Casing deformation is a widespread problem in a certain block of Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field in Sichuan Basin,China,and it severely limits the development benefits of shale gas in that block.Based on the spatiotemporal ...Casing deformation is a widespread problem in a certain block of Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field in Sichuan Basin,China,and it severely limits the development benefits of shale gas in that block.Based on the spatiotemporal characteristics of block formation,fracture development,and casing deformation occurrence,this paper employs an integrated geological—engineering research approach to identify the primary mechanisms governing casing deformation within the block and proposes countermeasures to prevent such deformation.The present research indicates the following findings:(1)The block has undergone multiple phases of tectonic superposition,with fracture development serving as the geological factor causing casing deformation.(2)Fracturing activation constitutes the engineering factor causing casing deformation,with 4 mm of formation slip inducing deformation.(3)The fracture activation risk map shows that Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ fractures account for 73.36%of the total recorded in the block.Within the most susceptible Class I risk zone,the critical activation pressure increment for fracturing operations ranges from 13.43 MPa to 13.99 MPa.Based on the distribution of casing failure risk zones identified in the fracture activation risk map,this paper proposes relevant technical countermeasures for preventing casing failure from three perspectives:shale gas well location deployment,drilling techniques,and fracturing techniques.These measures provide robust support for safeguarding the integrity of casing systems within the studied block.展开更多
The relationship between major quality tools such as quality function development （QFD）, failure mode and effects analysis （FMEA）, design of experiments （DOE） and statistical process control （SPC） is analyzed ...The relationship between major quality tools such as quality function development （QFD）, failure mode and effects analysis （FMEA）, design of experiments （DOE） and statistical process control （SPC） is analyzed through an extensive review of the literature and the concurrent quality engineering philosophy, and a basic structure for the integration of quality tools is presented. An integrated quality management system （IQMS） is developed using C＋＋ Builder, running in the Windows 2000 Server environment with the basic internet connections, and SQL Server 2000 as the platform for developing the database, An illustrative example applying IQMS to the continuous quality improvement for a crane equipment manufacturing is reported. The result shows that the application of IQMS can optimize the process of design and manufacturing, shorten the cycle time of product, reduce the cost, and realize quality improvement continuously, The proposed integrated framework with IOMS is believed to be applicable to continuous quality improvement in many manufacturing companies.展开更多
Casting technology is a fundamental and irreplaceable method in advanced manufacturing.The design and optimization of casting processes are crucial for producing high-performance,complex metal components.Transitioning...Casting technology is a fundamental and irreplaceable method in advanced manufacturing.The design and optimization of casting processes are crucial for producing high-performance,complex metal components.Transitioning from traditional process design based on"experience+experiment"to an integrated,intelligent approach is essential for achieving precise control over microstructure and properties.This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of intelligent casting process design and optimization for the first time.First,it explores process design methods based on casting simulation and integrated computational materials engineering(ICME).It then examines the application of machine learning(ML)in process design,highlighting its efficiency and existing challenges,along with the development of integrated intelligent design platforms.Finally,future research directions are discussed to drive further advancements and sustainable development in intelligent casting design and optimization.展开更多
Integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)is to integrate multi-scale computational simulations and key experimental methods such as macroscopic,mesoscopic,and microscopic into the whole process of Al alloys...Integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)is to integrate multi-scale computational simulations and key experimental methods such as macroscopic,mesoscopic,and microscopic into the whole process of Al alloys design and development,which enables the design and development of Al alloys to upgrade from traditional empirical to the integration of compositionprocess-structure-mechanical property,thus greatly accelerating its development speed and reducing its development cost.This study combines calculation of phase diagram(CALPHAD),Finite element calculations,first principle calculations,and microstructure characterization methods to predict and regulate the formation and structure of composite precipitates from the design of highmodulus Al alloy compositions and optimize the casting process parameters to inhibit the formation of micropore defects in the casting process,and the final tensile strength of Al alloys reaches420 MPa and Young's modulus reaches more than 88 GPa,which achieves the design goal of the high strength and modulus Al alloys,and establishes a new mode of the design and development of the strength/modulus Al alloys.展开更多
I firmly believe that of systems engineering is the requirement-driven force for the progress ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies. The development ofsoftware engineering, artifi...I firmly believe that of systems engineering is the requirement-driven force for the progress ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies. The development ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies is the technical supportfor the progress of systems engineering. INTEGRATION can be considered as "bridging" the ex-isting technologies and the People together into a coordinated SYSTEM.展开更多
This paper describes how database information and electronic 3D models are integrated to produce power plant designs more efficiently and accurately. Engineering CAD/CAE systems have evolved from strictly 3D modeling ...This paper describes how database information and electronic 3D models are integrated to produce power plant designs more efficiently and accurately. Engineering CAD/CAE systems have evolved from strictly 3D modeling to spatial data management tools. This paper describes how process data, commodities, and location data are disseminated to the various project team members through a central integrated database. The database and 3D model also provide a cache of information that is valuable to the constructor, and operations and maintenance Personnel.展开更多
