经过十多年的建设,"Essentials of Biotechnology"已建设成为江南大学乃至江苏省来华留学生英语授课品牌课程。该课程针对来华留学生学科背景有较大差异,英语能力参差不齐和课程知识涉及面广,知识点较多,理论性强等问题,在原...经过十多年的建设,"Essentials of Biotechnology"已建设成为江南大学乃至江苏省来华留学生英语授课品牌课程。该课程针对来华留学生学科背景有较大差异,英语能力参差不齐和课程知识涉及面广,知识点较多,理论性强等问题,在原有双语课程教学的基础上,通过优化教材和教学内容,打造双向教学模式和建设多元评价体系并持续改进,构建了多层次启发式、互动、研讨相结合的复合教学体系,显著增强留学生专业基础知识水平和自主学习能力,为后续课程学习和研究工作的开展奠定了良好的基础。教学实践结果表明,该教学体系对提高该类课程的学习成效和课程质量,具有较为显著的示范效应。展开更多
Fruitlet Core Rot (FCR) is one of the major postharvest diseases of pineapple (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ananas comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;...Fruitlet Core Rot (FCR) is one of the major postharvest diseases of pineapple (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ananas comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> var. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), especially on the prone variety Queen Victoria cultivated in Reunion Island. This aggressive disease is generally due to two pathogens: </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thalaromyces stolii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and needs to be controlled during postharvest. In Reunion Island, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is the principal causal agent impacting fruit exportation. Fruit produced for the export market is generally treated with chemicals. This type of postharvest treatment is not in line with consumer expectations, as consumers prefer fruits treated with nonharmful and natural products. The objective of this work was to study alternative postharvest treatments using the fungitoxic properties of essential oils and their ability to elicit the resistance mechanisms of the fruit. Six EAs were tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> on mycelial growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Whether by volatilization or included in the culture medium, some essential oils such as thymol, eugenol, geraniol and the carvone/menthol mixture have a strong fungistatic effect. But only thymol has a fungitoxic effect. The thymol, a natural molecule synthesized by thyme (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thymus vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">thymoliferum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) is the more effective </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and is the strongest potential to be used in postharvest treatment. Thymol, prepared at 0.025% in a terpene solvent that acts as a penetrating agent, was tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with inoculated fruits. The treatment was effective only on necrosis development from the upper part of the fruits. Pineapple polyphenol biosynthesis appears to have been suppressed by thymol treatment. Results and opportunities for this treatment are discussed. Additional experiments must be carried out in order to decide on the advisability of this type of treatment.</span>展开更多
Background:Corchorus olitorius L.(Malvaceae)is a green leafy vegetable widely consumed in the Middle East and valued for its rich nutritional content.Its essential oils,an important class of secondary metabolites,are ...Background:Corchorus olitorius L.(Malvaceae)is a green leafy vegetable widely consumed in the Middle East and valued for its rich nutritional content.Its essential oils,an important class of secondary metabolites,are of growing interest for potential use in cosmetics and fragrance industries due to their bioactive properties.Methods:Leaves of C.olitorius cultivated in Egypt were extracted using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation(MAHD)and conventional hydrodistillation(HD).The oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)to characterize their chemical profiles.In vitro assays were conducted to evaluate their anti-elastase and anti-collagenase activities,and in silico studies were performed to predict the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of major constituents.Results:GC-MS analysis showed that aldehydes,alkanes,fatty alcohols,fatty acids,and their derivatives were the predominant compound classes in both oils.Notably,oxygenated diterpenes(11.22%)were present exclusively in the MAHD oil,while triterpenoids(16.37%)were found only in the HD oil.The MAHD oil demonstrated stronger In vitro anti-elastase(IC_(50)=42.5μg/mL)and anti-collagenase(IC_(50)=131.5μg/mL)activities compared to the HD oil(IC_(50)=66.7 and 206.8μg/mL,respectively),reflecting an approximate 36.3%improvement in elastase inhibition and 36.4%improvement in collagenase inhibition.In silico docking indicated that the triterpenoidβ-amyrin acetate showed the highest predicted binding affinity for porcine pancreatic elastase(PDB ID:6QEO,ΔG=−8.1 kcal/mol)and collagenase(PDB ID:456C,ΔG=−9.1 kcal/mol)among the major compounds analyzed.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that MAHD is a greener and more efficient extraction method,yielding oil with enhanced enzyme inhibitory activity compared to conventional HD.The promising anti-elastase and anti-collagenase properties suggest that C.olitorius MAHD oil could serve as a potential candidate for anti-aging cosmetic formulations,following further validation.展开更多
