The proliferation of heterogeneous networks,such as the Internet of Things(IoT),unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)networks,and edge networks,has increased the complexity of network operation and administration,driving the e...The proliferation of heterogeneous networks,such as the Internet of Things(IoT),unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)networks,and edge networks,has increased the complexity of network operation and administration,driving the emergence of digital twin networks(DTNs)that create digital-physical network mappings.While DTNs enable performance analysis through emulation testbeds,current research focuses on network-level systems,neglecting equipment-level emulation of critical components like core switches and routers.To address this issue,we propose v Fabric(short for virtual switch),a digital twin emulator for high-capacity core switching equipment.This solution implements virtual switching and network processor(NP)chip models through specialized processes,deployable on single or distributed servers via socket communication.The v Fabric emulator can realize the accurate emulation for the core switching equipment with 720 ports and 100 Gbit/s per port on the largest scale.To our knowledge,this represents the first digital twin emulation framework specifically designed for large-capacity core switching equipment in communication networks.展开更多
This paper presents a space network emulation system based on a user-space network stack named Nos to solve space networks'unique architecture and routing issues and kernel stacks'inefficiency and development ...This paper presents a space network emulation system based on a user-space network stack named Nos to solve space networks'unique architecture and routing issues and kernel stacks'inefficiency and development complexity.Our low Earth orbit satellite scenario emulation verifies the dynamic routing function of the protocol stack.The proposed system uses technologies like Open vSwitch(OVS)and traffic control(TC)to emulate the space network's highly dynamic topology and time-varying link characteristics.The emulation results demonstrate the system's high reliability,and the user-space network stack reduces development complexity and debugging difficulty,providing convenience for the development of space network protocols and network functions.展开更多
Objective:To develop and demonstrate a comprehensive methodological framework for target trial emulation(TTE)implementation via post-laparoscopic septic shock fluid management as a clinical case study.Methods:We desig...Objective:To develop and demonstrate a comprehensive methodological framework for target trial emulation(TTE)implementation via post-laparoscopic septic shock fluid management as a clinical case study.Methods:We designed a simulated study of 10,000 patients in which colloid resuscitation was compared with crystalloid resuscitation.The framework incorporated precise eligibility criteria,standardized intervention protocols,and balanced treatment allocation with temporal anchoring.The primary analyses focused on 28-day mortality and were evaluated through survival analysis and comparative statistics.Results:The methodological framework successfully demonstrated the systematic implementation of TTE principles,providing reproducible protocols for eligibility determination,intervention standardization,and outcome assessment in observational studies.Conclusion:This work bridges the gap between TTE theory and practice by providing a detailed technical roadmap that enhances methodological transparency and reproducibility in comparative effectiveness research.展开更多
In this paper a fuel cell emulator model suitable for each fuel cell type and power level is proposed. A power interface to the electronic load and a digital section are provided. The fuel cell steady-state, dynamic a...In this paper a fuel cell emulator model suitable for each fuel cell type and power level is proposed. A power interface to the electronic load and a digital section are provided. The fuel cell steady-state, dynamic and thermal behaviour is modeled by the digital controller. The emulator architecture is deeply analyzed and remarks on hardware implementation algorithms are provided for further applications. The system is tested on a 10 W Proton Exchange Membrane （PEM） fuel cell and the high accuracy of the proposed emulator is shown by the comparison between experimental and simulation results.展开更多
In this paper,the transmission performances are studied in cognitive radio networks with primary user emulator and relay existence.In the proposed network,the users include primary users,secondary users and primary us...In this paper,the transmission performances are studied in cognitive radio networks with primary user emulator and relay existence.In the proposed network,the users include primary users,secondary users and primary user emulators.The decreasing access priority of the users are primary users,primary user emulators and secondary users.Different user access to the network results in different transmission effects.We impose interference power constraints on the secondary users to protect the primary users from being interfered.We also adopt the transmission mechanism that transits among more than one secondary transmitters,secondary receivers and relays.The transition models of the transmission states are proposed to describe the transmission mechanism.To investigate the transmission performances,the theory of effective capacity is adopted.The transmission performances in terms of effective capacity are expressed and demonstrated under different transmission policies.The overall effective capacity,as the overall data traffic in the cognitive radio network,is calculated.Besides,the overall effective capacity is demonstrated under different transmission strategies.The results show the greedy transmission strategy outperforms the rest of the transmission 8 policies in the overall effective capacity.For a larger number of the users,the effective capacity converges to a certain value.展开更多
