Flight recording systems(FRS)are specialized electronic devices installed on aircraft to continuously record flight parameters,audio,video and data-link information throughout the flight.An FRS that contains a Flight ...Flight recording systems(FRS)are specialized electronic devices installed on aircraft to continuously record flight parameters,audio,video and data-link information throughout the flight.An FRS that contains a Flight Data Recorder(FDR),or a combination of an FDR and a Cockpit Voice Recorder(CVR),is commonly referred to as a“black box”.Civil aircraft FRS is vital in supporting the investigation of aviation accidents and incidents.However,traditional fixed recorders face critical limitations in extreme crash scenarios,such as pelagic environment,ocean currents,mountainous terrain,and muddy environments,which severely hinder timely data recovery.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future development of FRS.This review first traces the evolution of FRS from analog foil and magnetic tape-based devices to modern solid-state recorders,highlighting key technological advances in storage media,crash survivability,and system integration.Then,the limitations of traditional FRS in severe accidents are analyzed including long retrieval cycles,high costs,and other technical inadequacies.To address these limitations,next-generation FRS are being developed with smart,deployable,and equipped with emergency capabilities.These advanced systems incorporate autonomous separation mechanisms,parachute-assisted descent,airbag flotation,and real-time data transmission to ensure data preservation and improve search and rescue efficiency.Major aerospace manufacturers,including Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China,Ltd.(COMAC),Airbus,and Boeing,are actively pursuing full-attitude in-flight emergency separation technologies.Finally,the paper explores emerging trends in FRS technology,focusing on high-reliability,high-safety separation mechanisms,cloud-based recording systems,data security and usage,innovations in materials and structural design,and the harmonization of international standards.展开更多
基金supported by Shanghai Central Guidance Science and Technology Development Fund(Grant No.YDZX20233100004008)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.NS2024044).
文摘Flight recording systems(FRS)are specialized electronic devices installed on aircraft to continuously record flight parameters,audio,video and data-link information throughout the flight.An FRS that contains a Flight Data Recorder(FDR),or a combination of an FDR and a Cockpit Voice Recorder(CVR),is commonly referred to as a“black box”.Civil aircraft FRS is vital in supporting the investigation of aviation accidents and incidents.However,traditional fixed recorders face critical limitations in extreme crash scenarios,such as pelagic environment,ocean currents,mountainous terrain,and muddy environments,which severely hinder timely data recovery.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future development of FRS.This review first traces the evolution of FRS from analog foil and magnetic tape-based devices to modern solid-state recorders,highlighting key technological advances in storage media,crash survivability,and system integration.Then,the limitations of traditional FRS in severe accidents are analyzed including long retrieval cycles,high costs,and other technical inadequacies.To address these limitations,next-generation FRS are being developed with smart,deployable,and equipped with emergency capabilities.These advanced systems incorporate autonomous separation mechanisms,parachute-assisted descent,airbag flotation,and real-time data transmission to ensure data preservation and improve search and rescue efficiency.Major aerospace manufacturers,including Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China,Ltd.(COMAC),Airbus,and Boeing,are actively pursuing full-attitude in-flight emergency separation technologies.Finally,the paper explores emerging trends in FRS technology,focusing on high-reliability,high-safety separation mechanisms,cloud-based recording systems,data security and usage,innovations in materials and structural design,and the harmonization of international standards.
