The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics...The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormous successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach： One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.展开更多
In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton-like method for solving nonlinear systems of equalities and inequalities.By using the so-called max function,we transfer the inequalities into a system of semismooth equalit...In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton-like method for solving nonlinear systems of equalities and inequalities.By using the so-called max function,we transfer the inequalities into a system of semismooth equalities.Then a smoothing Newton-like method is proposed for solving the reformulated system,which only needs to solve one system of linear equations and to perform one line search at each iteration. The global and local quadratic convergence are studied under appropriate assumptions. Numerical examples show that the new approach is effective.展开更多
In this paper, we establish a new type of alternation theory for more general restricted ranges Chebyshev approximation with equalities. The uniqueness and strong uniqueness theorems are given. Applying the results, w...In this paper, we establish a new type of alternation theory for more general restricted ranges Chebyshev approximation with equalities. The uniqueness and strong uniqueness theorems are given. Applying the results, we obtain the alternation theorem and uniqueness theorem for best coposilive approximation.展开更多
Let A∈C<sup>m×n</sup>,set eigenvalues of matrix A with |λ<sub>1</sub> （A）|≥|λ<sub>2</sub>（A）|≥…≥|λ<sub>n</sub>（A）|,write A≥0 if A is a positive semid...Let A∈C<sup>m×n</sup>,set eigenvalues of matrix A with |λ<sub>1</sub> （A）|≥|λ<sub>2</sub>（A）|≥…≥|λ<sub>n</sub>（A）|,write A≥0 if A is a positive semidefinite Hermitian matrix, and denote∧<sub>k</sub> （A）=diag （λ<sub>1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>k</sub>（A））,∧<sub>(</sub>（n-k）.（A）=diag (λ<sub>k+1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>n</sub>（A）)for any k=1, 2,...,n if A≥0. Denote all n order unitary matrices by U<sup>n×n</sup>.Problem of equalities to hold in eigenvalue inequalities for products of matrices展开更多
In quantitative decision analysis, an analyst applies mathematical models to make decisions. Frequently these models involve an optimization problem to determine the values of the decision variables, a system </spa...In quantitative decision analysis, an analyst applies mathematical models to make decisions. Frequently these models involve an optimization problem to determine the values of the decision variables, a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of possibly non</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">li</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">near inequalities and equalities to restrict these variables, or both. In this</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> note, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">we relate a general nonlinear programming problem to such a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> such </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a way as to provide a solution of either by solving the other—with certain l</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">imitations. We first start with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and generalize phase 1 of the two-phase simplex method to either solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> or establish that a solution does not exist. A conclusion is reached by trying to solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by minimizing a sum of artificial variables subject to the system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> as constraints. Using examples, we illustrate </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">how this approach can give the core of a cooperative game and an equili</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">brium for a noncooperative game, as well as solve both linear and nonlinear goal programming problems. Similarly, we start with a general nonlinear programming problem and present an algorithm to solve it as a series of systems </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by generalizing the </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sliding objective</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> function </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">method</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> two-dimensional linear programming. An example is presented to illustrate the geometrical nature of this approach.展开更多
We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities .in isolated quantum Hamiltonian sys- tems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks ...We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities .in isolated quantum Hamiltonian sys- tems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks equality, the evolution equations governing the characteristic functions of the probability density functions for the quantum work, and recent experimental verifications. Some resultsare given here for the first time. We particularly emphasize the formally structural consistence between these quantum equalities and their classical counterparts, which are useful for understanding the existing equalities and pursuing new fluctuation relations in other complex quantum systems.展开更多
Some rank equalities are established for anti-involutory matrices. In particular, we get the formulas for the rank of the difference, the sum and the commutator of anti-involutory matrices.