The mathematical physics model of mine methane and coal dust explosion propagation was established in the research,by using continuous phase,combustion,par- ticulate equations of mathematical physics.Based upon the da...The mathematical physics model of mine methane and coal dust explosion propagation was established in the research,by using continuous phase,combustion,par- ticulate equations of mathematical physics.Based upon the data from mine methane drainage roadway explosion,and mine methane and coal dust explosion propagation ex- perimental studies,the numerical emulator system of mine methane and coal dust explo- sion software was developed by using prevalent flow simulation platform,which can be used to simulate the explosion accidents process effectively.In addition,the system can also be used to determine whether coal dust involved in the explosion,and to simulate accurately the transition from deflagration to detonation in methane explosion,propagation velocity of explosion shock,attenuation pattern,and affected area of explosion.展开更多
As commercial memristors are still unavailable in the market, mathematic models and emulators which can imitate the features of the mernristor are meaningful for further research. In this paper, based on the analyses ...As commercial memristors are still unavailable in the market, mathematic models and emulators which can imitate the features of the mernristor are meaningful for further research. In this paper, based on the analyses of characteristics of the q-φ curve, an exponential flux-controlled model, which has the quality that its memductance （memristance） will keep monotonically increasing or decreasing unless the voltage＇s polarity reverses （if not approach the boundaries）, is constructed. A new approach to designing the floating emulator of the memristor is also proposed. This floating structure can flexibly meet various demands for the current through the memristor （especially the demand for a larger current）. The simulations and experiments are presented to confirm the effectiveness of this model and its floating emulator.展开更多
Power system inherently consists of capacitance and inductance in its components. Equipment with saturable inductance and circuit capacitance provides circumstances of generating ferroresonance, resulting in overvolta...Power system inherently consists of capacitance and inductance in its components. Equipment with saturable inductance and circuit capacitance provides circumstances of generating ferroresonance, resulting in overvoltage and overcurrent in the connected system. The effects of ferroresonance result in insulation failure and hence damage to the equipment is unavoidable. Though many devices are proposed for mitigating such circumstances, a promising technology of using memristors may provide better performance than others in the future. A memristor emulator using the N-channel JFET J310 is used in this work. Unlike other electronic components that replicate memristor properties, the chosen memristor emulator is a passive device since it does not need any external power supply. Simulation and experimental results verify the design of a memristor emulator and the characteristics of an ideal memristor. Experimental results prove that the memristor emulator can suppress the fundamental ferroresonance induced in a prototype single phase transformer. The results of the harmonic analysis also validate the memristor performance against the conventional technique.展开更多
This paper presents the modeling, simulation and practical implementation of an inverter-based diesel generator emulator. The main purpose of this emulator is for the study of frequency variations in diesel-based auto...This paper presents the modeling, simulation and practical implementation of an inverter-based diesel generator emulator. The main purpose of this emulator is for the study of frequency variations in diesel-based autonomous power systems in a laboratory environment where the operation of a real diesel generator is not possible. The emulator basically consists in a voltage source inverter with a second order output filter which voltage references are given by the model of the diesel generator. The control of the emulator is based on the digital signal processor TMS320F2812, where the mathematical models of the diesel generator and the control of the inverter are computed in real-time. Parameters for the model were obtained from commercially available components. Experimental results for different values of speed droop showed that the emulator achieves a satisfactory performance in the transient and stationary response. For the stationary response, the measured frequency deviates from theoretical values with a mean absolute error of: 0.06 Hz for 0% droop, 0.037 Hz for 3% droop, and 0.087 Hz for 5% droop. For the transient response, the measured frequency nadir deviates from simulations in: 0.05 Hz for 0% droop, 0.02 Hz for 3% droop, and 0.1 Hz for 5% droop.展开更多
