[Objective] The aim was to discuss he produce and elimination rules of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games. [Method] Based on the analysis of particulate matter online observation data and meteorologi...[Objective] The aim was to discuss he produce and elimination rules of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games. [Method] Based on the analysis of particulate matter online observation data and meteorological data during the corresponding period in Chinese environmental science college, Hysplit Back trace model and Numerical weather prediction graphs, and combined with the different analytical methods on meteorological flow fields, a typical process of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games was studied. [Result] The results indicated that during the ascent stage of PM2.5 concentration, the PM showed gradually aging phenomena; the process controlled by large scale synoptic system mainly. And the weak wind and the high humidity were not in favor of dispersion; the prolonged southerly air mass to bring the pollutant of Hebei, Taijin and Shandong to Beijing; mixing height and temperature curve took the importance role to the pollution. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the discussion on factors influencing the production and elimination of particles in the air pollution process.展开更多
A new cleaner production process for cassava ethanol has been developed, in which the thin stillage by-product was treated initially by anaerobic digestion, and the digestate further processed by hydrogen-form cation ...A new cleaner production process for cassava ethanol has been developed, in which the thin stillage by-product was treated initially by anaerobic digestion, and the digestate further processed by hydrogen-form cation exchange resin before being recycled as process water to make mash for the next ethanol fermentation batch.Thus wastewater was eliminated and freshwater and energy consumption was significantly reduced. To evaluate the new process, ten consecutive batches of ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion at lab scale were carried out. Average ethanol production in the recycling batches was 11.43%(v/v) which was similar to the first batch, where deionized(DI) water was used as process water. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal rate reached 98% and the methane yield was 322 ml per gram of COD removed, suggesting an efficient and stable operation of the anaerobic digestion. In conclusion, the application of the new process can contribute to sustainable development of the cassava ethanol industry.展开更多
Elbow draft-tubes are widely used in large- and medium-sized hydropower stations in many countries. During the application, handling the somatotype of elbow tubes has been found challenging： in order to maintain the ...Elbow draft-tubes are widely used in large- and medium-sized hydropower stations in many countries. During the application, handling the somatotype of elbow tubes has been found challenging： in order to maintain the designed shape of draft tube and to meet the requirement of construction lofting, the configuration of reinforcing bars and the fabrication of templates, the geometry of elbow tubes has to be accurately calculated to draw engineering graphics. Based on the derived equations in this paper, the motion of elbow tube curve envelope is simulated by using computers, which shows directly the smoothness of the curve and provides dynamic simulation for the study and optimization of the design and construction of elbow draft tubes, along with the front view and bottom view.展开更多
A new algorithm of measurement slub yarn parameter was put forward to improve precision and efficient. The basic principal of measurement slub yarn by parallel-plate capacitor was introduced,and slub yarns were tested...A new algorithm of measurement slub yarn parameter was put forward to improve precision and efficient. The basic principal of measurement slub yarn by parallel-plate capacitor was introduced,and slub yarns were tested with a measurement system developed by ourselves. Time sequence for slub length and slub space can be got. And distributions of slub length,slub space and slub scaling factor can also be obtained. The agreement can be attained compared with those original settings. Some error was analyzed also. Consequently this system is effective,and can be adopted in practice.展开更多
Several new demands have been put forward for the application of the Beijing continuous GNSS observations due to some particular reasons, such as the limited coverage of the observation network, the different construc...Several new demands have been put forward for the application of the Beijing continuous GNSS observations due to some particular reasons, such as the limited coverage of the observation network, the different construction and management criterion executed by different units and the intense interference resulting from human activity. In this paper, necessary processing of data is carried out, including more accurate calculation, corrections to the replacement, outliers and relocation of equipment, and elimination of linear trends in the E-component for every station. The E-components of the 16 available stations showed a lower sawtooth wave anomaly （slowly westward propagating） before the 2011 Tohoku Mw9. 0 earthquake, a coseismic step rebound （rapid eastward propagating） and a post-seismic D-shaped recovery. These steps constituted a complete earthquake process which was rarely seen before in the GNSS observations and provides a good example for further study. Moreover, the rapid eastward propagating during the earthquake is not influenced by the size of the given normal values, which may play a significant role in earthquake forecasting and early warning.展开更多
