This special issue will include reviews,regular papers,and short communications,and reports in the fields for next generation electronics and photonics.The topics include but not restricted in advanced microelectronic...This special issue will include reviews,regular papers,and short communications,and reports in the fields for next generation electronics and photonics.The topics include but not restricted in advanced microelectronic devices and materials,low-dimensional materials and novel nanodevice applications,flexible/wearable/implantable electronics,wide bandgap semiconductor materials and devices,photoelectronics,photonics,advanced display technologies,nanophotonics,integrated quantum photonics,photovoltaics,energy harvesting and self-powered wireless sensing,sensors,micro-actuators,MEMS,microfluidics,and bioMEMS,etc.展开更多
In two-dimensional bilayer systems,twist-angle-dependent electronic and thermoelectric properties have garnered significant scientific interest in recent years.In this work,based on a combination of density functional...In two-dimensional bilayer systems,twist-angle-dependent electronic and thermoelectric properties have garnered significant scientific interest in recent years.In this work,based on a combination of density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function method,we explore the electronic and thermoelectric properties in blue-phosphorene nanoribbon-based heterojunction(BPNRHJ)with and without blue-phosphorene nanoribbon(BPNR)stack.Our calculations find that the electronic conductance and power factor can be strongly enhanced by the BPNR stack,and their enhancements can be further observed with the twist between the layers.The main reason for this is the electronic hybridization between the layers can provide new transport channels,and the twist can modulate the strength of interlayer electronic hybridization,resulting in extremely violent fluctuations in electron transmission and hence an enhanced power factor.While the phonon thermal conductance exhibits very low dependence on the layer stack and twist.Combining these factors,our results reveal that the thermoelectric performance can be greatly modulated and enhanced in twist bilayer BPNRHJ:the figure of merit will be over 2.5 in 4-4-ZBPNR@ZGNR-AA-8.8∘at 500 K.展开更多
The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic...The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic devices fabricated through low-cost,hand-printing techniques,with particular emphasis on their applications in energy harvesting,storage,and sensing.Unlike conventional plastic-based substrates,cellulose paper offers several advantages,including biodegradability,recyclability,and low fabrication cost.By integrating functional nanomaterials such as two-dimensional chalcogenides,metal oxides,conductive polymers,and carbon-based structures onto paper,researchers have achieved high-performance devices such as broadband photodetectors(responsivity up to 52 mA/W),supercapacitors(energy density~15.1 mWh/cm^(2)),and pressure sensors(sensitivity~18.42 kPa^(-1)).The hand-printing approach,which eliminates the need for sophisticated equipment and toxic solvents,offers a promising route for scalable,sustainable,and disposable electronics.This review outlines fabrication methods and key performance metrics,and discusses the current challenges and future directions for realizing robust,flexible devices aligned with green technology and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.展开更多
The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in bilayer nickelate La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)under high-pressure conditions has spurred extensive efforts to stabilize superconductivity at ambient pressure.Recently,the re...The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in bilayer nickelate La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)under high-pressure conditions has spurred extensive efforts to stabilize superconductivity at ambient pressure.Recently,the realization of superconductivity in compressively strained La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)thin films grown on the SrLaAlO_(4)substrates,with a T_(c)exceeding 40 K,represents a significant step toward this goal.Here,we investigate the influence of film thickness and carrier doping on the electronic structure of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)thin films,ranging from 0.5 to 3 unit cells,using first-principles calculations.For a 2 unit-cell film with an optimal doping concentration of 0.3 hole per formula unit(0.15 hole/Ni),the Ni-d_(z^(2))interlayer bonding state crosses the Fermi level,resulting in the formation ofγpockets at the Fermi surface.These findings align with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experimental data.Our results provide theoretical validation for the recent experimental discovery of ambient-pressure superconductivity in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)thin films and underscore the significant impact of film thickness and carrier doping on electronic property modulation.展开更多
Opto-electronics is rooted in the effects and principles of light,photons,and even photonic quasiparticles interaction with matter such as electronics systems,focusing on the generation,transmission,detection,and mani...Opto-electronics is rooted in the effects and principles of light,photons,and even photonic quasiparticles interaction with matter such as electronics systems,focusing on the generation,transmission,detection,and manipulation of energy and information.This field drives innovation across diverse technological domains,including advanced materials,devices,methods,instruments,and equipment that empower humanity to overcome significant challenges in observation,communication,computing,data storage,display technologies,and sustainable energy solutions.展开更多
Thework presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds.Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density f...Thework presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds.Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density functional theory accounting for spin-orbit coupling.These compounds are computed to be semiconductors.The calculated gap values make ScNiBi and YNiBi valid for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications and as selective filters.In ScNiBi and YNiBi,an intense peak at the energy of−2 eV is composed of theNi 3d states in the conduction band,and the valence band mostly contains these states with some contributions from the Bi 6p and Sc 3d or Y 4d electronic states.These states participate in the formation of the indirect gap of 0.16 eV(ScNiBi)and 0.18 eV(YNiBi).Within the spectral ellipsometry technique in the interval 0.22–15μm of wavelength,the optical functions of materials are studied,and their dispersion features are revealed.A good matching of the experimental and modeled optical conductivity spectra allowed us to analyze orbital contributions.The abnormally low optical absorption observed in the low-energy region of the spectrum is referred to as the results of band calculations indicating a small density of electronic states near the Fermi energy of these complex materials.展开更多