This paper investigates the subjective assessment of QoE of web and video services over a mobile network. To achieve this, the authors used the network emulator (NetEm) traffic control functionality to simulate the dy...This paper investigates the subjective assessment of QoE of web and video services over a mobile network. To achieve this, the authors used the network emulator (NetEm) traffic control functionality to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a mobile network. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory setting and test conditions were varied to ascertain the QoE, with a focus on QoE metrics such as delay and packet loss ratio. From the experiments conducted, it was observed that there was a negative correlation between delay and average mean opinion score (MOS), and between packet loss ratio and average MOS. The results obtained can be adopted by network operators to provide better services which would lead to improved subscriber base and profitability for the operators and better QoE for the end users.展开更多
This work aims at developing an automatic system for the control of the APS （air plasma spraying） plasma process in which some instability phenomena are present. APS is a versatile technique to produce coatings of p...This work aims at developing an automatic system for the control of the APS （air plasma spraying） plasma process in which some instability phenomena are present. APS is a versatile technique to produce coatings of powder material at high deposition rates. Using this technique, powder particles are injected into a plasma jet, where they are melted and accelerated towards a substrate. The coating microstructures and properties depend strongly on the characteristics of the plasma jet, which can be controlled by the adjustment of the process parameters. However, the imeractions among the spray variables, render optimization and control of this process are quite complex. Understanding relationships between coating properties and process parameters is mandatory to optimize the process technique and the product quality. We are interested in this work to build an on-line control model for the APS process based on the elements of artificial intelligence and to build an emulator that replicates the dynamic behavior of the process as closely as possible.展开更多
Emulating massively parallel computer architectures represents a very important tool for the parallel programmers. It allows them to implement and validate their algorithms. Due to the high cost of the massively paral...Emulating massively parallel computer architectures represents a very important tool for the parallel programmers. It allows them to implement and validate their algorithms. Due to the high cost of the massively parallel real machines, they remain unavailable and not popular in the parallel computing community. The goal of this paper is to present an elaborated emulator of a 2-D massively parallel re-configurable mesh computer of size n x n processing elements (PE). Basing on the object modeling method, we develop a hard kernel of a parallel virtual machine in which we translate all the physical properties of its different components. A parallel programming language and its compiler are also devel-oped to edit, compile and run programs. The developed emulator is a multi platform system. It can be installed in any sequential computer whatever may be its operating system and its processing unit technology (CPU). The size n x n of this virtual re-configurable mesh is not limited;it depends just on the performance of the sequential machine supporting the emulator.展开更多
In this paper, multimodel and neural emulators are proposed for uncoupled multivariable nonlinear plants with unknown dynamics. The contributions of this paper are to extend the emulators to multivariable non square s...In this paper, multimodel and neural emulators are proposed for uncoupled multivariable nonlinear plants with unknown dynamics. The contributions of this paper are to extend the emulators to multivariable non square systems and to propose a systematic method to compute the multimodel synthesis parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed emulators is shown through two simulation examples. The obtained results are very satisfactory, they illustrate the performance of both emulators and show the advantages of the multimodel emulator relatively to the neural one.展开更多
EMulate Therapeutics has developed a system for emulating the effects of solvated molecules via their magnetic field recordings. Recordings of magnetic field emissions of select small inhibitor RNAs (siRNAs;murine tar...EMulate Therapeutics has developed a system for emulating the effects of solvated molecules via their magnetic field recordings. Recordings of magnetic field emissions of select small inhibitor RNAs (siRNAs;murine targeting CTLA-4 and murine targeting PD-1) were tested on C57Bl/6 mice implanted subcutaneously with the GL261 murine tumor cell line. A signal composed of concatenated recordings of siRNA molecules targeting the murine CTLA-4 and PD-1 receptors (labeled A2) was used in immune competent C57Bl/6 mice. The mice were flank implanted with the murine glioblastoma cell line GL261. Mice were exposed to the signal continuously (24 hours a day) until tumor volumes reached the designated volume limit. Tumors were excised and analyzed via PAGE/Western blot for the expression of CTLA-4, PD-1, Ki67, Caspase 3, CD4 and CD8. Terminal blood draws were used for CBCs. We report the down regulation of the checkpoint inhibitors CTLA-4 in the exposed mice. Significant tumor volume reduction was observed in mice exposed to the siRNA signal compared to control mice;no adverse events were recorded. Cell blood counts (CBC) and protein expression patterns were observed to correlate with the expected function of protein expression inhibition of the targets.展开更多
