Reliable electricity infrastructure is critical for modern society,highlighting the importance of securing the stability of fundamental power electronic systems.However,as such systems frequently involve high-current ...Reliable electricity infrastructure is critical for modern society,highlighting the importance of securing the stability of fundamental power electronic systems.However,as such systems frequently involve high-current and high-voltage conditions,there is a greater likelihood of failures.Consequently,anomaly detection of power electronic systems holds great significance,which is a task that properly-designed neural networks can well undertake,as proven in various scenarios.Transformer-like networks are promising for such application,yet with its structure initially designed for different tasks,features extracted by beginning layers are often lost,decreasing detection performance.Also,such data-driven methods typically require sufficient anomalous data for training,which could be difficult to obtain in practice.Therefore,to improve feature utilization while achieving efficient unsupervised learning,a novel model,Densely-connected Decoder Transformer(DDformer),is proposed for unsupervised anomaly detection of power electronic systems in this paper.First,efficient labelfree training is achieved based on the concept of autoencoder with recursive-free output.An encoder-decoder structure with densely-connected decoder is then adopted,merging features from all encoder layers to avoid possible loss of mined features while reducing training difficulty.Both simulation and real-world experiments are conducted to validate the capabilities of DDformer,and the average FDR has surpassed baseline models,reaching 89.39%,93.91%,95.98%in different experiment setups respectively.展开更多
Driven by rapid advancements in smart wearable technologies and perovskite photovoltaics,flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)have emerged as highly promising autonomous power sources,poised to transform the next gen...Driven by rapid advancements in smart wearable technologies and perovskite photovoltaics,flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)have emerged as highly promising autonomous power sources,poised to transform the next generation of mobile energy systems,portable electronics,and integrated wearable devices.For successful deployment in real-world scenarios,FPSCs must exhibit a combination of key attributes,including high power conversion efficiency,lightweight architecture,environmental robustness,and mechanical adaptability-encompassing flexibility,stretchability,and twistability.This review provides a detailed examination of the evolution,current state,and practical deployment of FPSCs,emphasizing their potential as efficient,portable energy solutions.It investigates advanced strategies for improving environmental resilience and mechanical recoverability,including the engineering of flexible substrates,deposition of high-quality perovskite films,and optimization of charge-selective interfaces.Additionally,it offers a systematic analysis of device design,fabrication protocols,scalable printing techniques,and standardized performance evaluation methods tailored for wearable FPSCs.Recent progress in enhancing the optoelectronic properties and mechanical durability of FPSCs is also critically reviewed.Ultimately,this work delivers a comprehensive perspective on FPSCs from both optoelectronic and mechanical viewpoints,identifies key challenges,and outlines future research pathways toward the seamless integration of FPSCs into multifunctional,next-generation wearable systems.展开更多
In order to improve the diesel engine emission performance and convert the diesel engine to dual fuel engine, a dual fuel (diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG)) electronic system was developed, in which electromagn...In order to improve the diesel engine emission performance and convert the diesel engine to dual fuel engine, a dual fuel (diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG)) electronic system was developed, in which electromagnetic valves were used to control multi point natural gas injection. The system was designed for type F6L912Q diesel engine and the function of the system was testified on test cell. The test results showed that the system had great advantages in power ability and emission performance. The average CNG substitution at rated load was over 80%. The dual fuel system was practical. To adopt dual fuel system was a good way to improve the engine's emission performance.展开更多
Since the high penetration of renewable energy complicates the dynamic characteristics of the AC power electronic system(ACPES),it is essential to establish an accurate dynamic model to obtain its dynamic behavior for...Since the high penetration of renewable energy complicates the dynamic characteristics of the AC power electronic system(ACPES),it is essential to establish an accurate dynamic model to obtain its dynamic behavior for ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.However,due to the no or limited internal control details,the state-space modeling method cannot be realized.It leads to the ACPES system becoming a black-box dynamic system.The dynamic modeling method based on deep neural network can simulate the dynamic behavior using port data without obtaining internal control details.However,deep neural network modeling methods are rarely systematically evaluated.In practice,the construction of neural network faces the selection of massive data and various network structure parameters.However,different sample distributions make the trained network performance quite different.Different network structure hyperparameters also mean different convergence time.Due to the lack of systematic evaluation and targeted suggestions,neural network modeling with high precision and high training speed cannot be realized quickly and conveniently in practical engineering applications.To fill this gap,this paper systematically evaluates the deep neural network from sample distribution and structural hyperparameter selection.The influence on modeling accuracy is analyzed in detail,then some modeling suggestions are presented.Simulation results under multiple operating points verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are known to have no bulk but only surfaces and edges, thus leading to unprecedented properties thanks to the quantum confinements. For half a century, the compression of z-dimension has ...Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are known to have no bulk but only surfaces and edges, thus leading to unprecedented properties thanks to the quantum confinements. For half a century, the compression of z-dimension has been attempted through ultra-thin films by such as molecular beam epitaxy. However, the revisiting of thin films becomes popular again, in another fashion of the isolation of freestanding 2D layers out of van der Waals (vdW) bulk compounds. To date, nearly two decades after the nativity of the great graphene venture, researchers are still fascinated about flattening, into the atomic limit, all kinds of crystals, whether or not they are vdW. In this introductive review, we will summarize some recent experimental progresses on 2D electronic systems, and briefly discuss their revolutionizing capabilities for the implementation of future nanostructures and nanoelectronics.展开更多