In rock drilling and blasting,the misfire of electronic detonators will not only affect the rock fragmentation result but also bring serious potential safety hazards to engineering construction.An accurate and compreh...In rock drilling and blasting,the misfire of electronic detonators will not only affect the rock fragmentation result but also bring serious potential safety hazards to engineering construction.An accurate and comprehensive understanding of the failure mechanisms of electronic detonators subjected to impact loading is of great significance to the reliability design and field safety use of electronic detonators.The spatial distribution characteristics and failure modes of misfired electronic detonators under different application scenarios are statistically analysed.The results show that under high impact loads,electronic detonators will experience failure phenomena such as rupture of the fuse head,fracture of the bridge wire,falling off of the solder joint,chip module damage and insufficient initiation energy after deformation.The lack of impact resistance is the primary cause of misfire of electronic detonators.Combined with the underwater impact resistance test and the impact load test in the adjacent blasthole on site,the formulas of the impact failure probability of the electronic detonator under different stress‒strength distribution curves are deduced.The test and evaluation method of the impact resistance of electronic detonators based on stress‒strength interference theory is proposed.Furthermore,the impact failure model of electronic detonators considering the strength degradation effect under repeated random loads is established.On this basis,the failure mechanism of electronic detonators under different application environments,such as open-pit blasting and underground blasting,is revealed,which provides scientific theory and methods for the reliability analysis,design and type selection of electronic detonators in rock drilling and blasting.展开更多
Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic efficiency.The introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the e...Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic efficiency.The introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the electronic structure of active sites.This optimization influences the adsorption energy of intermediates,thereby mitigating reaction energy barriers,altering paths,enhancing selectivity,and ultimately improving the catalytic efficiency of electrocatalysts.To elucidate the impact of defects on the electrocatalytic process,we comprehensively outline the roles of various point defects,their synthetic methodologies,and characterization techniques.Importantly,we consolidate insights into the relationship between point defects and catalytic activity for hydrogen/oxygen evolution and CO_(2)/O_(2)/N_(2) reduction reactions by integrating mechanisms from diverse reactions.This underscores the pivotal role of point defects in enhancing catalytic performance.At last,the principal challenges and prospects associated with point defects in current electrocatalysts are proposed,emphasizing their role in advancing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials.展开更多
The development of electronic products and increased electronic waste have triggered a series of ecological problems on Earth.Meanwhile,amidst energy crises and the pursuit of carbon neutrality,the recycling of discar...The development of electronic products and increased electronic waste have triggered a series of ecological problems on Earth.Meanwhile,amidst energy crises and the pursuit of carbon neutrality,the recycling of discarded biomass has attracted the attention of many researchers.In recent years,the transformation of discarded biomass into value-added electronic products has emerged as a promising endeavor in the field of green and flexible electronics.In this review,the attempts and advancements in biomass conversion into flexible electronic materials and devices are systematically summarized.We focus on reviewing the research progress in biomass conversion into substrates,electrodes,and materials tailored for optical and thermal management.Furthermore,we explore component combinations suitable for applications in environmental monitoring and health management.Finally,we discuss the challenges in techniques and cost-effectiveness currently faced by biomass conversion into flexible electronic devices and propose improvement strategies.Drawing insights from both fundamental research and industrial applications,we offer prospects for future developments in this burgeoning field.展开更多
Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfus...Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological damage.While pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been established.The objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.展开更多
Polymeric perylene diimide(PDI)has been evidenced as a good candidate for photocatalytic water oxidation,yet the origin of the photocatalytic oxygen evolution activity remains unclear and needs further exploration.Her...Polymeric perylene diimide(PDI)has been evidenced as a good candidate for photocatalytic water oxidation,yet the origin of the photocatalytic oxygen evolution activity remains unclear and needs further exploration.Herein,with crystal and atomic structures of the self-assembled PDI revealed from the X-ray diffraction pattern,the electronic structure is theoretically illustrated by the first-principles density functional theory calculations,suggesting the suitable band structure and the direct electronic transition for efficient photocatalytic oxygen evolution over PDI.It is confirmed that the carbonyl O atoms on the conjugation structure serve as the active sites for oxygen evolution reaction by the crystal orbital Hamiltonian group analysis.The calculations of reaction free energy changes indicate that the oxygen evolution reaction should follow the reaction pathway of H_(2)O→^(*)OH→^(*)O→^(*)OOH→^(*)O_(2)with an overpotential of 0.81 V.Through an in-depth theoretical computational analysis in the atomic and electronic structures,the origin of photocatalytic oxygen evolution activity for PDI is well illustrated,which would help the rational design and modification of polymeric photocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution.展开更多
