Autism,also known as autism spectrum disorder(ASD),is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with differences in emotional processing and social communication.Electroencephalogram(EEG)analysis presents a unique ave...Autism,also known as autism spectrum disorder(ASD),is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with differences in emotional processing and social communication.Electroencephalogram(EEG)analysis presents a unique avenue for exploring its underlying neural evolutionary mechanisms.To this end,this study explored the similarities and differences in emotional processing between children with ASD(ASD group)and those without ASD(control group)using EEG.The final analysis included 45 children:22 with ASD(mean age=5.29,age range:2–8)and 23 without ASD(mean age=4.37,age range:2–6).EEG signals were synchronously collected during stimulation with a series of emotional videos.The t-tests on the collected EEG data were performed to determine any statistical differences in power spectral density,sample entropy,and differential entropy values between the groups.A functional connectivity analysis was also performed for a more comprehensive understanding.SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)were applied to validate the findings,ensuring their robustness and reliability.The results showed that the ASD group exhibited reduced beta-band activity in the frontal regions and enhanced delta-band activity in the temporo–occipital areas compared to the control group.Entropy analyses revealed lower brain complexity in the ASD group.Functional connectivity results showed increased high-frequency synchronization in the ASD group but more coordinated low-frequency connectivity patterns in the control group.Moreover,the application of SHAP-based analysis with XGBoost confirmed the significance and predictive value of betaand delta-band features in the frontal and occipital regions,providing potential biomarkers for distinct emotional processing in individuals with ASD.Overall,this study holds potential to facilitate the understanding of the neuronal mechanisms underlying emotional processing in individuals with ASD and inform the development of targeted neurotherapeutic interventions.展开更多
Emotional facial expressions are important cues for interaction between people. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain function when processing fearful facial expressions in offenders with two psychiatr...Emotional facial expressions are important cues for interaction between people. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain function when processing fearful facial expressions in offenders with two psychiatric disorders which include impaired emotional facial perception;autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychopathy (PSY). Fourteen offenders undergoing forensic psychiatric assessment (7 with ASD, and 7 psychopathic offenders) and 12 healthy controls (HC) viewed fearful and neutral faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activity (fearful versus neutral faces) was compared both between HC and offenders and between the two offender groups (PSY and ASD). Functional co-activation was also investigated. The offenders had increased activity bilaterally in amygdala and medial cingulate cortex as well as the left hippocampus during processing fearful facial expressions compared to HC. The two subgroups of offenders differed in five regions compared with each other. Results from functional co-activation analysis suggested a strong correlation between the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the left hemisphere only in the PSY group. These findings suggest enhanced neural processing of fearful faces in the amygdala as well as in other facial processing brain areas in offenders compared to HC. Moreover, the co-activation between amygdala and ACC in the PSY but not the ASD group suggested qualitative differences in amygdala activity in the two groups. Since the sample size is small the study should be regarded as a pilot study.展开更多
The combination of electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) is a very attractive aim in neuroscience in order to achieve both high temporal and spatial resolution for the non-invasive...The combination of electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) is a very attractive aim in neuroscience in order to achieve both high temporal and spatial resolution for the non-invasive study of cognitive brain function. In this paper, we record simultaneous EEG-fMRI of the same subject in emotional processing experiment in order to explore the characteristics of different emotional picture processing, and try to find the difference of the subjects' brain hemisphere while viewing different valence emotional pictures. The late positive potential(LPP) is a reliable electrophysiological index of emotional perception in humans. According to the analysis results, the slow-wave LPP and visual cortical blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals are both modulated by the rated intensity of picture arousal. The amplitude of the LPP correlate significantly with BOLD intensity in visual cortex, amygdala, temporal area, prefrontal and central areas across picture contents.展开更多
Social cognition constitutes a fundamental component in establishing and maintaining healthy interpersonal relationships,achieving social goals,and effectively regulating emotions within social contexts.Inspired by a ...Social cognition constitutes a fundamental component in establishing and maintaining healthy interpersonal relationships,achieving social goals,and effectively regulating emotions within social contexts.Inspired by a recent study examining the chain mediating roles of perceived social adversity and security in the relationship between impulsive personality and suicidal behaviors among depressed adolescents,this editorial synthesizes advances in social cognition research specific to adolescent depression.Research methodologies,theoretical frameworks,and neuroscientific insights in this domain have evolved substantially over the past fifteen years.Whereas earlier investigations primarily emphasized broad behavioral observations,contemporary research increasingly integrates neuroimaging techniques,computational modeling,and refined experimental paradigms.Current understanding of specific cognitive biases such as distinctions between interpretive and attentional biases has also grown more nuanced.This editorial reflects the evolving nature of the field by presenting shifts in research focus and demonstrating how these changes have deepened our understanding of social-cognitive functioning in adolescent depression.Building on this synthesis,we outline limitations of extant research and suggest promising directions for future inquiry.展开更多
