Electro-pulse modification(EPM) was used to change the dendritic structure of AlSi7Mg alloy to globular one.The effects of the modified temperature,electro-pulse frequency and time on the solidified structure were exa...Electro-pulse modification(EPM) was used to change the dendritic structure of AlSi7Mg alloy to globular one.The effects of the modified temperature,electro-pulse frequency and time on the solidified structure were examined.The results show that these parameters play an important role in the solidified microstructures.That is to say,under the same modified temperature,the solidified microstructure will be improved greatly with the increase of electro-pulse frequency and time,but when they exceed to limit values,the solidified microstructure will become worse,resulting from the decrease of the ratio of nucleation.The experimental results indicate that the suitable modified temperature of AlSi7Mg alloy is 720 °C,and the appropriate electro-pulse frequency and time are 5 Hz and 40 s,respectively.Then the microstructures produced by suitable EPM process were reheated at temperatures between liquidus and solidus,the primary-Al grains ripen further and become more spherical,which is favorable to the semi-solid forming of AlSi7Mg alloy.展开更多
Melamine sponge is a major concern for oil-water separation due to its lightweight,high porosity(>99%),cost-effectiveness,impressive mechanical properties,and chemical/thermal stability.However,its amphiphilic natu...Melamine sponge is a major concern for oil-water separation due to its lightweight,high porosity(>99%),cost-effectiveness,impressive mechanical properties,and chemical/thermal stability.However,its amphiphilic nature hinders selective oil absorption in water.Recent strategies to enhance hydrophobicity are reviewed,including synthetic methods and materials,with comprehensive explanations of the mechanisms driven by surface energy and roughness.Key performance indicators for MS in oil-water separation,including adsorption capacity,wettability,stability,emulsion separation,reversible wettability switching,flame retardancy,mechanical properties,and recyclability,are thoroughly discussed.In conclusion,this review provides insights into the future potential and direction of functional melamine sponges in oil-water separation.展开更多
Regulatory T(Treg)cells are pivotal for maintaining immune homeostasis and play essential roles in various diseases,such as autoimmune diseases,graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),tumors,and infectious diseases.Treg cells...Regulatory T(Treg)cells are pivotal for maintaining immune homeostasis and play essential roles in various diseases,such as autoimmune diseases,graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),tumors,and infectious diseases.Treg cells exert suppressive function via distinct mechanisms,including inhibitory cytokines,granzyme or perforin-mediated cytolysis,metabolic disruption,and suppression of dendritic cells.Forkhead Box P3(FOXP3),the characteristic transcription factor,is essential for Treg cell function and plasticity.Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that FOXP3 activity and Treg cell function are modulated by a variety of post-translational modifications(PTMs),including ubiquitination,acetylation,phosphorylation,methylation,glycosylation,poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation,and uncharacterized modifications.This review describes Treg cell suppressive mechanisms and summarizes the current evidence on PTM regulation of FOXP3 and Treg cell function.Understanding the regulatory role of PTMs in Treg cell plasticity and function will be helpful in designing therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases,GVHD,tumors,and infectious diseases.展开更多
Objective The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted.Nevertheless,the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive,thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesi...Objective The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted.Nevertheless,the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive,thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesic effect of acupuncture.This paper investigated the role of acupuncture needle surface textures on acupuncture’s analgesic effect by creating four experimental acupuncture needles with different patterns of surface augmentation.Methods Four types of acupuncture needles with different surface textures(the lined needle,circle needle,sandpaper needle,and threaded needle)were designed.Additionally,the force/torque measurement system used a robot arm and mechanical sensor to measure the force on the needle during insertion and manipulation.To perform acupuncture analgesia experiments,four experimental acupuncture needles and a normal needle were inserted into the Zusanli(ST36)acupoint of rats with inflammatory pain.By comparing the force and torque and the analgesic efficacy of the different acupuncture needles,these experiments tested the role of acupuncture needle body texture on acupuncture analgesia.Results The analgesic effects of different acupuncture needle body textures varied.Specifically,the force required to penetrate the skin with the lined needle was not greater than that for the normal needle;however,the needle with inscribed circles and the sandpaper-roughened needle both