Village planning is a type of detailed planning in the territorial and spatial planning system which consists of planning of three types (i.e.,master planning,detailed planning,and sectoral planning) at five levels (i...Village planning is a type of detailed planning in the territorial and spatial planning system which consists of planning of three types (i.e.,master planning,detailed planning,and sectoral planning) at five levels (i.e.,state,province,city,county,and town/township),undertaking the statutory mission of resource element control and construction activity implementation in rural areas.Villages on the fringe of large cities are influenced by both urban and rural development due to their special geographical location,which has led to great difficulties in planning formulation.As a result,the results and effects of such planning have great demonstrative values.How to leverage the unique characteristics and values of these villages to solve the problems existing in the entire process from planning to construction,is a challenge in the formulation,utilization,and administration of village planning in the territorial and spatial planning system.Through a case study of the Wuhan Donghu Hi-Tech Development Zone,this paper focuses on addressing the needs of establishing a hierarchical planning content system,innovating the land use control mode,building a hierarchical approval system,and creating a categorized administrative system in the territorial and spatial master planning.Furthermore,it proposes practical strategies for village planning formulation,approval,and administration on the fringe of large cities,with the aim to provide reference for village planning in other regions.展开更多
The Hotel Electronic Distribution Network Association (HEDNA), in conjunction with their education management partner, HSA International, will host the new two-day "fundamentals" workshop on applying Revenue...The Hotel Electronic Distribution Network Association (HEDNA), in conjunction with their education management partner, HSA International, will host the new two-day "fundamentals" workshop on applying Revenue Management techniques within Electronic Distribution channels in advance of the opening of the HEDNA 2004 Conference in London.展开更多
Background Broiler chickens are most vulnerable immediately after hatching due to their immature immune systems,making them susceptible to infectious diseases.The yolk plays an important role in early immune defence b...Background Broiler chickens are most vulnerable immediately after hatching due to their immature immune systems,making them susceptible to infectious diseases.The yolk plays an important role in early immune defence by showing relevant antioxidant and passive immunity capabilities during broiler embryonic development.The immunomodulatory effects of phytogenic compound carvacrol have been widely reported.After in ovo delivery in the amniotic fluid during embryonic development carvacrol is known to migrate to the yolk sac.However,it is unknown whether carvacrol in the yolk could enhance defence responsiveness in the yolk sac.Therefore,the aim of this study was to improve early immune function in chicken embryos,and it was hypothesized that in ovo delivery of carvacrol would result in immunomodulatory effects in the yolk sac,potentially improving post-hatch resilience.Methods On embryonic day(E)17.5,either a saline(control)or carvacrol solution was injected into the amniotic fluid.Yolk sac tissue samples were collected at E19.5,and transcriptomic analyses using RNA sequencing were performed,following functional enrichment analyses comparing the control(saline)and carvacrol-injected groups.Results The results showed that 268 genes were upregulated and 174 downregulated in the carvacrol group compared to the control(P<0.05;logFC<-0.5 or log FC>0.5).Functional analyses of these differentially expressed genes,using KEGG,REACTOME,and Gene Ontology databases,showed enrichment of several immune-related pathways.This included the pathways‘Antimicrobial peptides’(P=0.001)and‘Chemoattractant activity’(P=0.004),amongst others.Moreover,the‘NOD-like receptor signaling’pathway was enriched(P=0.002).Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune defence and are amongst the molecules produced after the nucleotide oligomeriza-tion domain(NOD)-like receptor pathway activation.While these responses may be associated with an inflammatory reaction to an exogenous threat,they could also indicate that in ovo delivery of carvacrol could prepare the newly hatched chick against bacterial pathogens by potentially promoting antimicrobial peptide production through acti-vation of NOD-like receptor signaling in the yolk sac.Conclusion In conclusion,these findings suggest that in ovo delivery of carvacrol has the potential to enhance anti-pathogenic and pro-inflammatory responses in the yolk sac via upregulation of antimicrobial peptides,and NOD-like receptor pathways.展开更多
Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads ...Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads to a significant overall yield loss.In recent years of development,the exploitation of naturally occurring fungitoxic compounds such as Sandalwood Essential Oil(SEO)has been useful in tackling various fungal species.This study demonstrates the potential of SEO as part of a storage protection strategy against C.gloeosporioides-induced postharvest anthracnose.SEO displayed a relatively higher mycelial growth inhibition rate when compared to various other essential oils.Furthermore,the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC),and EC_(50)(Half maximal effective concentration)of SEO were determined to be 2000,2500,and 610.38μL/L,respectively.Moreover,the chitosan glutamate-SEO emulsion controlled the anthracnose spread for several days by multiple folds at½MIC,MIC,and 2 MIC concentrations.These results strongly support the potential for largescale production and application of SEO emulsions by agrochemical firms and post-harvest storage facilities handling Keitt mangoes.展开更多
