An intense Asian dust storm invadedQinhuangdao,a coastal city ofNorth China on April 11-14,2023.We analyzed the bulk water-soluble inorganic ions(WSII)of PM_(10)and PM_(2.5)using an Ion Chromatograph and investigated ...An intense Asian dust storm invadedQinhuangdao,a coastal city ofNorth China on April 11-14,2023.We analyzed the bulk water-soluble inorganic ions(WSII)of PM_(10)and PM_(2.5)using an Ion Chromatograph and investigated individual particlemorphology and elemental composition using a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray.The results showed when the dust was directly transported to the sampling site from northwestern China(direct transport stages),the PM_(10)mass concentrations were high(675.0μg/m^(3))but the relative humidity(RH)was low.Total WSII were 19.54μg/m^(3)and 11.17μg/m^(3),accounting for 2.90%and 7.25%of the PM_(10)and PM_(2.5),respectively.In addition,the proportion of S-containing individual mineral dust was low(28.7%-35.3%).The results suggested there were limited secondary inorganic aerosol formation.However,when the dust was transported back to the sampling site across the Bohai Sea in the following days(reverse transport stages),both the PM_(10)mass concentrations(462.3μg/m^(3))and RH were high.Total WSII were 43.75μg/m^(3)and 18.71μg/m^(3),accounting for 9.62%and 14.45%of the total PM_(10)and PM_(2.5),respectively.The proportion of S-containing particles was 51.5%-72.5%.In addition,the concentration of NO_(3)^(−)was much higher than that of SO_(4)^(2−).The results suggested both the sulfate and nitrate formation occurred on coarse mineral dust but the nitrate formation exceeded sulfate formation.Interestingly,mostmineral dust,including Sirich particles contained Cl when they passed through the marine atmosphere.The results highlighted the heterogeneous reactions of dust varied in different transport stages.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Nos.B2022407001 and D2021501004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42075107)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.N2223011).
文摘An intense Asian dust storm invadedQinhuangdao,a coastal city ofNorth China on April 11-14,2023.We analyzed the bulk water-soluble inorganic ions(WSII)of PM_(10)and PM_(2.5)using an Ion Chromatograph and investigated individual particlemorphology and elemental composition using a scanning electron microscope coupled with energy dispersive X-ray.The results showed when the dust was directly transported to the sampling site from northwestern China(direct transport stages),the PM_(10)mass concentrations were high(675.0μg/m^(3))but the relative humidity(RH)was low.Total WSII were 19.54μg/m^(3)and 11.17μg/m^(3),accounting for 2.90%and 7.25%of the PM_(10)and PM_(2.5),respectively.In addition,the proportion of S-containing individual mineral dust was low(28.7%-35.3%).The results suggested there were limited secondary inorganic aerosol formation.However,when the dust was transported back to the sampling site across the Bohai Sea in the following days(reverse transport stages),both the PM_(10)mass concentrations(462.3μg/m^(3))and RH were high.Total WSII were 43.75μg/m^(3)and 18.71μg/m^(3),accounting for 9.62%and 14.45%of the total PM_(10)and PM_(2.5),respectively.The proportion of S-containing particles was 51.5%-72.5%.In addition,the concentration of NO_(3)^(−)was much higher than that of SO_(4)^(2−).The results suggested both the sulfate and nitrate formation occurred on coarse mineral dust but the nitrate formation exceeded sulfate formation.Interestingly,mostmineral dust,including Sirich particles contained Cl when they passed through the marine atmosphere.The results highlighted the heterogeneous reactions of dust varied in different transport stages.