By simplifying catalyst-product separation and reducing phosphorus waste,heterogeneous hydroformylation offers a more sustainable alternative to homogeneous processes.However,heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts d...By simplifying catalyst-product separation and reducing phosphorus waste,heterogeneous hydroformylation offers a more sustainable alternative to homogeneous processes.However,heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts developed thus far still suffer from the issues of much lower activity and metal leaching,which severely hinder their practical application.Here,we demonstrate that incorporating phosphorus(P)atoms into graphitic carbon nitride(PCN)supports facilitates charge transfer from Rh to the PCN support,thus largely enhancing electronic metal-support interactions(EMSIs).In the styrene hydroformylation reaction,the activity of Rh_(1)/PCN single-atom catalysts(SACs)with varying P contents exhibited a volcano-shaped relationship with P doping,where the Rh_(1)/PCN SAC with optimal P doping showed exceptional activity,approximately 5.8-and 3.3-fold greater than that of the Rh_(1)/g-C_(3)N_(4)SAC without P doping and the industrial homogeneous catalyst HRh(CO)(PPh_(3))_(3),respectively.In addition,the optimal Rh_(1)/PCN SAC catalyst also demonstrated largely enhanced multicycle stability without any visible metal aggregation owing to the increased EMSIs,which sharply differed from the severe metal aggregation of large nanoparticles on the Rh_(1)/g-C_(3)N_(4)SAC.Mechan-istic studies revealed that the enhanced catalytic performance could be attributed to electron-deficient Rh species,which reduced CO adsorption while simultaneously promoting alkene adsorption through increased EMSIs.These findings suggest that tuning EMSIs is an effective way to achieve SACs with high activity and durability.展开更多
This study introduces a comprehensive theoretical framework for accurately calculating the electronic band-structure of strained long-wavelength InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱsuperlattices.Utilizing an eight-band k·p Hamilto⁃...This study introduces a comprehensive theoretical framework for accurately calculating the electronic band-structure of strained long-wavelength InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱsuperlattices.Utilizing an eight-band k·p Hamilto⁃nian in conjunction with a scattering matrix method,the model effectively incorporates quantum confinement,strain effects,and interface states.This robust and numerically stable approach achieves exceptional agreement with experimental data,offering a reliable tool for analyzing and engineering the band structure of complex multi⁃layer systems.展开更多
Higher-order band topology not only enriches our understanding of topological phases but also unveils pioneering lower-dimensional boundary states,which harbors substantial potential for next-generation device applica...Higher-order band topology not only enriches our understanding of topological phases but also unveils pioneering lower-dimensional boundary states,which harbors substantial potential for next-generation device applications.The distinct electronic configurations and tunable attributes of two-dimensional materials position them as a quintessential platform for the realization of second-order topological insulators(SOTIs).This article provides an overview of the research progress in SOTIs within the field of two-dimensional electronic materials,focusing on the characterization of higher-order topological properties and the numerous candidate materials proposed in theoretical studies.These endeavors not only enhance our understanding of higher-order topological states but also highlight potential material systems that could be experimentally realized.展开更多
The infinite-layer nickelates,proposed as analogs to superconducting cuprates,provide a promising platform for exploring the mechanisms of unconventional superconductivity.However,the superconductivity has been exclus...The infinite-layer nickelates,proposed as analogs to superconducting cuprates,provide a promising platform for exploring the mechanisms of unconventional superconductivity.However,the superconductivity has been exclusively observed in thin films under atmospheric pressure,underscoring the critical role of the heterointerface.展开更多
Diradicaloid polycyclic hydrocarbons(PHs)own unique open-shell electronic structures and exhibit potential utility in the fields of organic electronics and spintronics.Herein,we disclose precise fusion of B/O-heterocy...Diradicaloid polycyclic hydrocarbons(PHs)own unique open-shell electronic structures and exhibit potential utility in the fields of organic electronics and spintronics.Herein,we disclose precise fusion of B/O-heterocycles onto PHs for control over their electronic structures and diradical properties.We designed and synthesized four B/O-containing diradicaloid isomers that feature the fluoreno[3,2-b]fluorene and fluoreno[2,1-a]fluoreneπ-skeletons,respectively.The precise B/O-heterocycle fusion modes along with the changed conjugation patterns lead to their modulated electronic structures and properties,such as diradical and aromatic structures,energy levels and band gaps,as well as magnetic,electrochemical and photophysical properties.Notably,the mode A may decrease the open-shell extent,whereas the mode B can enhance the diradical nature,leading to their well-tuned diradical characters in the range of0.46-0.70.Moreover,the mode A stabilizes the LUMOs and the mode B obviously increases the HOMO levels,which are remarkably contributed by the B and O atoms,respectively,further giving rise to the decreased band gaps and redshifted absorptions.This study clearly illustrates the electronic effects of B/O-heterocycle fusion on PHs and gains insight into B/O-type organic diradicaloids.These findings will provide an important guideline for the design of more fascinating heteroatom-containing diradicaloids.展开更多
