The ocean,as one of Earth’s largest natural resources,covers over 70% of the planet’s surface and holds vast water energy potential.Building on this context,this study designs a hybrid generator(WWR-TENG)that integr...The ocean,as one of Earth’s largest natural resources,covers over 70% of the planet’s surface and holds vast water energy potential.Building on this context,this study designs a hybrid generator(WWR-TENG)that integrates a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)and an electromagnetic generator(EMG).TENG is a new technology that can capture mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy,and is particularly suitable for common natural or man-made power sources such as human movement,wind power,and water flow.EMG is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the principle of electromagnetic induction and can usually provide stable power output.The composite design leverages the complementary advantages of both technologies to efficiently capture and convert marine wave energy.By combining the TENG’s high energy conversion efficiency,lowcost,lightweight structure,and simple designwith the EMG’s capabilities,the systemprovides a sustainable solution for marine energy development.Experimental results demonstrate that at a rotational speed of 3.0 r/s,the TENG component of the WWR-TENG achieves an open-circuit voltage of approximately 280 V and a shortcircuit current of 20μA.At the same time,the EMG unit exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 14 V and a short-circuit current of 14 mA.Furthermore,when integrated with a power management circuit,the WWR-TENG charges a 680μF capacitor to 3 V within 10 s at a rotational speed of 3.0 r/s.A simulated wave environment platform was established,enabling the WWR-TENG to maintain the thermo-hygrometer in normal operation under simulated wave conditions.These findings validate the hybrid system’s effectiveness in harnessing and storingwave energy,highlighting its potential for practical marine energy applications.展开更多
Progress has been developed in harvesting lowfrequency and irregular blue energy using a triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator in recent years. However,the design of the high-efficiency, mechanically durable...Progress has been developed in harvesting lowfrequency and irregular blue energy using a triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator in recent years. However,the design of the high-efficiency, mechanically durable hybrid structure is still challenging. In this study, we report a fully packaged triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(TEHG), in which magnets were utilized as the trigger to drive contact–separation-mode triboelectric nanogenerators(CS-TENGs) and coupled with copper coils to operate rotary freestanding-mode electromagnetic generators(RF-EMGs). The magnet pairs that produce attraction were used to transfer the external mechanical energy to the CS-TENGs, and packaging of the CS-TENGpart was achieved to protect it from the ambient environment. Under a rotatory speed of 100 rpm, the CS-TENGs enabled the TEHG to deliver an output voltage, current,and average power of 315.8 V, 44.6 μA, and ~ 90.7 μW,and the output of the RF-EMGs was 0.59 V, 1.78 m A, and 79.6 μW, respectively. The cylinder-like structure made the TEHG more easily driven by water flow and demonstrated to work as a practical power source to charge commercial capacitors. It can charge a 33μF capacitor from 0 to 2.1 V in 84 s, and the stored energy in the capacitor can drive an electronic thermometer and form a self-powered water-temperature sensing system.展开更多
A digital controlled alternating electromagnetic stirring generator is proposed in this paper. The main circuit of the generator makes use of dual inverter structure among which the former inverter uses full bridge ze...A digital controlled alternating electromagnetic stirring generator is proposed in this paper. The main circuit of the generator makes use of dual inverter structure among which the former inverter uses full bridge zero voltage switching topology and the latter inverter uses full bridge inverter circuit. To improve the dynamic response performance, the inverting frequency of the former inverter is as high us 100 kHz. The Cortex-M3 kernel based ARM microcontroller LM3S818 is adopted as the cybernetics core of the digital control system to achieve accurate, stable and flexible control of the generator. All the PWM signals for the former and latter inverters are generated by the LM3S818 directly. The constant current characteristic of the former inverter is obtained through current close-loop feedback control, and can ensure the operation safety when the output current waveform is at zero crossing point. Both simulation and experiment results show that the proposed generator is with such advantages as wide soft-switching range, perfect control accuracy and flexible waveform modulation, and can fulfill the requirements of electromagnetic stirring process.展开更多
A novel variable damper using an adjustable energy harvesting structure is proposed for semi-active vibration systems. The fluid flowing in a hydraulic cylinder is employed to drive an electromagnetic generator for ha...A novel variable damper using an adjustable energy harvesting structure is proposed for semi-active vibration systems. The fluid flowing in a hydraulic cylinder is employed to drive an electromagnetic generator for harvesting vibration energy, which on the other hand, leads to a damping effect of the hydraulic damper. To make the damping force variable, an adjustable resistor is adopted to tune the capability of energy harvesting. The present approach is validated by both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation. When connected with different resistance loads, the prototype damper has different equivalent damping coefficients ranging from 3. 987 × 104 to 2. 488 × 105 N· s/m. The results show that the damping force of the damper is variable in response to the adjustable load for the vibration energy harvesting.展开更多
