In the terraced fields in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture,southwest China’s Yunnan Province,the morning mist drifts up from the valleys while the tiered ridges spread like the fingerprints of the earth.
The lack of proper knowledge about investment products can have a large negative influence on the financial well being of investors. Inspire of that, there is a dearth of studies conducted, specifically to investigate...The lack of proper knowledge about investment products can have a large negative influence on the financial well being of investors. Inspire of that, there is a dearth of studies conducted, specifically to investigate the factors influencing the knowledge of investors about investment products. This paper propose a model and investigates the direct and indirect （mediated through investor＇s enduring involvement with product） influence of investor＇s product importance perception （PIP） and need for cognition （NFC） on investor＇s knowledge of investment products. The hypothesized relationship is empirically validated in the context of mutual fund schemes （MFs）. Survey conducted on the sample of 268 MF investors suggests that there is an insignificant direct influence of investor＇s PIP and NFC on investor＇s knowledge of investment product （KIP）. However, when mediated through enduring involvement with product （EIP）, the influence was found to be significant. The results suggest that EIP perfectly mediates the influence of PIP and NFC on investor＇s KIP. The relevance of the results to the policy makers is also discussed.展开更多
Zhang Liwei, an associate professor from the Party School of the Communist Party of China （CPC） Central Committee, recently penned an article on China,org.cn discussing the importance of the rule of law in modernizi...Zhang Liwei, an associate professor from the Party School of the Communist Party of China （CPC） Central Committee, recently penned an article on China,org.cn discussing the importance of the rule of law in modernizing a country＇s governance. The fol- lowing are excerpts：CHINA has gone through four phases promoting the rule of law. The first phase, lasting from 1954 to 1978, featured explorations and trials. The second stage, from 1978 to 1997, focused on renewal, The third （1997-2014） was a period of accelerated devel- opment. The next stage will target comprehensive implementation.展开更多
China and the United States promote stable relations through the Strategic Economic Dialogue As Chinese and U.S.officials concluded their last Strategic Economic Dialogue(SED)dur-ing George W.Bush’s presidency,there ...China and the United States promote stable relations through the Strategic Economic Dialogue As Chinese and U.S.officials concluded their last Strategic Economic Dialogue(SED)dur-ing George W.Bush’s presidency,there were high expectations that the two countries would keep up their efforts to fos-ter sustainable economic relations.展开更多
Sino-Vietnamese relations witness their 60th anniversary amid high hopes This month commemorates the 60th anniversary of the establishment of Sino-Vietnamese relations,
Lingering inflation has become the biggest headache for ordinary Chinese people. The CPI growth,a broad measure of inflation,has been hovering around 5 percent since last November,and it even hit a 32-monthhigh of 5.4...Lingering inflation has become the biggest headache for ordinary Chinese people. The CPI growth,a broad measure of inflation,has been hovering around 5 percent since last November,and it even hit a 32-monthhigh of 5.4 percent in March.展开更多
The United States and India reaffirm their mutual commitment during Indian prime minister’s recent U.S. trip u.S. President Barack Obama welcomed Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on November 24 with an em- phasis...The United States and India reaffirm their mutual commitment during Indian prime minister’s recent U.S. trip u.S. President Barack Obama welcomed Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on November 24 with an em- phasis on the continuing value of a partnership carefully developed over展开更多
Hardship The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we explore whether enduring hardship is still a necessary path to growth in a changing world.
