"CottonShop" derived from Paris France and is one of the most development potential brand all over the world. "CottonShop" with different kinds of apparel series
China launched the NigComSat-1R communications satellite with a Long March 3B/E from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC) at 00:41 on December 20.Twenty six minutes after the lift-off,the satellite separated wit...China launched the NigComSat-1R communications satellite with a Long March 3B/E from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC) at 00:41 on December 20.Twenty six minutes after the lift-off,the satellite separated with the rocket and entered precisely into a geostationary transfer orbit with a perigee of 203km,an apogee of 42007km and an inelination of 24.8 degrees.展开更多
The 19;National Congress of the Communist Party of China was an epoch-making Party Congress.The Congress solemnly declared that"socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era".With the major ch...The 19;National Congress of the Communist Party of China was an epoch-making Party Congress.The Congress solemnly declared that"socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era".With the major change in China’s historical position,the cause of human rights in China has also entered a new era of socialism with展开更多
Successfully launched by China Great Wall Industry Corporation,APstar 1A proved to be operatingnormally following testing.This telecommunications satelite was sent into orbit on July 3,1996 usingLong March 3 launch ve...Successfully launched by China Great Wall Industry Corporation,APstar 1A proved to be operatingnormally following testing.This telecommunications satelite was sent into orbit on July 3,1996 usingLong March 3 launch vehicle from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in Southwest China’s SichuanProvince.The satellite smoothly entered into orbit with a perigee of 222 kilometres and apogee of 41,838kilometres,24 minutes after launch. APstar 1A,which was manufactured by Hughes Space and Communications of the United States ofAmerica,was operatd by Hong Kong-based Asia Satellite Telecommunications(AsiaSat).It weighs 1.4tons and should have a 10 year lifespan.APstar 1A is needed to complement APstar 1,launched by Chinain July 1994.APstar President Xie Gaojue said that APstar 1A’s services will add to the space resources forAsian and Pacific regions. The satellite was originally slated to be launched in early March,but the launch was delayed due展开更多
Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’...Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we summarize the changes in short-chain fatty acid levels and the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in various samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the critical role of gut homeostasis imbalance in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.Focusing on the nervous system,we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids influence the homeostasis of both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.We identify key processes,including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors and the inhibition of histone deacetylases by short-chain fatty acids.Importantly,structural or functional disruptions in the enteric nervous system mediated by these fatty acids may lead to abnormalα-synuclein expression and gastrointestinal dysmotility,which could serve as an initiating event in Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,we propose that short-chain fatty acids help establish communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the vagal nerve,immune circulation,and endocrine signaling.This communication may shed light on their potential role in the transmission ofα-synuclein from the gut to the brain.Finally,we elucidate novel treatment strategies for Parkinson’s disease that target short-chain fatty acids and examine the challenges associated with translating short-chain fatty acid-based therapies into clinical practice.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating gut-brain axis integrity and their significance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of the nervous system.Moreover,it highlights the potential value of short-chain fatty acids in early intervention for Parkinson’s disease.Future research into the molecular mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids and their synergistic interactions with other gut metabolites is likely to advance the clinical translation of innovative short-chain fatty acid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease.展开更多
This article reviews research advances in the application of early enteral nutrition(EEN)in elderly patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Elderly SAP patients are associated with higher mor tality rates due to ...This article reviews research advances in the application of early enteral nutrition(EEN)in elderly patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Elderly SAP patients are associated with higher mor tality rates due to age-related immune dysfunction,whereas EEN has been demonstrated to improve clinical prognosis,reduce infection and complication rates,and shor ten hospital stays.However,ongoing debates exist regarding the optimal timing,route selection,and complication management of EEN.Through a systematic review of the literature,this study synthesizes current evidence on EEN in elderly SAP populations,critically examines unresolved clinical controversies,and proposes future research priorities to inform evidence-based practice.展开更多
Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detecti...Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus.The fluorescent microsphere-based lateral flow test strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 10^(1.7)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL,which is fourfold higher than that of the colloidal gold-based assay.Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)is a recently identified enteric coronavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in piglets,leading to diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration,and mortality(Hu et al.2015).展开更多