The existing self-repair methods,evolvable hardware and embryonic electronics( embryonics) are analyzed. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of the existing self-repair methods,a novel self-repair method named e...The existing self-repair methods,evolvable hardware and embryonic electronics( embryonics) are analyzed. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of the existing self-repair methods,a novel self-repair method named elimination-evolution self-repair method is proposed. The system can be repaired through elimination in real time and evolved to optimize the allocation of system resources with this method. The proposed self-repair method not only ensures the speed of the system's self-repair,but also makes full use of system resources to improve the system's self-repair capacity and provides a new self-repair approach for bio-inspired electronic system. In the end,the advantages of the proposed eliminationevolution self-repair method are verified through a simulation experiment.展开更多
Substrates or encapsulants in soft and stretchable formats are key components for transient,bioresorbable electronic systems;however,elastomeric polymers with desired mechanical and biochemical properties are very lim...Substrates or encapsulants in soft and stretchable formats are key components for transient,bioresorbable electronic systems;however,elastomeric polymers with desired mechanical and biochemical properties are very limited compared to nontransient counterparts.Here,we introduce a bioresorbable elastomer,poly(glycolide-co-ε-caprolactone)(PGCL),that contains excellent material properties including high elongation-at-break(<1300%),resilience and toughness,and tunable dissolution behaviors.Exploitation of PGCLs as polymer matrices,in combination with conducing polymers,yields stretchable,conductive composites for degradable interconnects,sensors,and actuators,which can reliably function under external strains.Integration of device components with wireless modules demonstrates elastic,transient electronic suture system with on-demand drug delivery for rapid recovery of postsurgical wounds in soft,time-dynamic tissues.展开更多
Clinical laboratory tests are basic elements that support healthcare tasks such as disease detection, diagnosis and monitoring of response to treatments. Current laboratory information systems focus on the patient dat...Clinical laboratory tests are basic elements that support healthcare tasks such as disease detection, diagnosis and monitoring of response to treatments. Current laboratory information systems focus on the patient database, tests and results, with multiple modules available, connecting with the various analytical systems or work areas. However laboratory information systems functioned as “islands of information”, because their design was fundamentally inward-looking and disconnected from other healthcare computer applications. Actually, the Electronic Health Register (EHR) is considered by clinicians as a tool with great potential healthcare benefits. The EHR, in the sense of a unique and complete record of a patient’s healthcare and state of health, regardless of the healthcare level used, is a real attempt to eliminate these “islands of information” and need modules to act as “bridges” with the laboratory information systems. This type of module, which in generic terms may be referred to as a laboratory test request module, has become an essential feature of the EHR. These modules need to use a laboratory coding system as a common language for exchanging information, ensuring that tests and results are unequivocally identified. The development of the laboratory test request module requires the commitment of professionals and political authorities, being necessary time for their design and an adequate pilot phase. The laboratory professionals have to assume a leadership role in the whole process of design, development and implementation of these modules, integrating in the equipment of information technologies of healthcare providers. In our manuscript we review the elements that may prove electronic systems for requesting clinical laboratory test into digital clinical records and the key elements to move from theory to practice.展开更多
The article presents a miniaturized monopole antenna dedicated to modern flexible electronic systems.The antenna combines three fundamental properties in a single structure.Firstly,it is characterized by a compact siz...The article presents a miniaturized monopole antenna dedicated to modern flexible electronic systems.The antenna combines three fundamental properties in a single structure.Firstly,it is characterized by a compact size compared to the state-of-the-art literature with an overall size of 18×18×0.254 mm3,secondly,the proposed antenna integrates the reconfigurability function of frequency,produced by means of a Positive-IntrinsicNegative(PIN)diode introduced into the radiating element.Thus,the antenna is able to switch between different frequencies and different modes,making it suitable to meet the ever-changing demands of communication systems.third,the antenna is equipped by the property of flexibility.In fact,a conformability test is performed and has demonstrated the stability of the antenna performance under normal and bending conditions.Finally,in order to demonstrate the potential of the proposed antenna,a comparison between the simulated and measured results is made and turned out to be a strong agreement,making the antenna an excellent candidate for future miniaturized rigid and conformal devices.展开更多