required greater force for insertion.Additionally,the torque of the lined needle reached 2×10^(-4)N·m under twisting manipulation,which was four times greater the torque of a normal needle(5×10^(-5)N·m).Furthermore,the lined needle improved pain threshold and mast cell degranulation rate compared to the normal needle.Conclusion Optimizing the texture of acupuncture needles can enhance acupuncture analgesia.The texture of our experimental acupuncture needles had a significant impact on the force needed to penetrate the skin and the torque needed to manipulate the needle;it was also linked to variable analgesic effects.This study provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the analgesic efficacy of acupuncture through the modification of needles and promoting the development of acupuncture therapy.展开更多
With the acceleration of advanced industrialization and urbanization,the environment is deteriorating rapidly,and non-renewable energy resources are depleted.The gradual advent of potential clean energy storage techno...With the acceleration of advanced industrialization and urbanization,the environment is deteriorating rapidly,and non-renewable energy resources are depleted.The gradual advent of potential clean energy storage technologies is particularly urgent.Electrochemical energy storage technologies have been widely used in multiple fields,especially supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries,as vital elements of storing renewable energy.In recent years,two-dimensional material MXene has shown great potential in energy and multiple application fields thanks to its excellent electrical properties,large specific surface area,and tunability.Based on the layered materials of MXene,researchers have successfully achieved the dual functions of energy storage and conversion by adjusting the surface terminals at the Fermi level.It is worth noting that compared with other two-dimensional materials,MXene has more active sites on the basal plane,showing excellent catalytic performance.In contrast,other two-dimensional materials have catalytic activity only at the edge sites.This article comprehensively overviews the synthesis process,structural characteristics,modification methods for MXene-based polymer materials,and their applications in electrochemical energy storage.It also briefly discusses the potential of MXene-polymer materials in electromagnetic shielding technology and sensors and looks forward to future research directions.展开更多
Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics...Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics,metallic nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides,have been extensively used to deal with Ti implant infections.However,these chemical approaches suffer from potential toxicity,antibiotic resistance and poor long-term antibacterial performance.Hence,physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based implants have attracted increasing attention.The antibacterial behavior of different surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials against various bacteria only by physical properties of the implants themselves(e.g.,nanotopography)or exogenous physical stimulus(e.g.,photocatalysis)was reviewed,as well as parameters influencing the physical antibacterial processes,such as size,shape and density of the surface nanotextures,and bacterial growth phases.Besides,mechanisms of different fabrication techniques for the physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials were also summarized.展开更多
Chemical modification of native peptides and proteins is a versatile strategy to facilitate late-stage diversification for functional studies.Among the proteogenic amino acids,lysine is extensively involved in posttra...Chemical modification of native peptides and proteins is a versatile strategy to facilitate late-stage diversification for functional studies.Among the proteogenic amino acids,lysine is extensively involved in posttranslational modifications and the binding of ligands to target proteins,making its selective modification attractive.However,lysine’s high natural abundance and solvent accessibility,as well as its relatively low reactivity to cysteine,necessitate addressing chemoselectivity and regioselectivity for the Lys modification of native proteins.Although Lys chemoselective modification methods have been well developed,achieving site-selective modification of a specific Lys residue remains a great challenge.In this review,we discussed the challenges of Lys selective modification,presented recent examples of Lys chemoselective modification,and summarized the currently known methods and strategies for Lys site-selective modification.We also included an outlook on potential solutions for Lys site-selective labeling and its potential applications in chemical biology and drug development.展开更多