Lysosomal storage disorders and their impact upon the central nervous system:Lysosomal storage disorders(LSDs)are a group of over 70 rare inherited metabolic disorders(Platt et al.,2018).They are caused by dysfunction...Lysosomal storage disorders and their impact upon the central nervous system:Lysosomal storage disorders(LSDs)are a group of over 70 rare inherited metabolic disorders(Platt et al.,2018).They are caused by dysfunction of lysosomes,organelles that contain enzymes responsible for digesting macromolecules.In functional lysosomes,these enzymes break down complex substrates,and the resulting fragments are recycled.Individual LSDs are caused by mutations in genes that encode lysosomal enzymes or other proteins crucial for lysosome function(Platt et al.,2018).展开更多
On Oct.,25,3018,Hebei Songhe Renewable Resources Limited Liability Company and Chilwee Group signed an agreement,wherein,a project of annual disposal of 600000 tons of waste storage battery and comprehensive utilizati...On Oct.,25,3018,Hebei Songhe Renewable Resources Limited Liability Company and Chilwee Group signed an agreement,wherein,a project of annual disposal of 600000 tons of waste storage battery and comprehensive utilization of lead-bearing wastes will be initiated in Xinhe County,Hebei.展开更多
Recently,China Copper and Huawei Technology Co.,Ltd.(referred to as Huawei Company)entered into strategic cooperation agreement in the conference room on 3rd floor of R&D Building of Bantian Base of Huawei,Shenzhe...Recently,China Copper and Huawei Technology Co.,Ltd.(referred to as Huawei Company)entered into strategic cooperation agreement in the conference room on 3rd floor of R&D Building of Bantian Base of Huawei,Shenzhen.This indicates a smart manufacturing new era for China Copper.展开更多
Beijing time on 9th July 2012, United States Fortune- global officially released the 2012 Global Fortune 500 Companies list. Xinxing Cathay Group and Weiqiao Pioneering Group entered Global Fortune 500 Companies. In 2...Beijing time on 9th July 2012, United States Fortune- global officially released the 2012 Global Fortune 500 Companies list. Xinxing Cathay Group and Weiqiao Pioneering Group entered Global Fortune 500 Companies. In 2011, Xinxing Cathay Group topped the ranking of Global Fortune 500 Companies, ranked No. 484 by operating income of CNY 147.6 billion (equivalent to USD 22.832 billion). Xinxing Cathay Group is the country’s largest military supplier,展开更多
BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nu...BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition(EEN) and the role of biomarkers in managing ICU-AW.METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 180 patients at risk of malnutrition admitted to the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Patients were divided into ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group according to whether they developed ICU-AW, or categorized into EEN and parenteral nutrition(PN) groups according to nutritional support. ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council score. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ICU-AW.RESULTS: The significant factors associated with ICU-AW included age, sex, type of nutritional therapy, mechanical ventilation(MV), body mass index(BMI), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(Cr) levels(P<0.05). The PN group developed ICU-AW earlier than did the EEN group, with a significant difference observed(log-rank P<0.001). Among biomarkers for ICU-AW, the mean prealbumin(PAB)/C-reactive protein(CRP) ratio had the highest diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve [AUC] 0.928, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.892–0.946), surpassing the mean Cr/BUN ratio(AUC 0.740, 95% CI 0.663–0.819) and mean transferrin levels(AUC 0.653, 95% CI 0.574–0.733).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for ICU-AW include female sex, advanced age, PN, MV, lower BMI, and elevated BUN and Cr levels. EEN may potentially delay ICU-AW onset, and the PAB/CRP ratio may be an effective diagnostic marker for this condition.展开更多
Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)can cause intestinal barrier dysfunction in broilers,leading to secondary liver injury(SLI).In this process,the gut-liver axis plays a crucial role.Lonicerae flos and turmeric extracts...Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)can cause intestinal barrier dysfunction in broilers,leading to secondary liver injury(SLI).In this process,the gut-liver axis plays a crucial role.Lonicerae flos and turmeric extracts(LTE),containing chlorogenic acid and curcumin,have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant properties.Based on these potential biological benefits,this study aims to investigate the reparative effects of LTE on the intestinal barrier dysfunction in NE-infected broilers and assess its therapeutic efficacy in alleviating SLI.By elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of LTE on gut-liver axis health,this research provides new insights into the prevention and treatment of NE in broilers.Results LTE improved body weight and average daily gain while reducing intestinal lesion scores,coccidia oocysts,and Clostridium perfringens counts in NE broilers(P<0.05).LTE enhanced intestinal morphology and up-regulated the expression of tight junction protein genes(CLDN1,TJP1)and MUC2,suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine and myeloperoxidase(MPO)levels,and minimized endotoxin(ET)accumulation in NE broilers(P<0.05).Furthermore,LTE alleviated oxidative stress in ileal cells and protected mitochondrial structure and function in NE broilers.NE infection induced intestinal permeability in broilers,leading to increased serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and intestinal-derived endotoxin levels,which caused liver damage.LTE significantly reduced liver pathologic damage,pro-inflammatory cytokine levels,aspartate transaminase,alanine aminotransferase,and ROS levels in NE broilers(P<0.05).Additionally,16S rRNA sequencing revealed that NE significantly increased the relative abundance of Barnesiella and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota,Desulfobacterota and Bacteroides in the cecum of broilers.LTE enhanced intestinal microbiota diversity and reduced the segregation of intestinal microbiota induced by NE infection.Conclusions In summary,LTE can alleviate NE and SLI by modulating the microbiota,inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress,and ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction,thereby enhancing gut-liver axis health and growth performance.展开更多
Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)in broiler chickens leads to significant economic losses in poultry production.This study examined the inhibitory effects of usnic acid and tannic acid on coccidia,sporozoite,and Clost...Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)in broiler chickens leads to significant economic losses in poultry production.This study examined the inhibitory effects of usnic acid and tannic acid on coccidia,sporozoite,and Clostridium perfringens and assessed their influence on growth performance and intestinal health in NE-challenged broilers through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods The in vitro experiment included 5 treatment groups:the negative control(NC),2μmol/L diclazuril(DZ),30μmol/L usnic acid(UA),90μmol/L tannic acid(TA),and 15μmol/L usnic acid^(+)45μmol/L tannic acid(UTA)groups.The in vivo experiment involved 320 broilers divided into four groups:PC(NE-challenged),SA(500 mg/kg salinomycin premix^(+)NE-challenged),UA(300 mg/kg usnic acid^(+)NE-challenged),and UTA(300 mg/kg usnic acid^(+)500 mg/kg tannic acid^(+)NE-challenged)groups.Results In the in vitro study,the UA,TA,and UTA treatments significantly increased apoptosis in coccidian oocysts and sporozoites,lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.05),and disrupted the oocyst structure compared with those in the NC group.UA and TA had inhibitory effects on C.perfringens,with the strongest inhibition observed in the UTA group.The in vivo results demonstrated that the SA group presented significantly improved growth performance on d 13,21,and 28(P<0.05),whereas the UA and UTA groups presented improvements on d 13 and 21(P<0.05).The SA,UA,and UTA treatments reduced the intestinal lesion scores by d 28 and the fecal coccidian oocyst counts from d 19 to 21(P<0.05).Compared with the PC group,the UA and UTA groups presented lower intestinal sIgA levels and CD8^(+)cell percentages(P<0.05),with a trend toward a reduced CD3^(+)cell percentage(P=0.069).The SA,UA,and UTA treatments significantly reduced the serum diamine oxidase activity,crypt depth,and plateletderived growth factor levels in the intestinal mucosa while increasing the villus height to crypt depth ratio and number of goblet cells(P<0.05).The UTA treatment also significantly increased the acetate and butyrate concentrations in the cecum(P<0.05).With respect to the gut microbiota,significant changes inβdiversity in the ileum and cecum were observed in the SA,UA,and UTA groups,indicating that the microbial community compositions differed among the groups.Romboutsia dominated the SA group,Bacillales dominated the UA group,and Lactobacillales and Lachnospirales dominated the UTA group in the ileal microbiota.In the cecal microbiota,Lactobacillus,Butyricicoccus,and Blautia abundances were significantly elevated in the UTA group(P<0.05).Conclusion Usnic acid and tannic acid induce apoptosis in coccidia and sporozoites by lowering the mitochondrial membrane potential.Both usnic acid alone and in combination with tannic acid alleviate NE-induced adverse effects in broilers by modulating intestinal immunity,altering the microbial composition,and improving intestinal barrier function.Compared with usnic acid alone,the combination of usnic acid and tannic acid had superior effects,providing a promising basis for the development of effective feed additive combinations.展开更多
Neurosurgical patients,including those with severe traumatic brain injury,spinal cord injury,stroke,or raised intracranial pressure,are at heightened risk for stress ulcers and aspiration pneumonitis,leading to signif...Neurosurgical patients,including those with severe traumatic brain injury,spinal cord injury,stroke,or raised intracranial pressure,are at heightened risk for stress ulcers and aspiration pneumonitis,leading to significant morbidity and mortality.These patients are typically managed through both pharmacological interventions[e.g.,proton pump inhibitors(PPIs),histamine 2(H2)antagonists,sucralfate]and non-pharmacological measures(e.g.,nasogastric decompression,patient positioning)to mitigate adverse outcomes.The pathogenesis of stress ulcers in neurosurgical patients is multifactorial,but the routine use of stress ulcer prophylaxis remains controversial.While gastric acid suppression with H2 rece-ptor antagonists and PPIs is commonly employed,concerns have arisen regarding the association between elevated gastric pH,bacterial colonization,and ventilator-associated pneumonia.The lack of comprehensive data on gastroprotection in critically ill neurosurgical patients,who face a greater risk than non-neurosurgical counterparts,further complicates this issue.Recent studies,such as one by Gao et al on the efficacy of vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy in elderly patients,highlight the potential of novel therapies,but the influence of pre-existing conditions like Helicobacter pylori infection remains unclear.Non-pharmacological interventions,including nasogastric decompression and early enteral nutrition,are critical in improving outcomes but require further research to refine strategies.This editorial underscores the need for tailored approaches and encourages further investigation into optimal gastroprotective strategies for neurosurgical patients.展开更多
BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recover...BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in children.AIM To compare and analyze the effects of different postoperative feeding methods on gastrointestinal function reconstruction in newborns with CIA.METHODS Twenty-six children diagnosed with neonatal CIA,treated with minimally invasive surgery at Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,were selected for this single-center prospective randomized controlled study.They were divided into two groups using envelope randomization:Enteral nutrition(EN)group(n=13)and parenteral nutrition(PN)group(n=13).Baseline and clinical characteristics were collected,and recovery time of bowel sounds and time to first defecation were used as evaluation indices for gastrointestinal functional reconstruction.Differences between the groups were analyzed using t-test,χ2 test,and Fisher’s exact test.Spearman’s correlation tests and linear regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing time to first defecation.RESULTS The time to bowel sound recovery(51.54 vs 65.85,P=0.013)and first defecation(58.15 vs 76.62,P<0.001)was shorter in the EN group compared to the PN group.Clinical improvements in the EN group,including discharge weight(P=0.044),hospital stay(P=0.027),white blood cell count(P=0.023),albumin content(P=0.013),and direct bilirubin content(P=0.018),were also better than those in the PN group.No substantial differences in postoperative complications were found between the groups.Correlation analysis indicated that abdominal infection and operation time may relate to time to first defecation.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a considerable association between EN feeding and shorter time to first defecation.Abdominal infection and an operation time>2 hours may be risk factors for prolonged time to first defecation.CONCLUSION EN substantially promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function after CIA in neonates and can improve clinical outcomes in children.Future research should explore optimal EN practices to enhance clinical application and child health.展开更多
Allied disorders of Hirschsprung diseases(ADHDs)have abnormal enteric ganglia and symptoms that are similar to congenital megacolon.The classification of ADHDs includes neuronal dysplasia,enteric gangliocytomatosis,is...Allied disorders of Hirschsprung diseases(ADHDs)have abnormal enteric ganglia and symptoms that are similar to congenital megacolon.The classification of ADHDs includes neuronal dysplasia,enteric gangliocytomatosis,isolated ganglion dysfunction,immature ganglion,and internal anal sphincter achalasia.The diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of ADHDs are distinct from congenital megacolon.This review summarizes the classification,epidemiology,pathogenesis,gene basis,pathology,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of ADHDs based on existing diagnostic criteria.展开更多
Critically ill patients have a variety of complex pathologies and are in a multifarious state of catabolism supplanted by external and internal factors.Early enteral nutrition(EEN)is defined as the initiation of enter...Critically ill patients have a variety of complex pathologies and are in a multifarious state of catabolism supplanted by external and internal factors.Early enteral nutrition(EEN)is defined as the initiation of enteral feeding within 24-48 hours of hospitalization.Previous studies show the benefits of EEN include supporting the healing process through preservation of the gut mucosa,modulation of the immune response,and suppression of inflammation.However,recent studies suggest the advantages of EEN may not be as robust as previously believed.This review aims to discuss the outcomes of EEN when used in different critical care settings while managing complex disease states such as burns,sepsis,pancreatitis,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Evidence indicates that EEN has a positive impact on patient outcomes,hospital costs,length of intensive care unit stay,and preventing complications.展开更多
Objective Abnormal gastrointestinal motility plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).Although electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated efficacy in FD treatment,its precise mechanism remains ...Objective Abnormal gastrointestinal motility plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).Although electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated efficacy in FD treatment,its precise mechanism remains unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the specific mechanism through which EA improves gastrointestinal motility in FD.Methods Physiological indices,including body weight,food intake,gastrointestinal motility,and gastrointestinal morphology,were utilized to assess the FD model in rats.EA interventions were applied at meridian points,as well as non-meridian points and non-acupoints,in FD model rats.The effects of EA at zusanli(ST36)and taichong(LR3)on gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats were elucidated using gastrointestinal motility test indices.Techniques such as Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence were employed to determine the specific mechanisms by which EA improved gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats.Results Multifactorial stress intervention could be used to effectively establish an FD rat model.EA at ST36 and LR3 significantly improved gastrointestinal motility.Furthermore,EA at ST36 and LR3 upregulated the protein expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),GDNF family receptor alpha 1(GFRα1),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),and protein kinase B(Akt),along with their mRNA expression levels and the number of enteric glial cells(EGCs).Conclusions EA was capable of increasing the number of EGCs by activating the GDNF/GFRα1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,thereby improving gastrointestinal motility in FD.展开更多
文摘"CottonShop" derived from Paris France and is one of the most development potential brand all over the world. "CottonShop" with different kinds of apparel series
文摘China launched the NigComSat-1R communications satellite with a Long March 3B/E from the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC) at 00:41 on December 20.Twenty six minutes after the lift-off,the satellite separated with the rocket and entered precisely into a geostationary transfer orbit with a perigee of 203km,an apogee of 42007km and an inelination of 24.8 degrees.