The design model of system-level and module-level BIT system are established based on hierarchical BIT design. The unifi ed data structure of PBIT, CBIT, IBIT test item including detection function and recovery functi...The design model of system-level and module-level BIT system are established based on hierarchical BIT design. The unifi ed data structure of PBIT, CBIT, IBIT test item including detection function and recovery function are designed. Fault tree theory is introduced to BIT system and the PBIT, CBIT, IBIT universal automatic traversal fault tree test algorithm is designed, which can realize the bottom-up node test of integrated electronic system and top-down fault diagnosis. In a integrated electronic system application show that the scheme of online health monitoring and fault diagnosis based on BIT is reasonable and feasible, easy to maintain, and can improve integrated electronic system testability and reliability.展开更多
Research on the flexible hybrid epidermal electronic system(FHEES)has attracted considerable attention due to its potential applications in human-machine interaction and healthcare.Through material and structural inno...Research on the flexible hybrid epidermal electronic system(FHEES)has attracted considerable attention due to its potential applications in human-machine interaction and healthcare.Through material and structural innovations,FHEES combines the advantages of traditional stiff electronic devices and flexible electronic technology,enabling it to be worn conformally on the skin while retaining complex system functionality.FHEESs use multimodal sensing to enhance the identification accuracy of the wearer's motion modes,intentions,or health status,thus realizing more comprehensive physiological signal acquisition.However,the heterogeneous integration of soft and stiff components makes balancing comfort and performance in designing and implementing multimodal FHEESs challenging.Herein,multimodal FHEESs are first introduced in 2 types based on their different system structure:all-in-one and assembled,reflecting totally different heterogeneous integration strategies.Characteristics and the key design issues(such as interconnect design,interface strategy,substrate selection,etc.)of the 2 multimodal FHEESs are emphasized.Besides,the applications and advantages of the 2 multimodal FHEESs in recent research have been presented,with a focus on the control and medical fields.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the multimodal FHEES are discussed.展开更多
Recent advances in two-dimensional layered systems have greatly enriched electronic transport studies, particularly in inter-layer Coulomb drag research. Here, systematic transport measurements were conducted in graph...Recent advances in two-dimensional layered systems have greatly enriched electronic transport studies, particularly in inter-layer Coulomb drag research. Here, systematic transport measurements were conducted in graphene-based electronic double-layer structures, revealing giant yet reproducible drag fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures. These fluctuations' characteristics, including amplitude and peak/valley spacing, are mainly determined by the drag layer's carrier dynamics rather than the drive layer's, resulting in violation of the Onsager reciprocity relation. Notably, the drag fluctuations remain observable up to 35 K, far exceeding universal conductance fluctuations within individual layers. This suggests enhanced phase coherence in inter-layer drag compared to single-layer transport, as further confirmed by quantitative analysis of auto-correlation fields of fluctuations under magnetic fields. Our findings provide new insights into quantum interference effects and their interplay with Coulomb interactions in solids. The observations of significant drag fluctuations could potentially help address chaotic signals between nearby components in nanoscale devices.展开更多
The thermal conductivity of plasma-facing materials(PFM)exposed to intense radiation is a critical concern for the reliable usage of materials in fusion reactors.However,limited research has been performed regarding t...The thermal conductivity of plasma-facing materials(PFM)exposed to intense radiation is a critical concern for the reliable usage of materials in fusion reactors.However,limited research has been performed regarding the thermal conductivity of structures that rapidly change in a short time during collision cascade processes under irradiation.In this study,we employed the tight-binding(TB)method to investigate the electronic thermal conductivity(κ_(e))of tungsten-based systems during various cascading processes.We found thatκ_(e) values sharply decrease within the initial 0.3 picoseconds and then partially recover at a slow pace;this is closely linked to the evolution of defects and microstructural distortions.The increase in the initial kinetic energy of the primary knock-on atom and the presence of a high concentration of hydrogen atoms further decrease theκ_(e) values.Conversely,higher temperatures have a significant positive effect onκ_(e).Furthermore,the presence of a grain boundary∑5[001](130)substantially reducesκ_(e),whereas the absorption effect of point defects by the grain boundary has little influence onκ_(e) during cascades.Our findings provide a theoretical basis for evaluating changes in the thermal conductivity performance of PFMs during their usage in nuclear fusion reactors.展开更多
New electric power systems characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronics equipment face significant challenges due to high-frequency(HF)electromagnetic interference from the high-speed s...New electric power systems characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronics equipment face significant challenges due to high-frequency(HF)electromagnetic interference from the high-speed switching of power converters.To address this situation,this paper offers an in-depth review of HF interference problems and challenges originating from power electronic devices.First,the root cause of HF electromagnetic interference,i.e.,the resonant response of the parasitic parameters of the system to high-speed switching transients,is analyzed,and various scenarios of HF interference in power systems are highlighted.Next,the types of HF interference are summarized,with a focus on common-mode interference in grounding systems.This paper thoroughly reviews and compares various suppression methods for conducted HF interference.Finally,the challenges involved and suggestions for addressing emerging HF interference problems from the perspective of both power electronics equipment and power systems are discussed.This review aims to offer a structured understanding of HF interference problems and their suppression techniques for researchers and practitioners.展开更多