Since the start of the 21st century,health issues caused by exposure to geological materials,such as heavy metal pollution and/or imbalances in essential elements,have consistently affected about one billion people wo...Since the start of the 21st century,health issues caused by exposure to geological materials,such as heavy metal pollution and/or imbalances in essential elements,have consistently affected about one billion people worldwide.In response to this critical problem,the field of Medical Geology has developed through collaborative efforts from experts in various disciplines,including geologists,environmental scientists,biologists,biochemists,toxicologists,epidemiologists,and public health professionals.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Sanhua essential oil inhalation as aromatherapy in patients with breast cancer-related depression.Methods:In total,144 patients with breast cancer-related depression who underwent...Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Sanhua essential oil inhalation as aromatherapy in patients with breast cancer-related depression.Methods:In total,144 patients with breast cancer-related depression who underwent postoperative chemotherapy were recruited.The participants in the control group(n=52)were offered a placebo(sunflower oil)daily,whereas those in the essential oil group(n=52)were administered Sanhua essential oil.This study evaluated depression improvement,Hamilton Depression Scale score,scores of symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quotient Index score,incidence of nausea and vomiting,and signal changes on functional magnetic resonance imaging.Results:Depression improved by 48.1%and 21.2%in the essential oil and control groups,respectively(P=.010).The Hamilton Depression Scale score(P=.017),scores for symptoms in TCM(P=.002),and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the acute and delayed phases were lower in the essential oil group than in the control group(nausea in the acute phase,P=.017;nausea in the delayed phase,P=.039;vomiting in the acute phase,P=.008;vomiting in the delayed phase,P=.081).The Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quotient Index score was lower in the essential oil group than in the control group(P=.005).Significant differences existed between the two groups in the left superior parietal gyrus,right precuneus,left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus,and right precentral gyrus according to functional connectivity on functional magnetic resonance imaging.Conclusion:Inhalation of Sanhua essential oil alleviated depression in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer,improved sleep quality,relieved TCM symptoms,reduced nausea and vomiting,and regulated activities in the brain regions.展开更多
Semen Platycladi(SP)is the dried ripe kernel of Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco,has been used for insomnia treatment for bimillennium in China,which mechanism is not fully understood.The aim of this study was to expl...Semen Platycladi(SP)is the dried ripe kernel of Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco,has been used for insomnia treatment for bimillennium in China,which mechanism is not fully understood.The aim of this study was to explore the sleep-promoting mechanism of essential oil and saponins from SP.As 2 main bioactive constituents of SP,essential oil(SPO)and saponin(SPS)were extracted,then was given to p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)-induced insomnia mice by intragastric administration.Then,the behavioral tests,neurotransmitter receptors,cytokines and hormone in brain were investigated.Behavior test showed that SPO and SPS exhibited sleep-enhancing effect through suppressing depression,shortening the onset time while prolonging the sleep duration in insomnia mice.Also SPO and SPS up-regulated serotonin(5-HT)receptors in serotonergic neurons,increased glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD)content in GABAergic neurons,and stimulatedγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)receptors expression to enhance the synaptic inhibition.Moreover,they could down-regulated the cytokines and rebalanced hormone expressions.Although both SPO and SPS exerted sleep-promoting,they had different focusing targets.SPS had stronger effect on neurotransmitter receptors regulation while SPO had better hormone rebalanced ability.Briefly,SPO and SPS exerted sedative-hypnotic effect in insomnia mice through modulating multi-targets in serotonergic and GABAergic system.展开更多
The rising risk of synthetic preservatives as antimicrobial agent has increased,leading to potential allergic reactions,intoxications,cancer,and other degenerative diseases.As a result,essential oils(EOs),recognized a...The rising risk of synthetic preservatives as antimicrobial agent has increased,leading to potential allergic reactions,intoxications,cancer,and other degenerative diseases.As a result,essential oils(EOs),recognized as natural antimicrobial agents due to their extensive antibacterial properties,have gained attention.However,their industrial applicability is hindered by challenges such as volatility,poor water solubility,oxidation potential,photodegradation,and thermal instability.Nano-encapsulation has emerged as a transformative solution for delivering essential oils,enhancing their stability,bioavailability,and targeted administration.This review explores the use of nano-encapsulated essential oils in combating bacteria,focusing on their mechanisms of action and potential advancements for the food preservation industry.Various nano-encapsulation methods,including liposomes,nanoemulsions,polymeric nanoparticles,and biopolymers like chitosan and alginate,have shown promise in overcoming the limitations associated with EOs.展开更多
Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and...Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.展开更多
Background:Use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations is an integral part of the manufacturing process,with the primary objective of eliminating or limiting the growth of microorganisms.Essential oils have emerged ...Background:Use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations is an integral part of the manufacturing process,with the primary objective of eliminating or limiting the growth of microorganisms.Essential oils have emerged as a promising option due to their antimicrobial properties and ability to contribute to the microbiological stability of cosmetic formulations.Objective:To investigate and compare of the ability of lavender hydrosol and lavender essential oil to inhibit microbial growth and preserve the integrity of model cosmetic formulations over their expected shelf life.Materials and methods:Lavender essential oil and hydrosol of the species Lavandula angustifolia,Mill were microbiologically evaluated.Results:The sample containing both L.angustifolia hydrosol and essential oil demonstrated the best overall performance.Addition of the essential oil seems to significantly enhance antimicrobial activity,compared to the hydrosol alone,decreasing the population of E.coli(Escherichia coli)from an initial concentration of 9.8×10⁶CFU(Colony Forming Units)/mL to 10 CFU/mL,whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased from 3.4×10^(5)CFU/mL to fewer than 10 CFU/mL.Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 6.9×10^(6)CFU/mL,to fewer than 10 CFU/mL,while the Candida albicans population exhibited a remarkable reduction from 2.0×10^(6)CFU/mL to 10 CFU/mL.Conclusion:The combination of hydrosol and essential oil resulted in significantly superior antimicrobial efficacy,suggesting a rather possible additional synergistic effect compared to the hydrosol alone,surpassing the criteria B set by the European Pharmacopoeia.展开更多
The continuous increase in petroleum-based plastic food packaging has led to numerous environmental concerns.One effort to reduce the use of plastic packaging in food is through preservation using biopolymer-based pac...The continuous increase in petroleum-based plastic food packaging has led to numerous environmental concerns.One effort to reduce the use of plastic packaging in food is through preservation using biopolymer-based packaging.Among the many types of biopolymers,chitosan is widely used and researched due to its non-toxic,antimicrobial,and antifungal properties.Chitosan is widely available since it is a compound extracted from seafood waste,especially shrimps and crabs.The biodegradability and biocompatibility of chitosan also showed good potential for various applications.These characteristics and propertiesmake chitosan an attractive biopolymer to be implemented as food packaging in films and coatings.Chitosan has been tested in maintaining and increasing the shelf life of food,especially seafood such as fish and shrimp,and post-harvest products such as fruits and vegetables.In addition to its various advantages,the properties and characteristics of chitosan need to be improved to produce optimal preservation.The properties and characteristics of chitosan are improved by adding various types of additive materials such as biopolymers,plant extracts,essential oils,and metal nanoparticles.Research shows that material additives and nanotechnology can improve the quality of chitosan-based food packaging for various types of food by enhancing mechanical properties,thermal stability,antimicrobial activity,and antioxidant activity.This review provides a perspective on the recent development and properties enhancement of chitosan composite with additives and nanotechnology,as well as this material’s challenges and prospects as food packaging.展开更多
文摘经过十多年的建设,"Essentials of Biotechnology"已建设成为江南大学乃至江苏省来华留学生英语授课品牌课程。该课程针对来华留学生学科背景有较大差异,英语能力参差不齐和课程知识涉及面广,知识点较多,理论性强等问题,在原有双语课程教学的基础上,通过优化教材和教学内容,打造双向教学模式和建设多元评价体系并持续改进,构建了多层次启发式、互动、研讨相结合的复合教学体系,显著增强留学生专业基础知识水平和自主学习能力,为后续课程学习和研究工作的开展奠定了良好的基础。教学实践结果表明,该教学体系对提高该类课程的学习成效和课程质量,具有较为显著的示范效应。
文摘Fruitlet Core Rot (FCR) is one of the major postharvest diseases of pineapple (<i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ananas comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> var. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">comosus</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">), especially on the prone variety Queen Victoria cultivated in Reunion Island. This aggressive disease is generally due to two pathogens: </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Fusarium ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thalaromyces stolii</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, and needs to be controlled during postharvest. In Reunion Island, </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> is the principal causal agent impacting fruit exportation. Fruit produced for the export market is generally treated with chemicals. This type of postharvest treatment is not in line with consumer expectations, as consumers prefer fruits treated with nonharmful and natural products. The objective of this work was to study alternative postharvest treatments using the fungitoxic properties of essential oils and their ability to elicit the resistance mechanisms of the fruit. Six EAs were tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> on mycelial growth of </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">F. ananatum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. Whether by volatilization or included in the culture medium, some essential oils such as thymol, eugenol, geraniol and the carvone/menthol mixture have a strong fungistatic effect. But only thymol has a fungitoxic effect. The thymol, a natural molecule synthesized by thyme (</span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Thymus vulgaris</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> L. </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">thymoliferum</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) is the more effective </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vitro </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and is the strongest potential to be used in postharvest treatment. Thymol, prepared at 0.025% in a terpene solvent that acts as a penetrating agent, was tested </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">in vivo</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> with inoculated fruits. The treatment was effective only on necrosis development from the upper part of the fruits. Pineapple polyphenol biosynthesis appears to have been suppressed by thymol treatment. Results and opportunities for this treatment are discussed. Additional experiments must be carried out in order to decide on the advisability of this type of treatment.</span>
基金Egyptian Science and Technology and Innovation Fund(STIFA)for the support of the study through grant No.46667 entitled“Sustainability of Lab Capacities of the Center of Drug Discovery Research and Development”.
文摘Background:Corchorus olitorius L.(Malvaceae)is a green leafy vegetable widely consumed in the Middle East and valued for its rich nutritional content.Its essential oils,an important class of secondary metabolites,are of growing interest for potential use in cosmetics and fragrance industries due to their bioactive properties.Methods:Leaves of C.olitorius cultivated in Egypt were extracted using microwave-assisted hydrodistillation(MAHD)and conventional hydrodistillation(HD).The oils were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)to characterize their chemical profiles.In vitro assays were conducted to evaluate their anti-elastase and anti-collagenase activities,and in silico studies were performed to predict the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of major constituents.Results:GC-MS analysis showed that aldehydes,alkanes,fatty alcohols,fatty acids,and their derivatives were the predominant compound classes in both oils.Notably,oxygenated diterpenes(11.22%)were present exclusively in the MAHD oil,while triterpenoids(16.37%)were found only in the HD oil.The MAHD oil demonstrated stronger In vitro anti-elastase(IC_(50)=42.5μg/mL)and anti-collagenase(IC_(50)=131.5μg/mL)activities compared to the HD oil(IC_(50)=66.7 and 206.8μg/mL,respectively),reflecting an approximate 36.3%improvement in elastase inhibition and 36.4%improvement in collagenase inhibition.In silico docking indicated that the triterpenoidβ-amyrin acetate showed the highest predicted binding affinity for porcine pancreatic elastase(PDB ID:6QEO,ΔG=−8.1 kcal/mol)and collagenase(PDB ID:456C,ΔG=−9.1 kcal/mol)among the major compounds analyzed.Conclusion:These findings demonstrate that MAHD is a greener and more efficient extraction method,yielding oil with enhanced enzyme inhibitory activity compared to conventional HD.The promising anti-elastase and anti-collagenase properties suggest that C.olitorius MAHD oil could serve as a potential candidate for anti-aging cosmetic formulations,following further validation.
文摘Village planning is a type of detailed planning in the territorial and spatial planning system which consists of planning of three types (i.e.,master planning,detailed planning,and sectoral planning) at five levels (i.e.,state,province,city,county,and town/township),undertaking the statutory mission of resource element control and construction activity implementation in rural areas.Villages on the fringe of large cities are influenced by both urban and rural development due to their special geographical location,which has led to great difficulties in planning formulation.As a result,the results and effects of such planning have great demonstrative values.How to leverage the unique characteristics and values of these villages to solve the problems existing in the entire process from planning to construction,is a challenge in the formulation,utilization,and administration of village planning in the territorial and spatial planning system.Through a case study of the Wuhan Donghu Hi-Tech Development Zone,this paper focuses on addressing the needs of establishing a hierarchical planning content system,innovating the land use control mode,building a hierarchical approval system,and creating a categorized administrative system in the territorial and spatial master planning.Furthermore,it proposes practical strategies for village planning formulation,approval,and administration on the fringe of large cities,with the aim to provide reference for village planning in other regions.