1 Originally published in 1993,To Live,a novel by Chinese author Yu Hua has since gained international recognition for its raw emotional depth and exploration of themes like fate,endurance and the essence of humanity....1 Originally published in 1993,To Live,a novel by Chinese author Yu Hua has since gained international recognition for its raw emotional depth and exploration of themes like fate,endurance and the essence of humanity.2 The novel follows the life of Xu Fugui,a once⁃wealthy landowner who lost his fortune through gambling(赌博).As his status shifted to that of a peasant,he witnessed the rapid changes of society.Despite enduring relentless hardship,Fugui survived,finding moments of comfort in small and everyday acts of perseverance.展开更多
Background:Despite the wide use of compression garments to enhance athletic running performance,evidence supporting improvements has not been conclusive.This updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized c...Background:Despite the wide use of compression garments to enhance athletic running performance,evidence supporting improvements has not been conclusive.This updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)compared the effects of compression garment wearing with those of non-compression garment wearing(controls)during running on improving running performance.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in the electronic databases(Web of Science,EBSCOhost,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,and Cochrane)for RCTs comparing running performance between runners wearing compression garments and controls during running,from inception to September 2024.Independent reviewers screened studies,extracted data,appraised risk of bias(RoB 2)and certainty of evidence(Grading of Recommendations Assessments,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)).Primary outcomes were race time and time to exhaustion.Secondary outcomes covered running speed and race pace,submaximal oxygen uptake,tissue oxygenation,and soft tissue vibration.Randomeffects meta-analyses were conducted to generate pooled estimates,expressed in standardized mean difference(SMD).Subgroup differences of garment,race type,and contact surface were tested in moderator analyses.Results:The search yielded 51 eligible studies comprising 899 participants,of which 33 studies were available for meta-analysis of primary outcomes.Runners wearing compression garments during running showed no significant improvement in race time(SMD=-0.07,95%CI:-0.22 to 0.09;p=0.40)or time to exhaustion(SMD=0.04,95%CI:-0.20 to 0.29;p=0.72).Moderator analyses indicated no effects from garment type,race type,or surface.Secondary outcomes also showed no performance benefits,although compression garments significantly reduced soft tissue vibration(SMD=-0.43,95%CI:-0.70 to-0.15;p<0.01).Certainty of evidence was rated low to very low.Conclusion:Data synthesis of current RCTs offers no updated evidence favoring the support of wearing compression garments during running as a viable strategy for improving running and endurance performance among runners of varying performance levels and types of running races.展开更多
Background:Sport climbing is becoming incredibly popular both in the general population and among athletes.No consensus exists regarding evidence-based sport-specific performance evaluation;therefore,this systematic r...Background:Sport climbing is becoming incredibly popular both in the general population and among athletes.No consensus exists regarding evidence-based sport-specific performance evaluation;therefore,this systematic review was aimed at analyzing determinants of sport climbing performance and evaluation methods by comparing climbers of different levels.Methods:PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched up to December 20,2022.Studies providing the self-reported climbing ability associated with different functional outcomes in groups of climbers of contiguous performance levels were eligible.Results:74 studies were finally included.Various methods have been proposed to evaluate determinants of sport climbing performance.Climbing-specific assessments were able to discriminate climbers of different levels when compared to general functional tests.Test validity resulted high for climbing-specific cardiorespiratory endurance as well as muscular-strength,-endurance,and-power;similarly,reliability was good except for cardiorespiratory endurance.Climbing-specific flexibility assessment resulted in high reliability but moderate validity,whereas balance showed low validity.Considerable conflicting evidence was found regarding anthropometric characteristics.Conclusion:The present analysis identified cardiorespiratory endurance as well as muscular-strength,-endurance,and-power as determinants of sport climbing performance.In contrast,balance,flexibility,and anthropometric characteristics seem to count less.This review also proposes an evidence-based Functional Sport Climbing test battery for asses sing performance determinants,which includes tests that have been identified to be valid,reliable,and feasible.While athletes and coaches should rely on evidence-based and standardized evaluation methods,researchers may design specific large-scale trials as a resource for providing additional,homogenous,and comparable data to improve scientific evidence and professionalism in this popular sport discipline.展开更多
Rainbows-symbolizing peace,hope,promise and endurance(忍耐力)in hard times-are springing up in neighborhoods throughout Long Island in an effort to color the future road with optimism.The campaign,Rainbows over Nassau...Rainbows-symbolizing peace,hope,promise and endurance(忍耐力)in hard times-are springing up in neighborhoods throughout Long Island in an effort to color the future road with optimism.The campaign,Rainbows over Nassau and Suffolk Counties and Beyond,started on March 21 and spread through a group.It's a campaign that encourages participants to make rainbows to display outside their homes,anywhere from their front windows and doors to lawns and sidewalks.It follows another similar project,Chalk Your Walk,which promotes writing hopeful messages in chalk on driveways and sidewalks.展开更多
Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)technology is rapidly advancing,offering innovative solutions for various industries,including the critical task of oil and gas pipeline surveillance.However,the limited flight time of co...Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)technology is rapidly advancing,offering innovative solutions for various industries,including the critical task of oil and gas pipeline surveillance.However,the limited flight time of conventional UAVs presents a significant challenge to comprehensive and continuous monitoring,which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of pipeline infrastructure.This review paper evaluates methods for extending UAV flight endurance,focusing on their potential application in pipeline inspection.Through an extensive literature review,this study identifies the latest advancements in UAV technology,evaluates their effectiveness,and highlights the existing gaps in achieving prolonged flight operations.Advanced techniques,including artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and deep learning(DL),are reviewed for their roles in pipeline monitoring.Notably,DL algorithms like You Only Look Once(YOLO)are explored for autonomous flight in UAV-based inspections,real-time defect detection,such as cracks,corrosion,and leaks,enhancing reliability and accuracy.A vital aspect of this research is the proposed deployment of a hybrid drone design combining lighter-than-air(LTA)and heavier-than-air(HTA)principles,achieving a balance of endurance and maneuverability.LTA vehicles utilize buoyancy to reduce energy consumption,thereby extending flight durations.The paper details the methodology for designing LTA vehicles,presenting an analysis of design parameters that align with the requirements for effective pipeline surveillance.The ongoing work is currently at Technology Readiness Level(TRL)4,where key components have been validated in laboratory conditions,with fabrication and flight testing planned for the next phase.Initial design analysis indicates that LTA configurations could offer significant advantages in flight endurance compared to traditional UAV designs.These findings lay the groundwork for future fabrication and testing phases,which will be critical in validating and assessing the proposed approach’s real-world applicability.By outlining the technical complexities and proposing specialized techniques tailored for pipeline monitoring,this paper provides a foundational framework for advancing UAV capabilities in the oil and gas sector.Researchers and industry practitioners can use this roadmap to further develop UAV-enabled surveillance solutions,aiming to improve the reliability,efficiency,and safety of pipeline monitoring.展开更多
BACKGROUND In pediatric and adolescent athletes,there is a lack of understanding about the impact of factors such as race on the structural or cardiovascular adaptations in response to exercise which may unnecessarily...BACKGROUND In pediatric and adolescent athletes,there is a lack of understanding about the impact of factors such as race on the structural or cardiovascular adaptations in response to exercise which may unnecessarily disqualify athletes from the competitive sport.We hypothesized that race has an impact on cardiac adaptions in non-adult athletes.AIM To explore the racial disparity in electrocardiographic(ECG)and echocardiographic(ECHO)parameters in healthy adolescent athletes.METHODS A comprehensive electronic systematic literature search using MEDLINE database was performed from inception to September 20,2024.Inclusion criteria included randomized or observational cohort studies that recruited adolescent competitive athletes in any sport discipline and compared between the Black and White races with an age range of 12-18 years.RESULTS Of 723 records that were identified by the literature search,seven studies(n=5036)were included.The mean age was 13.0-18.0 years old with male predominance.Black athletes had significantly longer PR interval[mean difference(MD)=17.49 millisecond,95% CI:11.70-23.29]and shorter QRS complex duration(MD=-7.35 millisecond,95% CI:-9.17 to-5.53)and corrected QT interval(MD=-4.95 millisecond,95% CI:-7.69 to-2.22)than the White athletes.Black athletes were approximately four times more likely to have first-degree atrioventricular(AV)block,inverted T wave,ST-segment elevation,and left atrium(LA)enlargement than their White counterparts.In terms of ECHO parameters,Black athletes had significantly greater septal wall thickness(MD=0.85 mm,95% CI:0.62-1.07),posterior wall thickness(MD=1.07 mm,95% CI:0.36-1.78),relative wall thickness(MD=0.03,95%CI:0.001-0.06),maximal wall thickness(MD=1.05 mm,95%CI:0.28-1.83),and LA diameter(MD=1.64 mm,95%CI:0.16-3.12).CONCLUSION Race has an impact on the ECG and ECHO parameters that reflect cardiac adaptations in adolescent athletes.Black athletes tend to have an increased prevalence of distinct ECG changes such as first-degree AV block and T-wave inversions compared with their White counterparts.Despite having thicker septal and posterior walls,the overall prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy did not differ between the races.展开更多
Tennis,a popular sport in colleges and universities,is deeply loved by teachers and students.However,due to its high physical demands,technical difficulty,and other characteristics,it requires a high level of physical...Tennis,a popular sport in colleges and universities,is deeply loved by teachers and students.However,due to its high physical demands,technical difficulty,and other characteristics,it requires a high level of physical fitness.Compared to competitive tennis,although college tennis instruction may lack competitiveness and involve lower exercise intensity,it still necessitates regular physical training to enhance body coordination,balance,and agility.This can help students stay physically fit while avoiding injuries.This article explores the content of physical training in college tennis instruction,clarifies the important role of physical training,and summarizes a series of physical training pathways to provide reference support for physical training in college tennis instruction.展开更多