Wearable therapeutic systems must integrate with the body,operate reliably under strain,and deliver sustained stimuli.Textile-based electronics meet these needs with softness,breathability,and scalability.This review ...Wearable therapeutic systems must integrate with the body,operate reliably under strain,and deliver sustained stimuli.Textile-based electronics meet these needs with softness,breathability,and scalability.This review outlines materials,structural design,functionalization,and system integration for therapeutic e-textiles.We examine electrical,thermal,chemical,optical,and mechanical modalities across clinical uses,highlight energy solutions,and discuss challenges in durability,performance,and manufacturing needed for translation to practical,personalized therapies.展开更多
Battery impedance plays a crucial role in battery state monitoring.However,traditional impedance measurements rely on specialized equipment such as electrochemical workstations,incurring high costs and lacking real-ti...Battery impedance plays a crucial role in battery state monitoring.However,traditional impedance measurements rely on specialized equipment such as electrochemical workstations,incurring high costs and lacking real-time capabilities.Hence,the concept of online,or dynamic impedance for batteries has been introduced.This approach involves applying voltage or current perturbations to the battery using the original circuit topology,measuring current and voltage,and calculating impedance.It significantly enhances the real-time capabilities and practical value of battery impedance measurements.This paper reviews the principles of online battery impedance measurement,enumerates,summarizes,and compares methods for distributed and centralized battery impedance measurement.In addition to outlining the research on conventional generation of battery impedance perturbation signals via DC-DC converters,this paper features an overview of online battery impedance measurement using DC-AC converters,and also analyzes the impacts of battery impedance measurement on the system and the solutions.Finally,the perturbation signal types,impedance calculation and verification methods are briefly introduced and discussed.For different perturbations,impedance calculation should be carried out by corresponding methods.With the scalability of impedance data acquisition and the integration of rapidly advancing intelligent algorithms,impedance technology holds vast prospects in the field of battery state monitoring.展开更多
Achieving high-energy density remains a key objective for advanced energy storage systems.However,challenges,such as poor cathode conductivity,anode dendrite formation,polysulfide shuttling,and electrolyte degradation...Achieving high-energy density remains a key objective for advanced energy storage systems.However,challenges,such as poor cathode conductivity,anode dendrite formation,polysulfide shuttling,and electrolyte degradation,continue to limit performance and stability.Molecular and ionic dipole interactions have emerged as an effective strategy to address these issues by regulating ionic transport,modulating solvation structures,optimizing interfacial chemistry,and enhancing charge transfer kinetics.These interactions also stabilize electrode interfaces,suppress side reactions,and mitigate anode corrosion,collectively improving the durability of high-energy batteries.A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is essential to guide the design of next-generation battery materials.Herein,this review summarizes the development,classification,and advantages of dipole interactions in high-energy batteries.The roles of dipoles,including facilitating ion transport,controlling solvation dynamics,stabilizing the electric double layer,optimizing solid electrolyte interphase and cathode–electrolyte interface layers,and inhibiting parasitic reactions—are comprehensively discussed.Finally,perspectives on future research directions are proposed to advance dipole-enabled strategies for high-performance energy storage.This review aims to provide insights into the rational design of dipole-interactive systems and promote the progress of electrochemical energy storage technologies.展开更多
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62303090,U2330206in part by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China under Grant 2023M740516+1 种基金in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province under Grant 2024NSFSC1480in part by the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘Reliable electricity infrastructure is critical for modern society,highlighting the importance of securing the stability of fundamental power electronic systems.However,as such systems frequently involve high-current and high-voltage conditions,there is a greater likelihood of failures.Consequently,anomaly detection of power electronic systems holds great significance,which is a task that properly-designed neural networks can well undertake,as proven in various scenarios.Transformer-like networks are promising for such application,yet with its structure initially designed for different tasks,features extracted by beginning layers are often lost,decreasing detection performance.Also,such data-driven methods typically require sufficient anomalous data for training,which could be difficult to obtain in practice.Therefore,to improve feature utilization while achieving efficient unsupervised learning,a novel model,Densely-connected Decoder Transformer(DDformer),is proposed for unsupervised anomaly detection of power electronic systems in this paper.First,efficient labelfree training is achieved based on the concept of autoencoder with recursive-free output.An encoder-decoder structure with densely-connected decoder is then adopted,merging features from all encoder layers to avoid possible loss of mined features while reducing training difficulty.Both simulation and real-world experiments are conducted to validate the capabilities of DDformer,and the average FDR has surpassed baseline models,reaching 89.39%,93.91%,95.98%in different experiment setups respectively.
