Biochar,a carbon-rich material produced from biomass waste through thermal conversion,holds great environmental promise.This article offers a comprehensive overview of the various feedstocks used in biochar production...Biochar,a carbon-rich material produced from biomass waste through thermal conversion,holds great environmental promise.This article offers a comprehensive overview of the various feedstocks used in biochar production,the different types of thermal degradation processes,biochar characterization,properties,modifications to engineered materials,and their applications in the environment.The quality of biochar,including surface area,pore size and volume,and functional group formation,is significantly influenced by the specific conditions under which thermal conversion takes place.Each of the diverse processes employed to produce biochar yields a distinct set of properties in the final product.In recent years,biochar has gained widespread recognition and utilization in diverse fields such as wastewater treatment,carbon sequestration,reduction of greenhouse gas emissions,biogas production,catalysis in biofuel industries,construction,and soil enhancement.In summary,biochar is a promising environmental mitigation tool to achieve a sustainable environment.In addition to its benefits,the application of biochar presents several challenges,including the selection of feedstocks,methods of biochar production,modifications to biochar,the properties of biochar,and the specific applications of biochar.The current review summarizes factors that could lead to significant advancements in future applications.展开更多
Additive manufacturing(AM)technology has revolutionized engineering field by enabling the creation of intricate,high-performance structures that were once difficult or impossible to fabricate.This transformative techn...Additive manufacturing(AM)technology has revolutionized engineering field by enabling the creation of intricate,high-performance structures that were once difficult or impossible to fabricate.This transformative technology has particularly advanced the development of metamaterials-engineered materials whose unique properties arise from their structure rather than composition-unlocking immense potential in fields ranging from aerospace to biomedical engineering.展开更多
Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for...Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.展开更多
Digital twins(DTs)are rapidly emerging as transformative tools in materials science and engineering,enabling real-time data integration,predictive modeling,and virtual testing.This study presents a systematic bibliome...Digital twins(DTs)are rapidly emerging as transformative tools in materials science and engineering,enabling real-time data integration,predictive modeling,and virtual testing.This study presents a systematic bibliometric review of 1106 peer-reviewed articles published in the last decade in Scopus and Web of Science.Using a five-stage methodology,the review examines publication trends,thematic areas,citation metrics,and keyword patterns.The results reveal exponential growth in scientific output,with Materials Theory,Computation,and Data Science as the most represented area.A thematic analysis of the most cited documents identifies four major research streams:foundational frameworks,DTs in additive manufacturing,sector-specific applications,and intelligent production systems.Keyword co-occurrence and strategic mapping show a strong foundation in modeling,simulation,and optimization,with growing links to machine learning and sustainability.The review highlights current challenges and proposes future research directions for advancing DTs in materials science.展开更多
Purpose–This study aims to carry out optimization and improvement work on the artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging tests of elastic expansion joints in railway concrete bridges.Design/methodology/approach–...Purpose–This study aims to carry out optimization and improvement work on the artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging tests of elastic expansion joints in railway concrete bridges.Design/methodology/approach–Three polyurethane elastomer specimens with different chemical compositions were adopted.According to relevant standard regulations,the aging test process was analyzed and evaluated in detail,and reasonable improvement suggestions were put forward.The effectiveness was verified through actual tests.Findings–The final test results indicate that the combination of artificial climate aging tests and ultraviolet aging tests is technically feasible and has significant advantages in practical applications.Originality/value–This study optimizes the conditions of artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging tests,compares the advantages and disadvantages of different aging test methods,and proposes a combined test scheme of artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging and verifies its effectiveness.The results provide valuable reference for simulating the actual aging behavior of polyurethane elastomers,material performance evaluation,and application in railway bridge engineering.It is conducive to promoting the reasonable application of this material in engineering,improving engineering quality,reducing costs,and has economic and social benefits.展开更多
