Plants have evolved constitutive and inductive defense mechanisms to protect themselves from herbivorous insects.Metabolites in plants are thought to be involved in response to herbivores.Bambusa emeiensis is an impor...Plants have evolved constitutive and inductive defense mechanisms to protect themselves from herbivorous insects.Metabolites in plants are thought to be involved in response to herbivores.Bambusa emeiensis is an important bamboo species widely distributed in Southwest China.It is easy to attract herbivores such as Cyrtotrachelus buqueti.Through the detection and analysis of metabolites in B.emeiensis metabolomic data,35 differential metabolites(biomarkers)were finally identified from 206 detection peaks,mainly primary metabolites.Subsequently,we conducted an association analysis between 35 biomarkers that annotated to be involved in 71 metabolic pathways in the metabolome and 324 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in 207 gene expression pathways distributed in the transcriptome of B.emeiensis after feeding by C.buqueti.We also discussed the relationship between the changes in gene expression levels and metabolite content variation.A total of 47 integrated pathways containing the corresponding DEGs and biomarkers were screened out,with the amino acid synthesis pathway(ko01230)containing the most DEGs and biomarkers.In these integrated pathways,the changes in biomarkers content and the expression levels of the corresponding genes were generally consistent.For example,the increase in tryptophan content was accompanied by an increase in the expression of the corresponding catalase in the tryptophan synthesis pathway.Similar to this was glucose and trehalose in carbohydrate metabolism.Therefore,this study further deepened our understanding of the defense mechanism of B.emeiensis against bamboo pests and provided new insights for the prevention and control of bamboo diseases and pests.展开更多
以竹(Bambusa emeiensis)浆粕为原料,不同含水率的异丙醇和乙醇为反应介质,采用淤浆法制备羧甲基纤维素(CMC),并通过气相色谱法(GC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和X-射线衍射法(XRD)对原料和产物的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,制备CM...以竹(Bambusa emeiensis)浆粕为原料,不同含水率的异丙醇和乙醇为反应介质,采用淤浆法制备羧甲基纤维素(CMC),并通过气相色谱法(GC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和X-射线衍射法(XRD)对原料和产物的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,制备CMC的碱化和醚化条件及用量为竹浆粕5 g,30%的氢氧化钠17.5 m L,氯乙酸11.5 g,碱化温度25℃,醚化温度60℃,得到的最佳反应介质是含水率10%的乙醇。在此工艺条件下,CMC的增重率和黏度分别为30%和1 720 m Pa·s。展开更多
To understand the sequestration characteristics and mechanisms of soil PhytOC(phytolith-occluded organic carbon)in large-diameter bamboo forests,the soil PhytOC accumulation of the P.edulis forests and B.emeiensis for...To understand the sequestration characteristics and mechanisms of soil PhytOC(phytolith-occluded organic carbon)in large-diameter bamboo forests,the soil PhytOC accumulation of the P.edulis forests and B.emeiensis forests in the karst and non-karst zones of southwest China were studied by the methods of field sampling,laboratory measurement,and statistic analysis.The study yielded the following results and conclusions:1)The PhytOC content and storage in the 0‒30 cm soil profile of the P.edulis forests range from 0.16‒1.85 g kg^(‒1)and 0.14‒1.41 t hm^(‒2),respectively.Similarly,the PhytOC content and storage in the 0‒30 cm soil profile of the B.emeiensis forests vary between 0.56‒2.44 g kg^(‒1)and 0.49‒2.07 t hm^(‒2),respectively.2)Stand age and bedrock type significantly influence the accumulation of soil PhytOC in both P.edulis forests and B.emeiensis forests.The mature forests exhibit the highest soil PhytOC content and storage in both types of bamboo forests.Additionally,the soil PhytOC content in karst bamboo forests is notably higher compared to that in the non-karst area.3)Soil available Si is identified as one of the critical factors affecting the soil PhytOC accumulation in bamboo forests.Results of the present study are of great significance for estimating the phytolith carbon sequestration capacity of bamboo forests and for bamboo forest construction and management aimed at enhancing carbon sequestration.展开更多
基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2019YFG0139).