基金supported by the Commercialization Promotion Agency for R&D Outcomes(COMPA)grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT)(RS-2025-02311658)supported by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea and the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF-2023R1A2C2008017)Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(NRF-2020R1A6A1A03043435).
文摘Driven by rapid advancements in smart wearable technologies and perovskite photovoltaics,flexible perovskite solar cells(FPSCs)have emerged as highly promising autonomous power sources,poised to transform the next generation of mobile energy systems,portable electronics,and integrated wearable devices.For successful deployment in real-world scenarios,FPSCs must exhibit a combination of key attributes,including high power conversion efficiency,lightweight architecture,environmental robustness,and mechanical adaptability-encompassing flexibility,stretchability,and twistability.This review provides a detailed examination of the evolution,current state,and practical deployment of FPSCs,emphasizing their potential as efficient,portable energy solutions.It investigates advanced strategies for improving environmental resilience and mechanical recoverability,including the engineering of flexible substrates,deposition of high-quality perovskite films,and optimization of charge-selective interfaces.Additionally,it offers a systematic analysis of device design,fabrication protocols,scalable printing techniques,and standardized performance evaluation methods tailored for wearable FPSCs.Recent progress in enhancing the optoelectronic properties and mechanical durability of FPSCs is also critically reviewed.Ultimately,this work delivers a comprehensive perspective on FPSCs from both optoelectronic and mechanical viewpoints,identifies key challenges,and outlines future research pathways toward the seamless integration of FPSCs into multifunctional,next-generation wearable systems.
文摘In order to improve the diesel engine emission performance and convert the diesel engine to dual fuel engine, a dual fuel (diesel and compressed natural gas (CNG)) electronic system was developed, in which electromagnetic valves were used to control multi point natural gas injection. The system was designed for type F6L912Q diesel engine and the function of the system was testified on test cell. The test results showed that the system had great advantages in power ability and emission performance. The average CNG substitution at rated load was over 80%. The dual fuel system was practical. To adopt dual fuel system was a good way to improve the engine's emission performance.
基金supported in part by the Science Search Foundation of Liaoning Educational Department。
文摘Since the high penetration of renewable energy complicates the dynamic characteristics of the AC power electronic system(ACPES),it is essential to establish an accurate dynamic model to obtain its dynamic behavior for ensure the safe and stable operation of the system.However,due to the no or limited internal control details,the state-space modeling method cannot be realized.It leads to the ACPES system becoming a black-box dynamic system.The dynamic modeling method based on deep neural network can simulate the dynamic behavior using port data without obtaining internal control details.However,deep neural network modeling methods are rarely systematically evaluated.In practice,the construction of neural network faces the selection of massive data and various network structure parameters.However,different sample distributions make the trained network performance quite different.Different network structure hyperparameters also mean different convergence time.Due to the lack of systematic evaluation and targeted suggestions,neural network modeling with high precision and high training speed cannot be realized quickly and conveniently in practical engineering applications.To fill this gap,this paper systematically evaluates the deep neural network from sample distribution and structural hyperparameter selection.The influence on modeling accuracy is analyzed in detail,then some modeling suggestions are presented.Simulation results under multiple operating points verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11974357 and U1932151)the State Key Research Development Program of China(Grant No.2019YFA0307800)+1 种基金the Program of State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices,China(Grant No.KF201816)the Major Program of Aerospace Advanced Manufacturing Technology Research Foundation NSFC and CASC,China(Grant No.U1537204).