A numerical radius inequality due to Shebrawi and Albadawi says that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relati...A numerical radius inequality due to Shebrawi and Albadawi says that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then for all r≥1. We give sharper numerical radius inequality which states that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then ?where . Moreover, we give many numerical radius inequalities which are sharper than related inequalities proved recently, and several applications are given.展开更多
In recent years,numerous recurrent neural network(RNN)models have been reported for solving time-dependent nonlinear optimization problems.However,few existing RNN models simultaneously involve nonlinear equality cons...In recent years,numerous recurrent neural network(RNN)models have been reported for solving time-dependent nonlinear optimization problems.However,few existing RNN models simultaneously involve nonlinear equality constraints,direct discretization,and noise suppression.This limitation presents challenges when existing models are applied to practical engineering problems.Additionally,most current discrete-time RNN models are derived from continuous-time models,which may not perform well for solving essentially discrete problems.To handle these issues,a robust direct-discretized RNN(RDD-RNN)model is proposed to efficiently realize time-dependent optimization constrained by nonlinear equalities(TDOCNE)in the presence of various time-dependent noises.Theoretical analyses are provided to reveal that the proposed RDD-RNN model possesses excellent convergence and noise-suppressing capability.Furthermore,numerical experiments and manipulator control instances are conducted and analyzed to validate the superior robustness of the proposed RDD-RNN model under various time-dependent noises,particularly quadratic polynomial noise.Eventually,small target detection experiments further demonstrate the practicality of the RDD-RNN model in image processing applications.展开更多
We prove weighted q-variation inequalities with 2<q<∞for sharp truncations of singular integral operators in higher dimensions.The vector-valued extensions of these inequalities are also given.Parallel results ...We prove weighted q-variation inequalities with 2<q<∞for sharp truncations of singular integral operators in higher dimensions.The vector-valued extensions of these inequalities are also given.Parallel results are proven for differential operators.展开更多
In this paper we generalize the results of [1]and prove that,for any given 4≤k≤n,theChern classes of hypersurface V_n corresponding to the partitions of k also satisfy some equalities.Furthermore,we obtain the equal...In this paper we generalize the results of [1]and prove that,for any given 4≤k≤n,theChern classes of hypersurface V_n corresponding to the partitions of k also satisfy some equalities.Furthermore,we obtain the equalities of Chern classes concretely for k=4,5,6.展开更多
In this paper, we deal with a Dirichlet problem for linear elliptic equations related to Gauss measure. For this problem, we study the converse of some inequalities proved by other authors, in the sense that we study ...In this paper, we deal with a Dirichlet problem for linear elliptic equations related to Gauss measure. For this problem, we study the converse of some inequalities proved by other authors, in the sense that we study the case of equalities and show that equalities are achieved only in the ＂symmetrized＂ situations. In addition, under other assumptions, we give a different form of comparison results and discuss the corresponding case of equalities.展开更多
This paper studies relationships between the best linear unbiased estimators （BLUEs） of an estimable parametric functions Kβunder the Gauss-Markov model {y, Xβ, σ^2]E} and its misspecified model {y, X0β,σ^2∑0}...This paper studies relationships between the best linear unbiased estimators （BLUEs） of an estimable parametric functions Kβunder the Gauss-Markov model {y, Xβ, σ^2]E} and its misspecified model {y, X0β,σ^2∑0}. In addition, relationships between BLUEs under a restricted Gauss Markov model and its misspecified model are also investigated.展开更多
For any element a in a generalized 2^n-dimensional Clifford algebra Lln （F） over an arbitrary field F of characteristic not equal to two, it is shown that there exits a universal invertible matrix Pn over Lln（F） s...For any element a in a generalized 2^n-dimensional Clifford algebra Lln （F） over an arbitrary field F of characteristic not equal to two, it is shown that there exits a universal invertible matrix Pn over Lln（F） such that Pn^-1DnPn= φ（α）∈F^2n×2n, where φ（a） is a matrix representation of α over and Dα is a diagonal matrix consisting of a or its conjugate.展开更多