With the basic characteristics of conventional horizontal wells,the so-called complex wells including horizontal extended-reach wells,multi-lateral horizontal wells,U-shaped wells,cluster horizontal wells,etc.,are adv...With the basic characteristics of conventional horizontal wells,the so-called complex wells including horizontal extended-reach wells,multi-lateral horizontal wells,U-shaped wells,cluster horizontal wells,etc.,are advanced well types for the efficient development of low-permeability,unconventional,deep-water,and deep oil and gas reservoirs,which have been highly concerned all over the world.Significant progress at home and abroad has been made in relevant researches and practices and is expected to play an important role in the efficient development of shale oil and gas.To meet the basic needs of environment&safety,land conservation,cost reducing and efficiency improving,it is urgent to create a unique and efficient mode for developing shale gas.Therefore,an efficient shale gas development mode for mountainous areas and an engineering and technical support system are presented based on large cluster horizontal-well engineering.An equation is thus obtained for calculating the maximum number of horizontal wells arranged allowably in“Well Factory”on a single platform.The general research and development of large extended-reach well technology are analyzed by expounding the basic concept of an extended-reach well and its drilling extension limit.And a calculation method is thus established to predict the maximum measured depth of open hole in extended-reach drilling.Moreover,some relevant research results and their significance for downhole tubular mechanics&mechanical extension limits in extended-reach drilling are also briefly introduced in this paper.The conclusions are drawn that,by following the idea of“integration of geology and engineering”in oil and gas development,these research results have a foreseeable application prospect in shale gas development in the mountainous areas in the future,and will contribute to new progress in China's“Shale Revolution”.展开更多
Metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology has experienced rapid development in recent years.As both equipment and materials progress towards increased maturity and commercialization,material metallurgy technology ba...Metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology has experienced rapid development in recent years.As both equipment and materials progress towards increased maturity and commercialization,material metallurgy technology based on high energy sources has become a key factor influencing the future development of MAM.The calculation of phase diagrams(CALPHAD)is an essential method and tool for constructing multi-component phase diagrams by employing experimental phase diagrams and Gibbs free energy models of simple systems.By combining with the element mobility data and non-equilibrium phase transition model,it has been widely used in the analysis of traditional metal materials.The development of CALPHAD application technology for MAM is focused on the compositional design of printable materials,the reduction of metallurgical imperfections,and the control of microstructural attributes.This endeavor carries considerable theoretical and practical significance.This paper summarizes the important achievements of CALPHAD in additive manufacturing(AM)technology in recent years,including material design,process parameter optimization,microstructure evolution simulation,and properties prediction.Finally,the limitations of applying CALPHAD technology to MAM technology are discussed,along with prospective research directions.展开更多
Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)offers a promising strategy for CO_(2) conversion into value-added C2+products and facilitates the storage of renewable resources under comparatively mild conditions,...Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)offers a promising strategy for CO_(2) conversion into value-added C2+products and facilitates the storage of renewable resources under comparatively mild conditions,but still remains a challenge.Herein,we propose the strategy of surface reconstruction and interface integration engineering to construct tuneable Cu^(0)-Cu^(+)-Cu^(2+)sites and oxygen vacancy oxide derived from CeO_(2)/CuO nanosheets(OD-CeO_(2)/CuO NSs)heterojunction catalysts and promote the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)RR.The optimized OD-CeO_(2)/CuO electrocatalyst shows the maximum Faradic efficiencies for C2+products in the H-type cell,which reaches 69.8%at−1.25 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).Advanced characterization analysis and density functional theory(DFT)calculations further confirm the fact that the existence of oxygen vacancies and Cu^(0)-Cu^(+)-Cu^(2+)sites modified with CeO_(2) is conducive to CO_(2) adsorption and activation,enhances the hydrogenation of^(*)CO to^(*)CHO,and further promotes the dimerization of^(*)CHO,thus promoting the selectivity of C2+generation.This facile interface integration and surface reconstruction strategy provides an ideal strategy to guide the design of CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.展开更多
In 2023,Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine awarded the mRNA vaccine technology.The synthetic vaccine prepared by encapsu-lating the modified mRNA within cationic lipid nanocarriers signif-icantly reduces the risk of d...In 2023,Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine awarded the mRNA vaccine technology.The synthetic vaccine prepared by encapsu-lating the modified mRNA within cationic lipid nanocarriers signif-icantly reduces the risk of death from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In 2024,Kavli Prize recognizes the pioneering work of integrating engineered nanocarriers with biological functions for biomedical applications.The development of nanomedicine has changed the ways we approach the fundamental understand-ing,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of diseases.These suc-cessful cases brought great excitement to the field of nanomedicine;however,many challenges still remain.In particular,it is critical to optimize nanocarriers to improve delivery effi-ciency and selectivity as well as reduce toxic side effects.展开更多
The exploration and development of marine shale gas reservoirs in South China is challenged by complex geological and geographical conditions,such as strong transformation,post maturity,complex mountains and humanity....The exploration and development of marine shale gas reservoirs in South China is challenged by complex geological and geographical conditions,such as strong transformation,post maturity,complex mountains and humanity.In this paper,the evaluations on shale gas sweet spots conducted in Zhaotong demonstration zone in the past six years and the construction of 500 million m 3 shale gas productivity in Huangjinba region were discussed,and the results of shale gas reservoir evaluations in China and abroad were investigated.Accordingly,it is proposed that another two key indicators be taken into consideration in the evaluation on shale gas sweet spots in marine mountains in South China,i.e.shale gas preservation conditions and pore pressure,and the research on ground stress and natural microfracture systems should be strengthened.Then,systematic analysis was conducted by integrating shale gas multidisciplinary data and geological and engineering integration study was carried out.Finally,a 3D model,which was composed of“geophysics,reservoir geology,fracture system and rock geomechanics”,was established for shale gas reservoirs.Application practice shows that the geological engineering integration and the 3D reservoir modeling are effective methods for evaluating the shale gas sweet spots in complex marine mountains in South China.Besides,based on shale gas sweet spot evaluation,3D spatial congruency and superposition effects of multiple attributes and multiple evaluation parameters are presented.Moreover,the short-plate principle is the factor controlling the distribution patterns and evaluation results of shale gas sweet spots.It is concluded that this comprehensive evaluation method is innovative and effective in avoiding complex geological and engineering risks,so it is of guiding significance in exploration and development of marine shale gas in South China.展开更多