Casting technology is a fundamental and irreplaceable method in advanced manufacturing.The design and optimization of casting processes are crucial for producing high-performance,complex metal components.Transitioning...Casting technology is a fundamental and irreplaceable method in advanced manufacturing.The design and optimization of casting processes are crucial for producing high-performance,complex metal components.Transitioning from traditional process design based on"experience+experiment"to an integrated,intelligent approach is essential for achieving precise control over microstructure and properties.This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of intelligent casting process design and optimization for the first time.First,it explores process design methods based on casting simulation and integrated computational materials engineering(ICME).It then examines the application of machine learning(ML)in process design,highlighting its efficiency and existing challenges,along with the development of integrated intelligent design platforms.Finally,future research directions are discussed to drive further advancements and sustainable development in intelligent casting design and optimization.展开更多
To foster sustainable development,a pivotal trend lies in harnessing sustainable energy supplies that propel modern economic and societal progress.Recent advancements in living materials for energy applications have s...To foster sustainable development,a pivotal trend lies in harnessing sustainable energy supplies that propel modern economic and societal progress.Recent advancements in living materials for energy applications have sparked a groundbreaking research area:engineered living energy materials(ELEMs),which seamlessly integrate biological and artificial systems for efficient energy conversion and storage.To consolidate and propel this research area,herein,we summarize and delve into the evolution of ELEMs.Firstly,we provide an overview of the structural features and energy conversion mechanisms employed by biomodules spanning proteins,organelles,and entire organisms.They can be directly used as components for constructing ELEMs or provide inspirations for the design of such entities.Then,we comprehensively review the latest research strides in ELEMs based on their distinct energy conversion modes.Finally,we discuss the challenges confronting ELEMs and envision their future trajectories.The progress of ELEMs holds immense potential to catalyze interdisciplinary research endeavors encompassing medicine,environmental science,and energy technologies.展开更多
Donghua University develops novel photothermal fabric to address freshwater crisis 2D photothermal membranes have demonstrated numerous advantages in solar desalination due to their flexibility,scalability,and low cos...Donghua University develops novel photothermal fabric to address freshwater crisis 2D photothermal membranes have demonstrated numerous advantages in solar desalination due to their flexibility,scalability,and low cost.However,their practical applications are limited by the restricted evaporation area and obstructed vapor channels.The research team led by Chen Zhigang,a researcher from the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials and the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Donghua University,has designed a novel biomimetic photothermal fabric,which is composed of two carbon-nanotube-hydrogel-coated polyester(PET)fabrics separated by fiber pillars,with the upper fabric layer having a hole array as stomatal channels.This fabric shows high solar-absorption efficiency(96.1%)and decreased water-evaporation enthalpy(1664.6 kJ kg^(-1)).展开更多
Landscape architecture engineering materials change rapidly. Glass is a kind of isotropic amorphous homogeneous non-crystal materials which are of diverse types, complex composition, plasticity, mirror property, abras...Landscape architecture engineering materials change rapidly. Glass is a kind of isotropic amorphous homogeneous non-crystal materials which are of diverse types, complex composition, plasticity, mirror property, abrasion resistance, durability and texture. Therefore, more attention should be paid on the application of land- scape materials.展开更多
Closing the carbon loop,through CO_(2)capture and utilization,is a promising route to mitigate climate change.Solar energy is a sustainable energy source which can be exploited to drive catalytic reactions for utilizi...Closing the carbon loop,through CO_(2)capture and utilization,is a promising route to mitigate climate change.Solar energy is a sustainable energy source which can be exploited to drive catalytic reactions for utilizing CO_(2),including converting the CO_(2)into useful products.Solar energy can be harnessed through a range of different pathways to valorize CO_(2).Whilst using solar energy to drive CO_(2)reduction has vast potential to promote catalytic CO_(2)conversions,the progress is limited due to the lack of understanding of property-performance relations as well as feasible material engineering approaches.Herein,we outline the various driving forces involved in photothermal CO_(2)catalysis.The heat from solar energy can be utilized to induce CO_(2)catalytic reduction reactions via the photothermal effect.Further,solar energy can act to modify reaction pathways through light-matter interactions.Light-induced chemical functions have demonstrated the ability to regulate intermediary reaction steps,and thus control the reaction selectivity.Photothermal catalyst structures and specific catalyst design strategies are discussed in this context.This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the heat-light synergy and guidance for rational photothermal catalyst design for CO_(2)utilization.展开更多