Robust-by-design(RbD)is a design strategy that uses adversary emulation to strengthen the security of an information and communication infrastructure.It relies on two key components:the security twin and the threat ac...Robust-by-design(RbD)is a design strategy that uses adversary emulation to strengthen the security of an information and communication infrastructure.It relies on two key components:the security twin and the threat actor twins.The security twin is a detailed database that outlines the different parts of the infrastructure,how they are connected,and their vulnerabilities.It also highlights the types of attacks each part could enable.On the other hand,the twin of a threat actor describes its potential attack surface,the attacks it can carry out,its strategy,and its ultimate goal,if any.This information comes from threat intelligence.RbD conducts independent simulations of various threat actors against the security twin to identify all possible attack paths they could exploit.Three types of analysis use this information to improve the robustness and resilience of the infrastructure.The first analysis fills in the gaps in threat intelligence by extending in-formation on threat actors and vulnerabilities.The second analysis focuses on selecting countermeasures aimed at eliminating attack paths or at least reducing their chances of success.Possible countermeasures include patching vulnerabilities,adjusting firewall rules,and implementing network segmentation.Information on attack paths guides the choice and configuration of these countermeasures.Once the infrastructure twin is updated to reflect countermeasure deployment,RbD performs further simulations to uncover any new attack paths that could be exploited and to identify additional coun-termeasures.The final analysis seeks to address the risks associated with any remaining unaddressed attack paths.展开更多
Based on the research on the solidification of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, the analytical model of heterogeneous nucleation, the growth kinetics of tip （KGT） and columnar dendrite transformatio...Based on the research on the solidification of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, the analytical model of heterogeneous nucleation, the growth kinetics of tip （KGT） and columnar dendrite transformation to equiaxed dendrite （CET） of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip solidification was established by means of the principle of metal solidification and modem computer emulational technology. Meantime, based on the cellular automaton, the emulational model of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, solidification was established. The foundation for the emulational simulation of twin-roll casting thin strip solidification structure was laid. Meanwhile, the mathematical simulation feasibility was confirmed by using the solidification process of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip.展开更多
eMule是建立在点对点(peer to peer)技术上,以eDonkey协议为基础的文件共享软件。eMule的集中程度是混合性的,并非是完全无中心服务器。文章从协议的角度论述了eMule是如何实现文件共享,分析了客户端到服务器端、客户端到客户端之间的TC...eMule是建立在点对点(peer to peer)技术上,以eDonkey协议为基础的文件共享软件。eMule的集中程度是混合性的,并非是完全无中心服务器。文章从协议的角度论述了eMule是如何实现文件共享,分析了客户端到服务器端、客户端到客户端之间的TCP通讯、UDP通讯的原理及相关的信息序列图。展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)under Grant Nos.62171085,62272428,62001087,U20A20156,and 61871097the ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.HC-CN-20220722010。
文摘The proliferation of heterogeneous networks,such as the Internet of Things(IoT),unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)networks,and edge networks,has increased the complexity of network operation and administration,driving the emergence of digital twin networks(DTNs)that create digital-physical network mappings.While DTNs enable performance analysis through emulation testbeds,current research focuses on network-level systems,neglecting equipment-level emulation of critical components like core switches and routers.To address this issue,we propose v Fabric(short for virtual switch),a digital twin emulator for high-capacity core switching equipment.This solution implements virtual switching and network processor(NP)chip models through specialized processes,deployable on single or distributed servers via socket communication.The v Fabric emulator can realize the accurate emulation for the core switching equipment with 720 ports and 100 Gbit/s per port on the largest scale.To our knowledge,this represents the first digital twin emulation framework specifically designed for large-capacity core switching equipment in communication networks.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.62131012ZTE Industry-University-Institute Cooperation Funds under Grant No.IA20230712005。
文摘This paper presents a space network emulation system based on a user-space network stack named Nos to solve space networks'unique architecture and routing issues and kernel stacks'inefficiency and development complexity.Our low Earth orbit satellite scenario emulation verifies the dynamic routing function of the protocol stack.The proposed system uses technologies like Open vSwitch(OVS)and traffic control(TC)to emulate the space network's highly dynamic topology and time-varying link characteristics.The emulation results demonstrate the system's high reliability,and the user-space network stack reduces development complexity and debugging difficulty,providing convenience for the development of space network protocols and network functions.