文摘Two-dimensional (2D) crystals are known to have no bulk but only surfaces and edges, thus leading to unprecedented properties thanks to the quantum confinements. For half a century, the compression of z-dimension has been attempted through ultra-thin films by such as molecular beam epitaxy. However, the revisiting of thin films becomes popular again, in another fashion of the isolation of freestanding 2D layers out of van der Waals (vdW) bulk compounds. To date, nearly two decades after the nativity of the great graphene venture, researchers are still fascinated about flattening, into the atomic limit, all kinds of crystals, whether or not they are vdW. In this introductive review, we will summarize some recent experimental progresses on 2D electronic systems, and briefly discuss their revolutionizing capabilities for the implementation of future nanostructures and nanoelectronics.
基金National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.61372039,61271153)
文摘The existing self-repair methods,evolvable hardware and embryonic electronics( embryonics) are analyzed. Based on the advantages and disadvantages of the existing self-repair methods,a novel self-repair method named elimination-evolution self-repair method is proposed. The system can be repaired through elimination in real time and evolved to optimize the allocation of system resources with this method. The proposed self-repair method not only ensures the speed of the system's self-repair,but also makes full use of system resources to improve the system's self-repair capacity and provides a new self-repair approach for bio-inspired electronic system. In the end,the advantages of the proposed eliminationevolution self-repair method are verified through a simulation experiment.
基金supported by the KIST Institutional Program (Project No.2E32501-23-106)the KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Program+3 种基金the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (the Ministry of Science, ICT, MSIT) (RS-2022-00165524)the development of technologies for electroceuticals of the National Research Foundataion (NRF) funded by the Korean government (MSIT) (RS-2023-00220534)the Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT), Korea, under the ICT Creative Consilience program (IITP-2023-2020-0-01819) supervised by the IITP (Institute for Information and Communications Technology Planning and Evaluation)Start up Pioneering in Research and Innovation(SPRINT) through the Commercialization Promotion Agency for R&D Outcomes(COMPA) grant funded by the Korea government(Ministry of Science and ICT) (1711198921)
文摘Substrates or encapsulants in soft and stretchable formats are key components for transient,bioresorbable electronic systems;however,elastomeric polymers with desired mechanical and biochemical properties are very limited compared to nontransient counterparts.Here,we introduce a bioresorbable elastomer,poly(glycolide-co-ε-caprolactone)(PGCL),that contains excellent material properties including high elongation-at-break(<1300%),resilience and toughness,and tunable dissolution behaviors.Exploitation of PGCLs as polymer matrices,in combination with conducing polymers,yields stretchable,conductive composites for degradable interconnects,sensors,and actuators,which can reliably function under external strains.Integration of device components with wireless modules demonstrates elastic,transient electronic suture system with on-demand drug delivery for rapid recovery of postsurgical wounds in soft,time-dynamic tissues.
文摘Clinical laboratory tests are basic elements that support healthcare tasks such as disease detection, diagnosis and monitoring of response to treatments. Current laboratory information systems focus on the patient database, tests and results, with multiple modules available, connecting with the various analytical systems or work areas. However laboratory information systems functioned as “islands of information”, because their design was fundamentally inward-looking and disconnected from other healthcare computer applications. Actually, the Electronic Health Register (EHR) is considered by clinicians as a tool with great potential healthcare benefits. The EHR, in the sense of a unique and complete record of a patient’s healthcare and state of health, regardless of the healthcare level used, is a real attempt to eliminate these “islands of information” and need modules to act as “bridges” with the laboratory information systems. This type of module, which in generic terms may be referred to as a laboratory test request module, has become an essential feature of the EHR. These modules need to use a laboratory coding system as a common language for exchanging information, ensuring that tests and results are unequivocally identified. The development of the laboratory test request module requires the commitment of professionals and political authorities, being necessary time for their design and an adequate pilot phase. The laboratory professionals have to assume a leadership role in the whole process of design, development and implementation of these modules, integrating in the equipment of information technologies of healthcare providers. In our manuscript we review the elements that may prove electronic systems for requesting clinical laboratory test into digital clinical records and the key elements to move from theory to practice.
