel immersion gold (PCB-ENIG) under an adsorbed thin electrolyte layer (ATEL) were investigated in situ via the measurement...The effects of relative humidity (RH) on a printed circuit board finished with electroless nickel immersion gold (PCB-ENIG) under an adsorbed thin electrolyte layer (ATEL) were investigated in situ via the measurement of cathodic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to clearly elaborate the corrosion behavior of PCB-ENIG in the atmospheric environment. Results indicated that the cathodic process of PCB-ENIG under ATEL was dominated by the reduction of dissolved oxygen, corrosion products, and H2O. The cathodic current density of PCB-ENIG increased progressively with increasing RH. Moreover, its cathodic current density in the solution was greater than that under ATEL. This result demonstrated that the diffusion process was not the controlling step during the limiting reduction of cathodic oxygen. When the polarization potentials were located in a more negative region, the cathodic polarization current density gradually decreased under 75% and 85% RH. Notably, the anodic process became the controlling step in the extremely thin liquid film during the remainder of the experiment.展开更多
基金Projects(52474138,52104261,52525401)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject supported by the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE,ChinaProject supported by the Shanxi Key Laboratory Funds of Mine Rock Strata Control and Disaster Prevention,China。
文摘The novel magnetic sepiolite/Fe_(3)O_(4)/zero-valent iron(nZVI)nanocomposite(nZVI@SepH-Mag)was prepared and used to achieve the removal of Cr(VI)in this work.The nZVI@SepH-Mag composites were characterized by XRD,FTIR,BET,SEM and TEM.The characterization results indicated that the structure of the composite consisted of small nanoscale nZVI and magnetite(Mag)particles uniformly anchoring on the surface of acid-activated sepiolite(SepH).Batch experiments were used to analyze the effects of main factors on Cr(VI)removal.A 100%removal efficiency in 60 min and enhanced reaction ratio were reached by the composite comparing other existing materials.The kinetic of the adsorption and possible Cr(VI)removal mechanism of the hybrids were also evaluated and proposed.Based on the removal products identified by Raman,XRD and XPS,a reduction mechanism was proposed.The results indicated that the SepH and Mag can inhibit the agglomeration and enhance the dispersibility of nZVI,and Mag and nZVI displayed good synergetic effects.
基金supported by the Knowledge Innovation Program of Institute of Metal Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y0N5A111A1)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.Y2N5711171)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,State Education Ministry,China
文摘Arsenic is a highly toxic element and its contamination in water bodies is a worldwide problem. Arsenic adsorption with metal oxides/hydroxides-based adsorbents is an effective approach to remove arsenic species from water for the health of both human beings and the environment. However, no material criterion had been proposed for the selection of potential candidates. Equally puzzling is the fact that no clear explanation was available on the poor arsenic adsorption performance of some commonly used adsorbents, such as active carbon or silica. Furthermore, in-depth examination was also not available for the dramatically different competing adsorption effects of various anions on the arsenic adsorption. Through the arsenic adsorption mechanism study on these highly efficient arsenic adsorbents, we found that ionic potential could be used as a general material criterion for the selection of highly efficient arsenic adsorbents and such a criterion could help us to understand the above questions on arsenic adsorbents. This material criterion could be further applied to the selection of highly efficient adsorbents based on ligand exchange between their surface hydroxyl groups and adsorbates in general, which may be used for the prediction of novel adsorbents for the removal of various contaminations in water.