文摘The 19;National Congress of the Communist Party of China was an epoch-making Party Congress.The Congress solemnly declared that"socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era".With the major change in China’s historical position,the cause of human rights in China has also entered a new era of socialism with
文摘Successfully launched by China Great Wall Industry Corporation,APstar 1A proved to be operatingnormally following testing.This telecommunications satelite was sent into orbit on July 3,1996 usingLong March 3 launch vehicle from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre in Southwest China’s SichuanProvince.The satellite smoothly entered into orbit with a perigee of 222 kilometres and apogee of 41,838kilometres,24 minutes after launch. APstar 1A,which was manufactured by Hughes Space and Communications of the United States ofAmerica,was operatd by Hong Kong-based Asia Satellite Telecommunications(AsiaSat).It weighs 1.4tons and should have a 10 year lifespan.APstar 1A is needed to complement APstar 1,launched by Chinain July 1994.APstar President Xie Gaojue said that APstar 1A’s services will add to the space resources forAsian and Pacific regions. The satellite was originally slated to be launched in early March,but the launch was delayed due
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China,No.2021YFC2501200(to PC).
文摘Short-chain fatty acids,metabolites produced by the fermentation of dietary fiber by gut microbiota,have garnered significant attention due to their correlation with neurodegenerative diseases,particularly Parkinson’s disease.In this review,we summarize the changes in short-chain fatty acid levels and the abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria in various samples from patients with Parkinson’s disease,highlighting the critical role of gut homeostasis imbalance in the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.Focusing on the nervous system,we discuss the molecular mechanisms by which short-chain fatty acids influence the homeostasis of both the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system.We identify key processes,including the activation of G protein-coupled receptors and the inhibition of histone deacetylases by short-chain fatty acids.Importantly,structural or functional disruptions in the enteric nervous system mediated by these fatty acids may lead to abnormalα-synuclein expression and gastrointestinal dysmotility,which could serve as an initiating event in Parkinson’s disease.Furthermore,we propose that short-chain fatty acids help establish communication between the enteric nervous system and the central nervous system via the vagal nerve,immune circulation,and endocrine signaling.This communication may shed light on their potential role in the transmission ofα-synuclein from the gut to the brain.Finally,we elucidate novel treatment strategies for Parkinson’s disease that target short-chain fatty acids and examine the challenges associated with translating short-chain fatty acid-based therapies into clinical practice.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of short-chain fatty acids in regulating gut-brain axis integrity and their significance in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease from the perspective of the nervous system.Moreover,it highlights the potential value of short-chain fatty acids in early intervention for Parkinson’s disease.Future research into the molecular mechanisms of short-chain fatty acids and their synergistic interactions with other gut metabolites is likely to advance the clinical translation of innovative short-chain fatty acid-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease.
基金supported by the Scientific Research Project of the Health Commission of Shanxi Province(No.2024003)。
文摘This article reviews research advances in the application of early enteral nutrition(EEN)in elderly patients with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Elderly SAP patients are associated with higher mor tality rates due to age-related immune dysfunction,whereas EEN has been demonstrated to improve clinical prognosis,reduce infection and complication rates,and shor ten hospital stays.However,ongoing debates exist regarding the optimal timing,route selection,and complication management of EEN.Through a systematic review of the literature,this study synthesizes current evidence on EEN in elderly SAP populations,critically examines unresolved clinical controversies,and proposes future research priorities to inform evidence-based practice.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFF0703600)。
文摘Highlights By conjugating the same anti-N monoclonal antibody(mAb4-mAb1)with colloidal gold or fluorescent microspheres,this study developed two rapid point-of-care antigen immunochromatographic strips for the detection of porcine deltacoronavirus.The fluorescent microsphere-based lateral flow test strip demonstrated a sensitivity of 10^(1.7)TCID_(50)/0.1 mL,which is fourfold higher than that of the colloidal gold-based assay.Porcine deltacoronavirus(PDCoV)is a recently identified enteric coronavirus that causes an acute infectious disease in piglets,leading to diarrhea,vomiting,dehydration,and mortality(Hu et al.2015).
