The cycle fuel injection quantity is accurately measured for electronic unit pump （EUP） operating at high, middle and low speeds by using displacement method based on EFS instantaneous mono-injector qualifier. On th...The cycle fuel injection quantity is accurately measured for electronic unit pump （EUP） operating at high, middle and low speeds by using displacement method based on EFS instantaneous mono-injector qualifier. On the basis of the experi- mental data about fuel injection quantity and fuel pressure, the variation of inconsistency in fuel injection quantity of EUP and the influence factors in different operating conditions are concluded. The results show that the inconsistency is lowest in maximum torque condition, while on the start and maximum power conditions, it is higher.展开更多
The high working junction temperature of power component is the most common reason of its failure. So the thermal design is of vital importance in electronic control unit （ECU） design. By means of circuit simulation...The high working junction temperature of power component is the most common reason of its failure. So the thermal design is of vital importance in electronic control unit （ECU） design. By means of circuit simulation, the thermal design of ECU for electronic unit pump （EUP） fuel system is applied. The power dissipation model of each power component in the ECU is created and simulated. According to the analyses of simulation results, the factors which affect the power dissipation of components are analyzed. Then the ways for reducing the power dissipation of power components are carried out. The power dissipation of power components at different engine state is calculated and analyzed. The maximal power dissipation of each power component in all possible engine state is also carried out based on these simulations. A cooling system is designed based on these studies. The tests show that the maximum total power dissipation of ECU drops from 43.2 W to 33.84 W after these simulations and optimizations. These applications of simulations in thermal design of ECU can greatly increase the quality of the design, save the design cost and shorten design time展开更多
A real-time operating system （RTOS）, also named OS, is designed based on the hardware platform of MC68376, and is implemented in the electronic control system for unit pump in diesel engine. A parallel and time-base...A real-time operating system （RTOS）, also named OS, is designed based on the hardware platform of MC68376, and is implemented in the electronic control system for unit pump in diesel engine. A parallel and time-based task division method is introduced and the multi-task software architecture is built in the software system for electronic unit pump （EUP） system. The V-model software development process is used to control algorithm of each task. The simulation results of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system （HILSS） and the engine experimental results show that the OS is an efficient real-time kernel, and can meet the real-time demands of EUP system; The built multi-task software system is real-time, determinate and reliable. V-model development is a good development process of control algorithms for EUP system, the control precision of control system can be ensured, and the development cycle and cost are also decreased.展开更多
The performance of the electronic unit pump (EUP) diesel engine is studied, it will be used in the integrated powertrain and its multi parameters are controllable. Both the theoretical analysis and experiment research...The performance of the electronic unit pump (EUP) diesel engine is studied, it will be used in the integrated powertrain and its multi parameters are controllable. Both the theoretical analysis and experiment research are taken. A control unit for the fuel quantity and timing in crankshaft domain is designed on this basis and the engine experiment test has been done. For the constant speed camshaft driving EUP system, the fuel quantity will increase as the supply angle goes up and injection timing has no effect. The control precision can reach 1°CA. The full injection timing MAP and engine peak performance curves are made successfully.展开更多
For surface defects in electronic water pump shells,the manual detection efficiency is low,prone to misdetection and leak detection,and encounters problems,such as uncertainty.To improve the speed and accuracy of surf...For surface defects in electronic water pump shells,the manual detection efficiency is low,prone to misdetection and leak detection,and encounters problems,such as uncertainty.To improve the speed and accuracy of surface defect detection,a lightweight detection method based on an improved YOLOv5s method is proposed to replace the traditional manual detection methods.In this method,the MobileNetV3 module replaces the backbone network of YOLOv5s,depth-separable convolution is introduced,the parameters and calculations are reduced,and CIoU_Loss is used as the loss function of the boundary box regression to improve its detection accuracy.A dataset of electronic pump shell defects is established,and the performance of the improved method is evaluated by comparing it with that of the original method.The results show that the parameters and FLOPs are reduced by 49.83%and 61.59%,respectively,compared with the original YOLOv5s model,and the detection accuracy is improved by 1.74%,which is an indication of the superiority of the improved method.To further verify the universality of the improved method,it is compared with the results using the original method on the PASCALVOC2007 dataset,which verifies that it yields better performance.In summary,the improved lightweight method can be used for the real-time detection of electronic water pump shell defects.展开更多