Along with NOR flash cell scaling down,dielectric burnout has gradually become one of the most important factors which affects product reliability,especially for high dropout voltage films.In this study,we demonstrate...Along with NOR flash cell scaling down,dielectric burnout has gradually become one of the most important factors which affects product reliability,especially for high dropout voltage films.In this study,we demonstrate a reliability-enhanced NOR flash cell in 50 nm node technology through structural optimization of floating gate(FG)dimensions and active area profile.By synergistically increasing FG thickness,reducing FG width,and tuning cell-open depth,the control gate-to-active area corner distance expands by 22%,suppressing peak electric fields by 29%vertically and 18%horizontally.This structural innovation achieves:(1)100×reduction in early-cycle burnout failures,(2)7.38×time dependent dielectric breakdown lifetime improve-ment,while maintaining data retention and accelerating programming/erasing speeds by 15.4%/7.3%.The enhanced reliability enables 97.5%reduction in Fowler−Nordheim stress time during characterization program testing,providing a cost-effective solution for automotive-grade flash memories.展开更多
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.As the disease progresses and due to the side effects of treatment,patients’physical activity significantly decreases.AIM To systematicall...BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.As the disease progresses and due to the side effects of treatment,patients’physical activity significantly decreases.AIM To systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of exercise rehabilitation on the physical activity of lung cancer patients and determine the best implementation methods to provide clinical guidance.METHODS Literature was searched through multiple electronic databases.A random effects model was used to combine effect sizes through standardized mean difference(SMD).The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the lite-rature,sensitivity analysis was used to ensure the robustness of the results,and Egger’s test was used to detect publication bias and asymmetry.RESULTS A total of 11 studies involving 541 patients were included in this study.The phy-sical endurance,muscle function and cardiopulmonary function of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients were evaluated.The overall effect size of the six-minute walk test(6MWT)was not statistically significant.However,subgroup analysis found that endurance significantly improved when exercise duration exceeded 0.5 hours(P≤0.05).In terms of muscle function,the overall effect size was SMD=0.619.Subgroup analysis showed that strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training(XT)significantly improved muscle function.Exercise rehabilitation significantly enhanced cardiopulmonary endurance(SMD=0.856,P=0.002),and the effect was better when the single exercise duration was more than 1 hour,age was over 65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.CONCLUSION Exercise rehabilitation effectively improved muscle function in NSCLC patients,especially strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training.Cardiopulmonary function also showed improvement,particularly when exercise duration exceeded 1 hour,age was≥65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.A single exercise duration of more than 0.5 hours can enhance patients’physical endurance.Appropriately increasing exercise duration and selecting suitable exercise forms can effectively improve the physical activity of NSCLC patients.展开更多
文摘In the terraced fields in Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture,southwest China’s Yunnan Province,the morning mist drifts up from the valleys while the tiered ridges spread like the fingerprints of the earth.
文摘The lack of proper knowledge about investment products can have a large negative influence on the financial well being of investors. Inspire of that, there is a dearth of studies conducted, specifically to investigate the factors influencing the knowledge of investors about investment products. This paper propose a model and investigates the direct and indirect （mediated through investor＇s enduring involvement with product） influence of investor＇s product importance perception （PIP） and need for cognition （NFC） on investor＇s knowledge of investment products. The hypothesized relationship is empirically validated in the context of mutual fund schemes （MFs）. Survey conducted on the sample of 268 MF investors suggests that there is an insignificant direct influence of investor＇s PIP and NFC on investor＇s knowledge of investment product （KIP）. However, when mediated through enduring involvement with product （EIP）, the influence was found to be significant. The results suggest that EIP perfectly mediates the influence of PIP and NFC on investor＇s KIP. The relevance of the results to the policy makers is also discussed.
文摘Zhang Liwei, an associate professor from the Party School of the Communist Party of China （CPC） Central Committee, recently penned an article on China,org.cn discussing the importance of the rule of law in modernizing a country＇s governance. The fol- lowing are excerpts：CHINA has gone through four phases promoting the rule of law. The first phase, lasting from 1954 to 1978, featured explorations and trials. The second stage, from 1978 to 1997, focused on renewal, The third （1997-2014） was a period of accelerated devel- opment. The next stage will target comprehensive implementation.
