On the evening of May 3Oth,the parallel forum"Equality and Inclusiveness&Harmonious Coexistence:Multi-dimensional Narratives of Civilisations from Writers'Perspective",as part of the 4th Dialogue on ...On the evening of May 3Oth,the parallel forum"Equality and Inclusiveness&Harmonious Coexistence:Multi-dimensional Narratives of Civilisations from Writers'Perspective",as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was organised by the China Writers Association and co-organised by China National Publications Import&Export(Group)Corporation.展开更多
The Global Leaders’Meeting on Women was held in Beijing,the capital of China,on 13-14 October.South African Minister in the Presidency for Women,Youth and Persons with Disabilities Sindisiwe Chikunga,attended the eve...The Global Leaders’Meeting on Women was held in Beijing,the capital of China,on 13-14 October.South African Minister in the Presidency for Women,Youth and Persons with Disabilities Sindisiwe Chikunga,attended the event.ChinAfrica spoke with her in an exclusive interview about the messages she brought to the meeting,South Africa’s progress in women’s empowerment,how the G20 presidency can contribute to this cause,and China’s role.An edited excerpt of the interview follows.展开更多
Under the background of accelerated global cultural exchange and information dissemination,reading has become a crucial component of public cultural services.Public libraries in Nordic countries(Denmark,Sweden,Norway,...Under the background of accelerated global cultural exchange and information dissemination,reading has become a crucial component of public cultural services.Public libraries in Nordic countries(Denmark,Sweden,Norway,Finland,Iceland)stand out by adhering to the core philosophy of“universal sharing and equal reading”,integrating reading promotion into national strategies,and constructing extensive service networks through sound legal guarantees and adequate financial support.This study identifies four key strategies for universality and equality in Nordic public libraries:covering all age groups,eliminating group differences,integrating digital and physical resources,and ensuring the right to read through legislative,financial,and other institutional support.These provide a reference for global public cultural services.展开更多
Traditional constitutional theory holds that Article 33,Paragraph 4 of the Chinese Constitution establishes the principle of the consistency of rights and obligations.However,with the evolution of constitutional theor...Traditional constitutional theory holds that Article 33,Paragraph 4 of the Chinese Constitution establishes the principle of the consistency of rights and obligations.However,with the evolution of constitutional theory and practice,its interpretation has shifted.It is increasingly viewed as a concretization of the principle of equality,although this perspective has not been thoroughly substantiated in academic circles.Upon closer analysis,interpreting this provision as the“consistency of rights and obligations”reveals several issues,including counterevidence from the constitutional drafting history,a lack of internal coherence,and a misalignment with the functions of the Constitution.By revisiting the specific context of this provision,it can be understood as an anti-privilege clause,serving as a special annotation of the equality principle.This approach enables a harmonious interpretation of this provision alongside other constitutional provisions.展开更多
Rapid and timely testing is essential to minimize the COVID-19 spread. Decision makers and policy planners need to determine the equal distribution and accessibility of testing sites. This study mainly examines the sp...Rapid and timely testing is essential to minimize the COVID-19 spread. Decision makers and policy planners need to determine the equal distribution and accessibility of testing sites. This study mainly examines the spatial equality of COVID-19 testing sites that maintain a zero COVID policy in Guangzhou City. The study has identified the spatial disparities of COVID testing sites, characteristics of testing locations, and accessibility. The study has obtained information on COVID testing sites in Guangzhou City and population data. Point pattern analyses, Euclidian distance and allocation, and network analyses are the main methods used to achieve the research objectives, and 1183 total COVID testing sites can be recognized in Guangzhou City. Results revealed that spatial disparities could be noticed over the study area. Testing locations of Guangzhou City are highly clustered. The most significant testing sites are located in Haizhu District, which has the third largest population. The highest population density can be identified in Yuexiu District. However, only 94 testing sites are located there. According to all the results, higher disparities can be identified, and a lack of testing sites is located in the north part of the study area. Some people in the northern part have to travel more than 10 km to reach a testing site. Finally, this paper suggests increasing the number of testing sites in the north and south parts of the study area and keeping the same distribution, considering the area, total population, and population density. This kind of research will be helpful to decision-makers in making proper decisions to maintain a zero COVID policy.展开更多