The NASICON-structured Na_(2)VTi(PO_(4))_(3)(NVTPO)has attracted significant attention due to its exceptional structural stability and rapid Na~+mobility.However,the development of this material has been hindered by p...The NASICON-structured Na_(2)VTi(PO_(4))_(3)(NVTPO)has attracted significant attention due to its exceptional structural stability and rapid Na~+mobility.However,the development of this material has been hindered by poor electronic conductivity and inadequate low-temperature performance.Herein,a feasible strategy of lattice regulation integrated with surface modification for NVTPO by nitrogen(N)deep doping is proposed.Systematic characterizations and theoretical calculations confirm that N is doped into both the inner crystal structure of NVTPO and the outer carbon layer.The blueshift of the P—O bonds and charge redistribution induced by the V/Ti—N bonds strengthen the local environment and narrow the bandgap,thereby enabling reversible structural evolution and improving electronic conductivity.As expected,the optimized NVTPO/N@CN material achieves an ultra-high capacity of 188.48 mA h g^(-1)at 10 mA g^(-1)and a long-term lifespan of 2000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).More importantly,it exhibits competitive low-temperature performance(92.15%retention after 1000 cycles at 300 mA g^(-1)and-15℃)due to reduced charge transfer impedance and activation energy.This deep doping strategy modification is expected to broaden the applications of NASICON-type cathodes.展开更多
Fibrillization endows food proteins with anisotropic nanostructures,significantly enhancing their functional properties.The resultant food protein fibrils(FPFs)have garnered attention for their diverse applications ac...Fibrillization endows food proteins with anisotropic nanostructures,significantly enhancing their functional properties.The resultant food protein fibrils(FPFs)have garnered attention for their diverse applications across the food industry.However,the full potential of FPFs is hindered by inherent challenges,particularly their limited stability.This review critically examines the formation of FPFs in food processing,the new protein sources,and on the modification strategies of FPFs,thereby unlocking new avenues for FPF utilization in food processing.In particular,the strategies during and after fibrillization are highlighted.The first strategy is to modify the structure and function of protein fibrils by influencing fibrillization,such as through pretreatment,incubation conditions,nuclei induction,and ingredient interactions.The second strategy is to modify the mature FPFs by regulating their properties and interactions with other components.The review also discusses the potential applications and challenges of FPFs in food systems,such as food preservation,functional food design,and novel delivery carriers.展开更多
An imbalanced dataset often challenges machine learning, particularly classification methods. Underrepresented minority classes can result in biased and inaccurate models. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Techniqu...An imbalanced dataset often challenges machine learning, particularly classification methods. Underrepresented minority classes can result in biased and inaccurate models. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was developed to address the problem of imbalanced data. Over time, several weaknesses of the SMOTE method have been identified in generating synthetic minority class data, such as overlapping, noise, and small disjuncts. However, these studies generally focus on only one of SMOTE’s weaknesses: noise or overlapping. Therefore, this study addresses both issues simultaneously by tackling noise and overlapping in SMOTE-generated data. This study proposes a combined approach of filtering, clustering, and distance modification to reduce noise and overlapping produced by SMOTE. Filtering removes minority class data (noise) located in majority class regions, with the k-nn method applied for filtering. The use of Noise Reduction (NR), which removes data that is considered noise before applying SMOTE, has a positive impact in overcoming data imbalance. Clustering establishes decision boundaries by partitioning data into clusters, allowing SMOTE with modified distance metrics to generate minority class data within each cluster. This SMOTE clustering and distance modification approach aims to minimize overlap in synthetic minority data that could introduce noise. The proposed method is called “NR-Clustering SMOTE,” which has several stages in balancing data: (1) filtering by removing minority classes close to majority classes (data noise) using the k-nn method;(2) clustering data using K-means aims to establish decision boundaries by partitioning data into several clusters;(3) applying SMOTE oversampling with Manhattan distance within each cluster. Test results indicate that the proposed NR-Clustering SMOTE method achieves the best performance across all evaluation metrics for classification methods such as Random Forest, SVM, and Naїve Bayes, compared to the original data and traditional SMOTE. The proposed method (NR-Clustering SMOTE) improves accuracy by 15.34% on the Pima dataset and 20.96% on the Haberman dataset compared to SMOTE-LOF. Compared to Radius-SMOTE, this method increases accuracy by 3.16% on the Pima dataset and 13.24% on the Haberman dataset. Meanwhile, compared to RN-SMOTE, the accuracy improvement reaches 15.56% on the Pima dataset and 19.84% on the Haberman dataset. This research result implies that the proposed method experiences consistent performance improvement compared to traditional SMOTE and its latest variants, such as SMOTE-LOF, Radius-SMOTE, and RN-SMOTE, in solving imbalanced health data with class binaries.展开更多