In recent years,S-scheme heterojunctions have garnered significant attention,with their carrier trans-fer mechanism primarily understood as the recombination of less reactive photogenerated carriers while preserving t...In recent years,S-scheme heterojunctions have garnered significant attention,with their carrier trans-fer mechanism primarily understood as the recombination of less reactive photogenerated carriers while preserving the highly reactive ones.However,the detailed interfacial electron transfer process can vary slightly among different S-scheme heterojunctions.Here we design a well-structured S-scheme covalent organic framework(COF)/TiO_(2) heterojunction to explore its microscopic interfacial electron transfer pro-cesses.Notably,we identify a cross-interface secondary electron pumping phenomenon within the S-scheme heterojunction,leading to the formation of high-energy anti-Kasha excited states.This discovery deepens our understanding of the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism and suggests that the redox ca-pabilities of S-scheme heterojunctions exceed traditional expectations.Our findings provide new insights into the origins of the high activity observed in S-scheme heterojunctions and enhance our understanding of their electron transfer processes.展开更多
We study the controlling of the Goos-Hanchen （GH） shifts in reflected and transmitted light beams in the triple coupled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot （QD） nanostructures with electron tunneling and incoherent pumping fi...We study the controlling of the Goos-Hanchen （GH） shifts in reflected and transmitted light beams in the triple coupled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot （QD） nanostructures with electron tunneling and incoherent pumping field. It is shown that the lateral shift can become either large negative or large positive, which can be controlled by the electron tunneling and the rate of incoherent pump field in different incident angles. It is also demonstrated that the properties of the OH shifts are strongly dependent on the probe absorption beam of the intracavity medium due to the switching from superluminal light propagation to subluminal behavior or vice versa. Our suggested system can be considered as a new theoretical method for developing a new nano-optoelectronic sensor.展开更多
Resonance lines are extensively used to diagnose electronic temperature Te and ions distribution. However, the analysis of the x-ray spectroscopy emitted from plasmas produced by a ns laser Jsually needs the help of a...Resonance lines are extensively used to diagnose electronic temperature Te and ions distribution. However, the analysis of the x-ray spectroscopy emitted from plasmas produced by a ns laser Jsually needs the help of a code or some assumptions. In this paper, a diagnostic idea of using line-pairs emitted from a doubly-excited state is proposed. By using the method presented in this paper, Te and the fractional population ratio of bare nuclei and H-like ions are directly obtained from the emission intensity ratios.展开更多
The preparation of bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction(ORR)and oxygen evolution(OER)is crucial for Zn-air batteries.Here,we report a La doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)spinel catalyst supported on threedimensional graphene...The preparation of bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction(ORR)and oxygen evolution(OER)is crucial for Zn-air batteries.Here,we report a La doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)spinel catalyst supported on threedimensional graphene(3D-G),where La can facilitate electron transfer from Co to Fe,leading to increased electron cloud density in Fe and improved catalytic performance.The redshift of the G peak in the Raman spectra indicates the interaction between theπbond of 3D-G and d orbitals in La_(0.2)CoFe_(1.8)O_(4).La_(0.2)CoFe_(1.8)/3D-G exhibits superior ORR performance(E_(1/2)=0.86 V vs.RHE)and OER performance(E_(j=10)=1.55 V vs.RHE)to CoFe_(2)O_(4)/3D-G(E_(1/2)=0.831 V vs.RHE,E_(j=10)=1.603 V vs.RHE).Furthermore,it demonstrates excellent bifunctional oxygen catalytic performance while maintaining high power density and stability in liquid zinc-air batteries(ZABs)and flexible ZABs(F-ZABs).This work presents a viable strategy for utilizing rare earth element doped spinels to enhance oxygen catalyst and ZABs performance.展开更多
To solve the slow dynamics of catalytic oxygen reaction energy devices,a facile method was developed for the synthesis of methylene alcohol terminated poly(1,4-phenyldiimine)porphyrin cobalt(MPImPorCo),which was synth...To solve the slow dynamics of catalytic oxygen reaction energy devices,a facile method was developed for the synthesis of methylene alcohol terminated poly(1,4-phenyldiimine)porphyrin cobalt(MPImPorCo),which was synthesized by RuCl3 catalyzed redox reaction of meso-5,10,15,20-tetra(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin cobalt(TNO2PorCo)and 1,4-phenyldimethanol.M-PImPorCo is a fully conjugated covalent organic framework(COF)with high thermal and chemical stability.COFs with different edge groups were synthesized to compare the effect of different groups(–CH_(2)–OH and–NO_(2))on catalytic bifunctional oxygen reaction activity.C=N as nitrogen-rich environment of M-PImPorCo leads to the protonation process of oxygen catalysis and reduces the energy barrier of adsorption in the oxygen intermediate.C=N and–CH_(2)–OH form an“electron pump”structure to deliver electrons to the Co–N4 site in M-PImPorCo,and theπ–πinteraction between M-PImPorCo and three-dimensional graphene(3D-G)can further enrich the electron cloud density of Co–N4 sites.M-PImPorCo/3D-G has remarkable oxygen catalytic performance,with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2))of 0.91 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).M-PImPorCo/3D-G has low potential(Ej=10 is 1.49 V vs.RHE)at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2).It exhibits a good bifunctional catalytic performance(potential difference(ΔE)=0.58 V).The smaller charge–discharge band gap of zinc-air batteries(ZABs)and flexible ZABs(F-ZABs)equipped with M-PImPorCo/3D-G suggests the potential for catalytic oxygen reaction bifunctional applications.This work provides a new idea for the synthesis of Schiff-base porphyrin-based COF catalyst and its potential application to oxygen reaction catalytic energy storage devices.展开更多
文摘The cycle fuel injection quantity is accurately measured for electronic unit pump （EUP） operating at high, middle and low speeds by using displacement method based on EFS instantaneous mono-injector qualifier. On the basis of the experi- mental data about fuel injection quantity and fuel pressure, the variation of inconsistency in fuel injection quantity of EUP and the influence factors in different operating conditions are concluded. The results show that the inconsistency is lowest in maximum torque condition, while on the start and maximum power conditions, it is higher.