基金the Science and Technique Key Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2003A1100101,2003C105006)
文摘A novel carbon-sulfur nano-composite material was synthesized by heating sublimed sulfur and high surface area activated carbon （HSAAC） under certain conditions. The physical and chemical per- formances of the novel carbon-sulfur nano-composite were characterized by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller （BET） and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The electrochemical performances of nano-composite were characterized by charge-discharge characteristic, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impendence spectroscopy （EIS）. The experimental results indicate that the electrochemical capability of nano- composite material was superior to that of traditional S-containing composite material. The cathode made by carbon-sulfur nano-composite material shows a good cycle ability and a high specific charge-discharge capacity. The HSAAC shows a vital role in adsorbing sublimed sulfur and the polysulfides within the cathode and is an excellent electric conductor for a sulfur cathode and prevents the shuttle behavior of the lithium-sulfur battery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374279)the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2024CY2-GJHX-69)
文摘With the development of the coal chemical industry,the emission of coal gasification slag(CGS)has grown rapidly,raising widespread concerns about environmental pollution and resource waste.The composition and structural characteristics of CGS,such as high contents of carbon,silicon,and aluminum and well-developed pores,enable the preparation of CGS-based adsorbent materials for wastewater treatment and gas purification,thus promoting high-value resource utilization of CGS and achieving the goal of“treating waste with waste.”On the basis of the compositional and structural characteristics of CGS being summarized in this review,the preparation methods of CGS-based adsorbent materials,such as activated carbon,zeolite,mesoporous silica,and carbon-silica composites,are systematically outlined as well as their preparation mechanisms are deeply elucidated.Then,the current application status and adsorption mechanisms of various types of CGS-based adsorbent materials in the fields of wastewater treatment and gas purification,such as heavy-metal removal,nitrate removal,ammonia-nitrogen removal,dye removal,CO_(2)absorption,and pollutant adsorption-catalytic degradation,are fully discussed.Finally,bottlenecks and key research directions in the preparation of highvalue-added adsorbent materials from CGS are summarized and prospected.This review is of significant relevance in promoting the product development and industrial application of CGS in the field of adsorption.
文摘The SiO 2 adsorbing YF 3, Y 2(CO 3) 3, Y 2(C 2O 4) 3 and YPO 4, respectively, formed four systems of particle materials: SiO 2·YF 3, SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 , SiO 2·Y 2(C 2O 4) 3 and SiO 2·YPO 4. The electrorheological(ER) behavior of the electrorheological fluids (ERF) prepared by dispersing them in silicone oil was tested at 20 ℃ under d.c. field. The results show that the system of SiO 2·YF 3 does not display ER activity, and the ER performance of the particle materials of SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 is the best among them. The shearing stress of ERF with SiO 2·Y 2(CO 3) 3 particles is 1.644 KPa and the relative viscosity η r(=η E/η 0) is 20.3 (under field strength E=4200 V·mm -1) while the adsorbed content of Y 2(CO 3) 3 in the SiO 2 particle materials is 12.4%(mass fraction).
基金Supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China(2017YFB0603302)
文摘The increase in energy demand caused by industrialization leads to abundant CO_2 emissions into atmosphere and induces abrupt rise in earth temperature. It is vital to acquire relatively simple and cost-effective technologies to separate CO_2 from the flue gas and reduce its environmental impact. Solid adsorption is now considered an economic and least interfering way to capture CO_2, in that it can accomplish the goal of small energy penalty and few modifications to power plants. In this regard, we attempt to review the CO_2 adsorption performances of several types of solid adsorbents, including zeolites, clays, activated carbons, alkali metal oxides and carbonates, silica materials, metal–organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, and polymerized high internal phase emulsions. These solid adsorbents have been assessed in their CO_2 adsorption capacities along with other important parameters including adsorption kinetics, effect of water, recycling stability and regenerability. In particular,the superior properties of adsorbents enhanced by impregnating or grafting amine groups have been discussed for developing applicable candidates for industrial CO_2 capture.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21722606,21676138,and 21576137)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2018M632295)the Project of Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Magnetically responsive porous materials possess unique properties in adsorption processes such as magneticinduced separation and heat generation in alternating magnetic fields, which greatly facilitates recycling procedures, favors long-term operation, and improves desorption rate, making conventional adsorption processes highly efficient. With increasing interest in magnetic adsorbents, great progress has been made in designing and understanding of magnetically responsive porous materials varying from monoliths to nanoscale particles used for adsorption including oil uptake, removal of hazardous substances from water, deep desulfurization of fuels, and CO2 capture in the past few years. Therefore, a review summarizing the advanced strategies of synthesizing these magnetically responsive adsorbents and the utilization of their magnetism in practical applications is highly desired. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of this emerging field, highlighting the strategies of exquisitely incorporating magnetism to porous materials and subtly exploiting their magnetic responsiveness. Further innovations for fabricating or utilizing magnetic adsorbents are expected to be fueled. The potential opportunities and challenges are also discussed.