基金Zhongheng Zhang received funding from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82272180,82472243)the China National Key Research and Development Program(2023YFC3603104)+5 种基金the Huadong Medicine Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LHDMD24H150001)the China National Key Research and Development Program(2022YFC2504500)a collaborative scientific project co-established by the Science and Technology Department of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Zhejiang Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GZY-ZJKJ-24082)the General Health Science and Technology Program of Zhejiang Province(2024KY1099)Project of Zhejiang University Longquan Innovation Center(ZJDXLQCXZCJBGS2024016)Hongying Ni received funding from Jinhua Science and Technology Planning Project(2024-3-047).
文摘Objective:To develop and demonstrate a comprehensive methodological framework for target trial emulation(TTE)implementation via post-laparoscopic septic shock fluid management as a clinical case study.Methods:We designed a simulated study of 10,000 patients in which colloid resuscitation was compared with crystalloid resuscitation.The framework incorporated precise eligibility criteria,standardized intervention protocols,and balanced treatment allocation with temporal anchoring.The primary analyses focused on 28-day mortality and were evaluated through survival analysis and comparative statistics.Results:The methodological framework successfully demonstrated the systematic implementation of TTE principles,providing reproducible protocols for eligibility determination,intervention standardization,and outcome assessment in observational studies.Conclusion:This work bridges the gap between TTE theory and practice by providing a detailed technical roadmap that enhances methodological transparency and reproducibility in comparative effectiveness research.
文摘In this paper a fuel cell emulator model suitable for each fuel cell type and power level is proposed. A power interface to the electronic load and a digital section are provided. The fuel cell steady-state, dynamic and thermal behaviour is modeled by the digital controller. The emulator architecture is deeply analyzed and remarks on hardware implementation algorithms are provided for further applications. The system is tested on a 10 W Proton Exchange Membrane （PEM） fuel cell and the high accuracy of the proposed emulator is shown by the comparison between experimental and simulation results.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61379016)
文摘In this paper,the transmission performances are studied in cognitive radio networks with primary user emulator and relay existence.In the proposed network,the users include primary users,secondary users and primary user emulators.The decreasing access priority of the users are primary users,primary user emulators and secondary users.Different user access to the network results in different transmission effects.We impose interference power constraints on the secondary users to protect the primary users from being interfered.We also adopt the transmission mechanism that transits among more than one secondary transmitters,secondary receivers and relays.The transition models of the transmission states are proposed to describe the transmission mechanism.To investigate the transmission performances,the theory of effective capacity is adopted.The transmission performances in terms of effective capacity are expressed and demonstrated under different transmission policies.The overall effective capacity,as the overall data traffic in the cognitive radio network,is calculated.Besides,the overall effective capacity is demonstrated under different transmission strategies.The results show the greedy transmission strategy outperforms the rest of the transmission 8 policies in the overall effective capacity.For a larger number of the users,the effective capacity converges to a certain value.
文摘The mathematical physics model of mine methane and coal dust explosion propagation was established in the research,by using continuous phase,combustion,par- ticulate equations of mathematical physics.Based upon the data from mine methane drainage roadway explosion,and mine methane and coal dust explosion propagation ex- perimental studies,the numerical emulator system of mine methane and coal dust explo- sion software was developed by using prevalent flow simulation platform,which can be used to simulate the explosion accidents process effectively.In addition,the system can also be used to determine whether coal dust involved in the explosion,and to simulate accurately the transition from deflagration to detonation in methane explosion,propagation velocity of explosion shock,attenuation pattern,and affected area of explosion.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51377124 and 51221005)the Foundation for the Author of National Excellent Doctoral Dissertation of China(Grant No.201337)+1 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University of China(Grant No.NCET-13-0457)the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China(Grant No.2012JQ7026)
文摘As commercial memristors are still unavailable in the market, mathematic models and emulators which can imitate the features of the mernristor are meaningful for further research. In this paper, based on the analyses of characteristics of the q-φ curve, an exponential flux-controlled model, which has the quality that its memductance （memristance） will keep monotonically increasing or decreasing unless the voltage＇s polarity reverses （if not approach the boundaries）, is constructed. A new approach to designing the floating emulator of the memristor is also proposed. This floating structure can flexibly meet various demands for the current through the memristor （especially the demand for a larger current）. The simulations and experiments are presented to confirm the effectiveness of this model and its floating emulator.