Flexible pressure sensors show great promise for applications in such fields as electronic skin,healthcare,and intelligent robotics.Traditional capacitive pressure sensors,however,face the problem of low sensitivity,w...Flexible pressure sensors show great promise for applications in such fields as electronic skin,healthcare,and intelligent robotics.Traditional capacitive pressure sensors,however,face the problem of low sensitivity,which limits their wider application.In this paper,a flexible capacitive pressure sensor with microstructured ionization layer is fabricated by a sandwich-type process,with a low-cost and simple process of inverted molding with sandpapers being used to form a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ionic film with double-sided microstructure as the dielectric layer of the sensor,with silver nanowires as electrodes.The operating mechanism of this iontronic pressure sensor is analyzed using a graphical method,and the sensor is tested on a pressure platform.The test results show that the sensor has ultrahigh pressure sensitivities of 3.744 and 1.689 kPa^(−1) at low(0-20 kPa)and high(20-800 kPa)pressures,respectively,as well as a rapid response time(100 ms),and it exhibits good stability and repeatability.The sensor can be used for sensitive monitoring of activities such as finger bending,and for facial expression(smile,frown)recognition,as well as speech recognition.展开更多
Sluggish sulfur conversion kinetics pose an ongoing challenge in lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs).Here,we present a solution through far-reaching long-range electronic regulation(LRER)on single-atom active sites.N-doped...Sluggish sulfur conversion kinetics pose an ongoing challenge in lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs).Here,we present a solution through far-reaching long-range electronic regulation(LRER)on single-atom active sites.N-doped carbons(Co-NC)are implanted with densely-distributed Co single atoms,and supported on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene substrates to assemble 3D Co-NC/MXene catalyst.MXene effectively mediates interlayer charge transfer(~0.70|e|)contrasted with popular carbon materials(~0.06|e|)to produce LRER through surrounding carbon atoms.The synergy of LRER with near-range electronic regulation(NRER)tunes electronic structures,and enhances heterostructural stability,thus provoking desirous catalytic kinetics of Co single atoms in sulfur reduction.Thereby,the Co-NC/MXene/S cathodes exhibit impressive rate performance and excellent cycling stability(only 0.015%capacity decay per cycle over 600 cycles at 4 C)in LSBs,surpassing state-of-the-art sulfur cathodes.This work reveals the importance of LRER for improved catalysis,and provides new guidance to tailor heterostructures to achieve high-efficient catalysts in various process.展开更多
The existence of multiple vacancies leads to significant changes in the local atomic structure,which can regulate the electronic structure of the surface and form unsaturated coordination geometries.However,the curren...The existence of multiple vacancies leads to significant changes in the local atomic structure,which can regulate the electronic structure of the surface and form unsaturated coordination geometries.However,the current methods employed to generate multiple vacancies in two-dimensional(2D)layered double hydroxide(LDH)materials are still difficult to achieve to some extent and are primarily limited to monolayer LDH structures.Here,we present an improved method to synthesize NiMoP/Ni_(2)P catalysts with a sponge-like porous structure.Firstly,NiO with dual defects was constructed by subjecting NiMo-LDH/Ni to air calcination.Subsequently,we performed phosphorization treatment and introduced multiple Ni vacancies and O vacancies as defect sites to tune the edge and substrate surfaces of LDH.At the same time,the electronic structure was tuned by adding P heteroatoms.The synergistic effect of porous structure,heterogeneous interfaces,vacancies,doping defects,and amorphous states can greatly enhance the electron transfer effect inside the catalysts,which significantly improves the catalytic ability of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Therefore,the overpotential for the oxygen evolution reaction of NiMoP/Ni_(2)P heterointerfaces reaches 270 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)under alkaline conditions,with the catalysts capable of sustaining high current densities even after the durability testing for 35 h.展开更多
Reliable electricity infrastructure is critical for modern society,highlighting the importance of securing the stability of fundamental power electronic systems.However,as such systems frequently involve high-current ...Reliable electricity infrastructure is critical for modern society,highlighting the importance of securing the stability of fundamental power electronic systems.However,as such systems frequently involve high-current and high-voltage conditions,there is a greater likelihood of failures.Consequently,anomaly detection of power electronic systems holds great significance,which is a task that properly-designed neural networks can well undertake,as proven in various scenarios.Transformer-like networks are promising for such application,yet with its structure initially designed for different tasks,features extracted by beginning layers are often lost,decreasing detection performance.Also,such data-driven methods typically require sufficient anomalous data for training,which could be difficult to obtain in practice.Therefore,to improve feature utilization while achieving efficient unsupervised learning,a novel model,Densely-connected Decoder Transformer(DDformer),is proposed for unsupervised anomaly detection of power electronic systems in this paper.First,efficient labelfree training is achieved based on the concept of autoencoder with recursive-free output.An encoder-decoder structure with densely-connected decoder is then adopted,merging features from all encoder layers to avoid possible loss of mined features while reducing training difficulty.Both simulation and real-world experiments are conducted to validate the capabilities of DDformer,and the average FDR has surpassed baseline models,reaching 89.39%,93.91%,95.98%in different experiment setups respectively.展开更多
文摘This special issue will include reviews,regular papers,and short communications,and reports in the fields for next generation electronics and photonics.The topics include but not restricted in advanced microelectronic devices and materials,low-dimensional materials and novel nanodevice applications,flexible/wearable/implantable electronics,wide bandgap semiconductor materials and devices,photoelectronics,photonics,advanced display technologies,nanophotonics,integrated quantum photonics,photovoltaics,energy harvesting and self-powered wireless sensing,sensors,micro-actuators,MEMS,microfluidics,and bioMEMS,etc.
