Objective: this study focuses on the main causes and solutions of the routine blood test. Methods: in this study, 120 patients with the error in the routine blood test results from March 2020 to March 2021 were random...Objective: this study focuses on the main causes and solutions of the routine blood test. Methods: in this study, 120 patients with the error in the routine blood test results from March 2020 to March 2021 were randomly selected as the study subjects, and the clinical data of all the study subjects were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received 2mL blood collection from peripheral blood and 14ml of venous blood. The venous blood samples were divided into 7 groups, among which group 1 was tested immediately after collection, groups 2 and 3 were stored in refrigerator (4℃) and room temperature, groups 4 and 4 hours respectively, group 6 and 7 were treated with 1.6 mg/ml and 2.8 mg/ml anticoagulant respectively. Peripheral blood needs to be tested immediately. The root causes of common errors are summarized, and the influence of different blood collection location, placement time and anticoagulant concentration on the routine blood test indicators is discussed, and the corresponding solutions are summarized. Results: the results of this study showed that platelet content in peripheral blood samples was significantly lower than venous blood, with significantly different data between groups (P <0.05). Blood samples were retained for 2 hours after collection, the hemoglobin concentration and platelet content were lower than the 4-hour retained samples, and the data differences between groups were significant (P <0.05).Blood samples were stored in the refrigerator, the hemoglobin concentration was lower than those stored at room temperature, and there were significant differences between groups (P <0.05).After the blood samples were treated with 2.8 mg/ml anticoagulant concentration, the content of each index was significantly higher than that treated with 1.6 mg/ml, and the data between the two groups varied significantly (P <0.05).Among the routine blood tests, 120 subjects had the error in the routine blood test indicators, including the unreasonable anticoagulant concentration, long inspection time, unreasonable storage and personal factors of the subjects. Conclusion: in the routine blood test, many factors resulted in the test error. The hospital should clarify the main influencing factors, improve the efficiency and quality of routine blood test by strengthening the training of relevant personnel, actively communicating with the subjects, and making reasonable use of anticoagulant, reducing the probability of error, and provide reliable support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of doctors.展开更多
Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper pro...Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper proposes a defect prevention approach based on human error mechanisms：DPe HE.The approach includes both knowledge and regulation training in human error prevention.Knowledge training provides programmers with explicit knowledge on why programmers commit errors,what kinds of errors tend to be committed under different circumstances,and how these errors can be prevented.Regulation training further helps programmers to promote the awareness and ability to prevent human errors through practice.The practice is facilitated by a problem solving checklist and a root cause identification checklist.This paper provides a systematic framework that integrates knowledge across disciplines,e.g.,cognitive science,software psychology and software engineering to defend against human errors in software development.Furthermore,we applied this approach in an international company at CMM Level 5 and a software development institution at CMM Level 1 in the Chinese Aviation Industry.The application cases show that the approach is feasible and effective in promoting developers＇ ability to prevent software defects,independent of process maturity levels.展开更多
文摘Objective: this study focuses on the main causes and solutions of the routine blood test. Methods: in this study, 120 patients with the error in the routine blood test results from March 2020 to March 2021 were randomly selected as the study subjects, and the clinical data of all the study subjects were analyzed retrospectively. All patients received 2mL blood collection from peripheral blood and 14ml of venous blood. The venous blood samples were divided into 7 groups, among which group 1 was tested immediately after collection, groups 2 and 3 were stored in refrigerator (4℃) and room temperature, groups 4 and 4 hours respectively, group 6 and 7 were treated with 1.6 mg/ml and 2.8 mg/ml anticoagulant respectively. Peripheral blood needs to be tested immediately. The root causes of common errors are summarized, and the influence of different blood collection location, placement time and anticoagulant concentration on the routine blood test indicators is discussed, and the corresponding solutions are summarized. Results: the results of this study showed that platelet content in peripheral blood samples was significantly lower than venous blood, with significantly different data between groups (P <0.05). Blood samples were retained for 2 hours after collection, the hemoglobin concentration and platelet content were lower than the 4-hour retained samples, and the data differences between groups were significant (P <0.05).Blood samples were stored in the refrigerator, the hemoglobin concentration was lower than those stored at room temperature, and there were significant differences between groups (P <0.05).After the blood samples were treated with 2.8 mg/ml anticoagulant concentration, the content of each index was significantly higher than that treated with 1.6 mg/ml, and the data between the two groups varied significantly (P <0.05).Among the routine blood tests, 120 subjects had the error in the routine blood test indicators, including the unreasonable anticoagulant concentration, long inspection time, unreasonable storage and personal factors of the subjects. Conclusion: in the routine blood test, many factors resulted in the test error. The hospital should clarify the main influencing factors, improve the efficiency and quality of routine blood test by strengthening the training of relevant personnel, actively communicating with the subjects, and making reasonable use of anticoagulant, reducing the probability of error, and provide reliable support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of doctors.
文摘Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper proposes a defect prevention approach based on human error mechanisms：DPe HE.The approach includes both knowledge and regulation training in human error prevention.Knowledge training provides programmers with explicit knowledge on why programmers commit errors,what kinds of errors tend to be committed under different circumstances,and how these errors can be prevented.Regulation training further helps programmers to promote the awareness and ability to prevent human errors through practice.The practice is facilitated by a problem solving checklist and a root cause identification checklist.This paper provides a systematic framework that integrates knowledge across disciplines,e.g.,cognitive science,software psychology and software engineering to defend against human errors in software development.Furthermore,we applied this approach in an international company at CMM Level 5 and a software development institution at CMM Level 1 in the Chinese Aviation Industry.The application cases show that the approach is feasible and effective in promoting developers＇ ability to prevent software defects,independent of process maturity levels.
