Flexible pressure sensors show great promise for applications in such fields as electronic skin,healthcare,and intelligent robotics.Traditional capacitive pressure sensors,however,face the problem of low sensitivity,w...Flexible pressure sensors show great promise for applications in such fields as electronic skin,healthcare,and intelligent robotics.Traditional capacitive pressure sensors,however,face the problem of low sensitivity,which limits their wider application.In this paper,a flexible capacitive pressure sensor with microstructured ionization layer is fabricated by a sandwich-type process,with a low-cost and simple process of inverted molding with sandpapers being used to form a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ionic film with double-sided microstructure as the dielectric layer of the sensor,with silver nanowires as electrodes.The operating mechanism of this iontronic pressure sensor is analyzed using a graphical method,and the sensor is tested on a pressure platform.The test results show that the sensor has ultrahigh pressure sensitivities of 3.744 and 1.689 kPa^(−1) at low(0-20 kPa)and high(20-800 kPa)pressures,respectively,as well as a rapid response time(100 ms),and it exhibits good stability and repeatability.The sensor can be used for sensitive monitoring of activities such as finger bending,and for facial expression(smile,frown)recognition,as well as speech recognition.展开更多
Nano-lamellar Ti_(3)Al/TiAl(α2/γ)alloy with significantly improved nanohardness was prepared using dual-wire-fed electron beam-directed energy deposition(EB-DED)in this study.This investigation focused on the evolut...Nano-lamellar Ti_(3)Al/TiAl(α2/γ)alloy with significantly improved nanohardness was prepared using dual-wire-fed electron beam-directed energy deposition(EB-DED)in this study.This investigation focused on the evolution of the colony shape and lamellar thickness of the Ti-43Al lamellar alloy at different heights.Nanoindentation tests were employed to evaluate deformation resistance,and numerical simulations provided deeper insights into the deposition process.The results indicate that the colonies are mostly columnar,except for a few equiaxed colonies at the top.Rapid cooling significantly refines theα2 lamellae,resulting in an average spacing of 218 nm and thickness of 41 nm.Additionally,substantial microstrain and a nonequilibrium Al distribution lead to a significant generation ofγvariants,refining theγlamellae to 57 nm.Abundantγ/γ’andα2/γinterfaces,along with fineα2 phases,contribute to improved deformation resistance.Consequently,the nano-lamellar TiAl alloy exhibited a notable 32%increase in nanohardness(8.3 GPa)while maintaining a similar modulus(197 GPa)to conventionally prepared alloys.This study holds significant promise for advancing high-performance TiAl alloys through the dual-wire-fed EB-DED process.展开更多
For a long time,the large loss of the strength and toughness of fusion welded joints for thick nearβtitanium alloys has largely hindered their engineering application,which results from the few precipitations of the ...For a long time,the large loss of the strength and toughness of fusion welded joints for thick nearβtitanium alloys has largely hindered their engineering application,which results from the few precipitations of the strengtheningαphase during welding cooling.In this study,double annealing treatment was designed for electron beam welded joints of 30-mm-thick nearβTi-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy,with the aim of regulating the proportion of multi-level lamellar microstructures and enhancing the joint properties.Among various annealing temperatures(first annealing at 750–880 ℃+second annealing at 580 ℃),the 750 ℃+580 ℃ annealed joint exhibited simultaneously enhanced strength and toughness,with the increase in tensile strength and impact energy from 844 MPa and 8.8 J for the as-welded joint to 1129 MPa and 14.5 J for annealed joint,respectively,which were superior to those of the joints of Ti5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy as reported.The great increases in the strength and toughness were mainly attributed to the excellent proportion matching of formed multi-level lamellar microstructures(76.1%of primaryα(αp)lamellae and 7.9%of secondaryα(αs)lamellae),among which theαp phase andαs phase mainly affected the joint toughness and strength,respectively.The good coupling ofαp phase andαs phase improved the precipitation strengthening and the resistance to crack propagation.The modified strengthening mechanism models were proposed by introducing the thickness and proportion parameters of the precipitated phase.It was indicated that the theoretical calculation values were in good agreement with the experimental ones,and the solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening provided a large contribution(a sum of about 75%)to the yield strength of the annealed joints.This study provides a novel method via designing proper multi-level lamellar microstructures to simultaneously improve the strength and toughness of nearβtitanium alloy joints.展开更多
Electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)offers a promising route for producing Ti_(6)Al_(4)V alloys with tailored microstructures and superior mechanical properties.Herein,EB-PBF produced nearly fully dense Ti 6Al 4V a...Electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)offers a promising route for producing Ti_(6)Al_(4)V alloys with tailored microstructures and superior mechanical properties.Herein,EB-PBF produced nearly fully dense Ti 6Al 4V alloys(≥98.5%)with basketweave microstructures containing fine equilibriumαlamellae,different from typicalα′acicular observed in materials produced via laser-PBF.The as-printed horizontal material has a yield strength(YS)of 992 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 1053 MPa,and a fracture strain(ε)of 10.9%.Meanwhile,the as-printed longitudinal material shows inferior mechanical properties(YS of 934 MPa,UTS of 979 MPa,andεof 2.4%).The horizontal and longitudinal samples show notable hysteresis loops in the loading unloading reloading curves,indicating substantial heterogeneous-induced strengthening.Flow stress,back stress,and effective stress increase with increasing strain,where back stress is comparable to effective stress during the overall deformation.Furthermore,a monotonically decreased strain hardening rate with increasing strain can be attributed to dislocation activities,whose failure is related to the strain localization at theαlamellae boundary.展开更多
Fe-Mo functionally graded materials(FGMs)with different composition-change rates from 100%304 stainless steel to 100%Mo along the composition gradient direction were prepared by electron beam-directed energy depositio...Fe-Mo functionally graded materials(FGMs)with different composition-change rates from 100%304 stainless steel to 100%Mo along the composition gradient direction were prepared by electron beam-directed energy deposition(EB-DED)technique,including three samples with composition mutation of 100%,composition change rate of 10%and 30%.Results show that the composition-change rate significantly affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples.In the sample with abrupt change of composition,the sharp shift in composition between 304 stainless steel and Mo leads to a great difference in the microstructure and hardness near the interface between the two materials.With the increase in the number of gradient layers,the composition changes continuously along the direction of deposition height,and the microstructure morphology shows a smooth transition from 304 stainless steel to Mo,which is gradually transformed from columnar crystal to dendritic crystal.Elements Fe,Mo,and other major elements transform linearly along the gradient direction,with sufficient interlayer diffusion between the deposited layers,leading to good metallurgical bonding.The smaller the change in composition gradient,the greater the microhardness value along the deposition direction.When the composition gradient is 10%,the gradient layer exhibits higher hardness(940 HV)and excellent resistance to surface abrasion,and the overall compressive properties of the samples are better,with the compressive fracture stress in the top region reaching 750.05±14 MPa.展开更多