In this paper,we consider the first order Hardy inequalities using simple equalities.This basic setting not only permits to derive quickly many well-known Hardy inequalities with optimal constants,but also supplies im...In this paper,we consider the first order Hardy inequalities using simple equalities.This basic setting not only permits to derive quickly many well-known Hardy inequalities with optimal constants,but also supplies improved or new estimates in miscellaneous situations,such as multipolar potential,the exponential weight,hyperbolic space,Heisenberg group,the edge Laplacian,or the Grushin type operator.展开更多
Precipitation via thermal treatments is among the most effective approaches to strengthening and is widely applied in the Al industry. Thermal treatments combined with deformation are capable of finely regulating the ...Precipitation via thermal treatments is among the most effective approaches to strengthening and is widely applied in the Al industry. Thermal treatments combined with deformation are capable of finely regulating the process of precipitation and distribution of precipitates. Deformation-induced defects exert significant impacts on the precipitation and already present precipitates, which however is often overlooked. In this study, the interactions between deformation and precipitation/precipitates, and their impacts on mechanical properties were systematically investigated in the solution-treated (ST) Al-0.61Mg-1.17Si-0.5Cu (wt.%), processed by multi-pass equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and thermal treatments. Novel deformation-mediated cyclic evolution of precipitates is discovered: ST→ (1,2 passes: deformation induced precipitation) Guinier Preston (GP) zones→ (An250/30) Q’ and L phases→ (3-pass: deformation induced fragmentation/resolution) spherical precipitates→ (4-pass: deformation induced further fragmentation/resolution) GP zones. On this basis, we extend the quasi-binary phase diagram of Al-Mg_(2)Si along deformation as the third dimension and construct an innovative defect phase diagram for the Al-Mg-Si-based system. To testify to the effect of deformation-mediated cyclic evolution of precipitation/precipitates on the optimum mechanical properties, peak-aging treatments were performed in samples of ST and 3-pass states. Based on the microscopic characterizations, a distinctive mechanism of peak-aging strengthening is proposed. Notably in the 3-pass ECAPed and peak-aged sample the dominant strengthening phases become the L precipitates that thrived from the segmented and spherical L phases, rather than β’’ precipitates in the solely peak-aged ST sample. Our work provides a feasible example for exploring the combined processing technique of multi-step deformation and thermal treatments, to optimize the mechanical properties.展开更多
In DSP-based SerDes application,it is essential for AFE to implement a pre-ADC equalization to provide a better sig-nal for ADC and DSP.To meet the various equalization requirements of different channel and transmitte...In DSP-based SerDes application,it is essential for AFE to implement a pre-ADC equalization to provide a better sig-nal for ADC and DSP.To meet the various equalization requirements of different channel and transmitter configurations,this paper presents a 112 Gbps DSP-Based PAM4 SerDes receiver with a wide band equalization tuning AFE.The AFE is realized by implementing source degeneration transconductance,feedforward high-pass branch and inductive feedback peaking TIA.The AFE offers a flexible equalization gain tuning of up to 17.5 dB at Nyquist frequency without affecting the DC gain.With the pro-posed AFE,the receiver demonstrates eye opening after digital FIR equalization and achieves 6×10^(-9) BER with a 29.6 dB inser-tion loss channel.展开更多
To investigate the effect of microstructure evolution on corrosion behavior and strengthening mechanism of Mg-1Zn-1Ca(wt.%)alloys,as-cast Mg-1Zn-1Ca alloys were performed by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)with 1 ...To investigate the effect of microstructure evolution on corrosion behavior and strengthening mechanism of Mg-1Zn-1Ca(wt.%)alloys,as-cast Mg-1Zn-1Ca alloys were performed by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)with 1 and 4 passes.The corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of alloys were investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),electrochemical tests,immersion tests and tensile tests.The results showed that mechanical properties improved after ECAP 1 pass;however,the corrosion resistance deteriorated due to high-density dislocations and fragmented secondary phases by ECAP.In contrast,synchronous improvement in the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance was achieved though grain refinement after ECAP 4 passes;fine grains led to a significant improvement in the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,elongation,and corrosion rate of 103 MPa,223 MPa,30.5%,and 1.5843 mm/a,respectively.The enhanced corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of dense corrosion product films by finer grains and the barrier effect by high-density grain boundaries.These results indicated that Mg-1Zn-1Ca alloy has a promising potential for application in biomedical materials.展开更多
