Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,has spread globally and threatens public health.Advanced in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning ...Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,has spread globally and threatens public health.Advanced in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning of specific tissues and organs are in high demand for COVID-19-related pathology studies and drug screening.Since three-dimensional in vitro cultures,such as self-assembled and engineered organoid cultures,surpass conventional two-dimensional cultures and animal models with respect to increased cellular complexity,an environment more relevant to humans,and reduced cost,they are promising platforms for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing new therapeutics.This review highlights the recent advances in self-assembled and engineered organoid technologies that are used for COVID-19 studies.The challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.展开更多
Sebaceous glands(SGs),as holocrine-secreting appendages,lubricate the skin and play a central role in the skin barrier.Large full-thickness skin defects cause overall architecture disruption and SG loss.However,an eff...Sebaceous glands(SGs),as holocrine-secreting appendages,lubricate the skin and play a central role in the skin barrier.Large full-thickness skin defects cause overall architecture disruption and SG loss.However,an effective strategy for SG regeneration is lacking.Organoids are 3D multicellular structures that replicate key anatomical and functional characteristics of in vivo tissues and exhibit great potential in regenerative medicine.Recently,considerable progress has been made in developing reliable procedures for SG organoids and existing SG organoids recapitulate the main morphological,structural and functional features of their in vivo counterparts.Engineering approaches empower researchers to manipulate cell behaviors,the surrounding environment and cell-environment crosstalk within the culture system as needed.These techniques can be applied to the SG organoid culture system to generate functionally more competent SG organoids.This review aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in SG organoid engineering.It highlights some potential strategies for SG organoid functionalization that are promising to forge a platform for engineering vascularized,innervated,immune-interactive and lipogenic SG organoids.We anticipate that this review will not only contribute to improving our understanding of SG biology and regeneration but also facilitate the transition of the SG organoid from laboratory research to a feasible clinical application.展开更多
基金This research was partially supported by the US National Science Foundation(No.1762941)the US National Institutes ofHealth(Nos.5R21HL162405,U54CA233396,U54CA233444,and U54CA233465).
文摘Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,has spread globally and threatens public health.Advanced in vitro models that recapitulate the architecture and functioning of specific tissues and organs are in high demand for COVID-19-related pathology studies and drug screening.Since three-dimensional in vitro cultures,such as self-assembled and engineered organoid cultures,surpass conventional two-dimensional cultures and animal models with respect to increased cellular complexity,an environment more relevant to humans,and reduced cost,they are promising platforms for understanding viral pathogenesis and developing new therapeutics.This review highlights the recent advances in self-assembled and engineered organoid technologies that are used for COVID-19 studies.The challenges and future perspectives are also discussed.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92268206,81830064)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS,2019-I2M-5-059)+2 种基金the Military Medical Research Projects(145AKJ260015000X,2022-JCJQ-ZB-09600,2020-JCJQ-ZD-256-021)the Military Medical Research and Development Projects(AWS17J005,2019-126)the Specific Research Fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province(YSPTZX202317).
文摘Sebaceous glands(SGs),as holocrine-secreting appendages,lubricate the skin and play a central role in the skin barrier.Large full-thickness skin defects cause overall architecture disruption and SG loss.However,an effective strategy for SG regeneration is lacking.Organoids are 3D multicellular structures that replicate key anatomical and functional characteristics of in vivo tissues and exhibit great potential in regenerative medicine.Recently,considerable progress has been made in developing reliable procedures for SG organoids and existing SG organoids recapitulate the main morphological,structural and functional features of their in vivo counterparts.Engineering approaches empower researchers to manipulate cell behaviors,the surrounding environment and cell-environment crosstalk within the culture system as needed.These techniques can be applied to the SG organoid culture system to generate functionally more competent SG organoids.This review aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in SG organoid engineering.It highlights some potential strategies for SG organoid functionalization that are promising to forge a platform for engineering vascularized,innervated,immune-interactive and lipogenic SG organoids.We anticipate that this review will not only contribute to improving our understanding of SG biology and regeneration but also facilitate the transition of the SG organoid from laboratory research to a feasible clinical application.