Because there is neither waste rock nor mill tailings in the gypsum mine, and the buildings on the goaf of gypsum mine are needed to be protected, the research proposed the scheme of the clay filling technology. Gypsu...Because there is neither waste rock nor mill tailings in the gypsum mine, and the buildings on the goaf of gypsum mine are needed to be protected, the research proposed the scheme of the clay filling technology. Gypsum, cement, lime and water glass were used as adhesive, and the strength of different material ratios were investigated in this study. The influence factors of clay strength were obtained in the order of cement, gypsum, water glass and lime. The results show that the cement content is the determinant influence factor, and gypsum has positive effects, while the water glass can enhance both clay strength and the fluidity of the filing slurry. Furthermore, combining chaotic optimization method with neural network, the optimal ratio of composite cementing agent was obtained. The results show that the optimal ratio of water glass, cement, lime and clay (in quality) is 1.17:6.74:4.17:87.92 in the process of bottom self-flow filling, while the optimal ratio is 1.78:9.58:4.71:83.93 for roof-contacted filling. A novel filling process to fill in gypsum mine goaf with clay is established. The engineering practice shows that the filling cost is low, thus, notable economic benefit is achieved.展开更多
The concentrically layered thermal cloaks with isotropic materials could realize the equivalent thermal cloaking effect with Pendry＇s cloak, while the effectiveness is scarcely investigated quantitatively. Here we ex...The concentrically layered thermal cloaks with isotropic materials could realize the equivalent thermal cloaking effect with Pendry＇s cloak, while the effectiveness is scarcely investigated quantitatively. Here we examine the cloaking effectiveness quantitatively by evaluating the standard deviation of the temperature difference between the simulated plane with the layered thermal cloak and Pendry＇s thermal cloak. The design rules for the isotropic materials in terms of thermal conductivity and layer thickness are presented. The present method could quan- titatively evaluate the cloaking effectiveness, and could open avenues for analyzing the cloaking effect, detecting the （anti-） cloaks, etc.展开更多
In order to effectively solve the problem of copyright protection of materials genome engineering data,this paper proposes a method for copyright protection of materials genome engineering data based on zero-watermark...In order to effectively solve the problem of copyright protection of materials genome engineering data,this paper proposes a method for copyright protection of materials genome engineering data based on zero-watermarking technology.First,the important attribute values are selected from the materials genome engineering database;then,use the method of remainder to group the selected attribute values and extract eigenvalues;then,the eigenvalues sequence is obtained by the majority election method;finally,XOR the sequence with the actual copyright information to obtain the watermarking information and store it in the third-party authentication center.When a copyright dispute requires copyright authentication for the database to be detected.First,the zero-watermarking construction algorithm is used to obtain an eigenvalues sequence;then,this sequence is XORed with the watermarking information stored in the third-party authentication center to obtain copyright information to-be-detected.Finally,the ownership is determined by calculating the similarity between copyright information to-be-detected and copyright information that has practical significance.The experimental result shows that the zero-watermarking method proposed in this paper can effectively resist various common attacks,and can well achieve the copyright protection of material genome engineering database.展开更多
Chongqing University is located inChongqing City,Sichuan Province.Foundedoriginally in 1929,the university has sincethen greatly expanded in its scope ofeducation and organization.Now it becomesone of China’s key uni...Chongqing University is located inChongqing City,Sichuan Province.Foundedoriginally in 1929,the university has sincethen greatly expanded in its scope ofeducation and organization.Now it becomesone of China’s key universities of scienceand engineering with 18 departments and38 specialities.In addition it has 20 researchinstitutes and about one hundred laboratories.The department of metallurgy and ma-terials engineering of Chongqing University展开更多
Integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)is to integrate multi-scale computational simulations and key experimental methods such as macroscopic,mesoscopic,and microscopic into the whole process of Al alloys...Integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)is to integrate multi-scale computational simulations and key experimental methods such as macroscopic,mesoscopic,and microscopic into the whole process of Al alloys design and development,which enables the design and development of Al alloys to upgrade from traditional empirical to the integration of compositionprocess-structure-mechanical property,thus greatly accelerating its development speed and reducing its development cost.This study combines calculation of phase diagram(CALPHAD),Finite element calculations,first principle calculations,and microstructure characterization methods to predict and regulate the formation and structure of composite precipitates from the design of highmodulus Al alloy compositions and optimize the casting process parameters to inhibit the formation of micropore defects in the casting process,and the final tensile strength of Al alloys reaches420 MPa and Young's modulus reaches more than 88 GPa,which achieves the design goal of the high strength and modulus Al alloys,and establishes a new mode of the design and development of the strength/modulus Al alloys.展开更多
New materials are fundamental to the growth,security,and quality of life of human being sand open doors to technologies in civil,chemical,nuclear,aeronautical,mechanical,biomedical,and electrical engineering.Creative ...New materials are fundamental to the growth,security,and quality of life of human being sand open doors to technologies in civil,chemical,nuclear,aeronautical,mechanical,biomedical,and electrical engineering.Creative companies use multiple materials in the development of their activities,such as solid stone,fiber glass,concrete,and glass reinforced concrete,for example.Based on bibliographic research,the article examines the synergy between materials science&engineering and creative economy.The main argument indicates that this synergy creates solutions and functionalities that add value to existing products and allow the development of new products with competitive advantages.It may also contribute to the preservation of cultural values and promote sustainability.展开更多
This paper analyses the peculiar acting mechanism of artificial neural network (ANN) tech, and explores the great immediate significence for the intelligent sci-tech (IST) to research and develop the nano-tech.
Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation technique that helps to explore the behavior and properties of molecules and atoms. MD has been used in research and development in many spaces, including materials sci...Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation technique that helps to explore the behavior and properties of molecules and atoms. MD has been used in research and development in many spaces, including materials science and engineering and nanotechnology. MD has been proven useful in topics like the nano-engineering of construction materials, correcting graphene planar defects, studying self-assembling bio-materials, and the densification, consolidation, and sintering of nanocrystalline materials.展开更多
基金supported by Tenaga Nasional Berhad(TNB)and Universiti Tenaga Nasional(UNITEN)through the BOLD Refresh Postdoctoral Fellowships under the project code of J510050002-IC-6 BOLDREFRESH2025-Centre of ExcellenceThe authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from Dato’Low Tuck Kwong(DLTK)International Grant 2023 with project code 20238005DLTK.
文摘Biochar,a carbon-rich material produced from biomass waste through thermal conversion,holds great environmental promise.This article offers a comprehensive overview of the various feedstocks used in biochar production,the different types of thermal degradation processes,biochar characterization,properties,modifications to engineered materials,and their applications in the environment.The quality of biochar,including surface area,pore size and volume,and functional group formation,is significantly influenced by the specific conditions under which thermal conversion takes place.Each of the diverse processes employed to produce biochar yields a distinct set of properties in the final product.In recent years,biochar has gained widespread recognition and utilization in diverse fields such as wastewater treatment,carbon sequestration,reduction of greenhouse gas emissions,biogas production,catalysis in biofuel industries,construction,and soil enhancement.In summary,biochar is a promising environmental mitigation tool to achieve a sustainable environment.In addition to its benefits,the application of biochar presents several challenges,including the selection of feedstocks,methods of biochar production,modifications to biochar,the properties of biochar,and the specific applications of biochar.The current review summarizes factors that could lead to significant advancements in future applications.
文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)technology has revolutionized engineering field by enabling the creation of intricate,high-performance structures that were once difficult or impossible to fabricate.This transformative technology has particularly advanced the development of metamaterials-engineered materials whose unique properties arise from their structure rather than composition-unlocking immense potential in fields ranging from aerospace to biomedical engineering.
基金support from the Contract Research(“Development of Breathable Fabrics with Nano-Electrospun Membrane”,CityU ref.:9231419“Research and application of antibacterial and healing-promoting smart nanofiber dressing for children’s burn wounds”,CityU ref:PJ9240111)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(“Study of Multi-Responsive Shape Memory Polyurethane Nanocomposites Inspired by Natural Fibers”,Grant No.51673162)Startup Grant of CityU(“Laboratory of Wearable Materials for Healthcare”,Grant No.9380116).