By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation techn...By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of CNPC in five aspects:reservoir stimulation mechanism,fracture-controlled fracturing,geological-engineering integrated reservoir stimulation design platform,low-cost materials,and large well-pad three-dimensional development mode.It is made clear that the major stimulation technology for shale oil reservoir is the high density multi-cluster and fracture-controlled staged fracturing aiming to increase fracture-controlled reserves,lower operation costs and increase economic benefits.Based on comprehensive analysis of the challenges shale oil reservoir stimulation technology faces in three-dimensional development,stimulation parameter optimization for fracture-controlled fracturing,refracturing and low-cost stimulation technology,we proposed five development directions of the stimulation technology:(1)Strengthen the research on integration of geology and engineering to make full use of reservoir stimulation.(2)Deepen the study on fracture-controlled fracturing to improve reserves development degree.(3)Promote horizontal well three-dimensional development of shale oil to realize the production of multiple layers vertically.(4)Research refracturing technology of shale oil reservoir through horizontal well to efficiently tap the remaining reserves between fractures.(5)Develop low-cost stimulation supporting technology to help reduce the cost and increase economic benefit of oilfield development.展开更多
To reduce the propulsion system installation thrust loss under high angle of attack maneuvering,a control method based on real-time optimization of the integrated aeropropulsion is proposed.Firstly,based on data fitti...To reduce the propulsion system installation thrust loss under high angle of attack maneuvering,a control method based on real-time optimization of the integrated aeropropulsion is proposed.Firstly,based on data fitting and physical principle,an integrated onboard model of propulsion system is established,which can calculate various performance parameters of the propulsion system in real time,and has high accuracy and real-time performance.Secondly,to improve the compatibility of optimization real-time performance and search accuracy,the online optimization control of aero-propulsion system is realized based on an improved trust region algorithm.Finally,by controlling the auxiliary intake valve,a good match between inlet and engine is realized,which solves the problems of intake flow reducing and total pressure recovery coefficient declining,and improves the installation performance of propulsion system.The simulation results indicate that,compared with the conventional independent engine control,the real-time integrated optimization method reduces the installed thrust loss by 3.61%under the design condition,and 4.58%under the off-design condition.Furthermore,the simulation on HIL(Hardware-In-theLoop)platform verifies the real-time performance of integrated optimization method.展开更多
The exploration and development theory and technology of marine shale gas with shallow burial depth of 3500 m in South China has become mature after more than 10 years of practice.In order to continuously promote the ...The exploration and development theory and technology of marine shale gas with shallow burial depth of 3500 m in South China has become mature after more than 10 years of practice.In order to continuously promote the exploration and development of shale gas in China,based on the research results of many scholars,combined with production practice,the main characteristics of marine shale gas in China and the main theory and technology of exploration and development are further summarized.The results show that:(1)The basic characteristics of marine shale gas in southern China are marine deep-water shelf deposition,and organic-rich shale is distributed continuously in a large area;The organic matter is stored in situ after high thermal maturity gas generation,and the gas content of shale is affected by late tectonic activity;The reservoir space is dominated by nano-scale pores,and the reservoir is super-tight and ultra-low permeability,which has no natural productivity without well stimulation;Bedding and natural fracture affect the productivity of shale gas wells;The mechanical properties of shale rock determine the effect of horizontal wells.In the early stage of well production,the production rate is high and the decline is fast,while in the middle and late stage,the rate is low but the production cycle is long.(2)Based on the above characteristics,the theory of“sweet spot”and“sweet interval”of shale gas and the theory of effective development of artificial gas reservoir are established,that is,the sedimentary and tectonic interaction forms the“sweet area”or“sweet spot”of marine shale gas.Gas productivity is determined by geological and engineering factors,so the“sweet spot”must be found to develop.By constructing artificial gas reservoir through“making an artificial high permeability area,and reconstructing a seepage field”,the effective development of ultra-tight and low permeability shale gas reservoirs can be realized.It is the most effective technique for shale gas development to accurately create“transparent geological body”of reservoirs based on geologyengineering integrated evaluation technology and establish artificial gas reservoir through multi-stage fracturing technology.(3)The overpressure area in the southern Sichuan Basin is the“sweet area”for shale gas development.The“sweet interval”of the lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation with a thickness of 3e5 m and high brittle-rich organic matter is the optimal“golden target”for horizontal wells.(4)The development leapfrog from the first generation to the second generation has been realized by the key technology of multi-stage fracturing of horizontal wells.The EUR per well of Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan has increased from 0.5108 m3 in the initial stage to 1.0108 e1.2108 m3 at present with a buried depth of shallower than 3500 m.(5)The effective area favorable for shale gas development in southern Sichuan is 2.0104 km2,and it is estimated that the proven geological reserves of shale gas can reach 101012 m3.It is preliminarily predicted that the shale gas production in China will exceed 300108 m3 in 2025 and reach 400108 m3 in 2035.展开更多