文摘China and the United States promote stable relations through the Strategic Economic Dialogue As Chinese and U.S.officials concluded their last Strategic Economic Dialogue(SED)dur-ing George W.Bush’s presidency,there were high expectations that the two countries would keep up their efforts to fos-ter sustainable economic relations.
文摘Sino-Vietnamese relations witness their 60th anniversary amid high hopes This month commemorates the 60th anniversary of the establishment of Sino-Vietnamese relations,
文摘Lingering inflation has become the biggest headache for ordinary Chinese people. The CPI growth,a broad measure of inflation,has been hovering around 5 percent since last November,and it even hit a 32-monthhigh of 5.4 percent in March.
文摘The United States and India reaffirm their mutual commitment during Indian prime minister’s recent U.S. trip u.S. President Barack Obama welcomed Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh on November 24 with an em- phasis on the continuing value of a partnership carefully developed over
文摘Hardship The Double Take column looks at a single topic from an African and Chinese perspective.This month,we explore whether enduring hardship is still a necessary path to growth in a changing world.
文摘1 Originally published in 1993,To Live,a novel by Chinese author Yu Hua has since gained international recognition for its raw emotional depth and exploration of themes like fate,endurance and the essence of humanity.2 The novel follows the life of Xu Fugui,a once⁃wealthy landowner who lost his fortune through gambling(赌博).As his status shifted to that of a peasant,he witnessed the rapid changes of society.Despite enduring relentless hardship,Fugui survived,finding moments of comfort in small and everyday acts of perseverance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.NSFC11932013)National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2022YFB3805800).
文摘Background:Despite the wide use of compression garments to enhance athletic running performance,evidence supporting improvements has not been conclusive.This updated systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)compared the effects of compression garment wearing with those of non-compression garment wearing(controls)during running on improving running performance.Methods:A comprehensive search was conducted in the electronic databases(Web of Science,EBSCOhost,PubMed,Embase,Scopus,and Cochrane)for RCTs comparing running performance between runners wearing compression garments and controls during running,from inception to September 2024.Independent reviewers screened studies,extracted data,appraised risk of bias(RoB 2)and certainty of evidence(Grading of Recommendations Assessments,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)).Primary outcomes were race time and time to exhaustion.Secondary outcomes covered running speed and race pace,submaximal oxygen uptake,tissue oxygenation,and soft tissue vibration.Randomeffects meta-analyses were conducted to generate pooled estimates,expressed in standardized mean difference(SMD).Subgroup differences of garment,race type,and contact surface were tested in moderator analyses.Results:The search yielded 51 eligible studies comprising 899 participants,of which 33 studies were available for meta-analysis of primary outcomes.Runners wearing compression garments during running showed no significant improvement in race time(SMD=-0.07,95%CI:-0.22 to 0.09;p=0.40)or time to exhaustion(SMD=0.04,95%CI:-0.20 to 0.29;p=0.72).Moderator analyses indicated no effects from garment type,race type,or surface.Secondary outcomes also showed no performance benefits,although compression garments significantly reduced soft tissue vibration(SMD=-0.43,95%CI:-0.70 to-0.15;p<0.01).Certainty of evidence was rated low to very low.Conclusion:Data synthesis of current RCTs offers no updated evidence favoring the support of wearing compression garments during running as a viable strategy for improving running and endurance performance among runners of varying performance levels and types of running races.
文摘Background:Sport climbing is becoming incredibly popular both in the general population and among athletes.No consensus exists regarding evidence-based sport-specific performance evaluation;therefore,this systematic review was aimed at analyzing determinants of sport climbing performance and evaluation methods by comparing climbers of different levels.Methods:PubMed,Scopus,and Web of Science were searched up to December 20,2022.Studies providing the self-reported climbing ability associated with different functional outcomes in groups of climbers of contiguous performance levels were eligible.Results:74 studies were finally included.Various methods have been proposed to evaluate determinants of sport climbing performance.Climbing-specific assessments were able to discriminate climbers of different levels when compared to general functional tests.Test validity resulted high for climbing-specific cardiorespiratory endurance as well as muscular-strength,-endurance,and-power;similarly,reliability was good except for cardiorespiratory endurance.Climbing-specific flexibility assessment resulted in high reliability but moderate validity,whereas balance showed low validity.Considerable conflicting evidence was found regarding anthropometric characteristics.Conclusion:The present analysis identified cardiorespiratory endurance as well as muscular-strength,-endurance,and-power as determinants of sport climbing performance.In contrast,balance,flexibility,and anthropometric characteristics seem to count less.This review also proposes an evidence-based Functional Sport Climbing test battery for asses sing performance determinants,which includes tests that have been identified to be valid,reliable,and feasible.While athletes and coaches should rely on evidence-based and standardized evaluation methods,researchers may design specific large-scale trials as a resource for providing additional,homogenous,and comparable data to improve scientific evidence and professionalism in this popular sport discipline.