Online reviews and comments are important information resources for people.A new model,called Sentiment Vector Space Model(SVSM),for feature selection and weighting is proposed to predict the sentiment orientation of ...Online reviews and comments are important information resources for people.A new model,called Sentiment Vector Space Model(SVSM),for feature selection and weighting is proposed to predict the sentiment orientation of comments and reviews,e.g.,sorting out positive reviews from negative ones.Different from that of topic-oriented classification,feature selection of sentiment orientation prediction focuses on language characteristics.Different from traditional algorithms for sentiment classification,this model integrates grammatical knowledge and takes topic correlations into account.Features are extracted,and the similarity between these features and the topic are also computed.The feature similarity is taken as a factor when evaluating the polarity of opinions.The experimental results show that the proposed model is more effective in identifying sentiment orientation than most of the traditional techniques.展开更多
Processing emotional and social information are two closely related and evolutionarily conserved fundamental domains that promote survival and health across species[1].However,extensive human neuroimaging studies have...Processing emotional and social information are two closely related and evolutionarily conserved fundamental domains that promote survival and health across species[1].However,extensive human neuroimaging studies have yielded inconsistent findings.For instance,the amygdala,a key brain region engaged in social-affective cognition,often lacks differential“activation”during the“emotional vs.neutral faces”contrast[2],[3].展开更多
Response inhibition,a crucial component of executive function,is closely related to personal impulse control,social adaption,and mental health.Previous studies have found response inhibition deficit in patients with m...Response inhibition,a crucial component of executive function,is closely related to personal impulse control,social adaption,and mental health.Previous studies have found response inhibition deficit in patients with major depressive disorder,but whether it also exists in individuals with subclinical depression(SD)remains unclear.This study aimed to identify the ability of response inhibition to emotional face stimuli both under explicit and implicit conditions in individuals with SD.Thirty-six subclinical depressed college students and 39 healthy individuals were recruited and administered the non-emotional,explicit,and implicit emotional stop-signal tasks(SSTs).Mixed-model analyses of variance were used to analyze the differences between and within groups.In implicit emotional SST,the results showed a significant longer stop-signal response time,a shorter stop-signal delay time,a shorter go reaction time,and a similar proportion of stop success in the SD group compared to healthy controls.However,the above indices showed no significant difference between the two groups in the non-emotional SST and explicit emotional SST.These findings suggest a possible defect of response inhibition in implicit emotional processing in individuals with SD,which may potentially serve as a marker of susceptibility to depression and thus be applied to early screening and intervention for major depressive disorder.展开更多
Binocular rivalry,a visual perception phenomenon where two or more percepts alternate every few seconds when distinct stimuli are presented to the two eyes,has been reported as a biomarker in several psychiatric disor...Binocular rivalry,a visual perception phenomenon where two or more percepts alternate every few seconds when distinct stimuli are presented to the two eyes,has been reported as a biomarker in several psychiatric disorders.It is unclear whether abnormalities of binocular rivalry in depression could occur when emotional rivaling stimuli are used,and if so,whether an emotional binocular rivalry test could provide a trait-dependent or statedependent biomarker.In the current study,34 individuals with subthreshold depression and 31 non-depressed individuals performed a binocular rivalry task associated with implicit emotional processing.Participants were required to report their perceived orientations of the rival gratings in the foreground and to neglect emotional face stimuli in the background.The participants were retested after an approximately 4-month time interval.Compared to the non-depressed group,the subthreshold depression group showed significantly longer perceptual dominance durations of the grating with emotional faces as the background(i.e.,implicit emotional dominance)at the initial assessment.However,the abnormality was not found at the follow-up assessment.More importantly,we found smaller changes in depressive severity at the follow-up assessment for individuals displaying longer emotional dominance at the initial assessment than for individuals with weaker emotional dominance.The current emotional binocular rivalry test may provide an objective,state-dependent biomarker for distinguishing individuals with subthreshold depression from non-depressed individuals.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.62507023,62477035,and 62377018)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2025M771649)+1 种基金the self-determined research funds of Central China Normal University from the colleges’basic research and operation of Ministry of Education,China(Grant Nos.CCNU24XJ018 and CCNU24JCPT037)Open Project of Hubei Key Laboratory of Multimedia Network Communication Engineering(Grant No.HKLMNCE24KF03).