Artificial intelligent aided design and manufacturing have been recognized as one kind of robust data-driven and data-intensive technologies in the integrated computational material engi-neering(ICME)era.Motivated by ...Artificial intelligent aided design and manufacturing have been recognized as one kind of robust data-driven and data-intensive technologies in the integrated computational material engi-neering(ICME)era.Motivated by the dramatical developments of the services of China Railway High-speed series for more than a decade,it is essential to reveal the foundations of lifecycle man-agement of those trains under environmental conditions.Here,the smart design and manufacturing of welded Q350 steel frames of CR200J series are introduced,presenting the capability and opportu-nity of ICME in weight reduction and lifecycle management at a cost-effective approach.In order to address the required fatigue life time enduring more than 9×10^(6)km,the response of optimized frames to the static and the dynamic loads are comprehensively investigated.It is highlighted that the maximum residual stress of the optimized welded frame is reduced to 69 MPa from 477 MPa of previous existing one.Based on the measured stress and acceleration from the railways,the fatigue life of modified frame under various loading modes could fulfil the requirements of the lifecycle man-agement.Moreover,our recent developed intelligent quality control strategy of welding process mediated by machine learning is also introduced,envisioning its application in the intelligent weld-ing.展开更多
The paper points out that the science and technology, social productivity and economic form are the decisive strengths in facilitating the reformation of the production method of the manufacturing industry. This kind ...The paper points out that the science and technology, social productivity and economic form are the decisive strengths in facilitating the reformation of the production method of the manufacturing industry. This kind of strength happens through making an influence on the theory of management and science. It analyses the stage and the characteristic of the development model of manufacturing industry of human society, and on this basis does the detailed research on the several patterns of the advanced manufacturing theory and practice： the computer integrated making, concurrent engineering, lean production, agile manufacturing, planning of enterprise resources, global manufacturing. Finally, it thinks that the development model of the advanced manufacture theory and practice embodies a continuous curve of the technical innovation, which is on the basis of the theory of management science.展开更多
In conjunction with the NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA),the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst invi...In conjunction with the NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA),the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst invites applications for a tenure-track position in Integrative Systems Engineering(ISE) at the Assistant Professor level to begin September 2009.展开更多
A new business concept that offers products and services in a different way of traditional product-sales businesses is getting more attention especially in manufacturing industries. This paper investigates how this ne...A new business concept that offers products and services in a different way of traditional product-sales businesses is getting more attention especially in manufacturing industries. This paper investigates how this new business by means of integration of products and services is achieved in Germany and Italy. In addition, it analyzes the differences according to the company sizes. The results include that this type of business is in many cases motivated by their focus on customers and often consists of physical products and their maintenance. The Italian companies, as opposed to the German ones, often design their physical products specifically for this type of offers. From the analysis based on the size difference, small companies are found to achieve specific design for this type of offers while owning physical products. There do not seem to be any established methods or tools developed to support the development of such offers and within such methods/tools there would be room for more adaptation in form of physical product design.展开更多
The growing interest in the material flow(MF)theory has invoked much interesting research in recent years.Although the MF theory is relatively new,a review of the related literature from a historical perspective shows...The growing interest in the material flow(MF)theory has invoked much interesting research in recent years.Although the MF theory is relatively new,a review of the related literature from a historical perspective shows that MF theory represents a new stage of the evolutionary development of interrelated subjects such as Physical Distribution(PD),Logistics,and Supply Chain Management(SCM).The purpose of this paper is to provide a summative review of the evolution of the subjects of PD,Logistics,and SCM,and their new development,MF theory.The paper aims at tracing how concepts and findings in PD,Logistics,SCM,and MF have been developed and have evolved.The study shows that PD evolved to Logistics in middle of the 1980s;starting from the late 1990s,Logistics has evolved to SCM;and today PD,Logistics,and SCM can be considered to be under the umbrella provided by a new theory called MF theory.This paper points out that MF theory is a necessity to deal with the overwhelming complexity of material flow systems in the global economy of the twenty-first century.展开更多
文摘Casing deformation is a widespread problem in a certain block of Jiaoshiba Shale Gas Field in Sichuan Basin,China,and it severely limits the development benefits of shale gas in that block.Based on the spatiotemporal characteristics of block formation,fracture development,and casing deformation occurrence,this paper employs an integrated geological—engineering research approach to identify the primary mechanisms governing casing deformation within the block and proposes countermeasures to prevent such deformation.The present research indicates the following findings:(1)The block has undergone multiple phases of tectonic superposition,with fracture development serving as the geological factor causing casing deformation.(2)Fracturing activation constitutes the engineering factor causing casing deformation,with 4 mm of formation slip inducing deformation.(3)The fracture activation risk map shows that Class Ⅰ and Class Ⅱ fractures account for 73.36%of the total recorded in the block.Within the most susceptible Class I risk zone,the critical activation pressure increment for fracturing operations ranges from 13.43 MPa to 13.99 MPa.Based on the distribution of casing failure risk zones identified in the fracture activation risk map,this paper proposes relevant technical countermeasures for preventing casing failure from three perspectives:shale gas well location deployment,drilling techniques,and fracturing techniques.These measures provide robust support for safeguarding the integrity of casing systems within the studied block.