Gender equality is a significant issue in the economic and social sectors.A McKinsey study found that promoting gender equality in the workplace could contribute US$13 trillion to global GDP growth.And if China reache...Gender equality is a significant issue in the economic and social sectors.A McKinsey study found that promoting gender equality in the workplace could contribute US$13 trillion to global GDP growth.And if China reaches the forefront of gender equality in the workplace in the Asia-Pacific region,it would generate about US$3 trillion in GDP.展开更多
Objectives:This research based on the theoretical framework of globalisation focuses on the development of gender equality policy in the Olympic Movement and the implementation of IOC’s gender equality policy in the ...Objectives:This research based on the theoretical framework of globalisation focuses on the development of gender equality policy in the Olympic Movement and the implementation of IOC’s gender equality policy in the context of Chinese elite volleyball.Methods:In addition to documentary analysis,17 semistructured interviews were conducted with key insiders within Chinese elite volleyball system to provide a comprehensive understanding of the IOC’s gender equality policy implementation.The analysisinvolved perspectives of athletes’participation,coaching positions,and leadership roles according to three main elements of the IOC’s gender equality policy.Results:Thefindings demonstrated that the responses of Chinese elite volleyball to IOC’s gender equality policy are participative,conflictual,and passive in terms of the gender balance of athletes’participation,coaches’positions,and the representation of leadership roles respectively.Conclusions:IOC recommended subordinated stakeholders including NOCs to implement gender equality policy.The attitude of Chinese elite volleyball governing body towards gender equality is generally positive.However,IOC’s gender equality policy is not consistently transferred at national level.Policy might be implemented with symbolic measure in China without monitoring system.Referees should be included in policy contents in addition to athletes,coaches and leaders.In addition,since IOC’s gender equality policy and statistics have been keeping updated,further results with respect to the case of volleyballshould be demonstrated in future research.展开更多
In this paper, we considered the equality problem of weighted Bajraktarević means with weighted quasi-arithmetic means. Using the method of substituting for functions, we first transform the equality problem into solv...In this paper, we considered the equality problem of weighted Bajraktarević means with weighted quasi-arithmetic means. Using the method of substituting for functions, we first transform the equality problem into solving an equivalent functional equation. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the equality equation.展开更多
The crystal structure of Ig81 domain confirms that the domain folds into a compactβ-sandwich,but with an evanescent BC-loop at the N-terminus.It is not clear whether the divergent BC-loop has an effect on the stabili...The crystal structure of Ig81 domain confirms that the domain folds into a compactβ-sandwich,but with an evanescent BC-loop at the N-terminus.It is not clear whether the divergent BC-loop has an effect on the stability of the shear topology formed by two of parallel A and Gβ-strands.In this paper,two Cαatoms in A and Gβ-strands were selected as two stress points,and the domains were stretched in opposite directions as a speed of 2.5×10-4 nm·ps-1.Under the same stretching conditions,100 steered molecular dynamics(SMD)runs were performed.The free energy of Ig81 was constructed as a function of the increasing distance between the two stress points using the Jarzynski's equality.For comparison,the free energy profile of the Ig27 domain was reconstructed with same method.The results show that the work done to unfold Ig81 is greater than the work done to unfold Ig27,and that the folding barrier of Ig81 is lower than that of Ig27.This suggests that the presence of the distinctive long BC-loop increases the sta-bility of the shear topology,thereby improving the mechanical strength of the protein.展开更多
External equality and absolute equality are defined model independently by Fu. It is interesting and important to know whether these two equalities coincide or not. There are some results in Fu's paper for this is...External equality and absolute equality are defined model independently by Fu. It is interesting and important to know whether these two equalities coincide or not. There are some results in Fu's paper for this issue. It is relatively easy to prove the coincidence if the summation operator is in the language, otherwise it is harder. In fact Fu proposed it as an open problem whether the two equalities coincide in some languages without summation. In this paper, the proofs of the coincidence in finite CCS and π calculus without summation are given.展开更多