TiAl alloys fabricated by electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)usually exhibit special microstructures with alternating fine-grained(FG)regions and coarse-grained(CG)bands.In previous studies,the CG microstructures ...TiAl alloys fabricated by electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)usually exhibit special microstructures with alternating fine-grained(FG)regions and coarse-grained(CG)bands.In previous studies,the CG microstructures were equiaxed γ phases,and the FG microstructures presented three types:near gamma,duplex,and nearly lamellar.However,the rule for controlling FG microstructures has not been found.Hence,a method needs to be built to find the rule for controlling FG microstructures.Here,we established a normalized process diagram by combining Al-equivalent and dimensionless process parameters.Based on the normalized process diagram,we successfully control the FG microstructures and customize three FG microstructures of the Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy.Meanwhile,the average tensile yield strength reaches 756 MPa when the FG microstructure is near gamma.The yield strength is higher than the previous data for the Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy.This is attributed to the strong interface-strengthening effect between FG near γ microstructures and CG γ bands.These findings can help shorten the research time of the other TiAl alloys fabricated by EB-PBF,improving the mechanical properties of the other EBPBF-built TiAl alloys in the future.展开更多
It is rather difficult for titanium alloy ultra-thick plates to achieve superior weld formation and excellent mechanical properties along the weld penetration direction due to the large fluctuations of the molten pool...It is rather difficult for titanium alloy ultra-thick plates to achieve superior weld formation and excellent mechanical properties along the weld penetration direction due to the large fluctuations of the molten pool,largely limiting their engineering application.In this study,106-mm-thick Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy plates were successfully butt welded via electron beam welding(EBW).The defect-free EBW joint with full penetration was obtained.The precipitated secondary α(α_(s))in heat affected zone(HAZ),αlamellae in fusion line(FL)and α′martensite in fusion zone(FZ)increased the α_(s)/β,α/β and α′/β interfaces,respectively,resulting in the higher microhardness and impact energy values(57 J in the HAZ,62 J in the FL and 51.9 J in the FZ)than those in the base material(BM).The impact energy of the joint in this study was higher than that for Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy joints as reported,which was mainly attributed to the formation of the relatively thickerαphase and finer interlamellar spacing in this study,enhancing the resistance to crack propagation.Furthermore,the average fracture toughness(90.2 MPa m^(1/2))of the FZ was higher than that of the BM(74.2 MPa m^(1/2)).This study provides references for the welding application of titanium alloy ultra-thick plates in the manufacture of large-sized components.展开更多
Nearly undamaged joints of electron beam welded(EBW)dual-phase Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y alloy were achieved with joint coefficients exceeding 95%.All specimens were fractured at the base metal(BM),implying a significant de...Nearly undamaged joints of electron beam welded(EBW)dual-phase Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y alloy were achieved with joint coefficients exceeding 95%.All specimens were fractured at the base metal(BM),implying a significant departure from conventional fracture modes of welded joints.The fusion zone(FZ)consists of ultrafine acicular α-Mg and equiaxed β-Li,with grain sizes reduced by approximately 90% and 80%,respectively,compared to the base metal.This results in a significant increase in microhardness of about 40%.A unique multiphase mixture was observed in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),which mainly consists of lamellar eutectoid structures,fine precipitates zone,and numerous fine Mg_(3)(Al,Zn)particles.This mixture was transformed from typical Li(Al,Zn)(a common softening phase)undergoing atomic diffusion and solid-state phase transformation during welding.It introduces a synergistic strengthening effect,making the heat-affected zone no longer the weakest part of the joint.This study provides valuable insights into the electron beam welding technology for Mg-Li alloys and offers theoretical support for manufacturing high-quality joints.展开更多
Cu_(2)ZnSnSSe_(4)(CZTSSe)thin film solar cells,with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content,hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics.Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transp...Cu_(2)ZnSnSSe_(4)(CZTSSe)thin film solar cells,with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content,hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics.Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transport.During the post-selenization process,understanding crystal growth mechanisms,and improving layer quality are essential.We explored the effects of ramp rate and annealing temperature on CZTSSe films,using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope(SEM),and ultraviolet-visual spectrophotometry(UV-Vis).The optimal performance occurred at 25.25°C/min ramp rate and 530°C annealing.This led to smoother surfaces,higher density,and larger grains.This condition produced a single-layer structure with large grains,no secondary phases,and a 1.14 eV bandgap,making it promising for photovoltaic applications.The study has highlighted the effect of selenization conditions on the characteristics of the CZTSSe absorber layer and has provided valuable information for developing CZTSSe thin film solar cells.展开更多