文摘Rainbows-symbolizing peace,hope,promise and endurance(忍耐力)in hard times-are springing up in neighborhoods throughout Long Island in an effort to color the future road with optimism.The campaign,Rainbows over Nassau and Suffolk Counties and Beyond,started on March 21 and spread through a group.It's a campaign that encourages participants to make rainbows to display outside their homes,anywhere from their front windows and doors to lawns and sidewalks.It follows another similar project,Chalk Your Walk,which promotes writing hopeful messages in chalk on driveways and sidewalks.
基金supported by the Yayasan Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS(YUTP)under Cost Center 015LC0-485.
文摘Unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs)technology is rapidly advancing,offering innovative solutions for various industries,including the critical task of oil and gas pipeline surveillance.However,the limited flight time of conventional UAVs presents a significant challenge to comprehensive and continuous monitoring,which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of pipeline infrastructure.This review paper evaluates methods for extending UAV flight endurance,focusing on their potential application in pipeline inspection.Through an extensive literature review,this study identifies the latest advancements in UAV technology,evaluates their effectiveness,and highlights the existing gaps in achieving prolonged flight operations.Advanced techniques,including artificial intelligence(AI),machine learning(ML),and deep learning(DL),are reviewed for their roles in pipeline monitoring.Notably,DL algorithms like You Only Look Once(YOLO)are explored for autonomous flight in UAV-based inspections,real-time defect detection,such as cracks,corrosion,and leaks,enhancing reliability and accuracy.A vital aspect of this research is the proposed deployment of a hybrid drone design combining lighter-than-air(LTA)and heavier-than-air(HTA)principles,achieving a balance of endurance and maneuverability.LTA vehicles utilize buoyancy to reduce energy consumption,thereby extending flight durations.The paper details the methodology for designing LTA vehicles,presenting an analysis of design parameters that align with the requirements for effective pipeline surveillance.The ongoing work is currently at Technology Readiness Level(TRL)4,where key components have been validated in laboratory conditions,with fabrication and flight testing planned for the next phase.Initial design analysis indicates that LTA configurations could offer significant advantages in flight endurance compared to traditional UAV designs.These findings lay the groundwork for future fabrication and testing phases,which will be critical in validating and assessing the proposed approach’s real-world applicability.By outlining the technical complexities and proposing specialized techniques tailored for pipeline monitoring,this paper provides a foundational framework for advancing UAV capabilities in the oil and gas sector.Researchers and industry practitioners can use this roadmap to further develop UAV-enabled surveillance solutions,aiming to improve the reliability,efficiency,and safety of pipeline monitoring.
