In recent years,numerous recurrent neural network(RNN)models have been reported for solving time-dependent nonlinear optimization problems.However,few existing RNN models simultaneously involve nonlinear equality cons...In recent years,numerous recurrent neural network(RNN)models have been reported for solving time-dependent nonlinear optimization problems.However,few existing RNN models simultaneously involve nonlinear equality constraints,direct discretization,and noise suppression.This limitation presents challenges when existing models are applied to practical engineering problems.Additionally,most current discrete-time RNN models are derived from continuous-time models,which may not perform well for solving essentially discrete problems.To handle these issues,a robust direct-discretized RNN(RDD-RNN)model is proposed to efficiently realize time-dependent optimization constrained by nonlinear equalities(TDOCNE)in the presence of various time-dependent noises.Theoretical analyses are provided to reveal that the proposed RDD-RNN model possesses excellent convergence and noise-suppressing capability.Furthermore,numerical experiments and manipulator control instances are conducted and analyzed to validate the superior robustness of the proposed RDD-RNN model under various time-dependent noises,particularly quadratic polynomial noise.Eventually,small target detection experiments further demonstrate the practicality of the RDD-RNN model in image processing applications.展开更多
The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics...The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormous successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach： One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.展开更多
In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton-like method for solving nonlinear systems of equalities and inequalities.By using the so-called max function,we transfer the inequalities into a system of semismooth equalit...In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton-like method for solving nonlinear systems of equalities and inequalities.By using the so-called max function,we transfer the inequalities into a system of semismooth equalities.Then a smoothing Newton-like method is proposed for solving the reformulated system,which only needs to solve one system of linear equations and to perform one line search at each iteration. The global and local quadratic convergence are studied under appropriate assumptions. Numerical examples show that the new approach is effective.展开更多
In this paper, we establish a new type of alternation theory for more general restricted ranges Chebyshev approximation with equalities. The uniqueness and strong uniqueness theorems are given. Applying the results, w...In this paper, we establish a new type of alternation theory for more general restricted ranges Chebyshev approximation with equalities. The uniqueness and strong uniqueness theorems are given. Applying the results, we obtain the alternation theorem and uniqueness theorem for best coposilive approximation.展开更多
Let A∈C<sup>m×n</sup>,set eigenvalues of matrix A with |λ<sub>1</sub> （A）|≥|λ<sub>2</sub>（A）|≥…≥|λ<sub>n</sub>（A）|,write A≥0 if A is a positive semid...Let A∈C<sup>m×n</sup>,set eigenvalues of matrix A with |λ<sub>1</sub> （A）|≥|λ<sub>2</sub>（A）|≥…≥|λ<sub>n</sub>（A）|,write A≥0 if A is a positive semidefinite Hermitian matrix, and denote∧<sub>k</sub> （A）=diag （λ<sub>1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>k</sub>（A））,∧<sub>(</sub>（n-k）.（A）=diag (λ<sub>k+1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>n</sub>（A）)for any k=1, 2,...,n if A≥0. Denote all n order unitary matrices by U<sup>n×n</sup>.Problem of equalities to hold in eigenvalue inequalities for products of matrices展开更多
In quantitative decision analysis, an analyst applies mathematical models to make decisions. Frequently these models involve an optimization problem to determine the values of the decision variables, a system </spa...In quantitative decision analysis, an analyst applies mathematical models to make decisions. Frequently these models involve an optimization problem to determine the values of the decision variables, a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of possibly non</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">li</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">near inequalities and equalities to restrict these variables, or both. In this</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> note, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">we relate a general nonlinear programming problem to such a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> such </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a way as to provide a solution of either by solving the other—with certain l</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">imitations. We first start with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and generalize phase 1 of the two-phase simplex method to either solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> or establish that a solution does not exist. A conclusion is reached by trying to solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by minimizing a sum of artificial variables subject to the system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> as constraints. Using examples, we illustrate </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">how this approach can give the core of a cooperative game and an equili</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">brium for a noncooperative game, as well as solve both linear and nonlinear goal programming problems. Similarly, we start with a general nonlinear programming problem and present an algorithm to solve it as a series of systems </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by generalizing the </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sliding objective</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> function </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">method</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> two-dimensional linear programming. An example is presented to illustrate the geometrical nature of this approach.展开更多
We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities .in isolated quantum Hamiltonian sys- tems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks ...We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities .in isolated quantum Hamiltonian sys- tems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks equality, the evolution equations governing the characteristic functions of the probability density functions for the quantum work, and recent experimental verifications. Some resultsare given here for the first time. We particularly emphasize the formally structural consistence between these quantum equalities and their classical counterparts, which are useful for understanding the existing equalities and pursuing new fluctuation relations in other complex quantum systems.展开更多
Some rank equalities are established for anti-involutory matrices. In particular, we get the formulas for the rank of the difference, the sum and the commutator of anti-involutory matrices.