基金supported by the Key Projects of Department of Education of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.21A0167)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Grant No.2019JJ40532)the Talent Introducing Foundation of Central South University of Forestry and Technology(Grant No.104-0160)。
文摘In two-dimensional bilayer systems,twist-angle-dependent electronic and thermoelectric properties have garnered significant scientific interest in recent years.In this work,based on a combination of density functional theory and nonequilibrium Green’s function method,we explore the electronic and thermoelectric properties in blue-phosphorene nanoribbon-based heterojunction(BPNRHJ)with and without blue-phosphorene nanoribbon(BPNR)stack.Our calculations find that the electronic conductance and power factor can be strongly enhanced by the BPNR stack,and their enhancements can be further observed with the twist between the layers.The main reason for this is the electronic hybridization between the layers can provide new transport channels,and the twist can modulate the strength of interlayer electronic hybridization,resulting in extremely violent fluctuations in electron transmission and hence an enhanced power factor.While the phonon thermal conductance exhibits very low dependence on the layer stack and twist.Combining these factors,our results reveal that the thermoelectric performance can be greatly modulated and enhanced in twist bilayer BPNRHJ:the figure of merit will be over 2.5 in 4-4-ZBPNR@ZGNR-AA-8.8∘at 500 K.
基金The Consortium for Scientific Research,Indore(CSR,Indore)(No.CRS/2021-22/01/426)is acknowledged by the authorsFor the research facilities,the authors are grateful to CHARUSAT University.
文摘The rapid advancement of modern electronics has led to a surge in solid electronic waste,which poses significant environmental and health challenges.This review focuses on recent developments in paper-based electronic devices fabricated through low-cost,hand-printing techniques,with particular emphasis on their applications in energy harvesting,storage,and sensing.Unlike conventional plastic-based substrates,cellulose paper offers several advantages,including biodegradability,recyclability,and low fabrication cost.By integrating functional nanomaterials such as two-dimensional chalcogenides,metal oxides,conductive polymers,and carbon-based structures onto paper,researchers have achieved high-performance devices such as broadband photodetectors(responsivity up to 52 mA/W),supercapacitors(energy density~15.1 mWh/cm^(2)),and pressure sensors(sensitivity~18.42 kPa^(-1)).The hand-printing approach,which eliminates the need for sophisticated equipment and toxic solvents,offers a promising route for scalable,sustainable,and disposable electronics.This review outlines fabrication methods and key performance metrics,and discusses the current challenges and future directions for realizing robust,flexible devices aligned with green technology and the United Nation’s Sustainable Development Goals.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Gran Nos.2022YFA1402304 and 2022YFA1402802)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12494591,12122405,12274169,and 92165204)+4 种基金Program for Science and Technology Innovation Team in Zhejiang(Grant No.2021R01004)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectric Physics and Devices(Grant No.2022B1212010008)Guangdong Fundamental Research Center for Magnetoelectric Physics(2024B0303390001)Guangdong Provincial Quantum Science Strategic Initiative(Grant No.GDZX2401010)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in bilayer nickelate La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)under high-pressure conditions has spurred extensive efforts to stabilize superconductivity at ambient pressure.Recently,the realization of superconductivity in compressively strained La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)thin films grown on the SrLaAlO_(4)substrates,with a T_(c)exceeding 40 K,represents a significant step toward this goal.Here,we investigate the influence of film thickness and carrier doping on the electronic structure of La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)thin films,ranging from 0.5 to 3 unit cells,using first-principles calculations.For a 2 unit-cell film with an optimal doping concentration of 0.3 hole per formula unit(0.15 hole/Ni),the Ni-d_(z^(2))interlayer bonding state crosses the Fermi level,resulting in the formation ofγpockets at the Fermi surface.These findings align with angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experimental data.Our results provide theoretical validation for the recent experimental discovery of ambient-pressure superconductivity in La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)thin films and underscore the significant impact of film thickness and carrier doping on electronic property modulation.
文摘Opto-electronics is rooted in the effects and principles of light,photons,and even photonic quasiparticles interaction with matter such as electronics systems,focusing on the generation,transmission,detection,and manipulation of energy and information.This field drives innovation across diverse technological domains,including advanced materials,devices,methods,instruments,and equipment that empower humanity to overcome significant challenges in observation,communication,computing,data storage,display technologies,and sustainable energy solutions.
文摘Thework presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds.Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density functional theory accounting for spin-orbit coupling.These compounds are computed to be semiconductors.The calculated gap values make ScNiBi and YNiBi valid for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications and as selective filters.In ScNiBi and YNiBi,an intense peak at the energy of−2 eV is composed of theNi 3d states in the conduction band,and the valence band mostly contains these states with some contributions from the Bi 6p and Sc 3d or Y 4d electronic states.These states participate in the formation of the indirect gap of 0.16 eV(ScNiBi)and 0.18 eV(YNiBi).Within the spectral ellipsometry technique in the interval 0.22–15μm of wavelength,the optical functions of materials are studied,and their dispersion features are revealed.A good matching of the experimental and modeled optical conductivity spectra allowed us to analyze orbital contributions.The abnormally low optical absorption observed in the low-energy region of the spectrum is referred to as the results of band calculations indicating a small density of electronic states near the Fermi energy of these complex materials.
基金supported by the Chongqing Youth Talent Support Program(Cstc2022ycjh-bgzxm0079)the Chinese National Natural Science Foundation(52379128,51979152)+2 种基金Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hubei Proivnce(2023AFA048)Educational Commission of Hubei Province of China(T2020005)the Young Top-notch Talent Cultivation Program of Hubei Province.