Paraphenylenediamine(PPDA)-grafted maleic anhydride(MAH)-modified graphene oxide(PGO)was synthesized through a dual modification process.Initially,MAH was employed to modify graphene oxide(GO)to enhance its reactive s...Paraphenylenediamine(PPDA)-grafted maleic anhydride(MAH)-modified graphene oxide(PGO)was synthesized through a dual modification process.Initially,MAH was employed to modify graphene oxide(GO)to enhance its reactive sites.Subsequently,PPDA was utilized for further modification of MAH-modified GO(MGO).Through a comprehensive analysis,the successful grafting of MAH and PPDA onto GO was confirmed.It was concurrently established that the optimal ratio of PPDA to MGO is 1:1.This approach yielded PGO characterized by outstanding dispersibility and barrier properties in epoxy resin(EP)coaings for Q235 steel.The corrosion resistance of EP coatings containing varying amounts of PGO was assessed using electrochemical workstation and salt spray testing.After immersing in a 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution for 300 h,the composite coating containing 0.1 wt.%PGO exhibited superior performance in terms of low-frequency impedance modulus,measuring at 1.1×10^(8)Ωcm^(2).The lowest corrosion current density was 2.32×10^(–10)A cm^(−2),and the self-corrosion voltage was−0.301 V.Additionally,polarization testing indicated that this coating also displayed the lowest corrosion rate,specifically 1.383×10^(–7)mm/a.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have undoubtedly become one of the most promising battery systems due to their high energy density and the cost-effectiveness of sulfur cathodes.However,challenges,such as the shuttle eff...Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have undoubtedly become one of the most promising battery systems due to their high energy density and the cost-effectiveness of sulfur cathodes.However,challenges,such as the shuttle effect from soluble long-chain lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and the low conductivity of active materials,hinder their commercialization.Under this circumstance,molybdenum sulfide(MoS_(2))has attracted widespread attention due to its unique physicochemical properties,particularly its capability to mitigate the shuttle effect in LSBs through electrostatic or chemical bonds.Nonetheless,the industrial application of MoS_(2)in LSBs is limited by the inertness of its basal surface and inadequate electron transfer properties.This review mainly introduces various modification strategies of MoS_(2)materials in LSBs and their effects on electrochemical and catalytic performance.Unlike previous reviews and related papers,detailed discussions were conducted on the specific mechanisms of each modification strategy,including(1)shape manipulation,(2)support engineering,(3)heterostructure engineering,(4)defect engineering,(5)interlayer engineering,(6)phase engineering,(7)strain engineering,(8)hybridization.Comprehensive conclusions and outlook on the development of MoS_(2)as an abundant electrocatalyst for LSBs are also discussed in the end.展开更多
Self-assembled prodrug nanomedicine has emerged as an advanced platform for antitumor therapy,mainly comprise drug modules,response modules and modification modules.However,existing studies usually compare the differe...Self-assembled prodrug nanomedicine has emerged as an advanced platform for antitumor therapy,mainly comprise drug modules,response modules and modification modules.However,existing studies usually compare the differences between single types of modification modules,neglecting the impact of steric-hindrance effect caused by chemical structure.Herein,single-tailed modification module with low-steric-hindrance effect and two-tailed modification module with high-steric-hindrance effect were selected to construct paclitaxel prodrugs(P-LA_(C18)and P-BAC18),and the in-depth insights of the sterichindrance effect on prodrug nanoassemblies were explored.Notably,the size stability of the two-tailed prodrugs was enhanced due to improved intermolecular interactions and steric hindrance.Single-tailed prodrug nanoassemblies were more susceptible to attack by redox agents,showing faster drug release and stronger antitumor efficacy,but with poorer safety.In contrast,two-tailed prodrug nanoassemblies exhibited significant advantages in terms of pharmacokinetics,tumor accumulation and safety due to the good size stability,thus ensuring equivalent antitumor efficacy at tolerance dose.These findings highlighted the critical role of steric-hindrance effect of the modification module in regulating the structureactivity relationship of prodrug nanoassemblies and proposed new perspectives into the precise design of self-assembled prodrugs for high-performance cancer therapeutics.展开更多