Harvesting energy from ambient environment has been considered as a promising strategy for driving portable electronic devices in a sustainable way. A wind driven triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator has...Harvesting energy from ambient environment has been considered as a promising strategy for driving portable electronic devices in a sustainable way. A wind driven triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator has been fabricated to convert wind energy into electricity. It is composed of an electromagnetic generator(EMG) and a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) with the output power of 35 and 0.32 mW, respectively when the wind speed is 5 m/s. Generally, TENG shows a low current output with a high voltage output characteristic, on the contrary the EMG shows a high current output and a low voltage output. This hybrid nanogenerator overcomes these problems and exhibits comprehensive and efficient performance on scavenging energy.Moreover, in view of the output performance and charging ability of the hybrid nanogenerator, it shows high stability, making it suitable for charging capacitors or batteries and driving portable electronics sustainably. A new structure of integrated TENG and EMG was designed to harvest wind energy, which shows potential applications in portable and small device power supply system, especially in the areas of remote mountains, deserts, islands, etc., as emergency power supply.展开更多
Energy harvesting and power transmission is a significant challenge for the self-powered technologies towards mobile electronic devices.Here,we propose a hybridized energy harvester to complement each other's stren...Energy harvesting and power transmission is a significant challenge for the self-powered technologies towards mobile electronic devices.Here,we propose a hybridized energy harvester to complement each other's strengths for simultaneously scavenging multiple types of energy and then wirelessly transmit the power.The harvester consists of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units for collecting rotational energy and a commercial water-proof flexible solar cell.At a rotation rate of 500 rpm,the output current of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units can reach about 630 mA through energy management.Moreover,the power harvested by hybridized energy harvester can be wirelessly transmitted up to a distance of about 100 cm in real time to charge mobile phone,anemometer,and hygrometer based on self-resonant coils.The hybridized energy harvester with wireless power transmission has potential applications in large-scale energy collection,long-distance wireless power transmission and sustainably driving mobile electronic devices.展开更多
The environmental micro-energy harvested by the triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(TEHG)can power sensors and Internet of Things(IoT)nodes in smart agriculture.However,the separation structure of traditio...The environmental micro-energy harvested by the triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(TEHG)can power sensors and Internet of Things(IoT)nodes in smart agriculture.However,the separation structure of traditional TEHG raises the complexity of form and material,which is harmful to the miniaturization of the device.Herein,a single-material-substrated triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(SMS-TEHG)based on the flexible magnets is designed to achieve the structural integration of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)and electromagnetic generator(EMG).The flexible magnets serve as the electropositive triboelectric materials for TENG and the magnetic materials for EMG,simplifying the structural complexity of TEHG.The open-circuit voltage(VOC)of the TENG and EMG are 187.2 and 9.0 V at 300 rpm,respectively.After 30,000 cycles of stability testing,the VOC of the TENG and EMG retain about 95.6%and 99.3%,respectively.Additionally,the self-powered applications driven by SMS-TEHG in intelligent greenhouse have been successfully demonstrated,such as crop light supplementation,rain monitoring,and wireless temperature and humidity sensing.This work provides a new design for TEHG and possibilities for applying TEHG and IoT in smart agriculture.展开更多
Self-powerability is a new trend in the development of portable devices.Harvesting biomechanical energy to power personal information electronics is of great significance.In this work,we report a wearable noncontact f...Self-powerability is a new trend in the development of portable devices.Harvesting biomechanical energy to power personal information electronics is of great significance.In this work,we report a wearable noncontact freerotating hybrid nanogenerator(WRG),which is constituted by a triboelectric nanogenerator and an electromagnetic generator.A continuous output over 2 seconds can be achieved during one instantaneous incentive by external force,which is improved by two orders of magnitude compared to other wearable nanogenerators due to its unique mechanical energy storage design.The WRG can be integrated into shoes to generate an output energy of 14.68 mJ in each stepping,which meets the power requirements of most personal information electronics.The wireless sensor,GPS,and smartphone can be powered by the WRG continuously.The WRG is expected to be applied in self-powered information electronics extensively in the future.展开更多
文摘The ocean,as one of Earth’s largest natural resources,covers over 70% of the planet’s surface and holds vast water energy potential.Building on this context,this study designs a hybrid generator(WWR-TENG)that integrates a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)and an electromagnetic generator(EMG).TENG is a new technology that can capture mechanical energy from the environment and convert it into electrical energy,and is particularly suitable for common natural or man-made power sources such as human movement,wind power,and water flow.EMG is a device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy through the principle of electromagnetic induction and can usually provide stable power output.The composite design leverages the complementary advantages of both technologies to efficiently capture and convert marine wave energy.By combining the TENG’s high energy conversion efficiency,lowcost,lightweight structure,and simple designwith the EMG’s capabilities,the systemprovides a sustainable solution for marine energy development.Experimental results demonstrate that at a rotational speed of 3.0 r/s,the TENG component of the WWR-TENG achieves an open-circuit voltage of approximately 280 V and a shortcircuit current of 20μA.At the same time,the EMG unit exhibits an open-circuit voltage of 14 V and a short-circuit current of 14 mA.Furthermore,when integrated with a power management circuit,the WWR-TENG charges a 680μF capacitor to 3 V within 10 s at a rotational speed of 3.0 r/s.A simulated wave environment platform was established,enabling the WWR-TENG to maintain the thermo-hygrometer in normal operation under simulated wave conditions.These findings validate the hybrid system’s effectiveness in harnessing and storingwave energy,highlighting its potential for practical marine energy applications.