High-density interconnect(HDI)soft electronics that can integrate multiple individual functions into one miniaturized monolithic system is promising for applications related to smart healthcare,soft robotics,and human...High-density interconnect(HDI)soft electronics that can integrate multiple individual functions into one miniaturized monolithic system is promising for applications related to smart healthcare,soft robotics,and human-machine interactions.However,despite the recent advances,the development of three-dimensional(3D)soft electronics with both high resolution and high integration is still challenging because of the lack of efficient manufacturing methods to guarantee interlayer alignment of the high-density vias and reliable interlayer electrical conductivity.Here,an advanced 3D laser printing pathway,based on femtosecond laser direct writing(FLDW),is demonstrated for preparing liquid metal(LM)-based any layer HDI soft electronics.FLDW technology,with the characteristics of high spatial resolution and high precision,allows the maskless fabrication of high-resolution embedded LM microchannels and high-density vertical interconnect accesses for 3D integrated circuits.High-aspect-ratio blind/through LM microstructures are formed inside the elastomer due to the supermetalphobicity induced during laser ablation.The LM-based HDI circuit featuring high resolution(~1.5μm)and high integration(10-layer electrical interconnection)is achieved for customized soft electronics,including various customized multilayer passive electric components,soft multilayer circuit,and cross-scale multimode sensors.The 3D laser printing method provides a versatile approach for developing chip-level soft electronics.展开更多
The effects of accumulative hot rolling followed by solution treatment on the microstructural evolution and fracture behavior of 30CrMo/316L multilayered composites have been investigated.A scanning electron microscop...The effects of accumulative hot rolling followed by solution treatment on the microstructural evolution and fracture behavior of 30CrMo/316L multilayered composites have been investigated.A scanning electron microscope equipped with an electron backscatter diffraction probe,a laser confocal microscope,an electron probe microanalysis,and a universal testing machine were employed to characterize the microstructures and mechanical properties.The results indicate that solution treatment transformed the microstructure of the 30CrMo layer from ferrite to martensite,while the 316L layer remained austenitic but transitioned from the rolled to the recrystallized state.Additionally,solution treatment significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the composite,leading to an increase in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength to 744 and 1106 MPa,respectively—258 and 276 MPa higher than those of the hot-rolled plate.The enhancement in strength is primarily attributed to the formation of high-strength martensite in the 30CrMo layer.During deformation,the composite interface effectively impeded crack propagation and induced step-like deflection.However,the formation of cross-layer grains facilitated crack nucleation at grain boundaries,leading to rapid crack propagation and instantaneous fracture.Therefore,preventing the formation of cross-layer grains during the heat treatment process is crucial,as their presence weakens the interfacial strengthening effect of the composite plate.This study provides valuable insights for the design and development of multi-layered steels.展开更多
In current research,Li_(2)O-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)glass-ceramics were prepared by conventional meltquenching and subsequent heat treatment method.The effect of Al_(2)O_(3)content on microstructures,thermal properties,cry...In current research,Li_(2)O-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)glass-ceramics were prepared by conventional meltquenching and subsequent heat treatment method.The effect of Al_(2)O_(3)content on microstructures,thermal properties,crystallization behaviours and mechanical properties were investigated.FTIR,Raman spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy microstructure analysis showed that the silico-oxygen network was damaged,while the increase of[AlO_(4)]content repaired the glass network,and finally made the glass network have better connectivity,with the decrease of SiO_(2).The thermal analysis confirmed the increasing glass transition and crystallization temperatures from growing Al_(2)O_(3)content.In addition,different crystal phases can be precipitated in the glass matrix,such as LiAlSi_(4)O_(10),Li_(2)Si_(2)O_(5) in glass with low Al_(2)O_(3)content,the combination of Li_xAl_xSi_(1-x)O_(2),LiAlSi_(3)O_(8),Li_(2)SiO_(3)in glass with intermediate Al_(2)O_(3)content,and the combination of LiAlSi_(2)O_(6),SiO_(2)in glass with high Al_(2)O_(3)content.The hardness of as-prepared glass gradually increases with the increase of the Al_(2)O_(3)content.The Vickers hardness of the glass-ceramics is highly dependent on the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the glass and the heat treatment temperatures,reaching a maximum of 10.11 GPa.Scanning electron microscope images show that the crystals change from spherical to massive and finally to sheet.The change of glass structure,crystal phase and morphology is the main reason for the different mechanical properties.展开更多
The rapid advancements in computer vision(CV)technology have transformed the traditional approaches to material microstructure analysis.This review outlines the history of CV and explores the applications of deep-lear...The rapid advancements in computer vision(CV)technology have transformed the traditional approaches to material microstructure analysis.This review outlines the history of CV and explores the applications of deep-learning(DL)-driven CV in four key areas of materials science:microstructure-based performance prediction,microstructure information generation,microstructure defect detection,and crystal structure-based property prediction.The CV has significantly reduced the cost of traditional experimental methods used in material performance prediction.Moreover,recent progress made in generating microstructure images and detecting microstructural defects using CV has led to increased efficiency and reliability in material performance assessments.The DL-driven CV models can accelerate the design of new materials with optimized performance by integrating predictions based on both crystal and microstructural data,thereby allowing for the discovery and innovation of next-generation materials.Finally,the review provides insights into the rapid interdisciplinary developments in the field of materials science and future prospects.展开更多
A rapidly growing field is piezoresistive sensor for accurate respiration rate monitoring to suppress the worldwide respiratory illness.However,a large neglected issue is the sensing durability and accuracy without in...A rapidly growing field is piezoresistive sensor for accurate respiration rate monitoring to suppress the worldwide respiratory illness.However,a large neglected issue is the sensing durability and accuracy without interference since the expiratory pressure always coupled with external humidity and temperature variations,as well as mechanical motion artifacts.Herein,a robust and biodegradable piezoresistive sensor is reported that consists of heterogeneous MXene/cellulose-gelation sensing layer and Ag-based interdigital electrode,featuring customizable cylindrical interface arrangement and compact hierarchical laminated architecture for collectively regulating the piezoresistive response and mechanical robustness,thereby realizing the long-term breath-induced pressure detection.Notably,molecular dynamics simulations reveal the frequent angle inversion and reorientation of MXene/cellulose in vacuum filtration,driven by shear forces and interfacial interactions,which facilitate the establishment of hydrogen bonds and optimize the architecture design in sensing layer.The resultant sensor delivers unprecedented collection features of superior stability for off-axis deformation(0-120°,~2.8×10^(-3) A)and sensing accuracy without crosstalk(humidity 50%-100%and temperature 30-80).Besides,the sensor-embedded mask together with machine learning models is achieved to train and classify the respiration status for volunteers with different ages(average prediction accuracy~90%).It is envisioned that the customizable architecture design and sensor paradigm will shed light on the advanced stability of sustainable electronics and pave the way for the commercial application in respiratory monitory.展开更多