文摘Radiative cooling systems(RCSs)possess the distinctive capability to dissipate heat energy via solar and thermal radiation,making them suitable for thermal regulation and energy conservation applications,essential for mitigating the energy crisis.A comprehensive review connecting the advancements in engineered radiative cooling systems(ERCSs),encompassing material and structural design as well as thermal and energy-related applications,is currently absent.Herein,this review begins with a concise summary of the essential concepts of ERCSs,followed by an introduction to engineered materials and structures,containing nature-inspired designs,chromatic materials,meta-structural configurations,and multilayered constructions.It subsequently encapsulates the primary applications,including thermal-regulating textiles and energy-saving devices.Next,it highlights the challenges of ERCSs,including maximized thermoregulatory effects,environmental adaptability,scalability and sustainability,and interdisciplinary integration.It seeks to offer direction for forthcoming fundamental research and industrial advancement of radiative cooling systems in real-world applications.
文摘Digital twins(DTs)are rapidly emerging as transformative tools in materials science and engineering,enabling real-time data integration,predictive modeling,and virtual testing.This study presents a systematic bibliometric review of 1106 peer-reviewed articles published in the last decade in Scopus and Web of Science.Using a five-stage methodology,the review examines publication trends,thematic areas,citation metrics,and keyword patterns.The results reveal exponential growth in scientific output,with Materials Theory,Computation,and Data Science as the most represented area.A thematic analysis of the most cited documents identifies four major research streams:foundational frameworks,DTs in additive manufacturing,sector-specific applications,and intelligent production systems.Keyword co-occurrence and strategic mapping show a strong foundation in modeling,simulation,and optimization,with growing links to machine learning and sustainability.The review highlights current challenges and proposes future research directions for advancing DTs in materials science.
文摘Purpose–This study aims to carry out optimization and improvement work on the artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging tests of elastic expansion joints in railway concrete bridges.Design/methodology/approach–Three polyurethane elastomer specimens with different chemical compositions were adopted.According to relevant standard regulations,the aging test process was analyzed and evaluated in detail,and reasonable improvement suggestions were put forward.The effectiveness was verified through actual tests.Findings–The final test results indicate that the combination of artificial climate aging tests and ultraviolet aging tests is technically feasible and has significant advantages in practical applications.Originality/value–This study optimizes the conditions of artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging tests,compares the advantages and disadvantages of different aging test methods,and proposes a combined test scheme of artificial climate aging and ultraviolet aging and verifies its effectiveness.The results provide valuable reference for simulating the actual aging behavior of polyurethane elastomers,material performance evaluation,and application in railway bridge engineering.It is conducive to promoting the reasonable application of this material in engineering,improving engineering quality,reducing costs,and has economic and social benefits.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074246)the National Defense Basic Scientific Research Program of China(No.JCKY2020408B002)+1 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province(No.202102050201011)the Shanxi Province Graduate Innovation Project(No.2021Y591).
文摘Casting technology is a fundamental and irreplaceable method in advanced manufacturing.The design and optimization of casting processes are crucial for producing high-performance,complex metal components.Transitioning from traditional process design based on"experience+experiment"to an integrated,intelligent approach is essential for achieving precise control over microstructure and properties.This paper provides a comprehensive and systematic review of intelligent casting process design and optimization for the first time.First,it explores process design methods based on casting simulation and integrated computational materials engineering(ICME).It then examines the application of machine learning(ML)in process design,highlighting its efficiency and existing challenges,along with the development of integrated intelligent design platforms.Finally,future research directions are discussed to drive further advancements and sustainable development in intelligent casting design and optimization.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(grant numbers 2021YFA0910800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers 32371491,32101180)+1 种基金Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Materials Synthetic Biology grant number ZDSYS20220606100606013 and Key Project of Shenzhen Natural Science Foundation grant number JCYJ20220818101804010)the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(grant number 32125023).