基金funded by Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (Grant No. U1432249)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant 2017YFA0205002)+5 种基金the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)supported by Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technologythe support from China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2017M610346)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China (BK20170343)Nantong Municipal Science and Technology Programthe support from Jiangsu University National Science Research Program (16KJB110021)
文摘Progress has been developed in harvesting lowfrequency and irregular blue energy using a triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator in recent years. However,the design of the high-efficiency, mechanically durable hybrid structure is still challenging. In this study, we report a fully packaged triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(TEHG), in which magnets were utilized as the trigger to drive contact–separation-mode triboelectric nanogenerators(CS-TENGs) and coupled with copper coils to operate rotary freestanding-mode electromagnetic generators(RF-EMGs). The magnet pairs that produce attraction were used to transfer the external mechanical energy to the CS-TENGs, and packaging of the CS-TENGpart was achieved to protect it from the ambient environment. Under a rotatory speed of 100 rpm, the CS-TENGs enabled the TEHG to deliver an output voltage, current,and average power of 315.8 V, 44.6 μA, and ~ 90.7 μW,and the output of the RF-EMGs was 0.59 V, 1.78 m A, and 79.6 μW, respectively. The cylinder-like structure made the TEHG more easily driven by water flow and demonstrated to work as a practical power source to charge commercial capacitors. It can charge a 33μF capacitor from 0 to 2.1 V in 84 s, and the stored energy in the capacitor can drive an electronic thermometer and form a self-powered water-temperature sensing system.
基金This investigation is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 51375173 ） and Guangdong Provincial Science and Technology Project （ No. 2013B010402007, No. 2013B011302006, No. 2014B010104002）. （South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640. ）
文摘A digital controlled alternating electromagnetic stirring generator is proposed in this paper. The main circuit of the generator makes use of dual inverter structure among which the former inverter uses full bridge zero voltage switching topology and the latter inverter uses full bridge inverter circuit. To improve the dynamic response performance, the inverting frequency of the former inverter is as high us 100 kHz. The Cortex-M3 kernel based ARM microcontroller LM3S818 is adopted as the cybernetics core of the digital control system to achieve accurate, stable and flexible control of the generator. All the PWM signals for the former and latter inverters are generated by the LM3S818 directly. The constant current characteristic of the former inverter is obtained through current close-loop feedback control, and can ensure the operation safety when the output current waveform is at zero crossing point. Both simulation and experiment results show that the proposed generator is with such advantages as wide soft-switching range, perfect control accuracy and flexible waveform modulation, and can fulfill the requirements of electromagnetic stirring process.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51375517)the Natural Science Foundation of CQ CSTC(No.2012JJJQ70001)the Project of Chongqing Innovation Team in University(No.KJTD201313)
文摘A novel variable damper using an adjustable energy harvesting structure is proposed for semi-active vibration systems. The fluid flowing in a hydraulic cylinder is employed to drive an electromagnetic generator for harvesting vibration energy, which on the other hand, leads to a damping effect of the hydraulic damper. To make the damping force variable, an adjustable resistor is adopted to tune the capability of energy harvesting. The present approach is validated by both theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation. When connected with different resistance loads, the prototype damper has different equivalent damping coefficients ranging from 3. 987 × 104 to 2. 488 × 105 N· s/m. The results show that the damping force of the damper is variable in response to the adjustable load for the vibration energy harvesting.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51722510,51905518 and 21603242)the Program for Taishan Scholars of Shandong Province(Grant No.ts20190965)+1 种基金the Key Research Project of Frontier Science of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.QYZDY-SSW-JSC013)the“Innovation Leading Talents”Program of Qingdao in China(Grant No.19-3-2-23-zhc)。
文摘Harvesting energy from ambient environment has been considered as a promising strategy for driving portable electronic devices in a sustainable way. A wind driven triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator has been fabricated to convert wind energy into electricity. It is composed of an electromagnetic generator(EMG) and a triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG) with the output power of 35 and 0.32 mW, respectively when the wind speed is 5 m/s. Generally, TENG shows a low current output with a high voltage output characteristic, on the contrary the EMG shows a high current output and a low voltage output. This hybrid nanogenerator overcomes these problems and exhibits comprehensive and efficient performance on scavenging energy.Moreover, in view of the output performance and charging ability of the hybrid nanogenerator, it shows high stability, making it suitable for charging capacitors or batteries and driving portable electronics sustainably. A new structure of integrated TENG and EMG was designed to harvest wind energy, which shows potential applications in portable and small device power supply system, especially in the areas of remote mountains, deserts, islands, etc., as emergency power supply.