China’s healthcare system faces increasing challenges,including surging medical costs,resource allocation imbalances favoring large hospitals,and ineffective referral mechanisms.The lack of a unified strategy integra...China’s healthcare system faces increasing challenges,including surging medical costs,resource allocation imbalances favoring large hospitals,and ineffective referral mechanisms.The lack of a unified strategy integrating standardized coverage with personalized payment compounds these issues.To this end,this study proposes a risk-sharing reform strategy that combines equal coverage for the same disease(ECSD)with an individualized out-of-pocket(I-OOP)model.Specifically,the study employs a Markov model to capture patient transitions across health states and care levels.The findings show that ECSD and I-OOP enhance equity by standardizing disease coverage while tailoring costs to patient income and facility type.This approach alleviates demand on high-tier hospitals,promoting primary care utilization and enabling balanced resource distribution.The study’s findings provide a reference for policymakers and healthcare administrators by presenting a scalable framework that is aligned with China’s development goals with the aim of fostering an efficient,sustainable healthcare system that is adaptable to regional needs.展开更多
On the evening of May 3Oth,the parallel forum"Equality and Inclusiveness&Harmonious Coexistence:Multi-dimensional Narratives of Civilisations from Writers'Perspective",as part of the 4th Dialogue on ...On the evening of May 3Oth,the parallel forum"Equality and Inclusiveness&Harmonious Coexistence:Multi-dimensional Narratives of Civilisations from Writers'Perspective",as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was organised by the China Writers Association and co-organised by China National Publications Import&Export(Group)Corporation.展开更多
基金The project supported in part by USA NIH Grant under HG002894
文摘The evolutionary dynamics first conceived by Darwin and Wallace, referring to as Darwinian dynamics in the present paper, has been found to be universally valid in biology. The statistical mechanics and thermodynamics, while enormous successful in physics, have been in an awkward situation of wanting a consistent dynamical understanding. Here we present from a formal point of view an exploration of the connection between thermodynamics and Darwinian dynamics and a few related topics. We first show that the stochasticity in Darwinian dynamics implies the existence temperature, hence the canonical distribution of Boltzmann-Gibbs type. In term of relative entropy the Second Law of thermodynamics is dynamically demonstrated without detailed balance condition, and is valid regardless of size of the system. In particular, the dynamical component responsible for breaking detailed balance condition does not contribute to the change of the relative entropy. Two types of stochastic dynamical equalities of current interest are explicitly discussed in the present approach： One is based on Feynman-Kac formula and another is a generalization of Einstein relation. Both are directly accessible to experimental tests. Our demonstration indicates that Darwinian dynamics represents logically a simple and straightforward starting point for statistical mechanics and thermodynamics and is complementary to and consistent with conservative dynamics that dominates the physical sciences. Present exploration suggests the existence of a unified stochastic dynamical framework both near and far from equilibrium.
基金supported by Guangdong Provincial Zhujiang Scholar Award Project,National Science Foundation of China(10671163,10871031)the National Basic Research Program under the Grant 2005CB321703Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(06A069,06C824)
文摘In this paper,we present a smoothing Newton-like method for solving nonlinear systems of equalities and inequalities.By using the so-called max function,we transfer the inequalities into a system of semismooth equalities.Then a smoothing Newton-like method is proposed for solving the reformulated system,which only needs to solve one system of linear equations and to perform one line search at each iteration. The global and local quadratic convergence are studied under appropriate assumptions. Numerical examples show that the new approach is effective.