The assay argues that the Equality-Inequality dialectics is a very complex issue,which reflects many social dilemmas.On one side are the state official commitments to secure,maintain and protect all kinds of formal eq...The assay argues that the Equality-Inequality dialectics is a very complex issue,which reflects many social dilemmas.On one side are the state official commitments to secure,maintain and protect all kinds of formal equalities.On the other side are the natural and genetic distinctions that differ between human-beings while creating and maintaining inequality.In fact,this is kind of a contradiction exists in many fields of social sciences.The essay’s author reviews some of the relevant historical events,such as social mobility,individualism and education and points out on future solutions.Among the proposed suggestions are:1)Embracing Frankl’s giving“Meaning to Life”as a leverage for increasing pleasure of life;2)Recognizing and promoting Creative Individualism as the legitimized ground for inequality;3)Increasing Social Cohesion,required for social empowerment and attaining security and happiness.展开更多
This essay aims to discuss and analyse Jane Eyre and Mr. Rochester's attitude towards love and marriage. Struggling for theequality of human dignity crosses through their love from beginning to end. Therefore, we ...This essay aims to discuss and analyse Jane Eyre and Mr. Rochester's attitude towards love and marriage. Struggling for theequality of human dignity crosses through their love from beginning to end. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion--True love and happymarriage are based upon the equality of human dignity between a couple.展开更多
In this paper, we derive optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable multiobjective programming problem containing a certain square root of a quadratic form in each component of the objective function in the presenc...In this paper, we derive optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable multiobjective programming problem containing a certain square root of a quadratic form in each component of the objective function in the presence of equality and inequality constraints. As an application of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, a Mond-Weir type dual to this problem is formulated and various duality results are established under generalized invexity assumptions. Finally, a special case is deduced from our result.展开更多
Spatial equality of access to basic public services, especially medical care services which are directly related to life safety, is the first step to achieve the goal of equalization of basic public services for all t...Spatial equality of access to basic public services, especially medical care services which are directly related to life safety, is the first step to achieve the goal of equalization of basic public services for all the people proposed by central government of China. Using the spatial analysis and the statistical analysis, this study evaluates the spatial differentiation of medical care facilities accessibility by constructing STT(Shortest Travel-Time) and SAI(Spatial Accessibility Index). And then this study explores the neighborhood effects on the medical care facilities accessibility in Beijing, with a particular focus on the effect of neighborhood migrant proportion by constructing spatial dependent regression model. The spatial accessibility analysis of medical care facilities show that the spatial distribution of medical care facilities was basically consistent with administrative regions but not with population demands. Bivariate LISA cluster maps identify that suburban areas are the overlapped clusters of high percent of migrants and limited medical care services. This is associated with the public service allocation rule in China, which stresses equality within urban areas and within rural areas but overlooks equality between urban areas and rural areas; and stresses local resident demands but overlooks migrant demands. To estimate the effects on medical care accessibility of neighborhood migrant proportion, spatial dependence models are applied due to spatial dependence of accessibility of medical care facilities. The regression results show that neighborhoods with high percent of migrants, even conditioning on neighborhood SES, are related to limited spatial accessibility of medical care services. Besides neighborhood characteristics, another important factor influencing spatial accessibility of medical care services is the process of spatial spillover effects. This indicates that the attenuate accessibility of medical care services for migrants is not only because of their own constraints but also because of their proximity to other disadvantaged neighborhoods. Therefore, it is urgently needed to increase the medical facilities in the suburban areas, to take into account migrants' demands and to reduce residential segregation between local residents and migrants for local governments to achieve the goal of equalization of medical care service.展开更多
In this paper, the nonnull moments and the distributions of the likelihood ratio criterion for testing the equality of diagonal blocks with blockwise independence under certain alternatives have derived.