基金the National key R&D project from Minister of Science and Technology,China(Nos.2016YFA0202702 and 2016YFA0202701)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(ZDBS-LY-DQC025)+1 种基金the National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents(No.BX20180081)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2019M650604).
文摘Energy harvesting and power transmission is a significant challenge for the self-powered technologies towards mobile electronic devices.Here,we propose a hybridized energy harvester to complement each other's strengths for simultaneously scavenging multiple types of energy and then wirelessly transmit the power.The harvester consists of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units for collecting rotational energy and a commercial water-proof flexible solar cell.At a rotation rate of 500 rpm,the output current of electromagnetic-triboelectric nanogenerator units can reach about 630 mA through energy management.Moreover,the power harvested by hybridized energy harvester can be wirelessly transmitted up to a distance of about 100 cm in real time to charge mobile phone,anemometer,and hygrometer based on self-resonant coils.The hybridized energy harvester with wireless power transmission has potential applications in large-scale energy collection,long-distance wireless power transmission and sustainably driving mobile electronic devices.
基金the National Key Research&Development Project from the Minister of Science and Technology(Nos.2021YFA1201601 and 2021YFA1201604)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.3222023).
文摘The environmental micro-energy harvested by the triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(TEHG)can power sensors and Internet of Things(IoT)nodes in smart agriculture.However,the separation structure of traditional TEHG raises the complexity of form and material,which is harmful to the miniaturization of the device.Herein,a single-material-substrated triboelectric–electromagnetic hybrid generator(SMS-TEHG)based on the flexible magnets is designed to achieve the structural integration of triboelectric nanogenerator(TENG)and electromagnetic generator(EMG).The flexible magnets serve as the electropositive triboelectric materials for TENG and the magnetic materials for EMG,simplifying the structural complexity of TEHG.The open-circuit voltage(VOC)of the TENG and EMG are 187.2 and 9.0 V at 300 rpm,respectively.After 30,000 cycles of stability testing,the VOC of the TENG and EMG retain about 95.6%and 99.3%,respectively.Additionally,the self-powered applications driven by SMS-TEHG in intelligent greenhouse have been successfully demonstrated,such as crop light supplementation,rain monitoring,and wireless temperature and humidity sensing.This work provides a new design for TEHG and possibilities for applying TEHG and IoT in smart agriculture.
基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:2019M660410National Key R&D Project from Minister of Science and Technology,China,Grant/Award Numbers:2016YFA0202703,2016YFC1102202+4 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:11421202,21801019,61875015,81971770National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talent,Grant/Award Number:BX20190026Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality,Grant/Award Number:7204275The 111 Project,Grant/Award Number:B13003National Youth Talent Support Program。
文摘Self-powerability is a new trend in the development of portable devices.Harvesting biomechanical energy to power personal information electronics is of great significance.In this work,we report a wearable noncontact freerotating hybrid nanogenerator(WRG),which is constituted by a triboelectric nanogenerator and an electromagnetic generator.A continuous output over 2 seconds can be achieved during one instantaneous incentive by external force,which is improved by two orders of magnitude compared to other wearable nanogenerators due to its unique mechanical energy storage design.The WRG can be integrated into shoes to generate an output energy of 14.68 mJ in each stepping,which meets the power requirements of most personal information electronics.The wireless sensor,GPS,and smartphone can be powered by the WRG continuously.The WRG is expected to be applied in self-powered information electronics extensively in the future.