基金the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividadthe European Social Fund for her Ramon y Cajal Fellowship (RYC2019-027060-I/AEI/10.13039/5011 00011033)the China Scholarship Council (202006240076)-University of Manchester joint studentship
文摘With the continuous growth of the world population,the demand for fresh water is ever increasing.Water desalination is a means of producing fresh water from saline water,and one of the proposed solutions in the scientific community for solving the current global freshwater shortage.Adsorption is foreseen as a promising technology for desalination due to its relatively low energy requirements,low environmental impact,low cost and high salt removal efficiency.More importantly,chemicals are not required in adsorption processes.Active carbons,zeolites,carbon nanostructures,graphene and coordination framework materials are amongst the most investigated adsorbents for adsorption desalination,which show different performances regarding adsorption rate,adsorption capacity,stability and recyclability.In this review,the latest adsorbent materials with their features are assessed(using metrics)and commented critically,and the current trend for their development is discussed.The adsorption mode is also reviewed,which can provide guidance for the design of adsorbents from the engineering application point of view.
基金the National Institute of Nuclear Research(ININ),México,for financial support through project CB-406 stagesⅠ-Ⅲ
文摘A series of MgO-based adsorbents were prepared through solution–combustion synthesis and ball-milling process.The prepared MgO-based powders were characterized using X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,N_2 physisorption measurements,and employed as potential adsorbents for CO_2 adsorption.The influence of structural and textural properties of these adsorbents over the CO_2 adsorption behaviour was also investigated.The results showed that MgO-based products prepared by solution–combustion and ball-milling processes,were highly porous,fluffy,nanocrystalline structures in nature,which are unique physico-chemical properties that significantly contribute to enhance their CO_2 adsorption.It was found that the MgO synthesized by solution combustion process,using a molar ratio of urea to magnesium nitrate（2：1）,and treated by ball-milling during 2.5 hr（MgO-BM2.5h）,exhibited the maximum CO_2 adsorption capacity of 1.611 mmol/g at 25℃ and 1 atm,mainly via chemisorption.The CO_2 adsorption behaviour on the MgO-based adsorbents was correlated to their improved specific surface area,total pore volume,pore size distribution and crystallinity.The reusability of synthesized MgO-BM2.5h was confirmed by five consecutive CO_2adsorption–desorption times,without any significant loss of performance,that supports the potential of MgO-based adsorbent.The results confirmed that the special features of MgO prepared by solution–combustion and treated by ball-milling during 2.5 hr are favorable to be used as effective MgO-based adsorbent in post-combustion CO_2 capture technologies.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51102047)Fujian Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Youth Scholars (2012J06011)National Undergraduate Practice Innovation Plan (121038632)
文摘A recyclable copper removal adsorbent was developed from diatomite and alu- minum sludge composite materials. The. effects of different formulas on the adsorption of Cu2~ under different conditions were discussed. The properties and rnicrostructures of the samples were characterized. The results showed that the optimum pH value, contacting time and raw materials proportion for copper removal are 6, 90 min and 40：60 （sludge： diatomite）, respectively, The copper removal capacity could reach 0.46 mg/g at the initial copper concentration of 5 mg/L. There was no change in the composition of crystal phase before and after copper removal, so physical adsorption was dominant during the adsorption process.
文摘Both the commonly used and the PHBV based oil absorption materials were studied and the absorption mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the oil pick up ratios and the absorption rates of molded PHBV are almost the same as that of oil absorption polypropylene felt. In addition, the oil keeping ability of molded PHBV is superior to the latter. So the PHBV is a valuable and bio degradable oil absorption material.
文摘Porous materials have regular three-dimensional pore structure, which has unique advantages in the field of modern pharmaceutical. At present, porous materials commonly used in the pharmaceutical field are mainly molecular sieves, macroporous adsorbent resins, activated carbon, etc. In this paper, the application status of these porous materials in the pharmaceutical field is reviewed, and the future development is prospected.
基金Project(51271032)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014CB643300)supported by the National Basic Research Program of ChinaProject supported by the National Environmental Corrosion Platform,China
文摘The effects of relative humidity (RH) on a printed circuit board finished with electroless nickel immersion gold (PCB-ENIG) under an adsorbed thin electrolyte layer (ATEL) were investigated in situ via the measurement of cathodic polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to clearly elaborate the corrosion behavior of PCB-ENIG in the atmospheric environment. Results indicated that the cathodic process of PCB-ENIG under ATEL was dominated by the reduction of dissolved oxygen, corrosion products, and H2O. The cathodic current density of PCB-ENIG increased progressively with increasing RH. Moreover, its cathodic current density in the solution was greater than that under ATEL. This result demonstrated that the diffusion process was not the controlling step during the limiting reduction of cathodic oxygen. When the polarization potentials were located in a more negative region, the cathodic polarization current density gradually decreased under 75% and 85% RH. Notably, the anodic process became the controlling step in the extremely thin liquid film during the remainder of the experiment.