文摘Lysosomal storage disorders and their impact upon the central nervous system:Lysosomal storage disorders(LSDs)are a group of over 70 rare inherited metabolic disorders(Platt et al.,2018).They are caused by dysfunction of lysosomes,organelles that contain enzymes responsible for digesting macromolecules.In functional lysosomes,these enzymes break down complex substrates,and the resulting fragments are recycled.Individual LSDs are caused by mutations in genes that encode lysosomal enzymes or other proteins crucial for lysosome function(Platt et al.,2018).
文摘On Oct.,25,3018,Hebei Songhe Renewable Resources Limited Liability Company and Chilwee Group signed an agreement,wherein,a project of annual disposal of 600000 tons of waste storage battery and comprehensive utilization of lead-bearing wastes will be initiated in Xinhe County,Hebei.
文摘Recently,China Copper and Huawei Technology Co.,Ltd.(referred to as Huawei Company)entered into strategic cooperation agreement in the conference room on 3rd floor of R&D Building of Bantian Base of Huawei,Shenzhen.This indicates a smart manufacturing new era for China Copper.
文摘Beijing time on 9th July 2012, United States Fortune- global officially released the 2012 Global Fortune 500 Companies list. Xinxing Cathay Group and Weiqiao Pioneering Group entered Global Fortune 500 Companies. In 2011, Xinxing Cathay Group topped the ranking of Global Fortune 500 Companies, ranked No. 484 by operating income of CNY 147.6 billion (equivalent to USD 22.832 billion). Xinxing Cathay Group is the country’s largest military supplier,
文摘BACKGROUND: This study aimed to explore the risk factors associated with intensive care unitacquired weakness(ICU-AW) in critically ill patients at risk of malnutrition and to evaluate the efficacy of early enteral nutrition(EEN) and the role of biomarkers in managing ICU-AW.METHODS: This retrospective, observational cohort study included 180 patients at risk of malnutrition admitted to the emergency intensive care unit of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University Hospital from January 2022 to December 2023. Patients were divided into ICU-AW group and non-ICU-AW group according to whether they developed ICU-AW, or categorized into EEN and parenteral nutrition(PN) groups according to nutritional support. ICU-AW was diagnosed using the Medical Research Council score. The primary outcome was the occurrence of ICU-AW.RESULTS: The significant factors associated with ICU-AW included age, sex, type of nutritional therapy, mechanical ventilation(MV), body mass index(BMI), blood urea nitrogen(BUN), and creatinine(Cr) levels(P<0.05). The PN group developed ICU-AW earlier than did the EEN group, with a significant difference observed(log-rank P<0.001). Among biomarkers for ICU-AW, the mean prealbumin(PAB)/C-reactive protein(CRP) ratio had the highest diagnostic accuracy(area under the curve [AUC] 0.928, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.892–0.946), surpassing the mean Cr/BUN ratio(AUC 0.740, 95% CI 0.663–0.819) and mean transferrin levels(AUC 0.653, 95% CI 0.574–0.733).CONCLUSION: Independent risk factors for ICU-AW include female sex, advanced age, PN, MV, lower BMI, and elevated BUN and Cr levels. EEN may potentially delay ICU-AW onset, and the PAB/CRP ratio may be an effective diagnostic marker for this condition.
基金provided by the precise assessment of the combined toxic effects of major mycotoxins on monogastric animals(2023YFD1301002).
文摘Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)can cause intestinal barrier dysfunction in broilers,leading to secondary liver injury(SLI).In this process,the gut-liver axis plays a crucial role.Lonicerae flos and turmeric extracts(LTE),containing chlorogenic acid and curcumin,have been reported to possess anti-inflammatory,and antioxidant properties.Based on these potential biological benefits,this study aims to investigate the reparative effects of LTE on the intestinal barrier dysfunction in NE-infected broilers and assess its therapeutic efficacy in alleviating SLI.By elucidating the regulatory mechanisms of LTE on gut-liver axis health,this research provides new insights into the prevention and treatment of NE in broilers.Results LTE improved body weight and average daily gain while reducing intestinal lesion scores,coccidia oocysts,and Clostridium perfringens counts in NE broilers(P<0.05).LTE enhanced intestinal morphology and up-regulated the expression of tight junction protein genes(CLDN1,TJP1)and MUC2,suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokine and myeloperoxidase(MPO)levels,and minimized endotoxin(ET)accumulation in NE broilers(P<0.05).Furthermore,LTE alleviated oxidative stress in ileal cells and protected mitochondrial structure and function in NE broilers.NE infection induced intestinal permeability in broilers,leading to increased serum pro-inflammatory cytokines and intestinal-derived endotoxin levels,which caused liver damage.LTE significantly reduced liver pathologic damage,pro-inflammatory cytokine levels,aspartate transaminase,alanine aminotransferase,and ROS levels in NE broilers(P<0.05).Additionally,16S rRNA sequencing revealed that NE significantly increased the relative abundance of Barnesiella and decreased the relative abundance of Bacteroidota,Desulfobacterota and Bacteroides in the cecum of broilers.LTE enhanced intestinal microbiota diversity and reduced the segregation of intestinal microbiota induced by NE infection.Conclusions In summary,LTE can alleviate NE and SLI by modulating the microbiota,inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress,and ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction,thereby enhancing gut-liver axis health and growth performance.