基金This project is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70372062)Tianjin City Key Technologies R&D Program(No.04310881R)New Century Excellent Talent Program of Education Ministry of China(No.NCET-04-0240).
文摘The relationship between major quality tools such as quality function development （QFD）, failure mode and effects analysis （FMEA）, design of experiments （DOE） and statistical process control （SPC） is analyzed through an extensive review of the literature and the concurrent quality engineering philosophy, and a basic structure for the integration of quality tools is presented. An integrated quality management system （IQMS） is developed using C＋＋ Builder, running in the Windows 2000 Server environment with the basic internet connections, and SQL Server 2000 as the platform for developing the database, An illustrative example applying IQMS to the continuous quality improvement for a crane equipment manufacturing is reported. The result shows that the application of IQMS can optimize the process of design and manufacturing, shorten the cycle time of product, reduce the cost, and realize quality improvement continuously, The proposed integrated framework with IOMS is believed to be applicable to continuous quality improvement in many manufacturing companies.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074246)the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(No.JCKY2020408B002)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(No.202102050201011)the Shanxi Province Graduate Innovation Project(No.2021Y591).
文摘Casting technology is a fundamental and irreplaceable method in advanced manufacturing.The design and optimization of casting processes are crucial for producing high-performance,complex metal components.Transitioning from traditional process design based on"experience+experiment"to an integrated,intelligent approach is essential for achieving precise control over microstructure and properties.This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of intelligent casting process design and optimization for the first time.First,it explores process design methods based on casting simulation and integrated computational materials engineering(ICME).It then examines the application of machine learning(ML)in process design,highlighting its efficiency and existing challenges,along with the development of integrated intelligent design platforms.Finally,future research directions are discussed to drive further advancements and sustainable development in intelligent casting design and optimization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52073030)。
文摘Integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)is to integrate multi-scale computational simulations and key experimental methods such as macroscopic,mesoscopic,and microscopic into the whole process of Al alloys design and development,which enables the design and development of Al alloys to upgrade from traditional empirical to the integration of compositionprocess-structure-mechanical property,thus greatly accelerating its development speed and reducing its development cost.This study combines calculation of phase diagram(CALPHAD),Finite element calculations,first principle calculations,and microstructure characterization methods to predict and regulate the formation and structure of composite precipitates from the design of highmodulus Al alloy compositions and optimize the casting process parameters to inhibit the formation of micropore defects in the casting process,and the final tensile strength of Al alloys reaches420 MPa and Young's modulus reaches more than 88 GPa,which achieves the design goal of the high strength and modulus Al alloys,and establishes a new mode of the design and development of the strength/modulus Al alloys.
文摘I firmly believe that of systems engineering is the requirement-driven force for the progress ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies. The development ofsoftware engineering, artificial intelligence and electronic technologies is the technical supportfor the progress of systems engineering. INTEGRATION can be considered as "bridging" the ex-isting technologies and the People together into a coordinated SYSTEM.