A numerical radius inequality due to Shebrawi and Albadawi says that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relati...A numerical radius inequality due to Shebrawi and Albadawi says that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then for all r≥1. We give sharper numerical radius inequality which states that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then ?where . Moreover, we give many numerical radius inequalities which are sharper than related inequalities proved recently, and several applications are given.展开更多
In this paper,a nonmonotone smoothing Newton method is proposed for solving systems of nonlinear equalities and inequalities.By constructing a new smoothing function,the problem is approximated via a family of paramet...In this paper,a nonmonotone smoothing Newton method is proposed for solving systems of nonlinear equalities and inequalities.By constructing a new smoothing function,the problem is approximated via a family of parameterized smooth equations.A smoothing Newton method is developed for solving the systems of nonlinear equalities and inequalities by adopting a modified nonmontone line search technique.And the global and local superlinear convergence of the algorithm are proved under mild assumptions.The preliminary numerical results are reported.展开更多
We prove weighted q-variation inequalities with 2<q<∞for sharp truncations of singular integral operators in higher dimensions.The vector-valued extensions of these inequalities are also given.Parallel results ...We prove weighted q-variation inequalities with 2<q<∞for sharp truncations of singular integral operators in higher dimensions.The vector-valued extensions of these inequalities are also given.Parallel results are proven for differential operators.展开更多
Ultrafine-grained(UFG)pure titanium was produced by equal channel angular pressing for 4 passes,followed by rotatory swaging at room temperature.The strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests of UFG and coarse-grained(...Ultrafine-grained(UFG)pure titanium was produced by equal channel angular pressing for 4 passes,followed by rotatory swaging at room temperature.The strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests of UFG and coarse-grained(CG)pure titanium were conducted by Instron electro-hydraulic servo fatigue testing machine in the strain amplitude range of 0.5%—1.1%at room temperature.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the microstructure and fracture surface of UFG pure titanium after fatigue tests.Results show that UFG pure titanium exhibits a longer low-cycle fatigue life,compared with the CG pure titanium.For example,at a total strain amplitude of 0.5%,UFG and CG pure titanium has fatigue life of 10850 and 4820 cycles,respectively.Significant cyclic softening occurs in UFG pure titanium,except in the case of a total strain amplitude of 0.5%.Hysteresis loop area is increased rapidly with the increase in strain amplitude.The fracture surface shows that the fatigue crack is initiated from the specimen surface.A series of fatigue striations and many microcracks exist in the propagation region.With the increase in strain amplitude,the predominant failure mode is transformed from ductile failure into quasi-cleavage failure.Dislocation slip is the main plastic deformation mechanism of UFG pure titanium during low-cycle fatigue deformation.展开更多
In this paper we generalize the results of [1]and prove that,for any given 4≤k≤n,theChern classes of hypersurface V_n corresponding to the partitions of k also satisfy some equalities.Furthermore,we obtain the equal...In this paper we generalize the results of [1]and prove that,for any given 4≤k≤n,theChern classes of hypersurface V_n corresponding to the partitions of k also satisfy some equalities.Furthermore,we obtain the equalities of Chern classes concretely for k=4,5,6.展开更多
In this paper, we deal with a Dirichlet problem for linear elliptic equations related to Gauss measure. For this problem, we study the converse of some inequalities proved by other authors, in the sense that we study ...In this paper, we deal with a Dirichlet problem for linear elliptic equations related to Gauss measure. For this problem, we study the converse of some inequalities proved by other authors, in the sense that we study the case of equalities and show that equalities are achieved only in the ＂symmetrized＂ situations. In addition, under other assumptions, we give a different form of comparison results and discuss the corresponding case of equalities.展开更多