文摘The Hotel Electronic Distribution Network Association (HEDNA), in conjunction with their education management partner, HSA International, will host the new two-day "fundamentals" workshop on applying Revenue Management techniques within Electronic Distribution channels in advance of the opening of the HEDNA 2004 Conference in London.
基金support by AgriFutures Australia’s Chicken Meat Program[grant number PRJ-011584]is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Background Broiler chickens are most vulnerable immediately after hatching due to their immature immune systems,making them susceptible to infectious diseases.The yolk plays an important role in early immune defence by showing relevant antioxidant and passive immunity capabilities during broiler embryonic development.The immunomodulatory effects of phytogenic compound carvacrol have been widely reported.After in ovo delivery in the amniotic fluid during embryonic development carvacrol is known to migrate to the yolk sac.However,it is unknown whether carvacrol in the yolk could enhance defence responsiveness in the yolk sac.Therefore,the aim of this study was to improve early immune function in chicken embryos,and it was hypothesized that in ovo delivery of carvacrol would result in immunomodulatory effects in the yolk sac,potentially improving post-hatch resilience.Methods On embryonic day(E)17.5,either a saline(control)or carvacrol solution was injected into the amniotic fluid.Yolk sac tissue samples were collected at E19.5,and transcriptomic analyses using RNA sequencing were performed,following functional enrichment analyses comparing the control(saline)and carvacrol-injected groups.Results The results showed that 268 genes were upregulated and 174 downregulated in the carvacrol group compared to the control(P<0.05;logFC<-0.5 or log FC>0.5).Functional analyses of these differentially expressed genes,using KEGG,REACTOME,and Gene Ontology databases,showed enrichment of several immune-related pathways.This included the pathways‘Antimicrobial peptides’(P=0.001)and‘Chemoattractant activity’(P=0.004),amongst others.Moreover,the‘NOD-like receptor signaling’pathway was enriched(P=0.002).Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune defence and are amongst the molecules produced after the nucleotide oligomeriza-tion domain(NOD)-like receptor pathway activation.While these responses may be associated with an inflammatory reaction to an exogenous threat,they could also indicate that in ovo delivery of carvacrol could prepare the newly hatched chick against bacterial pathogens by potentially promoting antimicrobial peptide production through acti-vation of NOD-like receptor signaling in the yolk sac.Conclusion In conclusion,these findings suggest that in ovo delivery of carvacrol has the potential to enhance anti-pathogenic and pro-inflammatory responses in the yolk sac via upregulation of antimicrobial peptides,and NOD-like receptor pathways.
基金funded by the Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund[grant number ZDKJ2021012]the National Key R&D Programof China[grant number 2023YFD2300801]received by Fei Qiaothe Ongoing Research Funding Program(ORF-2025-751),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saud Arabia.
文摘Mango(Mangifera indica L.cv.‘Keitt’)is one of the core fruit delicacies produced by China.During the post-harvest storage span,the fungal pathogen colletotrichum gloeosporioides readily invades the fruits and leads to a significant overall yield loss.In recent years of development,the exploitation of naturally occurring fungitoxic compounds such as Sandalwood Essential Oil(SEO)has been useful in tackling various fungal species.This study demonstrates the potential of SEO as part of a storage protection strategy against C.gloeosporioides-induced postharvest anthracnose.SEO displayed a relatively higher mycelial growth inhibition rate when compared to various other essential oils.Furthermore,the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration(MIC),Minimum Fungicidal Concentration(MFC),and EC_(50)(Half maximal effective concentration)of SEO were determined to be 2000,2500,and 610.38μL/L,respectively.Moreover,the chitosan glutamate-SEO emulsion controlled the anthracnose spread for several days by multiple folds at½MIC,MIC,and 2 MIC concentrations.These results strongly support the potential for largescale production and application of SEO emulsions by agrochemical firms and post-harvest storage facilities handling Keitt mangoes.