Crushing waste coral concrete into recycled aggregates to create recycled coral aggregate concrete(RCAC)contributes to sustainable construction development on offshore islands and reefs.To investigate the impact of re...Crushing waste coral concrete into recycled aggregates to create recycled coral aggregate concrete(RCAC)contributes to sustainable construction development on offshore islands and reefs.To investigate the impact of recycled coral aggregate on concrete properties,this study performed a comprehensive analysis of the physical properties of recycled coral aggregate and the basic mechanical properties and microstructure of RCAC.The test results indicate that,compared to coral debris,the crushing index of recycled coral aggregate was reduced by 9.4%,while porosity decreased by 33.5%.Furthermore,RCAC retained the early strength characteristics of coral concrete,with compressive strength and flexural strength exhibiting a notable increase as the water-cement ratio decreased.Under identical conditions,the compressive strength and flexural strength of RCAC were 12.7% and 2.5% higher than coral concrete's,respectively,with porosity correspondingly reduced from 3.13% to 5.11%.This enhancement could be attributed to the new mortar filling the recycled coral aggregate.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis revealed three distinct interface transition zones within RCAC,with the‘new mortar-old mortar’interface identified as the weakest.The above findings provided a reference for the sustainable use of coral concrete in constructing offshore islands.展开更多
Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have g...Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.展开更多
Wide-temperature applications of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are severely limited by the sluggish ion insertion/diffusion kinetics of conversion-type anodes.Quantum-sized transition metal dichalcogenides possess unique ...Wide-temperature applications of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are severely limited by the sluggish ion insertion/diffusion kinetics of conversion-type anodes.Quantum-sized transition metal dichalcogenides possess unique advantages of charge delocalization and enrich uncoordinated electrons and short-range transfer kinetics,which are crucial to achieve rapid low-temperature charge transfer and high-temperature interface stability.Herein,a quantum-scale FeS_(2) loaded on three-dimensional Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene skeletons(FeS_(2) QD/MXene)fabricated as SIBs anode,demonstrating impressive performance under wide-temperature conditions(−35 to 65).The theoretical calculations combined with experimental characterization interprets that the unsaturated coordination edges of FeS_(2) QD can induce delocalized electronic regions,which reduces electrostatic potential and significantly facilitates efficient Na+diffusion across a broad temperature range.Moreover,the Ti_(3)C_(2) skeleton reinforces structural integrity via Fe-O-Ti bonding,while enabling excellent dispersion of FeS_(2) QD.As expected,FeS_(2) QD/MXene anode harvests capacities of 255.2 and 424.9 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 A g^(−1) under−35 and 65,and the energy density of FeS_(2) QD/MXene//NVP full cell can reach to 162.4 Wh kg^(−1) at−35,highlighting its practical potential for wide-temperatures conditions.This work extends the uncoordinated regions induced by quantum-size effects for exceptional Na^(+)ion storage and diffusion performance at wide-temperatures environment.展开更多
Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation.From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosupp...Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation.From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosuppressive therapy,AI has the potential to improve both operational efficiency and patient outcomes.Despite these advancements,the perspectives of transplant professionals-those at the forefront of critical decision-making-remain insufficiently explored.To address this gap,this study utilizes a multi-round electronic Delphi approach to gather and analyses insights from global experts involved in organ transplantation.Participants are invited to complete structured surveys capturing demographic data,professional roles,institutional practices,and prior exposure to AI technologies.The survey also explores perceptions of AI’s potential benefits.Quantitative responses are analyzed using descriptive statistics,while open-ended qualitative responses undergo thematic analysis.Preliminary findings indicate a generally positive outlook on AI’s role in enhancing transplantation processes,particularly in areas such as donor matching and post-operative care.These mixed views reflect both optimism and caution among professionals tasked with integrating new technologies into high-stakes clinical workflows.By capturing a wide range of expert opinions,the findings will inform future policy development,regulatory considerations,and institutional readiness frameworks for the integration of AI into organ transplantation.展开更多
基金supported by the Youth Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52105594)the Youth Project of the Applied Basic Research Program of Shanxi Province(Grant No.20210302124274)+4 种基金the Key Research and Development Program of Shanxi Province(Grant No.202102030201005)the Natural Youth Science Foundation of Shanxi Province(Grant Nos.202103021223005 and 202203021212015)the Fund for Shanxi 1331 Project,the Science and Technology Innovation Plan for Colleges and Universities in Shanxi Province(Grant No.2022L575)the Science and Technology Innovation Project in Higher Schools in Shanxi(Grant No.J2020383)Teaching Reform and Innovation Project of the Education Department of Shanxi Province(Grant No.J20221195).
文摘Flexible pressure sensors show great promise for applications in such fields as electronic skin,healthcare,and intelligent robotics.Traditional capacitive pressure sensors,however,face the problem of low sensitivity,which limits their wider application.In this paper,a flexible capacitive pressure sensor with microstructured ionization layer is fabricated by a sandwich-type process,with a low-cost and simple process of inverted molding with sandpapers being used to form a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer ionic film with double-sided microstructure as the dielectric layer of the sensor,with silver nanowires as electrodes.The operating mechanism of this iontronic pressure sensor is analyzed using a graphical method,and the sensor is tested on a pressure platform.The test results show that the sensor has ultrahigh pressure sensitivities of 3.744 and 1.689 kPa^(−1) at low(0-20 kPa)and high(20-800 kPa)pressures,respectively,as well as a rapid response time(100 ms),and it exhibits good stability and repeatability.The sensor can be used for sensitive monitoring of activities such as finger bending,and for facial expression(smile,frown)recognition,as well as speech recognition.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFF0609000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51871075,52171034 and 52101037).