文摘To foster sustainable development,a pivotal trend lies in harnessing sustainable energy supplies that propel modern economic and societal progress.Recent advancements in living materials for energy applications have sparked a groundbreaking research area:engineered living energy materials(ELEMs),which seamlessly integrate biological and artificial systems for efficient energy conversion and storage.To consolidate and propel this research area,herein,we summarize and delve into the evolution of ELEMs.Firstly,we provide an overview of the structural features and energy conversion mechanisms employed by biomodules spanning proteins,organelles,and entire organisms.They can be directly used as components for constructing ELEMs or provide inspirations for the design of such entities.Then,we comprehensively review the latest research strides in ELEMs based on their distinct energy conversion modes.Finally,we discuss the challenges confronting ELEMs and envision their future trajectories.The progress of ELEMs holds immense potential to catalyze interdisciplinary research endeavors encompassing medicine,environmental science,and energy technologies.
文摘Donghua University develops novel photothermal fabric to address freshwater crisis 2D photothermal membranes have demonstrated numerous advantages in solar desalination due to their flexibility,scalability,and low cost.However,their practical applications are limited by the restricted evaporation area and obstructed vapor channels.The research team led by Chen Zhigang,a researcher from the State Key Laboratory of Advanced Fiber Materials and the School of Materials Science and Engineering at Donghua University,has designed a novel biomimetic photothermal fabric,which is composed of two carbon-nanotube-hydrogel-coated polyester(PET)fabrics separated by fiber pillars,with the upper fabric layer having a hole array as stomatal channels.This fabric shows high solar-absorption efficiency(96.1%)and decreased water-evaporation enthalpy(1664.6 kJ kg^(-1)).
文摘Landscape architecture engineering materials change rapidly. Glass is a kind of isotropic amorphous homogeneous non-crystal materials which are of diverse types, complex composition, plasticity, mirror property, abrasion resistance, durability and texture. Therefore, more attention should be paid on the application of land- scape materials.
基金supported by the Australian Research Council(ARC)under the Laureate Fellowship Scheme-FL140100081 and ARC Discovery Project DP170102410the support of Scientia Ph D Scholarship from UNSW Sydneythe support of Australia Government Research Training Program(RTP)Scholarship。
文摘Closing the carbon loop,through CO_(2)capture and utilization,is a promising route to mitigate climate change.Solar energy is a sustainable energy source which can be exploited to drive catalytic reactions for utilizing CO_(2),including converting the CO_(2)into useful products.Solar energy can be harnessed through a range of different pathways to valorize CO_(2).Whilst using solar energy to drive CO_(2)reduction has vast potential to promote catalytic CO_(2)conversions,the progress is limited due to the lack of understanding of property-performance relations as well as feasible material engineering approaches.Herein,we outline the various driving forces involved in photothermal CO_(2)catalysis.The heat from solar energy can be utilized to induce CO_(2)catalytic reduction reactions via the photothermal effect.Further,solar energy can act to modify reaction pathways through light-matter interactions.Light-induced chemical functions have demonstrated the ability to regulate intermediary reaction steps,and thus control the reaction selectivity.Photothermal catalyst structures and specific catalyst design strategies are discussed in this context.This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the heat-light synergy and guidance for rational photothermal catalyst design for CO_(2)utilization.
基金supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (No. 2010CB732004)the joint funding of the National Natural Science Foundation and Shanghai Baosteel Group Corporation of China (No. 51074177)
文摘Because there is neither waste rock nor mill tailings in the gypsum mine, and the buildings on the goaf of gypsum mine are needed to be protected, the research proposed the scheme of the clay filling technology. Gypsum, cement, lime and water glass were used as adhesive, and the strength of different material ratios were investigated in this study. The influence factors of clay strength were obtained in the order of cement, gypsum, water glass and lime. The results show that the cement content is the determinant influence factor, and gypsum has positive effects, while the water glass can enhance both clay strength and the fluidity of the filing slurry. Furthermore, combining chaotic optimization method with neural network, the optimal ratio of composite cementing agent was obtained. The results show that the optimal ratio of water glass, cement, lime and clay (in quality) is 1.17:6.74:4.17:87.92 in the process of bottom self-flow filling, while the optimal ratio is 1.78:9.58:4.71:83.93 for roof-contacted filling. A novel filling process to fill in gypsum mine goaf with clay is established. The engineering practice shows that the filling cost is low, thus, notable economic benefit is achieved.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos 51576078 and 51376070
文摘The concentrically layered thermal cloaks with isotropic materials could realize the equivalent thermal cloaking effect with Pendry＇s cloak, while the effectiveness is scarcely investigated quantitatively. Here we examine the cloaking effectiveness quantitatively by evaluating the standard deviation of the temperature difference between the simulated plane with the layered thermal cloak and Pendry＇s thermal cloak. The design rules for the isotropic materials in terms of thermal conductivity and layer thickness are presented. The present method could quan- titatively evaluate the cloaking effectiveness, and could open avenues for analyzing the cloaking effect, detecting the （anti-） cloaks, etc.