Cloud services,favored by many enterprises due to their high flexibility and easy operation,are widely used for data storage and processing.However,the high latency,together with transmission overheads of the cloud ar...Cloud services,favored by many enterprises due to their high flexibility and easy operation,are widely used for data storage and processing.However,the high latency,together with transmission overheads of the cloud architecture,makes it difficult to quickly respond to the demands of IoT applications and local computation.To make up for these deficiencies in the cloud,fog computing has emerged as a critical role in the IoT applications.It decentralizes the computing power to various lower nodes close to data sources,so as to achieve the goal of low latency and distributed processing.With the data being frequently exchanged and shared between multiple nodes,it becomes a challenge to authorize data securely and efficiently while protecting user privacy.To address this challenge,proxy re-encryption(PRE)schemes provide a feasible way allowing an intermediary proxy node to re-encrypt ciphertext designated for different authorized data requesters without compromising any plaintext information.Since the proxy is viewed as a semi-trusted party,it should be taken to prevent malicious behaviors and reduce the risk of data leakage when implementing PRE schemes.This paper proposes a new fog-assisted identity-based PRE scheme supporting anonymous key generation,equality test,and user revocation to fulfill various IoT application requirements.Specifically,in a traditional identity-based public key architecture,the key escrow problem and the necessity of a secure channel are major security concerns.We utilize an anonymous key generation technique to solve these problems.The equality test functionality further enables a cloud server to inspect whether two candidate trapdoors contain an identical keyword.In particular,the proposed scheme realizes fine-grained user-level authorization while maintaining strong key confidentiality.To revoke an invalid user identity,we add a revocation list to the system flows to restrict access privileges without increasing additional computation cost.To ensure security,it is shown that our system meets the security notion of IND-PrID-CCA and OW-ID-CCA under the Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman(DBDH)assumption.展开更多
In view of the high computational complexity of traditional linear equalization algorithms in Orthogonal Time Frequency Space(OTFS)systems,a minimum mean square error(MMSE)channel equalization algorithm based on Matri...In view of the high computational complexity of traditional linear equalization algorithms in Orthogonal Time Frequency Space(OTFS)systems,a minimum mean square error(MMSE)channel equalization algorithm based on Matrix Chunking Lower and Upper Triangular Decomposition(CLU)is proposed.The proposed algorithm derives the structural properties of the chunked MMSE equalization matrix by leveraging the block diagonal structure of the Cyclic Prefix OTFS(CP-OTFS)time-domain channel matrix and the quasi-band structure of its constituent block matrices.On this basis,triangular decomposition combined with forward and backward substitution is used to avoid matrix inversion.This approach significantly reduces the complexity of the MMSE algorithm without sacrificing its performance.展开更多
Medical imaging is essential in modern health care,allowing accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.These images,however,often demonstrate low contrast,noise,and brightness distortion that reduce their dia...Medical imaging is essential in modern health care,allowing accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.These images,however,often demonstrate low contrast,noise,and brightness distortion that reduce their diagnostic reliability.This review presents a structured and comprehensive analysis of advanced histogram equalization(HE)-based techniques for medical image enhancement.Our review methodology encompasses:(1)classical HE approaches and related limitations in medical domains;(2)adaptive schemes like Adaptive Histogram Equalization(AHE)and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogrma Equalization(CLAHE)and their advance variants;(3)brightnesspreserving schemes like BBHE and MMBEBHE and related algorithms;(4)dynamic and recursive histogram equalization methods incorporating DHE and RMSHE;(5)fuzzy logic-based enhancement methodologies addressing uncertainty and noise in medical images;and(6)hybrid optimization methodologies through the application of metaheuristic algorithms(World Cup Optimization,Particle Swarm Optimization,Genetic Algorithms,along with histogram-based methodologies.)There is also a comparative discussion given based on contrast improvement,image brightness preservation,noise management,and computational efficiency.Such advancements have better capabilities of improving image quality,which is more important for improved diagnosis and image analysis.展开更多