文摘In rock drilling and blasting,the misfire of electronic detonators will not only affect the rock fragmentation result but also bring serious potential safety hazards to engineering construction.An accurate and comprehensive understanding of the failure mechanisms of electronic detonators subjected to impact loading is of great significance to the reliability design and field safety use of electronic detonators.The spatial distribution characteristics and failure modes of misfired electronic detonators under different application scenarios are statistically analysed.The results show that under high impact loads,electronic detonators will experience failure phenomena such as rupture of the fuse head,fracture of the bridge wire,falling off of the solder joint,chip module damage and insufficient initiation energy after deformation.The lack of impact resistance is the primary cause of misfire of electronic detonators.Combined with the underwater impact resistance test and the impact load test in the adjacent blasthole on site,the formulas of the impact failure probability of the electronic detonator under different stress‒strength distribution curves are deduced.The test and evaluation method of the impact resistance of electronic detonators based on stress‒strength interference theory is proposed.Furthermore,the impact failure model of electronic detonators considering the strength degradation effect under repeated random loads is established.On this basis,the failure mechanism of electronic detonators under different application environments,such as open-pit blasting and underground blasting,is revealed,which provides scientific theory and methods for the reliability analysis,design and type selection of electronic detonators in rock drilling and blasting.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20281)the Special Fund for Young Teachers from Zhengzhou University(JC23557030,JC23257011)+1 种基金the Key Research Projects of Higher Education Institutions of Henan Province(24A530009)the Project of Zhongyuan Critical Metals Laboratory(GJJSGFYQ202336).
文摘Point defect engineering endows catalysts with novel physical and chemical properties,elevating their electrocatalytic efficiency.The introduction of defects emerges as a promising strategy,effectively modifying the electronic structure of active sites.This optimization influences the adsorption energy of intermediates,thereby mitigating reaction energy barriers,altering paths,enhancing selectivity,and ultimately improving the catalytic efficiency of electrocatalysts.To elucidate the impact of defects on the electrocatalytic process,we comprehensively outline the roles of various point defects,their synthetic methodologies,and characterization techniques.Importantly,we consolidate insights into the relationship between point defects and catalytic activity for hydrogen/oxygen evolution and CO_(2)/O_(2)/N_(2) reduction reactions by integrating mechanisms from diverse reactions.This underscores the pivotal role of point defects in enhancing catalytic performance.At last,the principal challenges and prospects associated with point defects in current electrocatalysts are proposed,emphasizing their role in advancing the efficiency of electrochemical energy storage and conversion materials.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFA0901700)National Natural Science Foundation of China(22278241)+1 种基金a grant from the Institute Guo Qiang,Tsinghua University(2021GQG1016)Department of Chemical Engineering-iBHE Joint Cooperation Fund。
文摘The development of electronic products and increased electronic waste have triggered a series of ecological problems on Earth.Meanwhile,amidst energy crises and the pursuit of carbon neutrality,the recycling of discarded biomass has attracted the attention of many researchers.In recent years,the transformation of discarded biomass into value-added electronic products has emerged as a promising endeavor in the field of green and flexible electronics.In this review,the attempts and advancements in biomass conversion into flexible electronic materials and devices are systematically summarized.We focus on reviewing the research progress in biomass conversion into substrates,electrodes,and materials tailored for optical and thermal management.Furthermore,we explore component combinations suitable for applications in environmental monitoring and health management.Finally,we discuss the challenges in techniques and cost-effectiveness currently faced by biomass conversion into flexible electronic devices and propose improvement strategies.Drawing insights from both fundamental research and industrial applications,we offer prospects for future developments in this burgeoning field.
基金supported by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke of the National Institutes of Health under award number R21NS114763US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) under award#W81XWH-18-1-0773merit-based career enhancement award at the Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research (to CL)
文摘Bioelectronic interventions,specifically trigeminal nerve st imulat ion(TNS),have attracted considerable attention in conditions where cortical spreading depolarizations(CSDs)accompanied by compromised cerebral perfusion may exacerbate neurological damage.While pharmacological interventions have demonstrated initial potential in addressing CSDs,a standardized treatment approach has not yet been established.The objective of this perspective is to explore emerging bioelectronic methodologies for addressing CSDs,particularly emphasizing TNS,and to underscore TNS’s capacity to enhance neurovascular coupling and cerebral perfusion.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.523B2070,No.52225606).
文摘Polymeric perylene diimide(PDI)has been evidenced as a good candidate for photocatalytic water oxidation,yet the origin of the photocatalytic oxygen evolution activity remains unclear and needs further exploration.Herein,with crystal and atomic structures of the self-assembled PDI revealed from the X-ray diffraction pattern,the electronic structure is theoretically illustrated by the first-principles density functional theory calculations,suggesting the suitable band structure and the direct electronic transition for efficient photocatalytic oxygen evolution over PDI.It is confirmed that the carbonyl O atoms on the conjugation structure serve as the active sites for oxygen evolution reaction by the crystal orbital Hamiltonian group analysis.The calculations of reaction free energy changes indicate that the oxygen evolution reaction should follow the reaction pathway of H_(2)O→^(*)OH→^(*)O→^(*)OOH→^(*)O_(2)with an overpotential of 0.81 V.Through an in-depth theoretical computational analysis in the atomic and electronic structures,the origin of photocatalytic oxygen evolution activity for PDI is well illustrated,which would help the rational design and modification of polymeric photocatalysts for efficient oxygen evolution.