The reasonable prior information between the parameters in the adjustment processing can significantly improve the precision of the parameter solution. Based on the principle of equality constraints, we establish the ...The reasonable prior information between the parameters in the adjustment processing can significantly improve the precision of the parameter solution. Based on the principle of equality constraints, we establish the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints and derive the weighted least squares iterative solution of the model. In addition, aiming at the ill-posed problem of the coefficient matrix, we also propose the ridge estimation iterative solution of ill-posed mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints based on the principle of ridge estimation method and derive the U-curve method to determine the ridge parameter. The experimental results show that the weighted least squares iterative solution can obtain more reasonable parameter estimation and precision information than existing solutions, verifying the feasibility of applying the equality constraints to the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model. Furthermore, the ridge estimation iterative solution can obtain more accurate parameter estimation and precision information than the weighted least squares iterative solution.展开更多
A trust-region algorithm is presented for a nonlinear optimization problem of equality-constraints. The characterization of the algorithm is using inexact gradient information. Global convergence results are demonstra...A trust-region algorithm is presented for a nonlinear optimization problem of equality-constraints. The characterization of the algorithm is using inexact gradient information. Global convergence results are demonstrated where the gradient values are obeyed a simple relative error condition.展开更多
Let H;, H;, H;be real Hilbert spaces, let A : H;→ H;, B : H;→ H;be two bounded linear operators. The split equality common fixed point problem（SECFP） in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces introduced by Moudaf...Let H;, H;, H;be real Hilbert spaces, let A : H;→ H;, B : H;→ H;be two bounded linear operators. The split equality common fixed point problem（SECFP） in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces introduced by Moudafi（Alternating CQ-algorithm for convex feasibility and split fixed-point problems. Journal of Nonlinear and Convex Analysis）is to find x ∈ F（U）, y ∈ F（T） such that Ax = By,（1）where U : H;→ H;and T : H;→ H;are two nonlinear operators with nonempty fixed point sets F（U） = {x ∈ H;: Ux = x} and F（T） = {x ∈ H;: Tx = x}. Note that,by taking B = I and H;= H;in（1）, we recover the split fixed point problem originally introduced in Censor and Segal. Recently, Moudafi introduced alternating CQ-algorithms and simultaneous iterative algorithms with weak convergence for the SECFP（1） of firmly quasi-nonexpansive operators. In this paper, we introduce two viscosity iterative algorithms for the SECFP（1） governed by the general class of quasi-nonexpansive operators. We prove the strong convergence of algorithms. Our results improve and extend previously discussed related problems and algorithms.展开更多
This paper proves that the weighting method via modified Gram-Schmidt（MGS） for solving the equality constrained least squares problem in the limit is equivalent to the direct elimination method via MGS（MGS-eliminat...This paper proves that the weighting method via modified Gram-Schmidt（MGS） for solving the equality constrained least squares problem in the limit is equivalent to the direct elimination method via MGS（MGS-elimination method）. By virtue of this equivalence, the backward and forward roundoff error analysis of the MGS-elimination method is proved. Numerical experiments are provided to verify the results.展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Und...The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm are proved. As applications, we shall utilize the results presented in the paper to study the split equality feasibility prob- lems in Banach spaces and the split equality equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. The results presented in the paper are new.展开更多
文摘On the evening of May 3Oth,the parallel forum"Equality and Inclusiveness&Harmonious Coexistence:Multi-dimensional Narratives of Civilisations from Writers'Perspective",as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was organised by the China Writers Association and co-organised by China National Publications Import&Export(Group)Corporation.
文摘The Global Leaders’Meeting on Women was held in Beijing,the capital of China,on 13-14 October.South African Minister in the Presidency for Women,Youth and Persons with Disabilities Sindisiwe Chikunga,attended the event.ChinAfrica spoke with her in an exclusive interview about the messages she brought to the meeting,South Africa’s progress in women’s empowerment,how the G20 presidency can contribute to this cause,and China’s role.An edited excerpt of the interview follows.
基金This paper is a phased research outcome of the 2023 Beijing International Studies University Regional and Country Studies Special Research Project titled“Reading Promotion in Nordic Public Libraries and Its Implications for China’s National Reading Development”(Project No.QYGB23A003).