文摘BACKGROUND In pediatric and adolescent athletes,there is a lack of understanding about the impact of factors such as race on the structural or cardiovascular adaptations in response to exercise which may unnecessarily disqualify athletes from the competitive sport.We hypothesized that race has an impact on cardiac adaptions in non-adult athletes.AIM To explore the racial disparity in electrocardiographic(ECG)and echocardiographic(ECHO)parameters in healthy adolescent athletes.METHODS A comprehensive electronic systematic literature search using MEDLINE database was performed from inception to September 20,2024.Inclusion criteria included randomized or observational cohort studies that recruited adolescent competitive athletes in any sport discipline and compared between the Black and White races with an age range of 12-18 years.RESULTS Of 723 records that were identified by the literature search,seven studies(n=5036)were included.The mean age was 13.0-18.0 years old with male predominance.Black athletes had significantly longer PR interval[mean difference(MD)=17.49 millisecond,95% CI:11.70-23.29]and shorter QRS complex duration(MD=-7.35 millisecond,95% CI:-9.17 to-5.53)and corrected QT interval(MD=-4.95 millisecond,95% CI:-7.69 to-2.22)than the White athletes.Black athletes were approximately four times more likely to have first-degree atrioventricular(AV)block,inverted T wave,ST-segment elevation,and left atrium(LA)enlargement than their White counterparts.In terms of ECHO parameters,Black athletes had significantly greater septal wall thickness(MD=0.85 mm,95% CI:0.62-1.07),posterior wall thickness(MD=1.07 mm,95% CI:0.36-1.78),relative wall thickness(MD=0.03,95%CI:0.001-0.06),maximal wall thickness(MD=1.05 mm,95%CI:0.28-1.83),and LA diameter(MD=1.64 mm,95%CI:0.16-3.12).CONCLUSION Race has an impact on the ECG and ECHO parameters that reflect cardiac adaptations in adolescent athletes.Black athletes tend to have an increased prevalence of distinct ECG changes such as first-degree AV block and T-wave inversions compared with their White counterparts.Despite having thicker septal and posterior walls,the overall prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy did not differ between the races.
文摘Tennis,a popular sport in colleges and universities,is deeply loved by teachers and students.However,due to its high physical demands,technical difficulty,and other characteristics,it requires a high level of physical fitness.Compared to competitive tennis,although college tennis instruction may lack competitiveness and involve lower exercise intensity,it still necessitates regular physical training to enhance body coordination,balance,and agility.This can help students stay physically fit while avoiding injuries.This article explores the content of physical training in college tennis instruction,clarifies the important role of physical training,and summarizes a series of physical training pathways to provide reference support for physical training in college tennis instruction.
基金supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.HUST:5003190012)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant No.2024AFA043).
文摘Along with NOR flash cell scaling down,dielectric burnout has gradually become one of the most important factors which affects product reliability,especially for high dropout voltage films.In this study,we demonstrate a reliability-enhanced NOR flash cell in 50 nm node technology through structural optimization of floating gate(FG)dimensions and active area profile.By synergistically increasing FG thickness,reducing FG width,and tuning cell-open depth,the control gate-to-active area corner distance expands by 22%,suppressing peak electric fields by 29%vertically and 18%horizontally.This structural innovation achieves:(1)100×reduction in early-cycle burnout failures,(2)7.38×time dependent dielectric breakdown lifetime improve-ment,while maintaining data retention and accelerating programming/erasing speeds by 15.4%/7.3%.The enhanced reliability enables 97.5%reduction in Fowler−Nordheim stress time during characterization program testing,providing a cost-effective solution for automotive-grade flash memories.
基金Supported by the Youth Doctor Support Project of the Education Department of Gansu Province,No.2024QB-100.
文摘BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide.As the disease progresses and due to the side effects of treatment,patients’physical activity significantly decreases.AIM To systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis on the effects of exercise rehabilitation on the physical activity of lung cancer patients and determine the best implementation methods to provide clinical guidance.METHODS Literature was searched through multiple electronic databases.A random effects model was used to combine effect sizes through standardized mean difference(SMD).The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the quality of the lite-rature,sensitivity analysis was used to ensure the robustness of the results,and Egger’s test was used to detect publication bias and asymmetry.RESULTS A total of 11 studies involving 541 patients were included in this study.The phy-sical endurance,muscle function and cardiopulmonary function of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)patients were evaluated.The overall effect size of the six-minute walk test(6MWT)was not statistically significant.However,subgroup analysis found that endurance significantly improved when exercise duration exceeded 0.5 hours(P≤0.05).In terms of muscle function,the overall effect size was SMD=0.619.Subgroup analysis showed that strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training(XT)significantly improved muscle function.Exercise rehabilitation significantly enhanced cardiopulmonary endurance(SMD=0.856,P=0.002),and the effect was better when the single exercise duration was more than 1 hour,age was over 65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.CONCLUSION Exercise rehabilitation effectively improved muscle function in NSCLC patients,especially strength training,respiratory training,and cross-training.Cardiopulmonary function also showed improvement,particularly when exercise duration exceeded 1 hour,age was≥65 years,and the intervention period was more than 3 months.A single exercise duration of more than 0.5 hours can enhance patients’physical endurance.Appropriately increasing exercise duration and selecting suitable exercise forms can effectively improve the physical activity of NSCLC patients.