基金supported by the Petrochemical Research Institute Foundation(21-CB-09-01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22302186,22025205)+1 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M713030,2023T160618)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(WK2060000058,WK2060000038).
文摘By simplifying catalyst-product separation and reducing phosphorus waste,heterogeneous hydroformylation offers a more sustainable alternative to homogeneous processes.However,heterogeneous hydroformylation catalysts developed thus far still suffer from the issues of much lower activity and metal leaching,which severely hinder their practical application.Here,we demonstrate that incorporating phosphorus(P)atoms into graphitic carbon nitride(PCN)supports facilitates charge transfer from Rh to the PCN support,thus largely enhancing electronic metal-support interactions(EMSIs).In the styrene hydroformylation reaction,the activity of Rh_(1)/PCN single-atom catalysts(SACs)with varying P contents exhibited a volcano-shaped relationship with P doping,where the Rh_(1)/PCN SAC with optimal P doping showed exceptional activity,approximately 5.8-and 3.3-fold greater than that of the Rh_(1)/g-C_(3)N_(4)SAC without P doping and the industrial homogeneous catalyst HRh(CO)(PPh_(3))_(3),respectively.In addition,the optimal Rh_(1)/PCN SAC catalyst also demonstrated largely enhanced multicycle stability without any visible metal aggregation owing to the increased EMSIs,which sharply differed from the severe metal aggregation of large nanoparticles on the Rh_(1)/g-C_(3)N_(4)SAC.Mechan-istic studies revealed that the enhanced catalytic performance could be attributed to electron-deficient Rh species,which reduced CO adsorption while simultaneously promoting alkene adsorption through increased EMSIs.These findings suggest that tuning EMSIs is an effective way to achieve SACs with high activity and durability.
文摘This study introduces a comprehensive theoretical framework for accurately calculating the electronic band-structure of strained long-wavelength InAs/GaSb type-Ⅱsuperlattices.Utilizing an eight-band k·p Hamilto⁃nian in conjunction with a scattering matrix method,the model effectively incorporates quantum confinement,strain effects,and interface states.This robust and numerically stable approach achieves exceptional agreement with experimental data,offering a reliable tool for analyzing and engineering the band structure of complex multi⁃layer systems.
基金supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(Grants No.12174220 and No.12074217)the Shandong Provincial Science Foundation for Excellent Young Scholars(Grant No.ZR2023YQ001)+1 种基金the Taishan Young Scholar Program of Shandong Provincethe Qilu Young Scholar Pro-gram of Shandong University.
文摘Higher-order band topology not only enriches our understanding of topological phases but also unveils pioneering lower-dimensional boundary states,which harbors substantial potential for next-generation device applications.The distinct electronic configurations and tunable attributes of two-dimensional materials position them as a quintessential platform for the realization of second-order topological insulators(SOTIs).This article provides an overview of the research progress in SOTIs within the field of two-dimensional electronic materials,focusing on the characterization of higher-order topological properties and the numerous candidate materials proposed in theoretical studies.These endeavors not only enhance our understanding of higher-order topological states but also highlight potential material systems that could be experimentally realized.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[52125307(to P.G.),12404192(to R.C.S),12274061(to L.Q.)]Key Research and Development Program from the Ministry of Science and Technology(2023YFA1406301)the support from the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘The infinite-layer nickelates,proposed as analogs to superconducting cuprates,provide a promising platform for exploring the mechanisms of unconventional superconductivity.However,the superconductivity has been exclusively observed in thin films under atmospheric pressure,underscoring the critical role of the heterointerface.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52373182 and 22175074)Jilin Scientific and Technological Development Program(No.20220101054JC)Department of Education of Jilin Province(No.JJKH20221046KJ)。
文摘Diradicaloid polycyclic hydrocarbons(PHs)own unique open-shell electronic structures and exhibit potential utility in the fields of organic electronics and spintronics.Herein,we disclose precise fusion of B/O-heterocycles onto PHs for control over their electronic structures and diradical properties.We designed and synthesized four B/O-containing diradicaloid isomers that feature the fluoreno[3,2-b]fluorene and fluoreno[2,1-a]fluoreneπ-skeletons,respectively.The precise B/O-heterocycle fusion modes along with the changed conjugation patterns lead to their modulated electronic structures and properties,such as diradical and aromatic structures,energy levels and band gaps,as well as magnetic,electrochemical and photophysical properties.Notably,the mode A may decrease the open-shell extent,whereas the mode B can enhance the diradical nature,leading to their well-tuned diradical characters in the range of0.46-0.70.Moreover,the mode A stabilizes the LUMOs and the mode B obviously increases the HOMO levels,which are remarkably contributed by the B and O atoms,respectively,further giving rise to the decreased band gaps and redshifted absorptions.This study clearly illustrates the electronic effects of B/O-heterocycle fusion on PHs and gains insight into B/O-type organic diradicaloids.These findings will provide an important guideline for the design of more fascinating heteroatom-containing diradicaloids.