文摘Nano-lamellar Ti_(3)Al/TiAl(α2/γ)alloy with significantly improved nanohardness was prepared using dual-wire-fed electron beam-directed energy deposition(EB-DED)in this study.This investigation focused on the evolution of the colony shape and lamellar thickness of the Ti-43Al lamellar alloy at different heights.Nanoindentation tests were employed to evaluate deformation resistance,and numerical simulations provided deeper insights into the deposition process.The results indicate that the colonies are mostly columnar,except for a few equiaxed colonies at the top.Rapid cooling significantly refines theα2 lamellae,resulting in an average spacing of 218 nm and thickness of 41 nm.Additionally,substantial microstrain and a nonequilibrium Al distribution lead to a significant generation ofγvariants,refining theγlamellae to 57 nm.Abundantγ/γ’andα2/γinterfaces,along with fineα2 phases,contribute to improved deformation resistance.Consequently,the nano-lamellar TiAl alloy exhibited a notable 32%increase in nanohardness(8.3 GPa)while maintaining a similar modulus(197 GPa)to conventionally prepared alloys.This study holds significant promise for advancing high-performance TiAl alloys through the dual-wire-fed EB-DED process.
基金supported by the National Key Re-search and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2810700)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021193)+2 种基金Liaoning Province Excellent Youth Foundation(No.2024JH3/10200021)the Liaoning Revital-ization Talents Program(No.XLYC2403094)the Scientific In-strument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.PTYQ2024YZ0009).
文摘For a long time,the large loss of the strength and toughness of fusion welded joints for thick nearβtitanium alloys has largely hindered their engineering application,which results from the few precipitations of the strengtheningαphase during welding cooling.In this study,double annealing treatment was designed for electron beam welded joints of 30-mm-thick nearβTi-5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy,with the aim of regulating the proportion of multi-level lamellar microstructures and enhancing the joint properties.Among various annealing temperatures(first annealing at 750–880 ℃+second annealing at 580 ℃),the 750 ℃+580 ℃ annealed joint exhibited simultaneously enhanced strength and toughness,with the increase in tensile strength and impact energy from 844 MPa and 8.8 J for the as-welded joint to 1129 MPa and 14.5 J for annealed joint,respectively,which were superior to those of the joints of Ti5Al-5Mo-5V-1Cr-1Fe alloy as reported.The great increases in the strength and toughness were mainly attributed to the excellent proportion matching of formed multi-level lamellar microstructures(76.1%of primaryα(αp)lamellae and 7.9%of secondaryα(αs)lamellae),among which theαp phase andαs phase mainly affected the joint toughness and strength,respectively.The good coupling ofαp phase andαs phase improved the precipitation strengthening and the resistance to crack propagation.The modified strengthening mechanism models were proposed by introducing the thickness and proportion parameters of the precipitated phase.It was indicated that the theoretical calculation values were in good agreement with the experimental ones,and the solution strengthening and precipitation strengthening provided a large contribution(a sum of about 75%)to the yield strength of the annealed joints.This study provides a novel method via designing proper multi-level lamellar microstructures to simultaneously improve the strength and toughness of nearβtitanium alloy joints.
基金support from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFB3705600)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(No.22SQBS00600).
文摘Electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)offers a promising route for producing Ti_(6)Al_(4)V alloys with tailored microstructures and superior mechanical properties.Herein,EB-PBF produced nearly fully dense Ti 6Al 4V alloys(≥98.5%)with basketweave microstructures containing fine equilibriumαlamellae,different from typicalα′acicular observed in materials produced via laser-PBF.The as-printed horizontal material has a yield strength(YS)of 992 MPa,an ultimate tensile strength(UTS)of 1053 MPa,and a fracture strain(ε)of 10.9%.Meanwhile,the as-printed longitudinal material shows inferior mechanical properties(YS of 934 MPa,UTS of 979 MPa,andεof 2.4%).The horizontal and longitudinal samples show notable hysteresis loops in the loading unloading reloading curves,indicating substantial heterogeneous-induced strengthening.Flow stress,back stress,and effective stress increase with increasing strain,where back stress is comparable to effective stress during the overall deformation.Furthermore,a monotonically decreased strain hardening rate with increasing strain can be attributed to dislocation activities,whose failure is related to the strain localization at theαlamellae boundary.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(51975286)。
文摘Fe-Mo functionally graded materials(FGMs)with different composition-change rates from 100%304 stainless steel to 100%Mo along the composition gradient direction were prepared by electron beam-directed energy deposition(EB-DED)technique,including three samples with composition mutation of 100%,composition change rate of 10%and 30%.Results show that the composition-change rate significantly affects the microstructure and mechanical properties of the samples.In the sample with abrupt change of composition,the sharp shift in composition between 304 stainless steel and Mo leads to a great difference in the microstructure and hardness near the interface between the two materials.With the increase in the number of gradient layers,the composition changes continuously along the direction of deposition height,and the microstructure morphology shows a smooth transition from 304 stainless steel to Mo,which is gradually transformed from columnar crystal to dendritic crystal.Elements Fe,Mo,and other major elements transform linearly along the gradient direction,with sufficient interlayer diffusion between the deposited layers,leading to good metallurgical bonding.The smaller the change in composition gradient,the greater the microhardness value along the deposition direction.When the composition gradient is 10%,the gradient layer exhibits higher hardness(940 HV)and excellent resistance to surface abrasion,and the overall compressive properties of the samples are better,with the compressive fracture stress in the top region reaching 750.05±14 MPa.
