Plastic waste puts a huge burden on the ecosystem due to the current lack of mature recycling technology.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)is one of the most produced plastics in the world.Enzymatic decomposition holds...Plastic waste puts a huge burden on the ecosystem due to the current lack of mature recycling technology.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)is one of the most produced plastics in the world.Enzymatic decomposition holds the promise of recovering monomers from PET plastic,and the monomers can be used to regenerate new PET products.However,there are still limitations in the activity and thermal stability of the existing PET hydrolases.The recent study by Lu et al.introduced a novel PET hydrolase via machine learning-aided engineering.The obtained PET hydrolase showed excellent activity and thermal stability in the hydrolysis of PET and is capable of directly degrading large amounts of postconsumer PET products.This approach provides an effective method for recycling PET waste and is expected to improve the current state of plastic pollution worldwide.展开更多
Biodegradation offers a promising solution to marine plastic pollution.Temperature plays a significant role in biofilm development and microbial dynamics.However,comprehensive studies on the effects of temperature on ...Biodegradation offers a promising solution to marine plastic pollution.Temperature plays a significant role in biofilm development and microbial dynamics.However,comprehensive studies on the effects of temperature on marine plastic biodegradation remain limited,as most research focuses on individual and moderate tempera-tures,overlooking how temperature variations across polar to tropical marine environments interact with other ecological factors to influence plastic biodegradation.This review summarizes current research on temperature-induced biofilm formation,microbial succession,and enzymatic depolymerization of plastics.The findings reveal that higher temperatures generally enhance biofilm growth.Notably,cold-tolerant bacteria stimulate the pro-duction of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)to stabilize biofilms and adapt to cold conditions.Microbial succession,particularly within the Proteobacteria phylum,is primarily regulated by temperature,driving shifts in microbial diversity and activity.For different types of plastics,the hydrolyzable ones are degraded via en-zymes such as cutinases,lipases,and depolymerases,mostly at mild temperatures.In contrast,non-hydrolyzable plastics are relatively recalcitrant to enzymatic breakdown but can be biodeteriorated by enzyme-generated reactive oxygen species(ROS),with minimal temperature influence due to their slow biodegradation.This re-view emphasizes the critical role of temperature in biodegradation processes and prospects for promising stra-tegies for improving marine plastic management under the changing climate.展开更多
基金support from the Beijing Municipal Natural Science Foundation(2222012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52070116)+1 种基金the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2020B1111380001)the Tsinghua University-Shanxi Clean Energy Research Institute Innovation Project Seed Fund is gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Plastic waste puts a huge burden on the ecosystem due to the current lack of mature recycling technology.Poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET)is one of the most produced plastics in the world.Enzymatic decomposition holds the promise of recovering monomers from PET plastic,and the monomers can be used to regenerate new PET products.However,there are still limitations in the activity and thermal stability of the existing PET hydrolases.The recent study by Lu et al.introduced a novel PET hydrolase via machine learning-aided engineering.The obtained PET hydrolase showed excellent activity and thermal stability in the hydrolysis of PET and is capable of directly degrading large amounts of postconsumer PET products.This approach provides an effective method for recycling PET waste and is expected to improve the current state of plastic pollution worldwide.
基金supported by the Banting Postdoctoral Fellowship(BPF-186562)Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC),Canada Foundation for Innovation(CFI),and Canada Research Chair(CRC)program.
文摘Biodegradation offers a promising solution to marine plastic pollution.Temperature plays a significant role in biofilm development and microbial dynamics.However,comprehensive studies on the effects of temperature on marine plastic biodegradation remain limited,as most research focuses on individual and moderate tempera-tures,overlooking how temperature variations across polar to tropical marine environments interact with other ecological factors to influence plastic biodegradation.This review summarizes current research on temperature-induced biofilm formation,microbial succession,and enzymatic depolymerization of plastics.The findings reveal that higher temperatures generally enhance biofilm growth.Notably,cold-tolerant bacteria stimulate the pro-duction of extracellular polymeric substances(EPS)to stabilize biofilms and adapt to cold conditions.Microbial succession,particularly within the Proteobacteria phylum,is primarily regulated by temperature,driving shifts in microbial diversity and activity.For different types of plastics,the hydrolyzable ones are degraded via en-zymes such as cutinases,lipases,and depolymerases,mostly at mild temperatures.In contrast,non-hydrolyzable plastics are relatively recalcitrant to enzymatic breakdown but can be biodeteriorated by enzyme-generated reactive oxygen species(ROS),with minimal temperature influence due to their slow biodegradation.This re-view emphasizes the critical role of temperature in biodegradation processes and prospects for promising stra-tegies for improving marine plastic management under the changing climate.