Agile lithology identification can assist mining by providing important information in the exploration and production of mineral resources.This study proposes a new lithology recognition procedure using video-logging ...Agile lithology identification can assist mining by providing important information in the exploration and production of mineral resources.This study proposes a new lithology recognition procedure using video-logging of boreholes with an endoscope,applied to six production blocks in a limestone quarry.Images are automatically extracted from the videos and the lithology is classified into three classes based on clay content,i.e.massive limestone,brecciated limestone,and high amount of clay.The image quality is evaluated with a gray pixel intensity threshold and three no-reference image quality metrics,i.e.perception-based image quality evaluator,natural image quality evaluator,and blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator.After removing low-quality images,7583 images are retained and used for developing lithology classification models using six optimized classification techniques.The contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE)technique is used to improve image quality.Ten color characteristics involving three percentiles of red,green and blue pixel intensities,together with color counting and five texture characteristics-correlation,entropy,homogeneity,contrast and energy-are used as inputs.Bayesian optimized light gradient boosting machine model performs best,with an overall accuracy of 88.04%,and a precision on the classes of massive limestone,brecciated limestone and high amount of clay of 90.72%,83.52%and 85.29%,respectively,for the testing set.The feature importance scores show that the color counting is the most significant parameter for the development of the classification model.Compared with previous image-based methodologies,this study provides a more flexible and cheaper procedure to identify lithology.展开更多
Women’s rights and gender equality,as essential pillars of social progress and human development,have become a shared pursuit of the international community.Chinese President Xi Jinping on 13 October 2025 delivered a...Women’s rights and gender equality,as essential pillars of social progress and human development,have become a shared pursuit of the international community.Chinese President Xi Jinping on 13 October 2025 delivered a keynote address at the opening ceremony of the Global Leaders’Meeting on Women in Beijing.展开更多
The 200 Gbit/s passive optical network(PON)is most likely to be the next-generation scheme following 50G PON.The costeffective direct detection(DD)system is the economical choice.However,larger-capacity DD systems wil...The 200 Gbit/s passive optical network(PON)is most likely to be the next-generation scheme following 50G PON.The costeffective direct detection(DD)system is the economical choice.However,larger-capacity DD systems will face much more serious power fading caused by chromatic dispersion(CD)combined with square-law DD and thereby significantly increases the complexity of equalization algorithms.In this paper,a 200 Gbit/s Nyquist 4-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4)single side-band(SSB)modulation-DD downlink scheme is designed,and a low complexity quadratic-nonlinear equalizer is proposed for this system.The computational complexity of the quadratic nonlinear equalizer is about 28%of that of the conventional Volterra nonlinear equalizer,while still exhibiting excellent nonlinear equalization ability.Simulation results for the 200 Gbit/s system with 20 km fiber transmission show that it can achieve a power budget of 29 dB,while a 30.4 dB power budget is obtained in the 50 Gbit/s experimental transmission.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3011100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62476294)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2021B1212040017)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515010377,2023A1515110697).
文摘In recent years,numerous recurrent neural network(RNN)models have been reported for solving time-dependent nonlinear optimization problems.However,few existing RNN models simultaneously involve nonlinear equality constraints,direct discretization,and noise suppression.This limitation presents challenges when existing models are applied to practical engineering problems.Additionally,most current discrete-time RNN models are derived from continuous-time models,which may not perform well for solving essentially discrete problems.To handle these issues,a robust direct-discretized RNN(RDD-RNN)model is proposed to efficiently realize time-dependent optimization constrained by nonlinear equalities(TDOCNE)in the presence of various time-dependent noises.Theoretical analyses are provided to reveal that the proposed RDD-RNN model possesses excellent convergence and noise-suppressing capability.Furthermore,numerical experiments and manipulator control instances are conducted and analyzed to validate the superior robustness of the proposed RDD-RNN model under various time-dependent noises,particularly quadratic polynomial noise.Eventually,small target detection experiments further demonstrate the practicality of the RDD-RNN model in image processing applications.
基金The project supported in part by USA NIH Grant under HG002894
文摘The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormous successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach： One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.