基金financially supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Nos.92163215,52305379,52322101,52174364,52101143,51771093,and 12202201)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.30922010202,and 30922010711)+4 种基金the Key Laboratory Funds for the Science and Technology of National Defense(No.6142212210103)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province Major Project(No.BK20212009)the Xi’an Qinchuangyuan Construction of Two-Chain Integration Major Special Projects(No.23LLRHZDZX0015)the Aviation Science Foundation of AVIC(No.2024M0530S8002)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi Province(No.2024JC-YBQN-0579).
文摘TiAl alloys fabricated by electron beam powder bed fusion(EB-PBF)usually exhibit special microstructures with alternating fine-grained(FG)regions and coarse-grained(CG)bands.In previous studies,the CG microstructures were equiaxed γ phases,and the FG microstructures presented three types:near gamma,duplex,and nearly lamellar.However,the rule for controlling FG microstructures has not been found.Hence,a method needs to be built to find the rule for controlling FG microstructures.Here,we established a normalized process diagram by combining Al-equivalent and dimensionless process parameters.Based on the normalized process diagram,we successfully control the FG microstructures and customize three FG microstructures of the Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy.Meanwhile,the average tensile yield strength reaches 756 MPa when the FG microstructure is near gamma.The yield strength is higher than the previous data for the Ti-48Al-2Cr-2Nb alloy.This is attributed to the strong interface-strengthening effect between FG near γ microstructures and CG γ bands.These findings can help shorten the research time of the other TiAl alloys fabricated by EB-PBF,improving the mechanical properties of the other EBPBF-built TiAl alloys in the future.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC2810700)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2021193)+2 种基金the Liaoning Province Excellent Youth Foundation(No.2024JH3/10200021)the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2403094)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.PTYQ2024YZ0009).
文摘It is rather difficult for titanium alloy ultra-thick plates to achieve superior weld formation and excellent mechanical properties along the weld penetration direction due to the large fluctuations of the molten pool,largely limiting their engineering application.In this study,106-mm-thick Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy plates were successfully butt welded via electron beam welding(EBW).The defect-free EBW joint with full penetration was obtained.The precipitated secondary α(α_(s))in heat affected zone(HAZ),αlamellae in fusion line(FL)and α′martensite in fusion zone(FZ)increased the α_(s)/β,α/β and α′/β interfaces,respectively,resulting in the higher microhardness and impact energy values(57 J in the HAZ,62 J in the FL and 51.9 J in the FZ)than those in the base material(BM).The impact energy of the joint in this study was higher than that for Ti-6Al-4V ELI alloy joints as reported,which was mainly attributed to the formation of the relatively thickerαphase and finer interlamellar spacing in this study,enhancing the resistance to crack propagation.Furthermore,the average fracture toughness(90.2 MPa m^(1/2))of the FZ was higher than that of the BM(74.2 MPa m^(1/2)).This study provides references for the welding application of titanium alloy ultra-thick plates in the manufacture of large-sized components.
基金financially supported by the National Defense Basic Research Program(No.JCKY2023204A005)Project of High Modulus Magnesium Alloy Forgings(JXXT-2023-014hbza)+1 种基金Research Program of Joint Research Center of Advanced Spaceflight Technologies(No.USCAST2023-3)Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of Luoyang(No.2201029A).
文摘Nearly undamaged joints of electron beam welded(EBW)dual-phase Mg-8Li-3Al-2Zn-0.5Y alloy were achieved with joint coefficients exceeding 95%.All specimens were fractured at the base metal(BM),implying a significant departure from conventional fracture modes of welded joints.The fusion zone(FZ)consists of ultrafine acicular α-Mg and equiaxed β-Li,with grain sizes reduced by approximately 90% and 80%,respectively,compared to the base metal.This results in a significant increase in microhardness of about 40%.A unique multiphase mixture was observed in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),which mainly consists of lamellar eutectoid structures,fine precipitates zone,and numerous fine Mg_(3)(Al,Zn)particles.This mixture was transformed from typical Li(Al,Zn)(a common softening phase)undergoing atomic diffusion and solid-state phase transformation during welding.It introduces a synergistic strengthening effect,making the heat-affected zone no longer the weakest part of the joint.This study provides valuable insights into the electron beam welding technology for Mg-Li alloys and offers theoretical support for manufacturing high-quality joints.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Development Program(No.70304901).
文摘Cu_(2)ZnSnSSe_(4)(CZTSSe)thin film solar cells,with adjustable bandgap and rich elemental content,hold promise in next-gen photovoltaics.Crystalline quality is pivotal for efficient light absorption and carrier transport.During the post-selenization process,understanding crystal growth mechanisms,and improving layer quality are essential.We explored the effects of ramp rate and annealing temperature on CZTSSe films,using X-ray diffraction(XRD),Raman spectroscopy,scanning electron microscope(SEM),and ultraviolet-visual spectrophotometry(UV-Vis).The optimal performance occurred at 25.25°C/min ramp rate and 530°C annealing.This led to smoother surfaces,higher density,and larger grains.This condition produced a single-layer structure with large grains,no secondary phases,and a 1.14 eV bandgap,making it promising for photovoltaic applications.The study has highlighted the effect of selenization conditions on the characteristics of the CZTSSe absorber layer and has provided valuable information for developing CZTSSe thin film solar cells.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China under the Grant Nos.12127806 and 62175195the International Joint Research Laboratory for Micro/Nano Manufacturing and Measurement Technologies。
文摘High-density interconnect(HDI)soft electronics that can integrate multiple individual functions into one miniaturized monolithic system is promising for applications related to smart healthcare,soft robotics,and human-machine interactions.However,despite the recent advances,the development of three-dimensional(3D)soft electronics with both high resolution and high integration is still challenging because of the lack of efficient manufacturing methods to guarantee interlayer alignment of the high-density vias and reliable interlayer electrical conductivity.Here,an advanced 3D laser printing pathway,based on femtosecond laser direct writing(FLDW),is demonstrated for preparing liquid metal(LM)-based any layer HDI soft electronics.FLDW technology,with the characteristics of high spatial resolution and high precision,allows the maskless fabrication of high-resolution embedded LM microchannels and high-density vertical interconnect accesses for 3D integrated circuits.High-aspect-ratio blind/through LM microstructures are formed inside the elastomer due to the supermetalphobicity induced during laser ablation.The LM-based HDI circuit featuring high resolution(~1.5μm)and high integration(10-layer electrical interconnection)is achieved for customized soft electronics,including various customized multilayer passive electric components,soft multilayer circuit,and cross-scale multimode sensors.The 3D laser printing method provides a versatile approach for developing chip-level soft electronics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFA0707304).