文摘In this paper, we establish a new type of alternation theory for more general restricted ranges Chebyshev approximation with equalities. The uniqueness and strong uniqueness theorems are given. Applying the results, we obtain the alternation theorem and uniqueness theorem for best coposilive approximation.
基金Supported partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Let A∈C<sup>m×n</sup>,set eigenvalues of matrix A with |λ<sub>1</sub> （A）|≥|λ<sub>2</sub>（A）|≥…≥|λ<sub>n</sub>（A）|,write A≥0 if A is a positive semidefinite Hermitian matrix, and denote∧<sub>k</sub> （A）=diag （λ<sub>1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>k</sub>（A））,∧<sub>(</sub>（n-k）.（A）=diag (λ<sub>k+1</sub>（A）,…,λ<sub>n</sub>（A）)for any k=1, 2,...,n if A≥0. Denote all n order unitary matrices by U<sup>n×n</sup>.Problem of equalities to hold in eigenvalue inequalities for products of matrices
文摘In quantitative decision analysis, an analyst applies mathematical models to make decisions. Frequently these models involve an optimization problem to determine the values of the decision variables, a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of possibly non</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">- </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">li</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">near inequalities and equalities to restrict these variables, or both. In this</span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> note, </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">we relate a general nonlinear programming problem to such a system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> in</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> such </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">a way as to provide a solution of either by solving the other—with certain l</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">imitations. We first start with </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and generalize phase 1 of the two-phase simplex method to either solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> or establish that a solution does not exist. A conclusion is reached by trying to solve </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by minimizing a sum of artificial variables subject to the system </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> as constraints. Using examples, we illustrate </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">how this approach can give the core of a cooperative game and an equili</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">brium for a noncooperative game, as well as solve both linear and nonlinear goal programming problems. Similarly, we start with a general nonlinear programming problem and present an algorithm to solve it as a series of systems </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">S</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> by generalizing the </span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">“</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">sliding objective</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> function </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">method</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">”</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> two-dimensional linear programming. An example is presented to illustrate the geometrical nature of this approach.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11174025)
文摘We briefly introduce the quantum Jarzynski and Bochkov-Kuzovlev equalities .in isolated quantum Hamiltonian sys- tems, including their origin, their derivations using a quantum Feynman-Kac formula, the quantum Crooks equality, the evolution equations governing the characteristic functions of the probability density functions for the quantum work, and recent experimental verifications. Some resultsare given here for the first time. We particularly emphasize the formally structural consistence between these quantum equalities and their classical counterparts, which are useful for understanding the existing equalities and pursuing new fluctuation relations in other complex quantum systems.
文摘Some rank equalities are established for anti-involutory matrices. In particular, we get the formulas for the rank of the difference, the sum and the commutator of anti-involutory matrices.
文摘A numerical radius inequality due to Shebrawi and Albadawi says that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then for all r≥1. We give sharper numerical radius inequality which states that: If Ai, Bi, Xi are bounded operators in Hilbert space, i = 1,2,..., n , and f,g be nonnegative continuous functions on [0, ∞) satisfying the relation f(t)g(t) = t (t∈[0, ∞)), then ?where . Moreover, we give many numerical radius inequalities which are sharper than related inequalities proved recently, and several applications are given.
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFC3011100)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62476294)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China(2021B1212040017)the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2025A1515010377,2023A1515110697).
文摘In recent years,numerous recurrent neural network(RNN)models have been reported for solving time-dependent nonlinear optimization problems.However,few existing RNN models simultaneously involve nonlinear equality constraints,direct discretization,and noise suppression.This limitation presents challenges when existing models are applied to practical engineering problems.Additionally,most current discrete-time RNN models are derived from continuous-time models,which may not perform well for solving essentially discrete problems.To handle these issues,a robust direct-discretized RNN(RDD-RNN)model is proposed to efficiently realize time-dependent optimization constrained by nonlinear equalities(TDOCNE)in the presence of various time-dependent noises.Theoretical analyses are provided to reveal that the proposed RDD-RNN model possesses excellent convergence and noise-suppressing capability.Furthermore,numerical experiments and manipulator control instances are conducted and analyzed to validate the superior robustness of the proposed RDD-RNN model under various time-dependent noises,particularly quadratic polynomial noise.Eventually,small target detection experiments further demonstrate the practicality of the RDD-RNN model in image processing applications.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11671308 and 11431011)Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad/al Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional(Grant No.MTM2015-66157-C2-1-P)
文摘We prove weighted q-variation inequalities with 2<q<∞for sharp truncations of singular integral operators in higher dimensions.The vector-valued extensions of these inequalities are also given.Parallel results are proven for differential operators.