文摘Under the background of accelerated global cultural exchange and information dissemination,reading has become a crucial component of public cultural services.Public libraries in Nordic countries(Denmark,Sweden,Norway,Finland,Iceland)stand out by adhering to the core philosophy of“universal sharing and equal reading”,integrating reading promotion into national strategies,and constructing extensive service networks through sound legal guarantees and adequate financial support.This study identifies four key strategies for universality and equality in Nordic public libraries:covering all age groups,eliminating group differences,integrating digital and physical resources,and ensuring the right to read through legislative,financial,and other institutional support.These provide a reference for global public cultural services.
基金This paper is an phased result of the“Research on Constitutional Review Methods of fundamental rights Restrictions”(Project Number 21BFX040),a general project of 2021 supported by National Social Science Fund of China.
文摘Traditional constitutional theory holds that Article 33,Paragraph 4 of the Chinese Constitution establishes the principle of the consistency of rights and obligations.However,with the evolution of constitutional theory and practice,its interpretation has shifted.It is increasingly viewed as a concretization of the principle of equality,although this perspective has not been thoroughly substantiated in academic circles.Upon closer analysis,interpreting this provision as the“consistency of rights and obligations”reveals several issues,including counterevidence from the constitutional drafting history,a lack of internal coherence,and a misalignment with the functions of the Constitution.By revisiting the specific context of this provision,it can be understood as an anti-privilege clause,serving as a special annotation of the equality principle.This approach enables a harmonious interpretation of this provision alongside other constitutional provisions.
文摘Rapid and timely testing is essential to minimize the COVID-19 spread. Decision makers and policy planners need to determine the equal distribution and accessibility of testing sites. This study mainly examines the spatial equality of COVID-19 testing sites that maintain a zero COVID policy in Guangzhou City. The study has identified the spatial disparities of COVID testing sites, characteristics of testing locations, and accessibility. The study has obtained information on COVID testing sites in Guangzhou City and population data. Point pattern analyses, Euclidian distance and allocation, and network analyses are the main methods used to achieve the research objectives, and 1183 total COVID testing sites can be recognized in Guangzhou City. Results revealed that spatial disparities could be noticed over the study area. Testing locations of Guangzhou City are highly clustered. The most significant testing sites are located in Haizhu District, which has the third largest population. The highest population density can be identified in Yuexiu District. However, only 94 testing sites are located there. According to all the results, higher disparities can be identified, and a lack of testing sites is located in the north part of the study area. Some people in the northern part have to travel more than 10 km to reach a testing site. Finally, this paper suggests increasing the number of testing sites in the north and south parts of the study area and keeping the same distribution, considering the area, total population, and population density. This kind of research will be helpful to decision-makers in making proper decisions to maintain a zero COVID policy.
文摘Gender equality is a significant issue in the economic and social sectors.A McKinsey study found that promoting gender equality in the workplace could contribute US$13 trillion to global GDP growth.And if China reaches the forefront of gender equality in the workplace in the Asia-Pacific region,it would generate about US$3 trillion in GDP.
文摘Objectives:This research based on the theoretical framework of globalisation focuses on the development of gender equality policy in the Olympic Movement and the implementation of IOC’s gender equality policy in the context of Chinese elite volleyball.Methods:In addition to documentary analysis,17 semistructured interviews were conducted with key insiders within Chinese elite volleyball system to provide a comprehensive understanding of the IOC’s gender equality policy implementation.The analysisinvolved perspectives of athletes’participation,coaching positions,and leadership roles according to three main elements of the IOC’s gender equality policy.Results:Thefindings demonstrated that the responses of Chinese elite volleyball to IOC’s gender equality policy are participative,conflictual,and passive in terms of the gender balance of athletes’participation,coaches’positions,and the representation of leadership roles respectively.Conclusions:IOC recommended subordinated stakeholders including NOCs to implement gender equality policy.The attitude of Chinese elite volleyball governing body towards gender equality is generally positive.However,IOC’s gender equality policy is not consistently transferred at national level.Policy might be implemented with symbolic measure in China without monitoring system.Referees should be included in policy contents in addition to athletes,coaches and leaders.In addition,since IOC’s gender equality policy and statistics have been keeping updated,further results with respect to the case of volleyballshould be demonstrated in future research.