文摘The effects of accumulative hot rolling followed by solution treatment on the microstructural evolution and fracture behavior of 30CrMo/316L multilayered composites have been investigated.A scanning electron microscope equipped with an electron backscatter diffraction probe,a laser confocal microscope,an electron probe microanalysis,and a universal testing machine were employed to characterize the microstructures and mechanical properties.The results indicate that solution treatment transformed the microstructure of the 30CrMo layer from ferrite to martensite,while the 316L layer remained austenitic but transitioned from the rolled to the recrystallized state.Additionally,solution treatment significantly enhanced the mechanical properties of the composite,leading to an increase in yield strength and ultimate tensile strength to 744 and 1106 MPa,respectively—258 and 276 MPa higher than those of the hot-rolled plate.The enhancement in strength is primarily attributed to the formation of high-strength martensite in the 30CrMo layer.During deformation,the composite interface effectively impeded crack propagation and induced step-like deflection.However,the formation of cross-layer grains facilitated crack nucleation at grain boundaries,leading to rapid crack propagation and instantaneous fracture.Therefore,preventing the formation of cross-layer grains during the heat treatment process is crucial,as their presence weakens the interfacial strengthening effect of the composite plate.This study provides valuable insights for the design and development of multi-layered steels.
基金Funded by the National Key Research Program(No.2024-1129-954-112)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52372033)Guangxi Science and Technology Major Program(No.AA24263054)。
文摘In current research,Li_(2)O-Al_(2)O_(3)-SiO_(2)glass-ceramics were prepared by conventional meltquenching and subsequent heat treatment method.The effect of Al_(2)O_(3)content on microstructures,thermal properties,crystallization behaviours and mechanical properties were investigated.FTIR,Raman spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy microstructure analysis showed that the silico-oxygen network was damaged,while the increase of[AlO_(4)]content repaired the glass network,and finally made the glass network have better connectivity,with the decrease of SiO_(2).The thermal analysis confirmed the increasing glass transition and crystallization temperatures from growing Al_(2)O_(3)content.In addition,different crystal phases can be precipitated in the glass matrix,such as LiAlSi_(4)O_(10),Li_(2)Si_(2)O_(5) in glass with low Al_(2)O_(3)content,the combination of Li_xAl_xSi_(1-x)O_(2),LiAlSi_(3)O_(8),Li_(2)SiO_(3)in glass with intermediate Al_(2)O_(3)content,and the combination of LiAlSi_(2)O_(6),SiO_(2)in glass with high Al_(2)O_(3)content.The hardness of as-prepared glass gradually increases with the increase of the Al_(2)O_(3)content.The Vickers hardness of the glass-ceramics is highly dependent on the Al_(2)O_(3)content in the glass and the heat treatment temperatures,reaching a maximum of 10.11 GPa.Scanning electron microscope images show that the crystals change from spherical to massive and finally to sheet.The change of glass structure,crystal phase and morphology is the main reason for the different mechanical properties.
基金financially supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars,China(No.52025041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52450003,U2341267,and 52174294)+1 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents,China(No.BX20240437)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(Nos.FRF-IDRY-23-037 and FRF-TP-20-02C2)。
文摘The rapid advancements in computer vision(CV)technology have transformed the traditional approaches to material microstructure analysis.This review outlines the history of CV and explores the applications of deep-learning(DL)-driven CV in four key areas of materials science:microstructure-based performance prediction,microstructure information generation,microstructure defect detection,and crystal structure-based property prediction.The CV has significantly reduced the cost of traditional experimental methods used in material performance prediction.Moreover,recent progress made in generating microstructure images and detecting microstructural defects using CV has led to increased efficiency and reliability in material performance assessments.The DL-driven CV models can accelerate the design of new materials with optimized performance by integrating predictions based on both crystal and microstructural data,thereby allowing for the discovery and innovation of next-generation materials.Finally,the review provides insights into the rapid interdisciplinary developments in the field of materials science and future prospects.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22074072,22274083,52376199)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2023LZY005)+1 种基金the Exploration Project of the State Key Laboratory of BioFibers and EcoTextiles of Qingdao University(TSKT202101)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022BLRD13,2023BLRD01).
文摘A rapidly growing field is piezoresistive sensor for accurate respiration rate monitoring to suppress the worldwide respiratory illness.However,a large neglected issue is the sensing durability and accuracy without interference since the expiratory pressure always coupled with external humidity and temperature variations,as well as mechanical motion artifacts.Herein,a robust and biodegradable piezoresistive sensor is reported that consists of heterogeneous MXene/cellulose-gelation sensing layer and Ag-based interdigital electrode,featuring customizable cylindrical interface arrangement and compact hierarchical laminated architecture for collectively regulating the piezoresistive response and mechanical robustness,thereby realizing the long-term breath-induced pressure detection.Notably,molecular dynamics simulations reveal the frequent angle inversion and reorientation of MXene/cellulose in vacuum filtration,driven by shear forces and interfacial interactions,which facilitate the establishment of hydrogen bonds and optimize the architecture design in sensing layer.The resultant sensor delivers unprecedented collection features of superior stability for off-axis deformation(0-120°,~2.8×10^(-3) A)and sensing accuracy without crosstalk(humidity 50%-100%and temperature 30-80).Besides,the sensor-embedded mask together with machine learning models is achieved to train and classify the respiration status for volunteers with different ages(average prediction accuracy~90%).It is envisioned that the customizable architecture design and sensor paradigm will shed light on the advanced stability of sustainable electronics and pave the way for the commercial application in respiratory monitory.