文摘Since the start of the 21st century,health issues caused by exposure to geological materials,such as heavy metal pollution and/or imbalances in essential elements,have consistently affected about one billion people worldwide.In response to this critical problem,the field of Medical Geology has developed through collaborative efforts from experts in various disciplines,including geologists,environmental scientists,biologists,biochemists,toxicologists,epidemiologists,and public health professionals.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project(82104952)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Medical Innovation Research Special Fund(21Y11923600,23Y11921600)+2 种基金Shanghai Municipal Health Commission Clinical Research Special Fund(202140172)Yueyang Hospital Translational Medicine Research Institute Level Fund(2024yyzh05)Yueyang Hospital Young Talent Training Project(RY411.07.02.04).
文摘Objective:To evaluate the efficacy of Sanhua essential oil inhalation as aromatherapy in patients with breast cancer-related depression.Methods:In total,144 patients with breast cancer-related depression who underwent postoperative chemotherapy were recruited.The participants in the control group(n=52)were offered a placebo(sunflower oil)daily,whereas those in the essential oil group(n=52)were administered Sanhua essential oil.This study evaluated depression improvement,Hamilton Depression Scale score,scores of symptoms in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quotient Index score,incidence of nausea and vomiting,and signal changes on functional magnetic resonance imaging.Results:Depression improved by 48.1%and 21.2%in the essential oil and control groups,respectively(P=.010).The Hamilton Depression Scale score(P=.017),scores for symptoms in TCM(P=.002),and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in the acute and delayed phases were lower in the essential oil group than in the control group(nausea in the acute phase,P=.017;nausea in the delayed phase,P=.039;vomiting in the acute phase,P=.008;vomiting in the delayed phase,P=.081).The Pittsburgh Sleepiness Quotient Index score was lower in the essential oil group than in the control group(P=.005).Significant differences existed between the two groups in the left superior parietal gyrus,right precuneus,left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus,and right precentral gyrus according to functional connectivity on functional magnetic resonance imaging.Conclusion:Inhalation of Sanhua essential oil alleviated depression in patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast cancer,improved sleep quality,relieved TCM symptoms,reduced nausea and vomiting,and regulated activities in the brain regions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31871778,31801468,and 32072201)Foshan Social Field Technology R&D Special Program(2120001008478)+1 种基金Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou,China(202201011762)State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine(SZ2024KF05)。
文摘Semen Platycladi(SP)is the dried ripe kernel of Platycladus orientalis(L.)Franco,has been used for insomnia treatment for bimillennium in China,which mechanism is not fully understood.The aim of this study was to explore the sleep-promoting mechanism of essential oil and saponins from SP.As 2 main bioactive constituents of SP,essential oil(SPO)and saponin(SPS)were extracted,then was given to p-chlorophenylalanine(PCPA)-induced insomnia mice by intragastric administration.Then,the behavioral tests,neurotransmitter receptors,cytokines and hormone in brain were investigated.Behavior test showed that SPO and SPS exhibited sleep-enhancing effect through suppressing depression,shortening the onset time while prolonging the sleep duration in insomnia mice.Also SPO and SPS up-regulated serotonin(5-HT)receptors in serotonergic neurons,increased glutamic acid decarboxylase(GAD)content in GABAergic neurons,and stimulatedγ-aminobutyric acid(GABA)receptors expression to enhance the synaptic inhibition.Moreover,they could down-regulated the cytokines and rebalanced hormone expressions.Although both SPO and SPS exerted sleep-promoting,they had different focusing targets.SPS had stronger effect on neurotransmitter receptors regulation while SPO had better hormone rebalanced ability.Briefly,SPO and SPS exerted sedative-hypnotic effect in insomnia mice through modulating multi-targets in serotonergic and GABAergic system.
文摘The rising risk of synthetic preservatives as antimicrobial agent has increased,leading to potential allergic reactions,intoxications,cancer,and other degenerative diseases.As a result,essential oils(EOs),recognized as natural antimicrobial agents due to their extensive antibacterial properties,have gained attention.However,their industrial applicability is hindered by challenges such as volatility,poor water solubility,oxidation potential,photodegradation,and thermal instability.Nano-encapsulation has emerged as a transformative solution for delivering essential oils,enhancing their stability,bioavailability,and targeted administration.This review explores the use of nano-encapsulated essential oils in combating bacteria,focusing on their mechanisms of action and potential advancements for the food preservation industry.Various nano-encapsulation methods,including liposomes,nanoemulsions,polymeric nanoparticles,and biopolymers like chitosan and alginate,have shown promise in overcoming the limitations associated with EOs.