Food packaging is becoming popular as the consumption of ready-to-eat food products rises.Easyto-use,non-biodegradable plastic packaging is commonly used in food packaging,contributing to the deteriorating environment...Food packaging is becoming popular as the consumption of ready-to-eat food products rises.Easyto-use,non-biodegradable plastic packaging is commonly used in food packaging,contributing to the deteriorating environmental situation.This issue increases the concern for the environment and encourages the usage of alternative materials.Cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)are abundant and biodegradable,which makes them ideal candidates to replace plastic coatings.The ability to form H-bonds between the hydroxyl groups makes coated paper with CNF have good strength,but poor barrier properties.The barrier properties can be improved by grafting DMAEMA or HEMA onto CNF(CNF-g-PDMAEMA and CNF-g-PHEMA,respectively).Thus,the objective of this study was to modify CNF chemically to enhance the barrier properties of the food packaging paper.It was found that paper coated with CNFg-PDMAEMA and CNF-g-PHEMA exhibited improvements in mechanical and barrier properties while maintaining the desired viscosity for the coating process.The water contact angle increased for paper coated with CNF-g-PHEMA and CNF-g-PDMAEMA,reaching a maximum of 97.51°and 92.58°,respectively with the decreasing Cobb_(60) values by 49% and 11%.The oil absorption was also reduced for both coated papers compared to the blank paper.Mechanical properties improved,as indicated by a 3% increase in tensile strength for paper coated with CNF-g-PHEMA and a 5% for paper coated with CNF-g-PDMAEMA.The results indicated significant potential for the application of modified CNF in coatings for food packaging paper.Noteworthy,the grafting process should be improved to enhance the mechanical and barrier properties of the coated paper.展开更多
Pectin is a natural polysaccharide with a complex structure consisting of linear and branched regions rich in galacturonic acid.The growing interest in orange peel pectin can be attributed to its abundant supply.Accor...Pectin is a natural polysaccharide with a complex structure consisting of linear and branched regions rich in galacturonic acid.The growing interest in orange peel pectin can be attributed to its abundant supply.According to statistics,about 10 million tons of orange peel waste are produced worldwide each year.Traditionally,the extraction and utilization of pectin have focused on its gelling,thickening,and stabilizing properties in food.However,as more and more research teams have found that pectin has good biocompatibility,biodegradability and easy chemical modification,its potential in drug delivery systems,tissue engineering,and wound healing is gradually being explored.This review focuses on orange peel pectin polysaccharides and discusses its traditional and modern extraction techniques,especially the advanced method of subcritical water extraction.This study also outlines the structural modifications of pectin such as methylation and acetylation,and introduces its antioxidant and anticancer biological activities and their emerging roles in the development of advanced biomaterials such as bone tissue engineering and fibre pad dressings.展开更多
Spinal cord injury typically causes corticospinal tract disruption.Although the disrupted corticospinal tract can self-regenerate to a certain degree,the underlying mechanism of this process is still unclear.N6-methyl...Spinal cord injury typically causes corticospinal tract disruption.Although the disrupted corticospinal tract can self-regenerate to a certain degree,the underlying mechanism of this process is still unclear.N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modifications are the most common form of epigenetic regulation at the RNA level and play an essential role in biological processes.However,whether m^(6)A modifications participate in corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury remains unknown.We found that expression of methyltransferase 14 protein(METTL14)in the locomotor cortex was high after spinal cord injury and accompanied by elevated m^(6)A levels.Knockdown of Mettl14 in the locomotor cortex was not favorable for corticospinal tract regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury.Through bioinformatics analysis and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,we found that METTL14 regulated Trib2 expression in an m^(6)A-regulated manner,thereby activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and promoting corticospinal tract regeneration.Finally,we administered syringin,a stabilizer of METTL14,using molecular docking.Results confirmed that syringin can promote corticospinal tract regeneration and facilitate neurological recovery by stabilizing METTL14.Findings from this study reveal that m^(6)A modification is involved in the regulation of corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury.展开更多
RNA modifications play vital regulatory roles in biological systems.Dysregulated RNA modifications themselves or their regulators are associated with various diseases,including cancers and immune related diseases.Howe...RNA modifications play vital regulatory roles in biological systems.Dysregulated RNA modifications themselves or their regulators are associated with various diseases,including cancers and immune related diseases.However,to the best of our knowledge,RNA modifications in peripheral white blood cells(immune cells)have not been systematically investigated before.Here we utilized hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HILIC-MS/MS)for the quantification of 19 chemical modifications in total RNA and 17 chemical modifications in small RNA in peripheral white blood cells from breast cancer patients and healthy controls.We found out 13 RNA modifications were up-regulated in total RNA samples of breast cancer patients.For small RNA samples,only N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)was down-regulated in breast cancer patients(P<0.0001).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis showed that N4-acetylcytidine(ac^(4)C)in total RNA had an area under curve(AUC)value of 0.833,and m^(6)A in small RNA had an AUC value of 0.994.Our results further illustrated that RNA modifications may play vital roles in immune cell biology of breast cancer,and may act as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast cancer.展开更多