基金supported by Guangdong Provincial Zhujiang Scholar Award Project,National Science Foundation of China(10671163,10871031)the National Basic Research Program under the Grant 2005CB321703Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(06A069,06C824)
文摘In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton-like method for solving nonlinear systems of equalities and inequalities.By using the so-called max function,we transfer the inequalities into a system of semismooth equalities.Then a smoothing Newton-like method is proposed for solving the reformulated system,which only needs to solve one system of linear equations and to perform one line search at each iteration. The global and local quadratic convergence are studied under appropriate assumptions. Numerical examples show that the new approach is effective.
文摘In this paper, we establish a new type of alternation theory for more general restricted ranges Chebyshev approximation with equalities. The uniqueness and strong uniqueness theorems are given. Applying the results, we obtain the alternation theorem and uniqueness theorem for best coposilive approximation.
基金Supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Let A∈C<sup>m×n</sup>,set eigenvalues of matrix A with |λ<sub>1</sub> （A）|≥|λ<sub>2</sub>（A）|≥…≥|λ<sub>n</sub>（A）|,write A≥0 if A is a positive semidefinite Hermitian matrix, and denote∧<sub>k</sub> （A）=diag （λ<sub>1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>k</sub>（A））,∧<sub>(</sub>（n-k）.（A）=diag (λ<sub>k+1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>n</sub>（A）)for any k=1, 2,...,n if A≥0. Denote all n order unitary matrices by U<sup>n×n</sup>.Problem of equalities to hold in eigenvalue inequalities for products of matrices
文摘In quantitative decision analysis, an analyst applies mathematical models to make decisions. Frequently these models involve an optimization problem to determine the values of the decision variables, a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of possibly non</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">li</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">near inequalities and equalities to restrict these variables, or both. In this</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> note, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">we relate a general nonlinear programming problem to such a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> such </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a way as to provide a solution of either by solving the other—with certain l</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">imitations. We first start with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and generalize phase 1 of the two-phase simplex method to either solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> or establish that a solution does not exist. A conclusion is reached by trying to solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by minimizing a sum of artificial variables subject to the system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> as constraints. Using examples, we illustrate </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">how this approach can give the core of a cooperative game and an equili</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">brium for a noncooperative game, as well as solve both linear and nonlinear goal programming problems. Similarly, we start with a general nonlinear programming problem and present an algorithm to solve it as a series of systems </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by generalizing the </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sliding objective</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> function </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">method</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> two-dimensional linear programming. An example is presented to illustrate the geometrical nature of this approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174025)
文摘We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities .in isolated quantum Hamiltonian sys- tems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks equality, the evolution equations governing the characteristic functions of the probability density functions for the quantum work, and recent experimental verifications. Some resultsare given here for the first time. We particularly emphasize the formally structural consistence between these quantum equalities and their classical counterparts, which are useful for understanding the existing equalities and pursuing new fluctuation relations in other complex quantum systems.
文摘Some rank equalities are established for anti-involutory matrices. In particular, we get the formulas for the rank of the difference, the sum and the commutator of anti-involutory matrices.
文摘A numerical radius inequality due to Shebrawi and Albadawi says that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then for all r≥1. We give sharper numerical radius inequality which states that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then ?where . Moreover, we give many numerical radius inequalities which are sharper than related inequalities proved recently, and several applications are given.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12361064,No.52275504 and No.11871383)Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Systems Science in Metallurgical Process(Wuhan University of Science and Technology)(No.Y201905 and No.z202301)。
文摘In this paper,a nonmonotone smoothing Newton method is proposed for solving systems of nonlinear equalities and inequalities.By constructing a new smoothing function,the problem is approximated via a family of parameterized smooth equations.A smoothing Newton method is developed for solving the systems of nonlinear equalities and inequalities by adopting a modified nonmontone line search technique.And the global and local superlinear convergence of the algorithm are proved under mild assumptions.The preliminary numerical results are reported.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11671308 and 11431011)Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad/al Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional(Grant No.MTM2015-66157-C2-1-P)
文摘We prove weighted q-variation inequalities with 2<q<∞for sharp truncations of singular integral operators in higher dimensions.The vector-valued extensions of these inequalities are also given.Parallel results are proven for differential operators.