基金supported by the Youth Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52105594)the Youth Project of the Applied Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20210302124274)+4 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202102030201005)the Natural Youth Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant Nos.202103021223005 and 202203021212015)the Fund for Shanxi 1331 Project,the Science and Technology Innovation Plan for Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province(Grant No.2022L575)the Science and Technology Innovation Project in Higher Schools in Shanxi(Grant No.J2020383)Teaching Reform and Innovation Project of the Education Department of Shanxi Province(Grant No.J20221195).
文摘Flexible pressure sensors show great promise for applications in such fields as electronic skin,healthcare,and intelligent robotics.Traditional capacitive pressure sensors,however,face the problem of low sensitivity,which limits their wider application.In this paper,a flexible capacitive pressure sensor with microstructured ionization layer is fabricated by a sandwich-type process,with a low-cost and simple process of inverted molding with sandpapers being used to form a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ionic film with double-sided microstructure as the dielectric layer of the sensor,with silver nanowires as electrodes.The operating mechanism of this iontronic pressure sensor is analyzed using a graphical method,and the sensor is tested on a pressure platform.The test results show that the sensor has ultrahigh pressure sensitivities of 3.744 and 1.689 kPa^(−1) at low(0-20 kPa)and high(20-800 kPa)pressures,respectively,as well as a rapid response time(100 ms),and it exhibits good stability and repeatability.The sensor can be used for sensitive monitoring of activities such as finger bending,and for facial expression(smile,frown)recognition,as well as speech recognition.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21573059,12274118 and 22208088)Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists(No.GZS2023007)Special Project for Fundamental Research in University of Henan Province(No.22ZX013)。
文摘Sluggish sulfur conversion kinetics pose an ongoing challenge in lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs).Here,we present a solution through far-reaching long-range electronic regulation(LRER)on single-atom active sites.N-doped carbons(Co-NC)are implanted with densely-distributed Co single atoms,and supported on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x)MXene substrates to assemble 3D Co-NC/MXene catalyst.MXene effectively mediates interlayer charge transfer(~0.70|e|)contrasted with popular carbon materials(~0.06|e|)to produce LRER through surrounding carbon atoms.The synergy of LRER with near-range electronic regulation(NRER)tunes electronic structures,and enhances heterostructural stability,thus provoking desirous catalytic kinetics of Co single atoms in sulfur reduction.Thereby,the Co-NC/MXene/S cathodes exhibit impressive rate performance and excellent cycling stability(only 0.015%capacity decay per cycle over 600 cycles at 4 C)in LSBs,surpassing state-of-the-art sulfur cathodes.This work reveals the importance of LRER for improved catalysis,and provides new guidance to tailor heterostructures to achieve high-efficient catalysts in various process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22269010)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.20224BAB214021)the Opening Project of National Engineering Research Center for Domestic&Building Ceramics(No.GXZX2302).
文摘The existence of multiple vacancies leads to significant changes in the local atomic structure,which can regulate the electronic structure of the surface and form unsaturated coordination geometries.However,the current methods employed to generate multiple vacancies in two-dimensional(2D)layered double hydroxide(LDH)materials are still difficult to achieve to some extent and are primarily limited to monolayer LDH structures.Here,we present an improved method to synthesize NiMoP/Ni_(2)P catalysts with a sponge-like porous structure.Firstly,NiO with dual defects was constructed by subjecting NiMo-LDH/Ni to air calcination.Subsequently,we performed phosphorization treatment and introduced multiple Ni vacancies and O vacancies as defect sites to tune the edge and substrate surfaces of LDH.At the same time,the electronic structure was tuned by adding P heteroatoms.The synergistic effect of porous structure,heterogeneous interfaces,vacancies,doping defects,and amorphous states can greatly enhance the electron transfer effect inside the catalysts,which significantly improves the catalytic ability of the oxygen evolution reaction(OER).Therefore,the overpotential for the oxygen evolution reaction of NiMoP/Ni_(2)P heterointerfaces reaches 270 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2)under alkaline conditions,with the catalysts capable of sustaining high current densities even after the durability testing for 35 h.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62303090,U2330206in part by the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China under Grant 2023M740516+1 种基金in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province under Grant 2024NSFSC1480in part by the New Cornerstone Science Foundation through the XPLORER PRIZE.
文摘Reliable electricity infrastructure is critical for modern society,highlighting the importance of securing the stability of fundamental power electronic systems.However,as such systems frequently involve high-current and high-voltage conditions,there is a greater likelihood of failures.Consequently,anomaly detection of power electronic systems holds great significance,which is a task that properly-designed neural networks can well undertake,as proven in various scenarios.Transformer-like networks are promising for such application,yet with its structure initially designed for different tasks,features extracted by beginning layers are often lost,decreasing detection performance.Also,such data-driven methods typically require sufficient anomalous data for training,which could be difficult to obtain in practice.Therefore,to improve feature utilization while achieving efficient unsupervised learning,a novel model,Densely-connected Decoder Transformer(DDformer),is proposed for unsupervised anomaly detection of power electronic systems in this paper.First,efficient labelfree training is achieved based on the concept of autoencoder with recursive-free output.An encoder-decoder structure with densely-connected decoder is then adopted,merging features from all encoder layers to avoid possible loss of mined features while reducing training difficulty.Both simulation and real-world experiments are conducted to validate the capabilities of DDformer,and the average FDR has surpassed baseline models,reaching 89.39%,93.91%,95.98%in different experiment setups respectively.