Single crystalline nickel rich Li[Ni_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x–y)]O_(2)(SCNCM)layered oxide cathodes show higher ionic conductivity and better structure integrity than polycrystalline NCM(PCNCM)cathodes by eliminating grain b...Single crystalline nickel rich Li[Ni_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x–y)]O_(2)(SCNCM)layered oxide cathodes show higher ionic conductivity and better structure integrity than polycrystalline NCM(PCNCM)cathodes by eliminating grain boundaries.However,it remains challenges in the controlled synthesis process and restricted cycling stability of SCNCM.Herein,take single crystalline nickel rich Li[Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)]O_(2)(SC811)as an example,a dual molten salts(LiOH and Li_(2)SO_(4))assisted secondary calcination method is proposed,for which LiOH salt improves primary crystal size and Li_(2)SO_(4)prevents the aggravation of NCM nanocrystals.To further reduce the interfacial side reactions,Mg-doping and B-coating surface modification was carried out,which effectively suppress anisotropic lattice changes and Li/Ni disorder.In addition,a thin and uniform H_(3)BO_(3)coating effectively prevents direct contact between the electrode and electrolyte,thus reducing harmful parasitic reactions.The single crystal structure engineering and surface modification strategy of oxide layered cathodes significantly improve the cycling stability of the modified SC811 cathode.For example,during a long-term cycling of 470 cycles,a high-capacity retention of 74.2%obtained at 1C rate.Our work provides a new strategy for engineering high energy nickel rich layered oxide NCM cathodes.展开更多
Mgo-Cao refractories are widely used in the iron and steel metalurgy industry due to their advantages of purifying molten steel,high refractoriness,good thermal shock resistance,and excellent corrosion resistance to b...Mgo-Cao refractories are widely used in the iron and steel metalurgy industry due to their advantages of purifying molten steel,high refractoriness,good thermal shock resistance,and excellent corrosion resistance to basic slags.However,hydration occurs during the manufacturing,storage,and transportation of refractories,which severely limits their application.Mgo-CaO clinker is the main raw material for Mgo-Cao refractories,and its hydration resistance determines the development of the latter case.Herein,the Mgo-Cao clinker was modified using myristic acid as the modifying agent by the liquid-phase deposition method.The effects of the particle size of the raw materials,concentration of myristic acid,treatment temperature and time on the phase composition and hydration resistance of the modified Mgo-Cao clinkers were investigated in detail.The results show that the samples with an agent concentration of 0.25 mol L^(-1) and treated at 25℃ for 1 h exhibit the optimal hydration resistance properties,namely a low hydration mass gain rate(0.23%)and a large water contact angle(152.9).展开更多
基金Project(07KJD460007) supported by the Educational Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China
文摘Electro-pulse modification(EPM) was used to change the dendritic structure of AlSi7Mg alloy to globular one.The effects of the modified temperature,electro-pulse frequency and time on the solidified structure were examined.The results show that these parameters play an important role in the solidified microstructures.That is to say,under the same modified temperature,the solidified microstructure will be improved greatly with the increase of electro-pulse frequency and time,but when they exceed to limit values,the solidified microstructure will become worse,resulting from the decrease of the ratio of nucleation.The experimental results indicate that the suitable modified temperature of AlSi7Mg alloy is 720 °C,and the appropriate electro-pulse frequency and time are 5 Hz and 40 s,respectively.Then the microstructures produced by suitable EPM process were reheated at temperatures between liquidus and solidus,the primary-Al grains ripen further and become more spherical,which is favorable to the semi-solid forming of AlSi7Mg alloy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52372093 and 52102145)the Key R&D Program of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2023GXLH-045 and 2022SF-168)+4 种基金the Xi’an Programs for Science and Technology Plan(Nos.2020KJRC0090 and 21XJZZ0045)the Opening Project of Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology(No.XJZZ202001)the Xi’an Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology(No.21XJZZ0054)the Open Foundation of Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry,Ministry of Education,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(No.KFKT2021-01)the Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Industrial Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology,Shaanxi University of Science and Technology(No.KFKT2021-01).