基金Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province (2023-JC-YB-312)。
文摘Ultrafine-grained(UFG)pure titanium was produced by equal channel angular pressing for 4 passes,followed by rotatory swaging at room temperature.The strain-controlled low-cycle fatigue tests of UFG and coarse-grained(CG)pure titanium were conducted by Instron electro-hydraulic servo fatigue testing machine in the strain amplitude range of 0.5%—1.1%at room temperature.Transmission electron microscope(TEM)and scanning electron microscope were used to investigate the microstructure and fracture surface of UFG pure titanium after fatigue tests.Results show that UFG pure titanium exhibits a longer low-cycle fatigue life,compared with the CG pure titanium.For example,at a total strain amplitude of 0.5%,UFG and CG pure titanium has fatigue life of 10850 and 4820 cycles,respectively.Significant cyclic softening occurs in UFG pure titanium,except in the case of a total strain amplitude of 0.5%.Hysteresis loop area is increased rapidly with the increase in strain amplitude.The fracture surface shows that the fatigue crack is initiated from the specimen surface.A series of fatigue striations and many microcracks exist in the propagation region.With the increase in strain amplitude,the predominant failure mode is transformed from ductile failure into quasi-cleavage failure.Dislocation slip is the main plastic deformation mechanism of UFG pure titanium during low-cycle fatigue deformation.
文摘In this paper we generalize the results of [1]and prove that,for any given 4≤k≤n,theChern classes of hypersurface V_n corresponding to the partitions of k also satisfy some equalities.Furthermore,we obtain the equalities of Chern classes concretely for k=4,5,6.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10401009)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No 060275)
文摘In this paper, we deal with a Dirichlet problem for linear elliptic equations related to Gauss measure. For this problem, we study the converse of some inequalities proved by other authors, in the sense that we study the case of equalities and show that equalities are achieved only in the ＂symmetrized＂ situations. In addition, under other assumptions, we give a different form of comparison results and discuss the corresponding case of equalities.
基金supported in part by the National Science and Technology Council of Taiwan under the contract numbers NSTC 114-2221-E-019-055-MY2 and NSTC 114-2221-E-019-069.
文摘Cloud services,favored by many enterprises due to their high flexibility and easy operation,are widely used for data storage and processing.However,the high latency,together with transmission overheads of the cloud architecture,makes it difficult to quickly respond to the demands of IoT applications and local computation.To make up for these deficiencies in the cloud,fog computing has emerged as a critical role in the IoT applications.It decentralizes the computing power to various lower nodes close to data sources,so as to achieve the goal of low latency and distributed processing.With the data being frequently exchanged and shared between multiple nodes,it becomes a challenge to authorize data securely and efficiently while protecting user privacy.To address this challenge,proxy re-encryption(PRE)schemes provide a feasible way allowing an intermediary proxy node to re-encrypt ciphertext designated for different authorized data requesters without compromising any plaintext information.Since the proxy is viewed as a semi-trusted party,it should be taken to prevent malicious behaviors and reduce the risk of data leakage when implementing PRE schemes.This paper proposes a new fog-assisted identity-based PRE scheme supporting anonymous key generation,equality test,and user revocation to fulfill various IoT application requirements.Specifically,in a traditional identity-based public key architecture,the key escrow problem and the necessity of a secure channel are major security concerns.We utilize an anonymous key generation technique to solve these problems.The equality test functionality further enables a cloud server to inspect whether two candidate trapdoors contain an identical keyword.In particular,the proposed scheme realizes fine-grained user-level authorization while maintaining strong key confidentiality.To revoke an invalid user identity,we add a revocation list to the system flows to restrict access privileges without increasing additional computation cost.To ensure security,it is shown that our system meets the security notion of IND-PrID-CCA and OW-ID-CCA under the Decisional Bilinear Diffie-Hellman(DBDH)assumption.
基金supported by ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.KY10800230005。
文摘In view of the high computational complexity of traditional linear equalization algorithms in Orthogonal Time Frequency Space(OTFS)systems,a minimum mean square error(MMSE)channel equalization algorithm based on Matrix Chunking Lower and Upper Triangular Decomposition(CLU)is proposed.The proposed algorithm derives the structural properties of the chunked MMSE equalization matrix by leveraging the block diagonal structure of the Cyclic Prefix OTFS(CP-OTFS)time-domain channel matrix and the quasi-band structure of its constituent block matrices.On this basis,triangular decomposition combined with forward and backward substitution is used to avoid matrix inversion.This approach significantly reduces the complexity of the MMSE algorithm without sacrificing its performance.