文摘In this paper, we considered the equality problem of weighted Bajraktarević means with weighted quasi-arithmetic means. Using the method of substituting for functions, we first transform the equality problem into solving an equivalent functional equation. We obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for the equality equation.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2021QD126)。
文摘The crystal structure of Ig81 domain confirms that the domain folds into a compactβ-sandwich,but with an evanescent BC-loop at the N-terminus.It is not clear whether the divergent BC-loop has an effect on the stability of the shear topology formed by two of parallel A and Gβ-strands.In this paper,two Cαatoms in A and Gβ-strands were selected as two stress points,and the domains were stretched in opposite directions as a speed of 2.5×10-4 nm·ps-1.Under the same stretching conditions,100 steered molecular dynamics(SMD)runs were performed.The free energy of Ig81 was constructed as a function of the increasing distance between the two stress points using the Jarzynski's equality.For comparison,the free energy profile of the Ig27 domain was reconstructed with same method.The results show that the work done to unfold Ig81 is greater than the work done to unfold Ig27,and that the folding barrier of Ig81 is lower than that of Ig27.This suggests that the presence of the distinctive long BC-loop increases the sta-bility of the shear topology,thereby improving the mechanical strength of the protein.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 60873034)
文摘External equality and absolute equality are defined model independently by Fu. It is interesting and important to know whether these two equalities coincide or not. There are some results in Fu's paper for this issue. It is relatively easy to prove the coincidence if the summation operator is in the language, otherwise it is harder. In fact Fu proposed it as an open problem whether the two equalities coincide in some languages without summation. In this paper, the proofs of the coincidence in finite CCS and π calculus without summation are given.
文摘The assay argues that the Equality-Inequality dialectics is a very complex issue,which reflects many social dilemmas.On one side are the state official commitments to secure,maintain and protect all kinds of formal equalities.On the other side are the natural and genetic distinctions that differ between human-beings while creating and maintaining inequality.In fact,this is kind of a contradiction exists in many fields of social sciences.The essay’s author reviews some of the relevant historical events,such as social mobility,individualism and education and points out on future solutions.Among the proposed suggestions are:1)Embracing Frankl’s giving“Meaning to Life”as a leverage for increasing pleasure of life;2)Recognizing and promoting Creative Individualism as the legitimized ground for inequality;3)Increasing Social Cohesion,required for social empowerment and attaining security and happiness.
文摘This essay aims to discuss and analyse Jane Eyre and Mr. Rochester's attitude towards love and marriage. Struggling for theequality of human dignity crosses through their love from beginning to end. Therefore, we can draw a conclusion--True love and happymarriage are based upon the equality of human dignity between a couple.
文摘In this paper, we derive optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable multiobjective programming problem containing a certain square root of a quadratic form in each component of the objective function in the presence of equality and inequality constraints. As an application of Karush-Kuhn-Tucker type optimality conditions, a Mond-Weir type dual to this problem is formulated and various duality results are established under generalized invexity assumptions. Finally, a special case is deduced from our result.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41701151)MOE(Ministry of Education in China)Project of Humanities and Social Sciences(No.17YJCZH256)Doctoral Project of Tianjin Normal University(No.52XB1621)
文摘Spatial equality of access to basic public services, especially medical care services which are directly related to life safety, is the first step to achieve the goal of equalization of basic public services for all the people proposed by central government of China. Using the spatial analysis and the statistical analysis, this study evaluates the spatial differentiation of medical care facilities accessibility by constructing STT(Shortest Travel-Time) and SAI(Spatial Accessibility Index). And then this study explores the neighborhood effects on the medical care facilities accessibility in Beijing, with a particular focus on the effect of neighborhood migrant proportion by constructing spatial dependent regression model. The spatial accessibility analysis of medical care facilities show that the spatial distribution of medical care facilities was basically consistent with administrative regions but not with population demands. Bivariate LISA cluster maps identify that suburban areas are the overlapped clusters of high percent of migrants and limited medical care services. This is associated with the public service allocation rule in China, which stresses equality within urban areas and within rural areas but overlooks equality between urban areas and rural areas; and stresses local resident demands but overlooks migrant demands. To estimate the effects on medical care accessibility of neighborhood migrant proportion, spatial dependence models are applied due to spatial dependence of accessibility of medical care facilities. The regression results show that neighborhoods with high percent of migrants, even conditioning on neighborhood SES, are related to limited spatial accessibility of medical care services. Besides neighborhood characteristics, another important factor influencing spatial accessibility of medical care services is the process of spatial spillover effects. This indicates that the attenuate accessibility of medical care services for migrants is not only because of their own constraints but also because of their proximity to other disadvantaged neighborhoods. Therefore, it is urgently needed to increase the medical facilities in the suburban areas, to take into account migrants' demands and to reduce residential segregation between local residents and migrants for local governments to achieve the goal of equalization of medical care service.