文摘Melamine sponge is a major concern for oil-water separation due to its lightweight,high porosity(>99%),cost-effectiveness,impressive mechanical properties,and chemical/thermal stability.However,its amphiphilic nature hinders selective oil absorption in water.Recent strategies to enhance hydrophobicity are reviewed,including synthetic methods and materials,with comprehensive explanations of the mechanisms driven by surface energy and roughness.Key performance indicators for MS in oil-water separation,including adsorption capacity,wettability,stability,emulsion separation,reversible wettability switching,flame retardancy,mechanical properties,and recyclability,are thoroughly discussed.In conclusion,this review provides insights into the future potential and direction of functional melamine sponges in oil-water separation.
基金supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFC2403000 and 2021YFC2400500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32200728 and 32170925)+3 种基金the Clinical Research Project of Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation(C2301008)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(JCYJ20220531100406014,JCYJ2022081800807016,RCBS20221008093336088,KQTD20210811090115019)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021A1515110375)the Innovative Research Team of High-level Local Universities in Shanghai(SHSMU-ZDCX20210601).
文摘Regulatory T(Treg)cells are pivotal for maintaining immune homeostasis and play essential roles in various diseases,such as autoimmune diseases,graft-versus-host disease(GVHD),tumors,and infectious diseases.Treg cells exert suppressive function via distinct mechanisms,including inhibitory cytokines,granzyme or perforin-mediated cytolysis,metabolic disruption,and suppression of dendritic cells.Forkhead Box P3(FOXP3),the characteristic transcription factor,is essential for Treg cell function and plasticity.Cumulative evidence has demonstrated that FOXP3 activity and Treg cell function are modulated by a variety of post-translational modifications(PTMs),including ubiquitination,acetylation,phosphorylation,methylation,glycosylation,poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation,and uncharacterized modifications.This review describes Treg cell suppressive mechanisms and summarizes the current evidence on PTM regulation of FOXP3 and Treg cell function.Understanding the regulatory role of PTMs in Treg cell plasticity and function will be helpful in designing therapeutic strategies for autoimmune diseases,GVHD,tumors,and infectious diseases.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12172092,82174488,and 82305416)Shanghai Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Mechanism and Acupoint Function(No.21DZ2271800)+1 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission(No.23YF1418300)Scientific Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission—Youth Guidance Category(No.2022QN018).
文摘Objective The analgesic effect of acupuncture has been widely accepted.Nevertheless,the mechanism behind its analgesic effect remains elusive,thus impeding the progress of research geared toward enhancing the analgesic effect of acupuncture.This paper investigated the role of acupuncture needle surface textures on acupuncture’s analgesic effect by creating four experimental acupuncture needles with different patterns of surface augmentation.Methods Four types of acupuncture needles with different surface textures(the lined needle,circle needle,sandpaper needle,and threaded needle)were designed.Additionally,the force/torque measurement system used a robot arm and mechanical sensor to measure the force on the needle during insertion and manipulation.To perform acupuncture analgesia experiments,four experimental acupuncture needles and a normal needle were inserted into the Zusanli(ST36)acupoint of rats with inflammatory pain.By comparing the force and torque and the analgesic efficacy of the different acupuncture needles,these experiments tested the role of acupuncture needle body texture on acupuncture analgesia.Results The analgesic effects of different acupuncture needle body textures varied.Specifically,the force required to penetrate the skin with the lined needle was not greater than that for the normal needle;however,the needle with inscribed circles and the sandpaper-roughened needle both required greater force for insertion.Additionally,the torque of the lined needle reached 2×10^(-4)N·m under twisting manipulation,which was four times greater the torque of a normal needle(5×10^(-5)N·m).Furthermore,the lined needle improved pain threshold and mast cell degranulation rate compared to the normal needle.Conclusion Optimizing the texture of acupuncture needles can enhance acupuncture analgesia.The texture of our experimental acupuncture needles had a significant impact on the force needed to penetrate the skin and the torque needed to manipulate the needle;it was also linked to variable analgesic effects.This study provides a theoretical basis for enhancing the analgesic efficacy of acupuncture through the modification of needles and promoting the development of acupuncture therapy.