基金supported by China Agriculture Research System Program(Project No.CARS-41-G04)。
文摘Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)in broiler chickens leads to significant economic losses in poultry production.This study examined the inhibitory effects of usnic acid and tannic acid on coccidia,sporozoite,and Clostridium perfringens and assessed their influence on growth performance and intestinal health in NE-challenged broilers through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods The in vitro experiment included 5 treatment groups:the negative control(NC),2μmol/L diclazuril(DZ),30μmol/L usnic acid(UA),90μmol/L tannic acid(TA),and 15μmol/L usnic acid^(+)45μmol/L tannic acid(UTA)groups.The in vivo experiment involved 320 broilers divided into four groups:PC(NE-challenged),SA(500 mg/kg salinomycin premix^(+)NE-challenged),UA(300 mg/kg usnic acid^(+)NE-challenged),and UTA(300 mg/kg usnic acid^(+)500 mg/kg tannic acid^(+)NE-challenged)groups.Results In the in vitro study,the UA,TA,and UTA treatments significantly increased apoptosis in coccidian oocysts and sporozoites,lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential(P<0.05),and disrupted the oocyst structure compared with those in the NC group.UA and TA had inhibitory effects on C.perfringens,with the strongest inhibition observed in the UTA group.The in vivo results demonstrated that the SA group presented significantly improved growth performance on d 13,21,and 28(P<0.05),whereas the UA and UTA groups presented improvements on d 13 and 21(P<0.05).The SA,UA,and UTA treatments reduced the intestinal lesion scores by d 28 and the fecal coccidian oocyst counts from d 19 to 21(P<0.05).Compared with the PC group,the UA and UTA groups presented lower intestinal sIgA levels and CD8^(+)cell percentages(P<0.05),with a trend toward a reduced CD3^(+)cell percentage(P=0.069).The SA,UA,and UTA treatments significantly reduced the serum diamine oxidase activity,crypt depth,and plateletderived growth factor levels in the intestinal mucosa while increasing the villus height to crypt depth ratio and number of goblet cells(P<0.05).The UTA treatment also significantly increased the acetate and butyrate concentrations in the cecum(P<0.05).With respect to the gut microbiota,significant changes inβdiversity in the ileum and cecum were observed in the SA,UA,and UTA groups,indicating that the microbial community compositions differed among the groups.Romboutsia dominated the SA group,Bacillales dominated the UA group,and Lactobacillales and Lachnospirales dominated the UTA group in the ileal microbiota.In the cecal microbiota,Lactobacillus,Butyricicoccus,and Blautia abundances were significantly elevated in the UTA group(P<0.05).Conclusion Usnic acid and tannic acid induce apoptosis in coccidia and sporozoites by lowering the mitochondrial membrane potential.Both usnic acid alone and in combination with tannic acid alleviate NE-induced adverse effects in broilers by modulating intestinal immunity,altering the microbial composition,and improving intestinal barrier function.Compared with usnic acid alone,the combination of usnic acid and tannic acid had superior effects,providing a promising basis for the development of effective feed additive combinations.
文摘Neurosurgical patients,including those with severe traumatic brain injury,spinal cord injury,stroke,or raised intracranial pressure,are at heightened risk for stress ulcers and aspiration pneumonitis,leading to significant morbidity and mortality.These patients are typically managed through both pharmacological interventions[e.g.,proton pump inhibitors(PPIs),histamine 2(H2)antagonists,sucralfate]and non-pharmacological measures(e.g.,nasogastric decompression,patient positioning)to mitigate adverse outcomes.The pathogenesis of stress ulcers in neurosurgical patients is multifactorial,but the routine use of stress ulcer prophylaxis remains controversial.While gastric acid suppression with H2 rece-ptor antagonists and PPIs is commonly employed,concerns have arisen regarding the association between elevated gastric pH,bacterial colonization,and ventilator-associated pneumonia.The lack of comprehensive data on gastroprotection in critically ill neurosurgical patients,who face a greater risk than non-neurosurgical counterparts,further complicates this issue.Recent studies,such as one by Gao et al on the efficacy of vonoprazan-amoxicillin dual therapy in elderly patients,highlight the potential of novel therapies,but the influence of pre-existing conditions like Helicobacter pylori infection remains unclear.Non-pharmacological interventions,including nasogastric decompression and early enteral nutrition,are critical in improving outcomes but require further research to refine strategies.This editorial underscores the need for tailored approaches and encourages further investigation into optimal gastroprotective strategies for neurosurgical patients.