文摘Autism,also known as autism spectrum disorder(ASD),is a neurodevelopmental condition associated with differences in emotional processing and social communication.Electroencephalogram(EEG)analysis presents a unique avenue for exploring its underlying neural evolutionary mechanisms.To this end,this study explored the similarities and differences in emotional processing between children with ASD(ASD group)and those without ASD(control group)using EEG.The final analysis included 45 children:22 with ASD(mean age=5.29,age range:2–8)and 23 without ASD(mean age=4.37,age range:2–6).EEG signals were synchronously collected during stimulation with a series of emotional videos.The t-tests on the collected EEG data were performed to determine any statistical differences in power spectral density,sample entropy,and differential entropy values between the groups.A functional connectivity analysis was also performed for a more comprehensive understanding.SHapley Additive exPlanations(SHAP)were applied to validate the findings,ensuring their robustness and reliability.The results showed that the ASD group exhibited reduced beta-band activity in the frontal regions and enhanced delta-band activity in the temporo–occipital areas compared to the control group.Entropy analyses revealed lower brain complexity in the ASD group.Functional connectivity results showed increased high-frequency synchronization in the ASD group but more coordinated low-frequency connectivity patterns in the control group.Moreover,the application of SHAP-based analysis with XGBoost confirmed the significance and predictive value of betaand delta-band features in the frontal and occipital regions,providing potential biomarkers for distinct emotional processing in individuals with ASD.Overall,this study holds potential to facilitate the understanding of the neuronal mechanisms underlying emotional processing in individuals with ASD and inform the development of targeted neurotherapeutic interventions.
基金Financial support was provided through the regional agreement on medical training and clinical research between Stockholm County Council and the Karolinska Institutet(ALF)grants from the National Board of Forensic Medicine in Swedenfunded by grants from the Swedish Research Council.
文摘Emotional facial expressions are important cues for interaction between people. The aim of the present study was to investigate brain function when processing fearful facial expressions in offenders with two psychiatric disorders which include impaired emotional facial perception;autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and psychopathy (PSY). Fourteen offenders undergoing forensic psychiatric assessment (7 with ASD, and 7 psychopathic offenders) and 12 healthy controls (HC) viewed fearful and neutral faces while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Brain activity (fearful versus neutral faces) was compared both between HC and offenders and between the two offender groups (PSY and ASD). Functional co-activation was also investigated. The offenders had increased activity bilaterally in amygdala and medial cingulate cortex as well as the left hippocampus during processing fearful facial expressions compared to HC. The two subgroups of offenders differed in five regions compared with each other. Results from functional co-activation analysis suggested a strong correlation between the amygdala and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the left hemisphere only in the PSY group. These findings suggest enhanced neural processing of fearful faces in the amygdala as well as in other facial processing brain areas in offenders compared to HC. Moreover, the co-activation between amygdala and ACC in the PSY but not the ASD group suggested qualitative differences in amygdala activity in the two groups. Since the sample size is small the study should be regarded as a pilot study.
基金The Open Project of the State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System at Harbin Institute of Technologygrant number:SKLRS-2010-2D-09,SKLRS-2010-MS-10+5 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of Chinagrant number:61201096Natural Science Foundation of Changzhou Citygrant number:CJ20110023Changzhou High-tech Reasearch Key Laboratory Projectgrant number:CM20123006
文摘The combination of electroencephalogram (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) is a very attractive aim in neuroscience in order to achieve both high temporal and spatial resolution for the non-invasive study of cognitive brain function. In this paper, we record simultaneous EEG-fMRI of the same subject in emotional processing experiment in order to explore the characteristics of different emotional picture processing, and try to find the difference of the subjects' brain hemisphere while viewing different valence emotional pictures. The late positive potential(LPP) is a reliable electrophysiological index of emotional perception in humans. According to the analysis results, the slow-wave LPP and visual cortical blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals are both modulated by the rated intensity of picture arousal. The amplitude of the LPP correlate significantly with BOLD intensity in visual cortex, amygdala, temporal area, prefrontal and central areas across picture contents.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82101595.