文摘Power system inherently consists of capacitance and inductance in its components. Equipment with saturable inductance and circuit capacitance provides circumstances of generating ferroresonance, resulting in overvoltage and overcurrent in the connected system. The effects of ferroresonance result in insulation failure and hence damage to the equipment is unavoidable. Though many devices are proposed for mitigating such circumstances, a promising technology of using memristors may provide better performance than others in the future. A memristor emulator using the N-channel JFET J310 is used in this work. Unlike other electronic components that replicate memristor properties, the chosen memristor emulator is a passive device since it does not need any external power supply. Simulation and experimental results verify the design of a memristor emulator and the characteristics of an ideal memristor. Experimental results prove that the memristor emulator can suppress the fundamental ferroresonance induced in a prototype single phase transformer. The results of the harmonic analysis also validate the memristor performance against the conventional technique.
文摘This paper presents the modeling, simulation and practical implementation of an inverter-based diesel generator emulator. The main purpose of this emulator is for the study of frequency variations in diesel-based autonomous power systems in a laboratory environment where the operation of a real diesel generator is not possible. The emulator basically consists in a voltage source inverter with a second order output filter which voltage references are given by the model of the diesel generator. The control of the emulator is based on the digital signal processor TMS320F2812, where the mathematical models of the diesel generator and the control of the inverter are computed in real-time. Parameters for the model were obtained from commercially available components. Experimental results for different values of speed droop showed that the emulator achieves a satisfactory performance in the transient and stationary response. For the stationary response, the measured frequency deviates from theoretical values with a mean absolute error of: 0.06 Hz for 0% droop, 0.037 Hz for 3% droop, and 0.087 Hz for 5% droop. For the transient response, the measured frequency nadir deviates from simulations in: 0.05 Hz for 0% droop, 0.02 Hz for 3% droop, and 0.1 Hz for 5% droop.
文摘This paper investigates the subjective assessment of QoE of web and video services over a mobile network. To achieve this, the authors used the network emulator (NetEm) traffic control functionality to simulate the dynamic behaviour of a mobile network. Experiments were conducted in a laboratory setting and test conditions were varied to ascertain the QoE, with a focus on QoE metrics such as delay and packet loss ratio. From the experiments conducted, it was observed that there was a negative correlation between delay and average mean opinion score (MOS), and between packet loss ratio and average MOS. The results obtained can be adopted by network operators to provide better services which would lead to improved subscriber base and profitability for the operators and better QoE for the end users.
文摘This work aims at developing an automatic system for the control of the APS （air plasma spraying） plasma process in which some instability phenomena are present. APS is a versatile technique to produce coatings of powder material at high deposition rates. Using this technique, powder particles are injected into a plasma jet, where they are melted and accelerated towards a substrate. The coating microstructures and properties depend strongly on the characteristics of the plasma jet, which can be controlled by the adjustment of the process parameters. However, the imeractions among the spray variables, render optimization and control of this process are quite complex. Understanding relationships between coating properties and process parameters is mandatory to optimize the process technique and the product quality. We are interested in this work to build an on-line control model for the APS process based on the elements of artificial intelligence and to build an emulator that replicates the dynamic behavior of the process as closely as possible.
文摘Emulating massively parallel computer architectures represents a very important tool for the parallel programmers. It allows them to implement and validate their algorithms. Due to the high cost of the massively parallel real machines, they remain unavailable and not popular in the parallel computing community. The goal of this paper is to present an elaborated emulator of a 2-D massively parallel re-configurable mesh computer of size n x n processing elements (PE). Basing on the object modeling method, we develop a hard kernel of a parallel virtual machine in which we translate all the physical properties of its different components. A parallel programming language and its compiler are also devel-oped to edit, compile and run programs. The developed emulator is a multi platform system. It can be installed in any sequential computer whatever may be its operating system and its processing unit technology (CPU). The size n x n of this virtual re-configurable mesh is not limited;it depends just on the performance of the sequential machine supporting the emulator.