文摘This paper describes how database information and electronic 3D models are integrated to produce power plant designs more efficiently and accurately. Engineering CAD/CAE systems have evolved from strictly 3D modeling to spatial data management tools. This paper describes how process data, commodities, and location data are disseminated to the various project team members through a central integrated database. The database and 3D model also provide a cache of information that is valuable to the constructor, and operations and maintenance Personnel.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers:51821092 and U1762214)。
文摘With the basic characteristics of conventional horizontal wells,the so-called complex wells including horizontal extended-reach wells,multi-lateral horizontal wells,U-shaped wells,cluster horizontal wells,etc.,are advanced well types for the efficient development of low-permeability,unconventional,deep-water,and deep oil and gas reservoirs,which have been highly concerned all over the world.Significant progress at home and abroad has been made in relevant researches and practices and is expected to play an important role in the efficient development of shale oil and gas.To meet the basic needs of environment&safety,land conservation,cost reducing and efficiency improving,it is urgent to create a unique and efficient mode for developing shale gas.Therefore,an efficient shale gas development mode for mountainous areas and an engineering and technical support system are presented based on large cluster horizontal-well engineering.An equation is thus obtained for calculating the maximum number of horizontal wells arranged allowably in“Well Factory”on a single platform.The general research and development of large extended-reach well technology are analyzed by expounding the basic concept of an extended-reach well and its drilling extension limit.And a calculation method is thus established to predict the maximum measured depth of open hole in extended-reach drilling.Moreover,some relevant research results and their significance for downhole tubular mechanics&mechanical extension limits in extended-reach drilling are also briefly introduced in this paper.The conclusions are drawn that,by following the idea of“integration of geology and engineering”in oil and gas development,these research results have a foreseeable application prospect in shale gas development in the mountainous areas in the future,and will contribute to new progress in China's“Shale Revolution”.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3702500)。
文摘Metal additive manufacturing(MAM)technology has experienced rapid development in recent years.As both equipment and materials progress towards increased maturity and commercialization,material metallurgy technology based on high energy sources has become a key factor influencing the future development of MAM.The calculation of phase diagrams(CALPHAD)is an essential method and tool for constructing multi-component phase diagrams by employing experimental phase diagrams and Gibbs free energy models of simple systems.By combining with the element mobility data and non-equilibrium phase transition model,it has been widely used in the analysis of traditional metal materials.The development of CALPHAD application technology for MAM is focused on the compositional design of printable materials,the reduction of metallurgical imperfections,and the control of microstructural attributes.This endeavor carries considerable theoretical and practical significance.This paper summarizes the important achievements of CALPHAD in additive manufacturing(AM)technology in recent years,including material design,process parameter optimization,microstructure evolution simulation,and properties prediction.Finally,the limitations of applying CALPHAD technology to MAM technology are discussed,along with prospective research directions.
基金Key Specialized Research and Development-International Science and Technology Cooperation Program in Henan Province,Grant/Award Number:231111520500Program for Science&Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province,Grant/Award Number:24HASTIT009+2 种基金The 111 Project,Grant/Award Number:D17007National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52072114,52271176Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists,Grant/Award Number:GZS2022017。
文摘Electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR)offers a promising strategy for CO_(2) conversion into value-added C2+products and facilitates the storage of renewable resources under comparatively mild conditions,but still remains a challenge.Herein,we propose the strategy of surface reconstruction and interface integration engineering to construct tuneable Cu^(0)-Cu^(+)-Cu^(2+)sites and oxygen vacancy oxide derived from CeO_(2)/CuO nanosheets(OD-CeO_(2)/CuO NSs)heterojunction catalysts and promote the activity and selectivity of CO_(2)RR.The optimized OD-CeO_(2)/CuO electrocatalyst shows the maximum Faradic efficiencies for C2+products in the H-type cell,which reaches 69.8%at−1.25 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).Advanced characterization analysis and density functional theory(DFT)calculations further confirm the fact that the existence of oxygen vacancies and Cu^(0)-Cu^(+)-Cu^(2+)sites modified with CeO_(2) is conducive to CO_(2) adsorption and activation,enhances the hydrogenation of^(*)CO to^(*)CHO,and further promotes the dimerization of^(*)CHO,thus promoting the selectivity of C2+generation.This facile interface integration and surface reconstruction strategy provides an ideal strategy to guide the design of CO_(2)RR electrocatalysts.
文摘In 2023,Nobel Prize in Physiology/Medicine awarded the mRNA vaccine technology.The synthetic vaccine prepared by encapsu-lating the modified mRNA within cationic lipid nanocarriers signif-icantly reduces the risk of death from coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).In 2024,Kavli Prize recognizes the pioneering work of integrating engineered nanocarriers with biological functions for biomedical applications.The development of nanomedicine has changed the ways we approach the fundamental understand-ing,diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of diseases.These suc-cessful cases brought great excitement to the field of nanomedicine;however,many challenges still remain.In particular,it is critical to optimize nanocarriers to improve delivery effi-ciency and selectivity as well as reduce toxic side effects.