文摘In this paper, the nonnull moments and the distributions of the likelihood ratio criterion for testing the equality of diagonal blocks with blockwise independence under certain alternatives have derived.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant Nos.42174011,41874001 and 41664001Innovation Found Designated for Graduate Students of ECUT,Grant No.DHYC-202020。
文摘The reasonable prior information between the parameters in the adjustment processing can significantly improve the precision of the parameter solution. Based on the principle of equality constraints, we establish the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints and derive the weighted least squares iterative solution of the model. In addition, aiming at the ill-posed problem of the coefficient matrix, we also propose the ridge estimation iterative solution of ill-posed mixed additive and multiplicative random error model with equality constraints based on the principle of ridge estimation method and derive the U-curve method to determine the ridge parameter. The experimental results show that the weighted least squares iterative solution can obtain more reasonable parameter estimation and precision information than existing solutions, verifying the feasibility of applying the equality constraints to the mixed additive and multiplicative random error model. Furthermore, the ridge estimation iterative solution can obtain more accurate parameter estimation and precision information than the weighted least squares iterative solution.
文摘A trust-region algorithm is presented for a nonlinear optimization problem of equality-constraints. The characterization of the algorithm is using inexact gradient information. Global convergence results are demonstrated where the gradient values are obeyed a simple relative error condition.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61503385)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(3122016L002)
文摘Let H;, H;, H;be real Hilbert spaces, let A : H;→ H;, B : H;→ H;be two bounded linear operators. The split equality common fixed point problem（SECFP） in the infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces introduced by Moudafi（Alternating CQ-algorithm for convex feasibility and split fixed-point problems. Journal of Nonlinear and Convex Analysis）is to find x ∈ F（U）, y ∈ F（T） such that Ax = By,（1）where U : H;→ H;and T : H;→ H;are two nonlinear operators with nonempty fixed point sets F（U） = {x ∈ H;: Ux = x} and F（T） = {x ∈ H;: Tx = x}. Note that,by taking B = I and H;= H;in（1）, we recover the split fixed point problem originally introduced in Censor and Segal. Recently, Moudafi introduced alternating CQ-algorithms and simultaneous iterative algorithms with weak convergence for the SECFP（1） of firmly quasi-nonexpansive operators. In this paper, we introduce two viscosity iterative algorithms for the SECFP（1） governed by the general class of quasi-nonexpansive operators. We prove the strong convergence of algorithms. Our results improve and extend previously discussed related problems and algorithms.
基金supported by the Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project (Grant No.J50101)
文摘This paper proves that the weighting method via modified Gram-Schmidt（MGS） for solving the equality constrained least squares problem in the limit is equivalent to the direct elimination method via MGS（MGS-elimination method）. By virtue of this equivalence, the backward and forward roundoff error analysis of the MGS-elimination method is proved. Numerical experiments are provided to verify the results.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11361070)the Natural Science Foundation of China Medical University,Taiwan
文摘The purpose of this paper is to introduce and study the split equality variational inclusion problems in the setting of Banach spaces. For solving this kind of problems, some new iterative algorithms are proposed. Under suitable conditions, some strong convergence theorems for the sequences generated by the proposed algorithm are proved. As applications, we shall utilize the results presented in the paper to study the split equality feasibility prob- lems in Banach spaces and the split equality equilibrium problem in Banach spaces. The results presented in the paper are new.