基金This work is supported by Foundation of Beijing Key Laboratory of Internet Culture and Digital Dissemination Research No.ICDDXN004Foundation of Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering.
文摘In order to effectively solve the problem of copyright protection of materials genome engineering data,this paper proposes a method for copyright protection of materials genome engineering data based on zero-watermarking technology.First,the important attribute values are selected from the materials genome engineering database;then,use the method of remainder to group the selected attribute values and extract eigenvalues;then,the eigenvalues sequence is obtained by the majority election method;finally,XOR the sequence with the actual copyright information to obtain the watermarking information and store it in the third-party authentication center.When a copyright dispute requires copyright authentication for the database to be detected.First,the zero-watermarking construction algorithm is used to obtain an eigenvalues sequence;then,this sequence is XORed with the watermarking information stored in the third-party authentication center to obtain copyright information to-be-detected.Finally,the ownership is determined by calculating the similarity between copyright information to-be-detected and copyright information that has practical significance.The experimental result shows that the zero-watermarking method proposed in this paper can effectively resist various common attacks,and can well achieve the copyright protection of material genome engineering database.
文摘Chongqing University is located inChongqing City,Sichuan Province.Foundedoriginally in 1929,the university has sincethen greatly expanded in its scope ofeducation and organization.Now it becomesone of China’s key universities of scienceand engineering with 18 departments and38 specialities.In addition it has 20 researchinstitutes and about one hundred laboratories.The department of metallurgy and ma-terials engineering of Chongqing University
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52073030)。
文摘Integrated computational materials engineering(ICME)is to integrate multi-scale computational simulations and key experimental methods such as macroscopic,mesoscopic,and microscopic into the whole process of Al alloys design and development,which enables the design and development of Al alloys to upgrade from traditional empirical to the integration of compositionprocess-structure-mechanical property,thus greatly accelerating its development speed and reducing its development cost.This study combines calculation of phase diagram(CALPHAD),Finite element calculations,first principle calculations,and microstructure characterization methods to predict and regulate the formation and structure of composite precipitates from the design of highmodulus Al alloy compositions and optimize the casting process parameters to inhibit the formation of micropore defects in the casting process,and the final tensile strength of Al alloys reaches420 MPa and Young's modulus reaches more than 88 GPa,which achieves the design goal of the high strength and modulus Al alloys,and establishes a new mode of the design and development of the strength/modulus Al alloys.
文摘New materials are fundamental to the growth,security,and quality of life of human being sand open doors to technologies in civil,chemical,nuclear,aeronautical,mechanical,biomedical,and electrical engineering.Creative companies use multiple materials in the development of their activities,such as solid stone,fiber glass,concrete,and glass reinforced concrete,for example.Based on bibliographic research,the article examines the synergy between materials science&engineering and creative economy.The main argument indicates that this synergy creates solutions and functionalities that add value to existing products and allow the development of new products with competitive advantages.It may also contribute to the preservation of cultural values and promote sustainability.
文摘This paper analyses the peculiar acting mechanism of artificial neural network (ANN) tech, and explores the great immediate significence for the intelligent sci-tech (IST) to research and develop the nano-tech.
文摘Molecular dynamics (MD) is a computer simulation technique that helps to explore the behavior and properties of molecules and atoms. MD has been used in research and development in many spaces, including materials science and engineering and nanotechnology. MD has been proven useful in topics like the nano-engineering of construction materials, correcting graphene planar defects, studying self-assembling bio-materials, and the densification, consolidation, and sintering of nanocrystalline materials.
