Carbon-based HTM-free perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)have received extensive attention due to their low cost and high stability.However,some issues with regard to their relatively low efficiency and toxicity still need...Carbon-based HTM-free perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)have received extensive attention due to their low cost and high stability.However,some issues with regard to their relatively low efficiency and toxicity still need to be addressed before their commercialization.For the first time,a high-efficiency carbonbased planar perovskite solar cell was prepared based on TiO_(2)combined with PC_(61)BM as the electrontransport layer.PC_(61)BM could passivate the interface between the perovskite film layer and the TiO_(2)film layer;at the same time,it also exhibited the function of an additive to improve the crystal quality of the perovskite.Planar C-PSC was successfully fabricated with an open voltage(Voc)of 1.005 V,which represented~2.6%enhancement compared to that of the device with a mesoporous structure,and power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 14.37%.Moreover,stability was also investigated;3%degradation appeared in the PCE of the planar C-PSC after being stored for 1900 h in the dark.This methodology of introducing PC_(61)BM to reduce the recombination probability of electrons and holes and improve the crystal quality of perovskites has universal significance for the further development of planar C-PSCs.展开更多
Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on cytochrome c oxidase(COX) activity of hippocampal mitochondria in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice, and to explore the EA mechanism on Alzh...Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on cytochrome c oxidase(COX) activity of hippocampal mitochondria in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice, and to explore the EA mechanism on Alzheimer disease(AD) in improving energy metabolic disorder. Methods: Twelve SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with six in each group. Six senescence-accelerated mouse resistance 1(SAMR1) mice were prepared as blank group. Mice in the EA group received EA on Baihui(GV 20) and Yongquan(KI 1), once a day for 7 d as a course, altogether 3 courses with one day interval between two courses. Mice in the model group and the blank group were manipulated and fixed as those in the EA group. After interventions, Morris water maze was employed to test spatial learning and memory ability to evaluate EA effect; spectrophotometry was used to detect the activity of hippocampal mitochondria COX. Results: Compared with the blank group, mean escape latencies of the EA group and model group were prolonged significantly in Morris water maze tests(P<0.01), the residue duration in the former platform quadrant significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, mean escape latencies on 1 d, 2 d and 3 d of the EA group were significantly reduced(P<0.05), and those on 4 d and 5 d continued the decreasing tendency(P<0.01), the residue duration on the former platform quadrant was significantly prolonged(P<0.05). The COX activity tests showed that, compared with the blank group, COX activities of the model group and the EA group were significantly decreased(P<0.01); compared with the model group, COX activity of the EA group was significantly elevated(P<0.01). Conclusion: It's plausible that EA improves AD learning and memory ability by increasing mitochondria COX activity, protecting the structure and function, and improving energy metabolism.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51572025)the National Foundation of China(No.41422050303)+1 种基金the Program of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B14003the Beijing Municipal Science&Technology Commission and the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities.
文摘Carbon-based HTM-free perovskite solar cells(C-PSCs)have received extensive attention due to their low cost and high stability.However,some issues with regard to their relatively low efficiency and toxicity still need to be addressed before their commercialization.For the first time,a high-efficiency carbonbased planar perovskite solar cell was prepared based on TiO_(2)combined with PC_(61)BM as the electrontransport layer.PC_(61)BM could passivate the interface between the perovskite film layer and the TiO_(2)film layer;at the same time,it also exhibited the function of an additive to improve the crystal quality of the perovskite.Planar C-PSC was successfully fabricated with an open voltage(Voc)of 1.005 V,which represented~2.6%enhancement compared to that of the device with a mesoporous structure,and power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 14.37%.Moreover,stability was also investigated;3%degradation appeared in the PCE of the planar C-PSC after being stored for 1900 h in the dark.This methodology of introducing PC_(61)BM to reduce the recombination probability of electrons and holes and improve the crystal quality of perovskites has universal significance for the further development of planar C-PSCs.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.30472235)Scientific Science Foundation for the Youth of the Education Department of Sichuan Province (No. 2006B023)
文摘Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) on cytochrome c oxidase(COX) activity of hippocampal mitochondria in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8(SAMP8) mice, and to explore the EA mechanism on Alzheimer disease(AD) in improving energy metabolic disorder. Methods: Twelve SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into a model group and an EA group, with six in each group. Six senescence-accelerated mouse resistance 1(SAMR1) mice were prepared as blank group. Mice in the EA group received EA on Baihui(GV 20) and Yongquan(KI 1), once a day for 7 d as a course, altogether 3 courses with one day interval between two courses. Mice in the model group and the blank group were manipulated and fixed as those in the EA group. After interventions, Morris water maze was employed to test spatial learning and memory ability to evaluate EA effect; spectrophotometry was used to detect the activity of hippocampal mitochondria COX. Results: Compared with the blank group, mean escape latencies of the EA group and model group were prolonged significantly in Morris water maze tests(P<0.01), the residue duration in the former platform quadrant significantly decreased(P<0.01). Compared with the model group, mean escape latencies on 1 d, 2 d and 3 d of the EA group were significantly reduced(P<0.05), and those on 4 d and 5 d continued the decreasing tendency(P<0.01), the residue duration on the former platform quadrant was significantly prolonged(P<0.05). The COX activity tests showed that, compared with the blank group, COX activities of the model group and the EA group were significantly decreased(P<0.01); compared with the model group, COX activity of the EA group was significantly elevated(P<0.01). Conclusion: It's plausible that EA improves AD learning and memory ability by increasing mitochondria COX activity, protecting the structure and function, and improving energy metabolism.