文摘In this paper we generalize the results of [1]and prove that,for any given 4≤k≤n,theChern classes of hypersurface V_n corresponding to the partitions of k also satisfy some equalities.Furthermore,we obtain the equalities of Chern classes concretely for k=4,5,6.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 10401009)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (Grant No 060275)
文摘In this paper, we deal with a Dirichlet problem for linear elliptic equations related to Gauss measure. For this problem, we study the converse of some inequalities proved by other authors, in the sense that we study the case of equalities and show that equalities are achieved only in the ＂symmetrized＂ situations. In addition, under other assumptions, we give a different form of comparison results and discuss the corresponding case of equalities.
基金Supported in part by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.70871073)
文摘This paper studies relationships between the best linear unbiased estimators （BLUEs） of an estimable parametric functions Kβunder the Gauss-Markov model {y, Xβ, σ^2]E} and its misspecified model {y, X0β,σ^2∑0}. In addition, relationships between BLUEs under a restricted Gauss Markov model and its misspecified model are also investigated.
文摘For any element a in a generalized 2^n-dimensional Clifford algebra Lln （F） over an arbitrary field F of characteristic not equal to two, it is shown that there exits a universal invertible matrix Pn over Lln（F） such that Pn^-1DnPn= φ（α）∈F^2n×2n, where φ（a） is a matrix representation of α over and Dα is a diagonal matrix consisting of a or its conjugate.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(STCSM)(Grant No.18dz2271000)X.Huang is partially supported by the NSFC(Grant No.11971169).
文摘In this paper,we consider the first order Hardy inequalities using simple equalities.This basic setting not only permits to derive quickly many well-known Hardy inequalities with optimal constants,but also supplies improved or new estimates in miscellaneous situations,such as multipolar potential,the exponential weight,hyperbolic space,Heisenberg group,the edge Laplacian,or the Grushin type operator.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20187,52171007,52371111,and 52371177).
文摘Precipitation via thermal treatments is among the most effective approaches to strengthening and is widely applied in the Al industry. Thermal treatments combined with deformation are capable of finely regulating the process of precipitation and distribution of precipitates. Deformation-induced defects exert significant impacts on the precipitation and already present precipitates, which however is often overlooked. In this study, the interactions between deformation and precipitation/precipitates, and their impacts on mechanical properties were systematically investigated in the solution-treated (ST) Al-0.61Mg-1.17Si-0.5Cu (wt.%), processed by multi-pass equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) and thermal treatments. Novel deformation-mediated cyclic evolution of precipitates is discovered: ST→ (1,2 passes: deformation induced precipitation) Guinier Preston (GP) zones→ (An250/30) Q’ and L phases→ (3-pass: deformation induced fragmentation/resolution) spherical precipitates→ (4-pass: deformation induced further fragmentation/resolution) GP zones. On this basis, we extend the quasi-binary phase diagram of Al-Mg_(2)Si along deformation as the third dimension and construct an innovative defect phase diagram for the Al-Mg-Si-based system. To testify to the effect of deformation-mediated cyclic evolution of precipitation/precipitates on the optimum mechanical properties, peak-aging treatments were performed in samples of ST and 3-pass states. Based on the microscopic characterizations, a distinctive mechanism of peak-aging strengthening is proposed. Notably in the 3-pass ECAPed and peak-aged sample the dominant strengthening phases become the L precipitates that thrived from the segmented and spherical L phases, rather than β’’ precipitates in the solely peak-aged ST sample. Our work provides a feasible example for exploring the combined processing technique of multi-step deformation and thermal treatments, to optimize the mechanical properties.
