Postnatal mental distress is a public health problem and women screening positive of psychological distress who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorder may be experiencing significant distress for...Postnatal mental distress is a public health problem and women screening positive of psychological distress who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorder may be experiencing significant distress for which they might require assistance from mental health personnel. The risk of a woman experiencing psychological distress during the postnatal period can be predicted before it occurs. The study included 300 pregnant women who were selected systematically and on whom two assessments were conducted at two different points. The first assessment was conducted at 32-week gestation while the second one at six weeks following childbirth. The participants were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the association between the EPDS and the GHQ-12 while logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to predict postnatal psychological distress. The results showed no significant difference between the socio-demographic characteristics and the EPDS score. A significant association was found between the GHQ-12 and EPDS scores (r = 0.545;p = 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that a single predictor, antenatal EPDS individual score, alone provided a highly adequate model and was statistically reliable in distinguishing between presence and absence of psychological distress in the postnatal period (−2 log likelihood = 225.634;CI (1.035 - 1.173);X2 (1) 9.633, p = 0.002). The study revealed a correlation between EPDS score and GHQ-12 and that the EPDS can predict postnatal psychological distress using the data from the antenatal period. Therefore, patients who are found with antenatal psychological distress should be consistently evaluated throughout pregnancy and during the postnatal period to allow for early detection and intervention of postnatal psychological distress.展开更多
钢材碳排放因子是建筑碳排放核算的重要基础,目前相关标准和文献给出的钢材碳排放因子取值变异性较大,且未考虑钢铁工业发展的时效性。调研了国内10家典型高炉-转炉钢铁企业生产清单数据,以及中国钢铁工业协会统计年报数据,构建了近5年...钢材碳排放因子是建筑碳排放核算的重要基础,目前相关标准和文献给出的钢材碳排放因子取值变异性较大,且未考虑钢铁工业发展的时效性。调研了国内10家典型高炉-转炉钢铁企业生产清单数据,以及中国钢铁工业协会统计年报数据,构建了近5年结构钢材产品的物料、能源清单数据库。基于投入产出法,核算了10家典型钢铁企业的钢材产品及中国钢铁工业协会统计年报的碳排放因子,结合钢铁行业EPD平台发布的相关数据,形成了钢筋、型钢、钢板和通用钢材的碳排放因子数据样本及统计参数。在此基础上,针对钢结构常用的钢铁产品如钢筋、型钢和钢板提出了碳排放因子取值建议,主要结论如下:1)钢筋、型钢和钢板的碳排放因子建议值分别取2150、2260、2240 kg CO_(2)e/t。2)所核算的钢筋、型钢和钢板碳排放因子较GB/T 51366—2019《建筑碳排放计算标准》相应取值分别低190、105、160 kg CO_(2)e/t,表明近5年来钢筋、型钢和钢板的生产取得了一定减碳效果。3)与2004年文献发布的碳排放因子相比,所核算的钢筋、型钢和钢板碳排放因子降幅均超过1300 kg CO_(2)e/t,表明我国近20年来结构钢材绿色低碳化发展取得了显著成效。展开更多
文摘Postnatal mental distress is a public health problem and women screening positive of psychological distress who do not meet the diagnostic criteria for psychiatric disorder may be experiencing significant distress for which they might require assistance from mental health personnel. The risk of a woman experiencing psychological distress during the postnatal period can be predicted before it occurs. The study included 300 pregnant women who were selected systematically and on whom two assessments were conducted at two different points. The first assessment was conducted at 32-week gestation while the second one at six weeks following childbirth. The participants were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test the association between the EPDS and the GHQ-12 while logistic regression analysis was carried out in order to predict postnatal psychological distress. The results showed no significant difference between the socio-demographic characteristics and the EPDS score. A significant association was found between the GHQ-12 and EPDS scores (r = 0.545;p = 0.001). Logistic regression revealed that a single predictor, antenatal EPDS individual score, alone provided a highly adequate model and was statistically reliable in distinguishing between presence and absence of psychological distress in the postnatal period (−2 log likelihood = 225.634;CI (1.035 - 1.173);X2 (1) 9.633, p = 0.002). The study revealed a correlation between EPDS score and GHQ-12 and that the EPDS can predict postnatal psychological distress using the data from the antenatal period. Therefore, patients who are found with antenatal psychological distress should be consistently evaluated throughout pregnancy and during the postnatal period to allow for early detection and intervention of postnatal psychological distress.
文摘钢材碳排放因子是建筑碳排放核算的重要基础,目前相关标准和文献给出的钢材碳排放因子取值变异性较大,且未考虑钢铁工业发展的时效性。调研了国内10家典型高炉-转炉钢铁企业生产清单数据,以及中国钢铁工业协会统计年报数据,构建了近5年结构钢材产品的物料、能源清单数据库。基于投入产出法,核算了10家典型钢铁企业的钢材产品及中国钢铁工业协会统计年报的碳排放因子,结合钢铁行业EPD平台发布的相关数据,形成了钢筋、型钢、钢板和通用钢材的碳排放因子数据样本及统计参数。在此基础上,针对钢结构常用的钢铁产品如钢筋、型钢和钢板提出了碳排放因子取值建议,主要结论如下:1)钢筋、型钢和钢板的碳排放因子建议值分别取2150、2260、2240 kg CO_(2)e/t。2)所核算的钢筋、型钢和钢板碳排放因子较GB/T 51366—2019《建筑碳排放计算标准》相应取值分别低190、105、160 kg CO_(2)e/t,表明近5年来钢筋、型钢和钢板的生产取得了一定减碳效果。3)与2004年文献发布的碳排放因子相比,所核算的钢筋、型钢和钢板碳排放因子降幅均超过1300 kg CO_(2)e/t,表明我国近20年来结构钢材绿色低碳化发展取得了显著成效。