文摘The exploration and development of marine shale gas reservoirs in South China is challenged by complex geological and geographical conditions,such as strong transformation,post maturity,complex mountains and humanity.In this paper,the evaluations on shale gas sweet spots conducted in Zhaotong demonstration zone in the past six years and the construction of 500 million m 3 shale gas productivity in Huangjinba region were discussed,and the results of shale gas reservoir evaluations in China and abroad were investigated.Accordingly,it is proposed that another two key indicators be taken into consideration in the evaluation on shale gas sweet spots in marine mountains in South China,i.e.shale gas preservation conditions and pore pressure,and the research on ground stress and natural microfracture systems should be strengthened.Then,systematic analysis was conducted by integrating shale gas multidisciplinary data and geological and engineering integration study was carried out.Finally,a 3D model,which was composed of“geophysics,reservoir geology,fracture system and rock geomechanics”,was established for shale gas reservoirs.Application practice shows that the geological engineering integration and the 3D reservoir modeling are effective methods for evaluating the shale gas sweet spots in complex marine mountains in South China.Besides,based on shale gas sweet spot evaluation,3D spatial congruency and superposition effects of multiple attributes and multiple evaluation parameters are presented.Moreover,the short-plate principle is the factor controlling the distribution patterns and evaluation results of shale gas sweet spots.It is concluded that this comprehensive evaluation method is innovative and effective in avoiding complex geological and engineering risks,so it is of guiding significance in exploration and development of marine shale gas in South China.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project(2016ZX05023,2017ZX05013-005)。
文摘By reviewing the development history of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of PetroChina Company Limited(PetroChina),we have systematically summarized the main progress of shale oil reservoir stimulation technology of CNPC in five aspects:reservoir stimulation mechanism,fracture-controlled fracturing,geological-engineering integrated reservoir stimulation design platform,low-cost materials,and large well-pad three-dimensional development mode.It is made clear that the major stimulation technology for shale oil reservoir is the high density multi-cluster and fracture-controlled staged fracturing aiming to increase fracture-controlled reserves,lower operation costs and increase economic benefits.Based on comprehensive analysis of the challenges shale oil reservoir stimulation technology faces in three-dimensional development,stimulation parameter optimization for fracture-controlled fracturing,refracturing and low-cost stimulation technology,we proposed five development directions of the stimulation technology:(1)Strengthen the research on integration of geology and engineering to make full use of reservoir stimulation.(2)Deepen the study on fracture-controlled fracturing to improve reserves development degree.(3)Promote horizontal well three-dimensional development of shale oil to realize the production of multiple layers vertically.(4)Research refracturing technology of shale oil reservoir through horizontal well to efficiently tap the remaining reserves between fractures.(5)Develop low-cost stimulation supporting technology to help reduce the cost and increase economic benefit of oilfield development.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51906102 and 52176009)the National Science and Technology Major Project, China (Nos. J2019-II-0009-0053, J2019-I-0020-0019 and 2019III-0014-0058)+2 种基金the Innovation Centre for Advanced Aviation Power, China (Nos. HKCX2020-02-022 and HKCX2020-02-027)the Research on the Basic Problem of Intelligent Aero-engine, China (No. 2017-JCJQZD-047-21)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China (No. NZ2020002)
文摘To reduce the propulsion system installation thrust loss under high angle of attack maneuvering,a control method based on real-time optimization of the integrated aeropropulsion is proposed.Firstly,based on data fitting and physical principle,an integrated onboard model of propulsion system is established,which can calculate various performance parameters of the propulsion system in real time,and has high accuracy and real-time performance.Secondly,to improve the compatibility of optimization real-time performance and search accuracy,the online optimization control of aero-propulsion system is realized based on an improved trust region algorithm.Finally,by controlling the auxiliary intake valve,a good match between inlet and engine is realized,which solves the problems of intake flow reducing and total pressure recovery coefficient declining,and improves the installation performance of propulsion system.The simulation results indicate that,compared with the conventional independent engine control,the real-time integrated optimization method reduces the installed thrust loss by 3.61%under the design condition,and 4.58%under the off-design condition.Furthermore,the simulation on HIL(Hardware-In-theLoop)platform verifies the real-time performance of integrated optimization method.
基金Project supported by the Prospective Basic Research Project of CNPC“Exploration and development technologies for marine shale gas”(No.2021DJ19).
文摘The exploration and development theory and technology of marine shale gas with shallow burial depth of 3500 m in South China has become mature after more than 10 years of practice.In order to continuously promote the exploration and development of shale gas in China,based on the research results of many scholars,combined with production practice,the main characteristics of marine shale gas in China and the main theory and technology of exploration and development are further summarized.The results show that:(1)The basic characteristics of marine shale gas in southern China are marine deep-water shelf deposition,and organic-rich shale is distributed continuously in a large area;The organic matter is stored in situ after high thermal maturity gas generation,and the gas content of shale is affected by late tectonic activity;The reservoir space is dominated by nano-scale pores,and the reservoir is super-tight and ultra-low permeability,which has no natural productivity without well stimulation;Bedding and natural fracture affect the productivity of shale gas wells;The mechanical properties of shale rock determine the effect of horizontal wells.In the early stage of well production,the production rate is high and the decline is fast,while in the middle and late stage,the rate is low but the production cycle is long.(2)Based on the above characteristics,the theory of“sweet spot”and“sweet interval”of shale gas and the theory of effective development of artificial gas reservoir are established,that is,the sedimentary and tectonic interaction forms the“sweet area”or“sweet spot”of marine shale gas.Gas productivity is determined by geological and engineering factors,so the“sweet spot”must be found to develop.By constructing artificial gas reservoir through“making an artificial high permeability area,and reconstructing a seepage field”,the effective development of ultra-tight and low permeability shale gas reservoirs can be realized.It is the most effective technique for shale gas development to accurately create“transparent geological body”of reservoirs based on geologyengineering integrated evaluation technology and establish artificial gas reservoir through multi-stage fracturing technology.(3)The overpressure area in the southern Sichuan Basin is the“sweet area”for shale gas development.The“sweet interval”of the lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation with a thickness of 3e5 m and high brittle-rich organic matter is the optimal“golden target”for horizontal wells.(4)The development leapfrog from the first generation to the second generation has been realized by the key technology of multi-stage fracturing of horizontal wells.The EUR per well of Upper Ordovician Wufeng Formation and Longmaxi Formation in southern Sichuan has increased from 0.5108 m3 in the initial stage to 1.0108 e1.2108 m3 at present with a buried depth of shallower than 3500 m.(5)The effective area favorable for shale gas development in southern Sichuan is 2.0104 km2,and it is estimated that the proven geological reserves of shale gas can reach 101012 m3.It is preliminarily predicted that the shale gas production in China will exceed 300108 m3 in 2025 and reach 400108 m3 in 2035.