文摘Plants have evolved constitutive and inductive defense mechanisms to protect themselves from herbivorous insects.Metabolites in plants are thought to be involved in response to herbivores.Bambusa emeiensis is an important bamboo species widely distributed in Southwest China.It is easy to attract herbivores such as Cyrtotrachelus buqueti.Through the detection and analysis of metabolites in B.emeiensis metabolomic data,35 differential metabolites(biomarkers)were finally identified from 206 detection peaks,mainly primary metabolites.Subsequently,we conducted an association analysis between 35 biomarkers that annotated to be involved in 71 metabolic pathways in the metabolome and 324 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)in 207 gene expression pathways distributed in the transcriptome of B.emeiensis after feeding by C.buqueti.We also discussed the relationship between the changes in gene expression levels and metabolite content variation.A total of 47 integrated pathways containing the corresponding DEGs and biomarkers were screened out,with the amino acid synthesis pathway(ko01230)containing the most DEGs and biomarkers.In these integrated pathways,the changes in biomarkers content and the expression levels of the corresponding genes were generally consistent.For example,the increase in tryptophan content was accompanied by an increase in the expression of the corresponding catalase in the tryptophan synthesis pathway.Similar to this was glucose and trehalose in carbohydrate metabolism.Therefore,this study further deepened our understanding of the defense mechanism of B.emeiensis against bamboo pests and provided new insights for the prevention and control of bamboo diseases and pests.
文摘以竹(Bambusa emeiensis)浆粕为原料,不同含水率的异丙醇和乙醇为反应介质,采用淤浆法制备羧甲基纤维素(CMC),并通过气相色谱法(GC)、傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FTIR)和X-射线衍射法(XRD)对原料和产物的结构和性能进行表征。结果表明,制备CMC的碱化和醚化条件及用量为竹浆粕5 g,30%的氢氧化钠17.5 m L,氯乙酸11.5 g,碱化温度25℃,醚化温度60℃,得到的最佳反应介质是含水率10%的乙醇。在此工艺条件下,CMC的增重率和黏度分别为30%和1 720 m Pa·s。
基金Financial support for this study was provided by the Science and Technology Program of Guizhou Province(Grant Nos.Qainkehe Zhicheng[2024]yiban120Qainkehe Zhicheng[2023]yiban210)+1 种基金the Project of Central Finance Guides Local Scientific and Technological Development(Grant No.Qiankehe Zhongyindi[2023]028)the Guizhou Normal University Academic New Talent Fund Project(Grant No.Qianshi Xinmiao[2022]21).
文摘To understand the sequestration characteristics and mechanisms of soil PhytOC(phytolith-occluded organic carbon)in large-diameter bamboo forests,the soil PhytOC accumulation of the P.edulis forests and B.emeiensis forests in the karst and non-karst zones of southwest China were studied by the methods of field sampling,laboratory measurement,and statistic analysis.The study yielded the following results and conclusions:1)The PhytOC content and storage in the 0‒30 cm soil profile of the P.edulis forests range from 0.16‒1.85 g kg^(‒1)and 0.14‒1.41 t hm^(‒2),respectively.Similarly,the PhytOC content and storage in the 0‒30 cm soil profile of the B.emeiensis forests vary between 0.56‒2.44 g kg^(‒1)and 0.49‒2.07 t hm^(‒2),respectively.2)Stand age and bedrock type significantly influence the accumulation of soil PhytOC in both P.edulis forests and B.emeiensis forests.The mature forests exhibit the highest soil PhytOC content and storage in both types of bamboo forests.Additionally,the soil PhytOC content in karst bamboo forests is notably higher compared to that in the non-karst area.3)Soil available Si is identified as one of the critical factors affecting the soil PhytOC accumulation in bamboo forests.Results of the present study are of great significance for estimating the phytolith carbon sequestration capacity of bamboo forests and for bamboo forest construction and management aimed at enhancing carbon sequestration.