文摘BACKGROUND Congenital intestinal atresia(CIA)is a common intestinal malformation in the neonatal period,and surgery is currently the main treatment method.The choice of postoperative feeding is crucial for the recovery of gastrointestinal function in children.AIM To compare and analyze the effects of different postoperative feeding methods on gastrointestinal function reconstruction in newborns with CIA.METHODS Twenty-six children diagnosed with neonatal CIA,treated with minimally invasive surgery at Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and May 2024,were selected for this single-center prospective randomized controlled study.They were divided into two groups using envelope randomization:Enteral nutrition(EN)group(n=13)and parenteral nutrition(PN)group(n=13).Baseline and clinical characteristics were collected,and recovery time of bowel sounds and time to first defecation were used as evaluation indices for gastrointestinal functional reconstruction.Differences between the groups were analyzed using t-test,χ2 test,and Fisher’s exact test.Spearman’s correlation tests and linear regression models were employed to analyze factors influencing time to first defecation.RESULTS The time to bowel sound recovery(51.54 vs 65.85,P=0.013)and first defecation(58.15 vs 76.62,P<0.001)was shorter in the EN group compared to the PN group.Clinical improvements in the EN group,including discharge weight(P=0.044),hospital stay(P=0.027),white blood cell count(P=0.023),albumin content(P=0.013),and direct bilirubin content(P=0.018),were also better than those in the PN group.No substantial differences in postoperative complications were found between the groups.Correlation analysis indicated that abdominal infection and operation time may relate to time to first defecation.Linear regression analysis demonstrated a considerable association between EN feeding and shorter time to first defecation.Abdominal infection and an operation time>2 hours may be risk factors for prolonged time to first defecation.CONCLUSION EN substantially promotes the recovery of gastrointestinal function after CIA in neonates and can improve clinical outcomes in children.Future research should explore optimal EN practices to enhance clinical application and child health.
文摘Allied disorders of Hirschsprung diseases(ADHDs)have abnormal enteric ganglia and symptoms that are similar to congenital megacolon.The classification of ADHDs includes neuronal dysplasia,enteric gangliocytomatosis,isolated ganglion dysfunction,immature ganglion,and internal anal sphincter achalasia.The diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of ADHDs are distinct from congenital megacolon.This review summarizes the classification,epidemiology,pathogenesis,gene basis,pathology,diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of ADHDs based on existing diagnostic criteria.
文摘Critically ill patients have a variety of complex pathologies and are in a multifarious state of catabolism supplanted by external and internal factors.Early enteral nutrition(EEN)is defined as the initiation of enteral feeding within 24-48 hours of hospitalization.Previous studies show the benefits of EEN include supporting the healing process through preservation of the gut mucosa,modulation of the immune response,and suppression of inflammation.However,recent studies suggest the advantages of EEN may not be as robust as previously believed.This review aims to discuss the outcomes of EEN when used in different critical care settings while managing complex disease states such as burns,sepsis,pancreatitis,and upper gastrointestinal bleeding.Evidence indicates that EEN has a positive impact on patient outcomes,hospital costs,length of intensive care unit stay,and preventing complications.
基金supported by The Research Fund of Jianghan University(Grant No.2024JCYJ13)Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Education of Hubei Province(Grant No.Q20234413).
文摘Objective Abnormal gastrointestinal motility plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).Although electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated efficacy in FD treatment,its precise mechanism remains unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the specific mechanism through which EA improves gastrointestinal motility in FD.Methods Physiological indices,including body weight,food intake,gastrointestinal motility,and gastrointestinal morphology,were utilized to assess the FD model in rats.EA interventions were applied at meridian points,as well as non-meridian points and non-acupoints,in FD model rats.The effects of EA at zusanli(ST36)and taichong(LR3)on gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats were elucidated using gastrointestinal motility test indices.Techniques such as Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence were employed to determine the specific mechanisms by which EA improved gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats.Results Multifactorial stress intervention could be used to effectively establish an FD rat model.EA at ST36 and LR3 significantly improved gastrointestinal motility.Furthermore,EA at ST36 and LR3 upregulated the protein expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),GDNF family receptor alpha 1(GFRα1),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),and protein kinase B(Akt),along with their mRNA expression levels and the number of enteric glial cells(EGCs).Conclusions EA was capable of increasing the number of EGCs by activating the GDNF/GFRα1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,thereby improving gastrointestinal motility in FD.