文摘In this paper, multimodel and neural emulators are proposed for uncoupled multivariable nonlinear plants with unknown dynamics. The contributions of this paper are to extend the emulators to multivariable non square systems and to propose a systematic method to compute the multimodel synthesis parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed emulators is shown through two simulation examples. The obtained results are very satisfactory, they illustrate the performance of both emulators and show the advantages of the multimodel emulator relatively to the neural one.
文摘EMulate Therapeutics has developed a system for emulating the effects of solvated molecules via their magnetic field recordings. Recordings of magnetic field emissions of select small inhibitor RNAs (siRNAs;murine targeting CTLA-4 and murine targeting PD-1) were tested on C57Bl/6 mice implanted subcutaneously with the GL261 murine tumor cell line. A signal composed of concatenated recordings of siRNA molecules targeting the murine CTLA-4 and PD-1 receptors (labeled A2) was used in immune competent C57Bl/6 mice. The mice were flank implanted with the murine glioblastoma cell line GL261. Mice were exposed to the signal continuously (24 hours a day) until tumor volumes reached the designated volume limit. Tumors were excised and analyzed via PAGE/Western blot for the expression of CTLA-4, PD-1, Ki67, Caspase 3, CD4 and CD8. Terminal blood draws were used for CBCs. We report the down regulation of the checkpoint inhibitors CTLA-4 in the exposed mice. Significant tumor volume reduction was observed in mice exposed to the siRNA signal compared to control mice;no adverse events were recorded. Cell blood counts (CBC) and protein expression patterns were observed to correlate with the expected function of protein expression inhibition of the targets.
文摘Robust-by-design(RbD)is a design strategy that uses adversary emulation to strengthen the security of an information and communication infrastructure.It relies on two key components:the security twin and the threat actor twins.The security twin is a detailed database that outlines the different parts of the infrastructure,how they are connected,and their vulnerabilities.It also highlights the types of attacks each part could enable.On the other hand,the twin of a threat actor describes its potential attack surface,the attacks it can carry out,its strategy,and its ultimate goal,if any.This information comes from threat intelligence.RbD conducts independent simulations of various threat actors against the security twin to identify all possible attack paths they could exploit.Three types of analysis use this information to improve the robustness and resilience of the infrastructure.The first analysis fills in the gaps in threat intelligence by extending in-formation on threat actors and vulnerabilities.The second analysis focuses on selecting countermeasures aimed at eliminating attack paths or at least reducing their chances of success.Possible countermeasures include patching vulnerabilities,adjusting firewall rules,and implementing network segmentation.Information on attack paths guides the choice and configuration of these countermeasures.Once the infrastructure twin is updated to reflect countermeasure deployment,RbD performs further simulations to uncover any new attack paths that could be exploited and to identify additional coun-termeasures.The final analysis seeks to address the risks associated with any remaining unaddressed attack paths.
基金Project (u0837601) supported by the New Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject (50874054) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Based on the research on the solidification of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, the analytical model of heterogeneous nucleation, the growth kinetics of tip （KGT） and columnar dendrite transformation to equiaxed dendrite （CET） of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip solidification was established by means of the principle of metal solidification and modem computer emulational technology. Meantime, based on the cellular automaton, the emulational model of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip, solidification was established. The foundation for the emulational simulation of twin-roll casting thin strip solidification structure was laid. Meanwhile, the mathematical simulation feasibility was confirmed by using the solidification process of twin-roll continuous casting aluminum thin strip.
文摘eMule是建立在点对点(peer to peer)技术上,以eDonkey协议为基础的文件共享软件。eMule的集中程度是混合性的,并非是完全无中心服务器。文章从协议的角度论述了eMule是如何实现文件共享,分析了客户端到服务器端、客户端到客户端之间的TCP通讯、UDP通讯的原理及相关的信息序列图。