文摘The high working junction temperature of power component is the most common reason of its failure. So the thermal design is of vital importance in electronic control unit （ECU） design. By means of circuit simulation, the thermal design of ECU for electronic unit pump （EUP） fuel system is applied. The power dissipation model of each power component in the ECU is created and simulated. According to the analyses of simulation results, the factors which affect the power dissipation of components are analyzed. Then the ways for reducing the power dissipation of power components are carried out. The power dissipation of power components at different engine state is calculated and analyzed. The maximal power dissipation of each power component in all possible engine state is also carried out based on these simulations. A cooling system is designed based on these studies. The tests show that the maximum total power dissipation of ECU drops from 43.2 W to 33.84 W after these simulations and optimizations. These applications of simulations in thermal design of ECU can greatly increase the quality of the design, save the design cost and shorten design time
文摘A real-time operating system （RTOS）, also named OS, is designed based on the hardware platform of MC68376, and is implemented in the electronic control system for unit pump in diesel engine. A parallel and time-based task division method is introduced and the multi-task software architecture is built in the software system for electronic unit pump （EUP） system. The V-model software development process is used to control algorithm of each task. The simulation results of the hardware-in-the-loop simulation system （HILSS） and the engine experimental results show that the OS is an efficient real-time kernel, and can meet the real-time demands of EUP system; The built multi-task software system is real-time, determinate and reliable. V-model development is a good development process of control algorithms for EUP system, the control precision of control system can be ensured, and the development cycle and cost are also decreased.
文摘The performance of the electronic unit pump (EUP) diesel engine is studied, it will be used in the integrated powertrain and its multi parameters are controllable. Both the theoretical analysis and experiment research are taken. A control unit for the fuel quantity and timing in crankshaft domain is designed on this basis and the engine experiment test has been done. For the constant speed camshaft driving EUP system, the fuel quantity will increase as the supply angle goes up and injection timing has no effect. The control precision can reach 1°CA. The full injection timing MAP and engine peak performance curves are made successfully.
基金This work is supported by the Qing Lan Project of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,the 2022 Jiangsu Science and Technology Plan Special Fund(International Science and Technology Cooperation)(BZ2022029).
文摘For surface defects in electronic water pump shells,the manual detection efficiency is low,prone to misdetection and leak detection,and encounters problems,such as uncertainty.To improve the speed and accuracy of surface defect detection,a lightweight detection method based on an improved YOLOv5s method is proposed to replace the traditional manual detection methods.In this method,the MobileNetV3 module replaces the backbone network of YOLOv5s,depth-separable convolution is introduced,the parameters and calculations are reduced,and CIoU_Loss is used as the loss function of the boundary box regression to improve its detection accuracy.A dataset of electronic pump shell defects is established,and the performance of the improved method is evaluated by comparing it with that of the original method.The results show that the parameters and FLOPs are reduced by 49.83%and 61.59%,respectively,compared with the original YOLOv5s model,and the detection accuracy is improved by 1.74%,which is an indication of the superiority of the improved method.To further verify the universality of the improved method,it is compared with the results using the original method on the PASCALVOC2007 dataset,which verifies that it yields better performance.In summary,the improved lightweight method can be used for the real-time detection of electronic water pump shell defects.
基金financially supported by the National Key Re-search and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3803600)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22202187,22361142704,22238009,U24A2071,and 22411540244)+3 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX2021275)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province of China(No.2022CFA001)the Project funded by China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2022M712957)the Postdoctoral Funding Program of Hubei Province.