基金supported by the National Basic Scientific Research Project of China (No.JCKY2020607B003)CRRC (No.202CDA001)
文摘Artificial intelligent aided design and manufacturing have been recognized as one kind of robust data-driven and data-intensive technologies in the integrated computational material engi-neering(ICME)era.Motivated by the dramatical developments of the services of China Railway High-speed series for more than a decade,it is essential to reveal the foundations of lifecycle man-agement of those trains under environmental conditions.Here,the smart design and manufacturing of welded Q350 steel frames of CR200J series are introduced,presenting the capability and opportu-nity of ICME in weight reduction and lifecycle management at a cost-effective approach.In order to address the required fatigue life time enduring more than 9×10^(6)km,the response of optimized frames to the static and the dynamic loads are comprehensively investigated.It is highlighted that the maximum residual stress of the optimized welded frame is reduced to 69 MPa from 477 MPa of previous existing one.Based on the measured stress and acceleration from the railways,the fatigue life of modified frame under various loading modes could fulfil the requirements of the lifecycle man-agement.Moreover,our recent developed intelligent quality control strategy of welding process mediated by machine learning is also introduced,envisioning its application in the intelligent weld-ing.
文摘The paper points out that the science and technology, social productivity and economic form are the decisive strengths in facilitating the reformation of the production method of the manufacturing industry. This kind of strength happens through making an influence on the theory of management and science. It analyses the stage and the characteristic of the development model of manufacturing industry of human society, and on this basis does the detailed research on the several patterns of the advanced manufacturing theory and practice： the computer integrated making, concurrent engineering, lean production, agile manufacturing, planning of enterprise resources, global manufacturing. Finally, it thinks that the development model of the advanced manufacture theory and practice embodies a continuous curve of the technical innovation, which is on the basis of the theory of management science.
文摘In conjunction with the NSF Engineering Research Center for Collaborative Adaptive Sensing of the Atmosphere (CASA),the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Massachusetts Amherst invites applications for a tenure-track position in Integrative Systems Engineering(ISE) at the Assistant Professor level to begin September 2009.
基金supported by a Research Fellowship Program by Alexander von Humboldt Foundation in Germany,by VINNOVAthe Swedish Agency for Innovation Systemsthe Swedish Association of Graduate Engineers(Sveriges Ingenjrer),The original version was presented on ICSSSM'06.
文摘A new business concept that offers products and services in a different way of traditional product-sales businesses is getting more attention especially in manufacturing industries. This paper investigates how this new business by means of integration of products and services is achieved in Germany and Italy. In addition, it analyzes the differences according to the company sizes. The results include that this type of business is in many cases motivated by their focus on customers and often consists of physical products and their maintenance. The Italian companies, as opposed to the German ones, often design their physical products specifically for this type of offers. From the analysis based on the size difference, small companies are found to achieve specific design for this type of offers while owning physical products. There do not seem to be any established methods or tools developed to support the development of such offers and within such methods/tools there would be room for more adaptation in form of physical product design.
基金This study was supported by the Major Research Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 71132008]Planning Fund Program for Social Science in China,Ministry of Education of China[grant number 10YJA630059]+1 种基金National Key Technology Research and Development Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of China[grant number 2013BAH11F00]the Program of the Institute for Industrial Security in China[grant number B13L00050].
文摘The growing interest in the material flow(MF)theory has invoked much interesting research in recent years.Although the MF theory is relatively new,a review of the related literature from a historical perspective shows that MF theory represents a new stage of the evolutionary development of interrelated subjects such as Physical Distribution(PD),Logistics,and Supply Chain Management(SCM).The purpose of this paper is to provide a summative review of the evolution of the subjects of PD,Logistics,and SCM,and their new development,MF theory.The paper aims at tracing how concepts and findings in PD,Logistics,SCM,and MF have been developed and have evolved.The study shows that PD evolved to Logistics in middle of the 1980s;starting from the late 1990s,Logistics has evolved to SCM;and today PD,Logistics,and SCM can be considered to be under the umbrella provided by a new theory called MF theory.This paper points out that MF theory is a necessity to deal with the overwhelming complexity of material flow systems in the global economy of the twenty-first century.