基金funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Abdulaziz University,Jeddah,under grant No.(IFPDP-261-22).
文摘Medical imaging is essential in modern health care,allowing accurate diagnosis and effective treatment planning.These images,however,often demonstrate low contrast,noise,and brightness distortion that reduce their diagnostic reliability.This review presents a structured and comprehensive analysis of advanced histogram equalization(HE)-based techniques for medical image enhancement.Our review methodology encompasses:(1)classical HE approaches and related limitations in medical domains;(2)adaptive schemes like Adaptive Histogram Equalization(AHE)and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogrma Equalization(CLAHE)and their advance variants;(3)brightnesspreserving schemes like BBHE and MMBEBHE and related algorithms;(4)dynamic and recursive histogram equalization methods incorporating DHE and RMSHE;(5)fuzzy logic-based enhancement methodologies addressing uncertainty and noise in medical images;and(6)hybrid optimization methodologies through the application of metaheuristic algorithms(World Cup Optimization,Particle Swarm Optimization,Genetic Algorithms,along with histogram-based methodologies.)There is also a comparative discussion given based on contrast improvement,image brightness preservation,noise management,and computational efficiency.Such advancements have better capabilities of improving image quality,which is more important for improved diagnosis and image analysis.
基金the DigiEcoQuarry project,funded by the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement No.101003750supported by the China Scholarship Council(Grant No.202006370006).
文摘Agile lithology identification can assist mining by providing important information in the exploration and production of mineral resources.This study proposes a new lithology recognition procedure using video-logging of boreholes with an endoscope,applied to six production blocks in a limestone quarry.Images are automatically extracted from the videos and the lithology is classified into three classes based on clay content,i.e.massive limestone,brecciated limestone,and high amount of clay.The image quality is evaluated with a gray pixel intensity threshold and three no-reference image quality metrics,i.e.perception-based image quality evaluator,natural image quality evaluator,and blind/referenceless image spatial quality evaluator.After removing low-quality images,7583 images are retained and used for developing lithology classification models using six optimized classification techniques.The contrast-limited adaptive histogram equalization(CLAHE)technique is used to improve image quality.Ten color characteristics involving three percentiles of red,green and blue pixel intensities,together with color counting and five texture characteristics-correlation,entropy,homogeneity,contrast and energy-are used as inputs.Bayesian optimized light gradient boosting machine model performs best,with an overall accuracy of 88.04%,and a precision on the classes of massive limestone,brecciated limestone and high amount of clay of 90.72%,83.52%and 85.29%,respectively,for the testing set.The feature importance scores show that the color counting is the most significant parameter for the development of the classification model.Compared with previous image-based methodologies,this study provides a more flexible and cheaper procedure to identify lithology.
文摘Women’s rights and gender equality,as essential pillars of social progress and human development,have become a shared pursuit of the international community.Chinese President Xi Jinping on 13 October 2025 delivered a keynote address at the opening ceremony of the Global Leaders’Meeting on Women in Beijing.
基金ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.HC-CN-20230105001National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62001045。
文摘The 200 Gbit/s passive optical network(PON)is most likely to be the next-generation scheme following 50G PON.The costeffective direct detection(DD)system is the economical choice.However,larger-capacity DD systems will face much more serious power fading caused by chromatic dispersion(CD)combined with square-law DD and thereby significantly increases the complexity of equalization algorithms.In this paper,a 200 Gbit/s Nyquist 4-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM4)single side-band(SSB)modulation-DD downlink scheme is designed,and a low complexity quadratic-nonlinear equalizer is proposed for this system.The computational complexity of the quadratic nonlinear equalizer is about 28%of that of the conventional Volterra nonlinear equalizer,while still exhibiting excellent nonlinear equalization ability.Simulation results for the 200 Gbit/s system with 20 km fiber transmission show that it can achieve a power budget of 29 dB,while a 30.4 dB power budget is obtained in the 50 Gbit/s experimental transmission.