基金This work is supported by Taif University Researchers Supporting Project Number TURSP-2020/34,Taif University,Taif,Saudi Arabia.Also,this work is supported by Antenna and Wireless Propagation Group(https://sites.google.com/view/awpgrp)。
文摘The article presents a miniaturized monopole antenna dedicated to modern flexible electronic systems.The antenna combines three fundamental properties in a single structure.Firstly,it is characterized by a compact size compared to the state-of-the-art literature with an overall size of 18×18×0.254 mm3,secondly,the proposed antenna integrates the reconfigurability function of frequency,produced by means of a Positive-IntrinsicNegative(PIN)diode introduced into the radiating element.Thus,the antenna is able to switch between different frequencies and different modes,making it suitable to meet the ever-changing demands of communication systems.third,the antenna is equipped by the property of flexibility.In fact,a conformability test is performed and has demonstrated the stability of the antenna performance under normal and bending conditions.Finally,in order to demonstrate the potential of the proposed antenna,a comparison between the simulated and measured results is made and turned out to be a strong agreement,making the antenna an excellent candidate for future miniaturized rigid and conformal devices.
文摘The design model of system-level and module-level BIT system are established based on hierarchical BIT design. The unifi ed data structure of PBIT, CBIT, IBIT test item including detection function and recovery function are designed. Fault tree theory is introduced to BIT system and the PBIT, CBIT, IBIT universal automatic traversal fault tree test algorithm is designed, which can realize the bottom-up node test of integrated electronic system and top-down fault diagnosis. In a integrated electronic system application show that the scheme of online health monitoring and fault diagnosis based on BIT is reasonable and feasible, easy to maintain, and can improve integrated electronic system testability and reliability.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant numbers 2022YFB3204100 and 2021YFC3002200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant numbers U20A20168,51861145202,and 62274101).
文摘Research on the flexible hybrid epidermal electronic system(FHEES)has attracted considerable attention due to its potential applications in human-machine interaction and healthcare.Through material and structural innovations,FHEES combines the advantages of traditional stiff electronic devices and flexible electronic technology,enabling it to be worn conformally on the skin while retaining complex system functionality.FHEESs use multimodal sensing to enhance the identification accuracy of the wearer's motion modes,intentions,or health status,thus realizing more comprehensive physiological signal acquisition.However,the heterogeneous integration of soft and stiff components makes balancing comfort and performance in designing and implementing multimodal FHEESs challenging.Herein,multimodal FHEESs are first introduced in 2 types based on their different system structure:all-in-one and assembled,reflecting totally different heterogeneous integration strategies.Characteristics and the key design issues(such as interconnect design,interface strategy,substrate selection,etc.)of the 2 multimodal FHEESs are emphasized.Besides,the applications and advantages of the 2 multimodal FHEESs in recent research have been presented,with a focus on the control and medical fields.Finally,the prospects and challenges of the multimodal FHEES are discussed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.12474051 and 92165201)the Chinese Academy of Sciences Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research (Grant No.YSBR-046)+1 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No.2023YFA1406300)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (Grant Nos.2308085J11 and2308085QA14)。
文摘Recent advances in two-dimensional layered systems have greatly enriched electronic transport studies, particularly in inter-layer Coulomb drag research. Here, systematic transport measurements were conducted in graphene-based electronic double-layer structures, revealing giant yet reproducible drag fluctuations at cryogenic temperatures. These fluctuations' characteristics, including amplitude and peak/valley spacing, are mainly determined by the drag layer's carrier dynamics rather than the drive layer's, resulting in violation of the Onsager reciprocity relation. Notably, the drag fluctuations remain observable up to 35 K, far exceeding universal conductance fluctuations within individual layers. This suggests enhanced phase coherence in inter-layer drag compared to single-layer transport, as further confirmed by quantitative analysis of auto-correlation fields of fluctuations under magnetic fields. Our findings provide new insights into quantum interference effects and their interplay with Coulomb interactions in solids. The observations of significant drag fluctuations could potentially help address chaotic signals between nearby components in nanoscale devices.
基金supported by the Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center of CAS(No.2022HSC-CIP007)。
文摘The thermal conductivity of plasma-facing materials(PFM)exposed to intense radiation is a critical concern for the reliable usage of materials in fusion reactors.However,limited research has been performed regarding the thermal conductivity of structures that rapidly change in a short time during collision cascade processes under irradiation.In this study,we employed the tight-binding(TB)method to investigate the electronic thermal conductivity(κ_(e))of tungsten-based systems during various cascading processes.We found thatκ_(e) values sharply decrease within the initial 0.3 picoseconds and then partially recover at a slow pace;this is closely linked to the evolution of defects and microstructural distortions.The increase in the initial kinetic energy of the primary knock-on atom and the presence of a high concentration of hydrogen atoms further decrease theκ_(e) values.Conversely,higher temperatures have a significant positive effect onκ_(e).Furthermore,the presence of a grain boundary∑5[001](130)substantially reducesκ_(e),whereas the absorption effect of point defects by the grain boundary has little influence onκ_(e) during cascades.Our findings provide a theoretical basis for evaluating changes in the thermal conductivity performance of PFMs during their usage in nuclear fusion reactors.