文摘Social cognition constitutes a fundamental component in establishing and maintaining healthy interpersonal relationships,achieving social goals,and effectively regulating emotions within social contexts.Inspired by a recent study examining the chain mediating roles of perceived social adversity and security in the relationship between impulsive personality and suicidal behaviors among depressed adolescents,this editorial synthesizes advances in social cognition research specific to adolescent depression.Research methodologies,theoretical frameworks,and neuroscientific insights in this domain have evolved substantially over the past fifteen years.Whereas earlier investigations primarily emphasized broad behavioral observations,contemporary research increasingly integrates neuroimaging techniques,computational modeling,and refined experimental paradigms.Current understanding of specific cognitive biases such as distinctions between interpretive and attentional biases has also grown more nuanced.This editorial reflects the evolving nature of the field by presenting shifts in research focus and demonstrating how these changes have deepened our understanding of social-cognitive functioning in adolescent depression.Building on this synthesis,we outline limitations of extant research and suggest promising directions for future inquiry.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. 60703032,and Science and Technology Development Center of the Ministry of Education,China
文摘Online reviews and comments are important information resources for people.A new model,called Sentiment Vector Space Model(SVSM),for feature selection and weighting is proposed to predict the sentiment orientation of comments and reviews,e.g.,sorting out positive reviews from negative ones.Different from that of topic-oriented classification,feature selection of sentiment orientation prediction focuses on language characteristics.Different from traditional algorithms for sentiment classification,this model integrates grammatical knowledge and takes topic correlations into account.Features are extracted,and the similarity between these features and the topic are also computed.The feature similarity is taken as a factor when evaluating the polarity of opinions.The experimental results show that the proposed model is more effective in identifying sentiment orientation than most of the traditional techniques.
文摘Processing emotional and social information are two closely related and evolutionarily conserved fundamental domains that promote survival and health across species[1].However,extensive human neuroimaging studies have yielded inconsistent findings.For instance,the amygdala,a key brain region engaged in social-affective cognition,often lacks differential“activation”during the“emotional vs.neutral faces”contrast[2],[3].
基金The Humanities and Social Science Research Projectt,Ministry of Education,China,Grant/Award Number:19YJA190006The Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Numbers:ZR2017LC023,ZR2021MC103+1 种基金The Postgraduate Tutor Guidance Ability Improvement Project of Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:SDYY18148Science and Technology Innovation Competition of College Students in Shandong Province,Grant/Award Number:S202010438041。
文摘Response inhibition,a crucial component of executive function,is closely related to personal impulse control,social adaption,and mental health.Previous studies have found response inhibition deficit in patients with major depressive disorder,but whether it also exists in individuals with subclinical depression(SD)remains unclear.This study aimed to identify the ability of response inhibition to emotional face stimuli both under explicit and implicit conditions in individuals with SD.Thirty-six subclinical depressed college students and 39 healthy individuals were recruited and administered the non-emotional,explicit,and implicit emotional stop-signal tasks(SSTs).Mixed-model analyses of variance were used to analyze the differences between and within groups.In implicit emotional SST,the results showed a significant longer stop-signal response time,a shorter stop-signal delay time,a shorter go reaction time,and a similar proportion of stop success in the SD group compared to healthy controls.However,the above indices showed no significant difference between the two groups in the non-emotional SST and explicit emotional SST.These findings suggest a possible defect of response inhibition in implicit emotional processing in individuals with SD,which may potentially serve as a marker of susceptibility to depression and thus be applied to early screening and intervention for major depressive disorder.
基金Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department,Grant/Award Number:ZK[2021]119National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:31760289,32160198。
文摘Binocular rivalry,a visual perception phenomenon where two or more percepts alternate every few seconds when distinct stimuli are presented to the two eyes,has been reported as a biomarker in several psychiatric disorders.It is unclear whether abnormalities of binocular rivalry in depression could occur when emotional rivaling stimuli are used,and if so,whether an emotional binocular rivalry test could provide a trait-dependent or statedependent biomarker.In the current study,34 individuals with subthreshold depression and 31 non-depressed individuals performed a binocular rivalry task associated with implicit emotional processing.Participants were required to report their perceived orientations of the rival gratings in the foreground and to neglect emotional face stimuli in the background.The participants were retested after an approximately 4-month time interval.Compared to the non-depressed group,the subthreshold depression group showed significantly longer perceptual dominance durations of the grating with emotional faces as the background(i.e.,implicit emotional dominance)at the initial assessment.However,the abnormality was not found at the follow-up assessment.More importantly,we found smaller changes in depressive severity at the follow-up assessment for individuals displaying longer emotional dominance at the initial assessment than for individuals with weaker emotional dominance.The current emotional binocular rivalry test may provide an objective,state-dependent biomarker for distinguishing individuals with subthreshold depression from non-depressed individuals.