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China No.2022YFB2803401.
文摘In DSP-based SerDes application,it is essential for AFE to implement a pre-ADC equalization to provide a better sig-nal for ADC and DSP.To meet the various equalization requirements of different channel and transmitter configurations,this paper presents a 112 Gbps DSP-Based PAM4 SerDes receiver with a wide band equalization tuning AFE.The AFE is realized by implementing source degeneration transconductance,feedforward high-pass branch and inductive feedback peaking TIA.The AFE offers a flexible equalization gain tuning of up to 17.5 dB at Nyquist frequency without affecting the DC gain.With the pro-posed AFE,the receiver demonstrates eye opening after digital FIR equalization and achieves 6×10^(-9) BER with a 29.6 dB inser-tion loss channel.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52374395)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province,China(Nos.20210302123135,202303021221143)+5 种基金the Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation Guidance Special Project of Shanxi Province,China(Nos.202104021301022,202204021301009)the Central Government Guided Local Science and Technology Development Projects,China(No.YDZJSX20231B003)the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for financial support under the Megagrant(No.075-15-2022-1133)the National Research Foundation(NRF)grant funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea through the Research Institute of Advanced Materials(No.2015R1A2A1A01006795)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M710541)the Research Project supported by Shanxi Scholarship Council of China(No.2022-038)。
文摘To investigate the effect of microstructure evolution on corrosion behavior and strengthening mechanism of Mg-1Zn-1Ca(wt.%)alloys,as-cast Mg-1Zn-1Ca alloys were performed by equal channel angular pressing(ECAP)with 1 and 4 passes.The corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of alloys were investigated by optical microscopy(OM),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron backscatter diffraction(EBSD),electrochemical tests,immersion tests and tensile tests.The results showed that mechanical properties improved after ECAP 1 pass;however,the corrosion resistance deteriorated due to high-density dislocations and fragmented secondary phases by ECAP.In contrast,synchronous improvement in the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance was achieved though grain refinement after ECAP 4 passes;fine grains led to a significant improvement in the yield strength,ultimate tensile strength,elongation,and corrosion rate of 103 MPa,223 MPa,30.5%,and 1.5843 mm/a,respectively.The enhanced corrosion resistance was attributed to the formation of dense corrosion product films by finer grains and the barrier effect by high-density grain boundaries.These results indicated that Mg-1Zn-1Ca alloy has a promising potential for application in biomedical materials.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.72071042)。
文摘China’s healthcare system faces increasing challenges,including surging medical costs,resource allocation imbalances favoring large hospitals,and ineffective referral mechanisms.The lack of a unified strategy integrating standardized coverage with personalized payment compounds these issues.To this end,this study proposes a risk-sharing reform strategy that combines equal coverage for the same disease(ECSD)with an individualized out-of-pocket(I-OOP)model.Specifically,the study employs a Markov model to capture patient transitions across health states and care levels.The findings show that ECSD and I-OOP enhance equity by standardizing disease coverage while tailoring costs to patient income and facility type.This approach alleviates demand on high-tier hospitals,promoting primary care utilization and enabling balanced resource distribution.The study’s findings provide a reference for policymakers and healthcare administrators by presenting a scalable framework that is aligned with China’s development goals with the aim of fostering an efficient,sustainable healthcare system that is adaptable to regional needs.
文摘On the evening of May 3Oth,the parallel forum"Equality and Inclusiveness&Harmonious Coexistence:Multi-dimensional Narratives of Civilisations from Writers'Perspective",as part of the 4th Dialogue on Exchanges and Mutual Learning among Civilisations,was held in Dunhuang.The forum was organised by the China Writers Association and co-organised by China National Publications Import&Export(Group)Corporation.