基金supported by the science and technology project of State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company(No.52094023003L).
文摘New electric power systems characterized by a high proportion of renewable energy and power electronics equipment face significant challenges due to high-frequency(HF)electromagnetic interference from the high-speed switching of power converters.To address this situation,this paper offers an in-depth review of HF interference problems and challenges originating from power electronic devices.First,the root cause of HF electromagnetic interference,i.e.,the resonant response of the parasitic parameters of the system to high-speed switching transients,is analyzed,and various scenarios of HF interference in power systems are highlighted.Next,the types of HF interference are summarized,with a focus on common-mode interference in grounding systems.This paper thoroughly reviews and compares various suppression methods for conducted HF interference.Finally,the challenges involved and suggestions for addressing emerging HF interference problems from the perspective of both power electronics equipment and power systems are discussed.This review aims to offer a structured understanding of HF interference problems and their suppression techniques for researchers and practitioners.
基金support by a National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korea government(MSIP,Ministry ofScience,ICT&Future Planning,Grant Nos.RS-2020-II201821,RS-2024-00411904,and RS-2025-02303342)supported by the Technology Innovation Program(RS-2024-00427006)funded by Korea Planning&Evaluation Institute of Industrial Technology+2 种基金the Alchemist Project Program(RS-2024-00422269)supported by the Ministry of Trade,Industry&Energy(MOTIE,Korea)supported by Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology(KIAT)(RS-2024-00418086,HRD Program for Industrial Innovation).
文摘Wearable therapeutic systems must integrate with the body,operate reliably under strain,and deliver sustained stimuli.Textile-based electronics meet these needs with softness,breathability,and scalability.This review outlines materials,structural design,functionalization,and system integration for therapeutic e-textiles.We examine electrical,thermal,chemical,optical,and mechanical modalities across clinical uses,highlight energy solutions,and discuss challenges in durability,performance,and manufacturing needed for translation to practical,personalized therapies.
文摘Battery impedance plays a crucial role in battery state monitoring.However,traditional impedance measurements rely on specialized equipment such as electrochemical workstations,incurring high costs and lacking real-time capabilities.Hence,the concept of online,or dynamic impedance for batteries has been introduced.This approach involves applying voltage or current perturbations to the battery using the original circuit topology,measuring current and voltage,and calculating impedance.It significantly enhances the real-time capabilities and practical value of battery impedance measurements.This paper reviews the principles of online battery impedance measurement,enumerates,summarizes,and compares methods for distributed and centralized battery impedance measurement.In addition to outlining the research on conventional generation of battery impedance perturbation signals via DC-DC converters,this paper features an overview of online battery impedance measurement using DC-AC converters,and also analyzes the impacts of battery impedance measurement on the system and the solutions.Finally,the perturbation signal types,impedance calculation and verification methods are briefly introduced and discussed.For different perturbations,impedance calculation should be carried out by corresponding methods.With the scalability of impedance data acquisition and the integration of rapidly advancing intelligent algorithms,impedance technology holds vast prospects in the field of battery state monitoring.
基金supported by the introduction of Talent Research Fund in Nanjing Institute of Technology(YKJ202204)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52401282 and 52300206)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20230701 and BK20230705).
文摘Achieving high-energy density remains a key objective for advanced energy storage systems.However,challenges,such as poor cathode conductivity,anode dendrite formation,polysulfide shuttling,and electrolyte degradation,continue to limit performance and stability.Molecular and ionic dipole interactions have emerged as an effective strategy to address these issues by regulating ionic transport,modulating solvation structures,optimizing interfacial chemistry,and enhancing charge transfer kinetics.These interactions also stabilize electrode interfaces,suppress side reactions,and mitigate anode corrosion,collectively improving the durability of high-energy batteries.A deeper understanding of these mechanisms is essential to guide the design of next-generation battery materials.Herein,this review summarizes the development,classification,and advantages of dipole interactions in high-energy batteries.The roles of dipoles,including facilitating ion transport,controlling solvation dynamics,stabilizing the electric double layer,optimizing solid electrolyte interphase and cathode–electrolyte interface layers,and inhibiting parasitic reactions—are comprehensively discussed.Finally,perspectives on future research directions are proposed to advance dipole-enabled strategies for high-performance energy storage.This review aims to provide insights into the rational design of dipole-interactive systems and promote the progress of electrochemical energy storage technologies.