基金Supported by Central Public Welfare Research Institutes of BasicResearch Operations Special Fund (2008KYYW01)
文摘[Objective] The aim was to discuss he produce and elimination rules of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games. [Method] Based on the analysis of particulate matter online observation data and meteorological data during the corresponding period in Chinese environmental science college, Hysplit Back trace model and Numerical weather prediction graphs, and combined with the different analytical methods on meteorological flow fields, a typical process of particles in Beijing during early 2008 Olympic Games was studied. [Result] The results indicated that during the ascent stage of PM2.5 concentration, the PM showed gradually aging phenomena; the process controlled by large scale synoptic system mainly. And the weak wind and the high humidity were not in favor of dispersion; the prolonged southerly air mass to bring the pollutant of Hebei, Taijin and Shandong to Beijing; mixing height and temperature curve took the importance role to the pollution. [Conclusion] The study provided theoretical basis for the discussion on factors influencing the production and elimination of particles in the air pollution process.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21506075)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20150131)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP51504)
文摘A new cleaner production process for cassava ethanol has been developed, in which the thin stillage by-product was treated initially by anaerobic digestion, and the digestate further processed by hydrogen-form cation exchange resin before being recycled as process water to make mash for the next ethanol fermentation batch.Thus wastewater was eliminated and freshwater and energy consumption was significantly reduced. To evaluate the new process, ten consecutive batches of ethanol fermentation and anaerobic digestion at lab scale were carried out. Average ethanol production in the recycling batches was 11.43%(v/v) which was similar to the first batch, where deionized(DI) water was used as process water. The chemical oxygen demand(COD) removal rate reached 98% and the methane yield was 322 ml per gram of COD removed, suggesting an efficient and stable operation of the anaerobic digestion. In conclusion, the application of the new process can contribute to sustainable development of the cassava ethanol industry.
基金Supported by Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of Chongqing Jiaotong University Province and Department Construction together(SLK2009A04)
文摘Elbow draft-tubes are widely used in large- and medium-sized hydropower stations in many countries. During the application, handling the somatotype of elbow tubes has been found challenging： in order to maintain the designed shape of draft tube and to meet the requirement of construction lofting, the configuration of reinforcing bars and the fabrication of templates, the geometry of elbow tubes has to be accurately calculated to draw engineering graphics. Based on the derived equations in this paper, the motion of elbow tube curve envelope is simulated by using computers, which shows directly the smoothness of the curve and provides dynamic simulation for the study and optimization of the design and construction of elbow draft tubes, along with the front view and bottom view.
基金Pre-research Foundation of Jiangnan University,China(No.206000-52210761)
文摘A new algorithm of measurement slub yarn parameter was put forward to improve precision and efficient. The basic principal of measurement slub yarn by parallel-plate capacitor was introduced,and slub yarns were tested with a measurement system developed by ourselves. Time sequence for slub length and slub space can be got. And distributions of slub length,slub space and slub scaling factor can also be obtained. The agreement can be attained compared with those original settings. Some error was analyzed also. Consequently this system is effective,and can be adopted in practice.
基金funded by Research Foundation for Veteran Experts of China Earthquake Administration(201346)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality(8041001,8092012)
文摘Several new demands have been put forward for the application of the Beijing continuous GNSS observations due to some particular reasons, such as the limited coverage of the observation network, the different construction and management criterion executed by different units and the intense interference resulting from human activity. In this paper, necessary processing of data is carried out, including more accurate calculation, corrections to the replacement, outliers and relocation of equipment, and elimination of linear trends in the E-component for every station. The E-components of the 16 available stations showed a lower sawtooth wave anomaly （slowly westward propagating） before the 2011 Tohoku Mw9. 0 earthquake, a coseismic step rebound （rapid eastward propagating） and a post-seismic D-shaped recovery. These steps constituted a complete earthquake process which was rarely seen before in the GNSS observations and provides a good example for further study. Moreover, the rapid eastward propagating during the earthquake is not influenced by the size of the given normal values, which may play a significant role in earthquake forecasting and early warning.