文摘Osyris lanceolata is heavily and illegally exploited in East Africa for its essential oils, yet little is known about its population status and ecological requirements. This study examined its population structure and environmental factors influencing its distribution in the semi-arid Karamoja sub-region, Uganda. We surveyed 388 plots (5 m radius) at different altitudes, recording life stages, stem diameters, and regeneration patterns, and analyzed soil samples. Multivariate analyses, including Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA), Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), and Multiple Regression Modeling (MRM), identified key environmental factors affecting its distribution. Findings show that O. lanceolata populations in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat districts are severely degraded due to overexploitation. The species is primarily regenerating through coppicing rather than seedlings, with an exploitation intensity of 56.6%. Population densities are low, distribution is irregular, and sustainable harvesting is not viable. Soil properties, particularly Ca2+, N, P, K+, Na+, and organic matter, significantly influence its abundance. Conservation efforts should focus on identifying suitable provenances for genetic preservation and plantation establishment. Areas with at least 9 trees per hectare in Moroto, Nakapiripirit, and Amudat could serve as potential sites for ex-situ plantations. Further research should explore how biotic interactions, genetic diversity, and morphology affect oil yield and quality to support restoration, breeding, and domestication initiatives.
基金financially supported by ELKE Uniwa(Special Account for Research Funds of University of West Attica).
文摘Background:Use of preservatives in cosmetic formulations is an integral part of the manufacturing process,with the primary objective of eliminating or limiting the growth of microorganisms.Essential oils have emerged as a promising option due to their antimicrobial properties and ability to contribute to the microbiological stability of cosmetic formulations.Objective:To investigate and compare of the ability of lavender hydrosol and lavender essential oil to inhibit microbial growth and preserve the integrity of model cosmetic formulations over their expected shelf life.Materials and methods:Lavender essential oil and hydrosol of the species Lavandula angustifolia,Mill were microbiologically evaluated.Results:The sample containing both L.angustifolia hydrosol and essential oil demonstrated the best overall performance.Addition of the essential oil seems to significantly enhance antimicrobial activity,compared to the hydrosol alone,decreasing the population of E.coli(Escherichia coli)from an initial concentration of 9.8×10⁶CFU(Colony Forming Units)/mL to 10 CFU/mL,whereas Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased from 3.4×10^(5)CFU/mL to fewer than 10 CFU/mL.Staphylococcus aureus decreased from 6.9×10^(6)CFU/mL,to fewer than 10 CFU/mL,while the Candida albicans population exhibited a remarkable reduction from 2.0×10^(6)CFU/mL to 10 CFU/mL.Conclusion:The combination of hydrosol and essential oil resulted in significantly superior antimicrobial efficacy,suggesting a rather possible additional synergistic effect compared to the hydrosol alone,surpassing the criteria B set by the European Pharmacopoeia.
基金Penelitian Tesis Magister(PTM)Research Grant from Indonesian Government Kemdikbudristek with contract number 036/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2024.PPM1 2024 Research Grant from Faculty of Industrial Technology,ITB.
文摘The continuous increase in petroleum-based plastic food packaging has led to numerous environmental concerns.One effort to reduce the use of plastic packaging in food is through preservation using biopolymer-based packaging.Among the many types of biopolymers,chitosan is widely used and researched due to its non-toxic,antimicrobial,and antifungal properties.Chitosan is widely available since it is a compound extracted from seafood waste,especially shrimps and crabs.The biodegradability and biocompatibility of chitosan also showed good potential for various applications.These characteristics and propertiesmake chitosan an attractive biopolymer to be implemented as food packaging in films and coatings.Chitosan has been tested in maintaining and increasing the shelf life of food,especially seafood such as fish and shrimp,and post-harvest products such as fruits and vegetables.In addition to its various advantages,the properties and characteristics of chitosan need to be improved to produce optimal preservation.The properties and characteristics of chitosan are improved by adding various types of additive materials such as biopolymers,plant extracts,essential oils,and metal nanoparticles.Research shows that material additives and nanotechnology can improve the quality of chitosan-based food packaging for various types of food by enhancing mechanical properties,thermal stability,antimicrobial activity,and antioxidant activity.This review provides a perspective on the recent development and properties enhancement of chitosan composite with additives and nanotechnology,as well as this material’s challenges and prospects as food packaging.