基金Funded by Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(No.2025GXNSFBA069565)Guangxi Science and Technology Program(No.AD25069101)Guangxi Bagui Scholars Fund。
文摘Crushing waste coral concrete into recycled aggregates to create recycled coral aggregate concrete(RCAC)contributes to sustainable construction development on offshore islands and reefs.To investigate the impact of recycled coral aggregate on concrete properties,this study performed a comprehensive analysis of the physical properties of recycled coral aggregate and the basic mechanical properties and microstructure of RCAC.The test results indicate that,compared to coral debris,the crushing index of recycled coral aggregate was reduced by 9.4%,while porosity decreased by 33.5%.Furthermore,RCAC retained the early strength characteristics of coral concrete,with compressive strength and flexural strength exhibiting a notable increase as the water-cement ratio decreased.Under identical conditions,the compressive strength and flexural strength of RCAC were 12.7% and 2.5% higher than coral concrete's,respectively,with porosity correspondingly reduced from 3.13% to 5.11%.This enhancement could be attributed to the new mortar filling the recycled coral aggregate.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis revealed three distinct interface transition zones within RCAC,with the‘new mortar-old mortar’interface identified as the weakest.The above findings provided a reference for the sustainable use of coral concrete in constructing offshore islands.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52025055,52375576,52350349)Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi(Program No.2022GXLH-01-12)+2 种基金Joint Fund of Ministry of Education for Equipment Pre-research(No.8091B03012304)Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2022004607001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.xtr072024031).
文摘Continuous monitoring of biosignals is essential for advancing early disease detection,personalized treatment,and health management.Flexible electronics,capable of accurately monitoring biosignals in daily life,have garnered considerable attention due to their softness,conformability,and biocompatibility.However,several challenges remain,including imperfect skin-device interfaces,limited breathability,and insufficient mechanoelectrical stability.On-skin epidermal electronics,distinguished by their excellent conformability,breathability,and mechanoelectrical robustness,offer a promising solution for high-fidelity,long-term health monitoring.These devices can seamlessly integrate with the human body,leading to transformative advancements in future personalized healthcare.This review provides a systematic examination of recent advancements in on-skin epidermal electronics,with particular emphasis on critical aspects including material science,structural design,desired properties,and practical applications.We explore various materials,considering their properties and the corresponding structural designs developed to construct high-performance epidermal electronics.We then discuss different approaches for achieving the desired device properties necessary for long-term health monitoring,including adhesiveness,breathability,and mechanoelectrical stability.Additionally,we summarize the diverse applications of these devices in monitoring biophysical and physiological signals.Finally,we address the challenges facing these devices and outline future prospects,offering insights into the ongoing development of on-skin epidermal electronics for long-term health monitoring.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(Nos.52202335 and 52171227)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20221137)National Key R&D Program of China(2024YFE0108500).
文摘Wide-temperature applications of sodium-ion batteries(SIBs)are severely limited by the sluggish ion insertion/diffusion kinetics of conversion-type anodes.Quantum-sized transition metal dichalcogenides possess unique advantages of charge delocalization and enrich uncoordinated electrons and short-range transfer kinetics,which are crucial to achieve rapid low-temperature charge transfer and high-temperature interface stability.Herein,a quantum-scale FeS_(2) loaded on three-dimensional Ti_(3)C_(2) MXene skeletons(FeS_(2) QD/MXene)fabricated as SIBs anode,demonstrating impressive performance under wide-temperature conditions(−35 to 65).The theoretical calculations combined with experimental characterization interprets that the unsaturated coordination edges of FeS_(2) QD can induce delocalized electronic regions,which reduces electrostatic potential and significantly facilitates efficient Na+diffusion across a broad temperature range.Moreover,the Ti_(3)C_(2) skeleton reinforces structural integrity via Fe-O-Ti bonding,while enabling excellent dispersion of FeS_(2) QD.As expected,FeS_(2) QD/MXene anode harvests capacities of 255.2 and 424.9 mAh g^(−1) at 0.1 A g^(−1) under−35 and 65,and the energy density of FeS_(2) QD/MXene//NVP full cell can reach to 162.4 Wh kg^(−1) at−35,highlighting its practical potential for wide-temperatures conditions.This work extends the uncoordinated regions induced by quantum-size effects for exceptional Na^(+)ion storage and diffusion performance at wide-temperatures environment.
文摘Artificial intelligence(AI)is increasingly recognized as a transformative force in the field of solid organ transplantation.From enhancing donor-recipient matching to predicting clinical risks and tailoring immunosuppressive therapy,AI has the potential to improve both operational efficiency and patient outcomes.Despite these advancements,the perspectives of transplant professionals-those at the forefront of critical decision-making-remain insufficiently explored.To address this gap,this study utilizes a multi-round electronic Delphi approach to gather and analyses insights from global experts involved in organ transplantation.Participants are invited to complete structured surveys capturing demographic data,professional roles,institutional practices,and prior exposure to AI technologies.The survey also explores perceptions of AI’s potential benefits.Quantitative responses are analyzed using descriptive statistics,while open-ended qualitative responses undergo thematic analysis.Preliminary findings indicate a generally positive outlook on AI’s role in enhancing transplantation processes,particularly in areas such as donor matching and post-operative care.These mixed views reflect both optimism and caution among professionals tasked with integrating new technologies into high-stakes clinical workflows.By capturing a wide range of expert opinions,the findings will inform future policy development,regulatory considerations,and institutional readiness frameworks for the integration of AI into organ transplantation.