文摘In recent years,S-scheme heterojunctions have garnered significant attention,with their carrier trans-fer mechanism primarily understood as the recombination of less reactive photogenerated carriers while preserving the highly reactive ones.However,the detailed interfacial electron transfer process can vary slightly among different S-scheme heterojunctions.Here we design a well-structured S-scheme covalent organic framework(COF)/TiO_(2) heterojunction to explore its microscopic interfacial electron transfer pro-cesses.Notably,we identify a cross-interface secondary electron pumping phenomenon within the S-scheme heterojunction,leading to the formation of high-energy anti-Kasha excited states.This discovery deepens our understanding of the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism and suggests that the redox ca-pabilities of S-scheme heterojunctions exceed traditional expectations.Our findings provide new insights into the origins of the high activity observed in S-scheme heterojunctions and enhance our understanding of their electron transfer processes.
文摘We study the controlling of the Goos-Hanchen （GH） shifts in reflected and transmitted light beams in the triple coupled InGaAs/GaAs quantum dot （QD） nanostructures with electron tunneling and incoherent pumping field. It is shown that the lateral shift can become either large negative or large positive, which can be controlled by the electron tunneling and the rate of incoherent pump field in different incident angles. It is also demonstrated that the properties of the OH shifts are strongly dependent on the probe absorption beam of the intracavity medium due to the switching from superluminal light propagation to subluminal behavior or vice versa. Our suggested system can be considered as a new theoretical method for developing a new nano-optoelectronic sensor.
文摘Resonance lines are extensively used to diagnose electronic temperature Te and ions distribution. However, the analysis of the x-ray spectroscopy emitted from plasmas produced by a ns laser Jsually needs the help of a code or some assumptions. In this paper, a diagnostic idea of using line-pairs emitted from a doubly-excited state is proposed. By using the method presented in this paper, Te and the fractional population ratio of bare nuclei and H-like ions are directly obtained from the emission intensity ratios.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22172093 and 21776167)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2023MB061).
文摘The preparation of bifunctional catalysts for oxygen reduction(ORR)and oxygen evolution(OER)is crucial for Zn-air batteries.Here,we report a La doped CoFe_(2)O_(4)spinel catalyst supported on threedimensional graphene(3D-G),where La can facilitate electron transfer from Co to Fe,leading to increased electron cloud density in Fe and improved catalytic performance.The redshift of the G peak in the Raman spectra indicates the interaction between theπbond of 3D-G and d orbitals in La_(0.2)CoFe_(1.8)O_(4).La_(0.2)CoFe_(1.8)/3D-G exhibits superior ORR performance(E_(1/2)=0.86 V vs.RHE)and OER performance(E_(j=10)=1.55 V vs.RHE)to CoFe_(2)O_(4)/3D-G(E_(1/2)=0.831 V vs.RHE,E_(j=10)=1.603 V vs.RHE).Furthermore,it demonstrates excellent bifunctional oxygen catalytic performance while maintaining high power density and stability in liquid zinc-air batteries(ZABs)and flexible ZABs(F-ZABs).This work presents a viable strategy for utilizing rare earth element doped spinels to enhance oxygen catalyst and ZABs performance.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22172093 and 21776167)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2023MB061).
文摘To solve the slow dynamics of catalytic oxygen reaction energy devices,a facile method was developed for the synthesis of methylene alcohol terminated poly(1,4-phenyldiimine)porphyrin cobalt(MPImPorCo),which was synthesized by RuCl3 catalyzed redox reaction of meso-5,10,15,20-tetra(4-nitrophenyl)porphyrin cobalt(TNO2PorCo)and 1,4-phenyldimethanol.M-PImPorCo is a fully conjugated covalent organic framework(COF)with high thermal and chemical stability.COFs with different edge groups were synthesized to compare the effect of different groups(–CH_(2)–OH and–NO_(2))on catalytic bifunctional oxygen reaction activity.C=N as nitrogen-rich environment of M-PImPorCo leads to the protonation process of oxygen catalysis and reduces the energy barrier of adsorption in the oxygen intermediate.C=N and–CH_(2)–OH form an“electron pump”structure to deliver electrons to the Co–N4 site in M-PImPorCo,and theπ–πinteraction between M-PImPorCo and three-dimensional graphene(3D-G)can further enrich the electron cloud density of Co–N4 sites.M-PImPorCo/3D-G has remarkable oxygen catalytic performance,with a half-wave potential(E_(1/2))of 0.91 V vs.reversible hydrogen electrode(RHE).M-PImPorCo/3D-G has low potential(Ej=10 is 1.49 V vs.RHE)at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2).It exhibits a good bifunctional catalytic performance(potential difference(ΔE)=0.58 V).The smaller charge–discharge band gap of zinc-air batteries(ZABs)and flexible ZABs(F-ZABs)equipped with M-PImPorCo/3D-G suggests the potential for catalytic oxygen reaction bifunctional applications.This work provides a new idea for the synthesis of Schiff-base porphyrin-based COF catalyst and its potential application to oxygen reaction catalytic energy storage devices.