基金supported by the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in the Shaanxi Province of China(No.2023-JC-ZD-25)Shaanxi Province(Qin ChuangYuan)“Scientist+Engineer”Team Building(No.2022KXJ-040)+1 种基金Shaanxi Provincial Department of Education Key Scientific Research Project(No.22JY024)Science and Technology Guidance Project Plan of China National Textile and Apparel Council(No.2022038,2023018).
文摘With the acceleration of advanced industrialization and urbanization,the environment is deteriorating rapidly,and non-renewable energy resources are depleted.The gradual advent of potential clean energy storage technologies is particularly urgent.Electrochemical energy storage technologies have been widely used in multiple fields,especially supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries,as vital elements of storing renewable energy.In recent years,two-dimensional material MXene has shown great potential in energy and multiple application fields thanks to its excellent electrical properties,large specific surface area,and tunability.Based on the layered materials of MXene,researchers have successfully achieved the dual functions of energy storage and conversion by adjusting the surface terminals at the Fermi level.It is worth noting that compared with other two-dimensional materials,MXene has more active sites on the basal plane,showing excellent catalytic performance.In contrast,other two-dimensional materials have catalytic activity only at the edge sites.This article comprehensively overviews the synthesis process,structural characteristics,modification methods for MXene-based polymer materials,and their applications in electrochemical energy storage.It also briefly discusses the potential of MXene-polymer materials in electromagnetic shielding technology and sensors and looks forward to future research directions.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(52171114)。
文摘Infections associated with titanium(Ti)-based implants present significant challenges in clinical treatments,especially when biofilms already form on the implant surface.Many antimicrobial agents,including antibiotics,metallic nanoparticles and antimicrobial peptides,have been extensively used to deal with Ti implant infections.However,these chemical approaches suffer from potential toxicity,antibiotic resistance and poor long-term antibacterial performance.Hence,physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based implants have attracted increasing attention.The antibacterial behavior of different surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials against various bacteria only by physical properties of the implants themselves(e.g.,nanotopography)or exogenous physical stimulus(e.g.,photocatalysis)was reviewed,as well as parameters influencing the physical antibacterial processes,such as size,shape and density of the surface nanotextures,and bacterial growth phases.Besides,mechanisms of different fabrication techniques for the physical antibacterial surfaces on Ti-based biomaterials were also summarized.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82373722,22077144)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2023JJ30527)+2 种基金Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(No.2023B1515040006)Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Construction Foundation(No.2023B1212060022)Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(No.2020B1111110003).
文摘Chemical modification of native peptides and proteins is a versatile strategy to facilitate late-stage diversification for functional studies.Among the proteogenic amino acids,lysine is extensively involved in posttranslational modifications and the binding of ligands to target proteins,making its selective modification attractive.However,lysine’s high natural abundance and solvent accessibility,as well as its relatively low reactivity to cysteine,necessitate addressing chemoselectivity and regioselectivity for the Lys modification of native proteins.Although Lys chemoselective modification methods have been well developed,achieving site-selective modification of a specific Lys residue remains a great challenge.In this review,we discussed the challenges of Lys selective modification,presented recent examples of Lys chemoselective modification,and summarized the currently known methods and strategies for Lys site-selective modification.We also included an outlook on potential solutions for Lys site-selective labeling and its potential applications in chemical biology and drug development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22272205 and 22178094)the Hunan Provincial Nature Science Foundation of China(2022JJ30685,2023JJ20059 and 2024JJ5292)+2 种基金the Hunan Provincial Science and Technology Plan Projects of China(2022RC3050 and 2017TP1001)the financial support from the Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Institutions of Hunan Provincesupport from the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST(YESS20220432)。
文摘The NASICON-structured Na_(2)VTi(PO_(4))_(3)(NVTPO)has attracted significant attention due to its exceptional structural stability and rapid Na~+mobility.However,the development of this material has been hindered by poor electronic conductivity and inadequate low-temperature performance.Herein,a feasible strategy of lattice regulation integrated with surface modification for NVTPO by nitrogen(N)deep doping is proposed.Systematic characterizations and theoretical calculations confirm that N is doped into both the inner crystal structure of NVTPO and the outer carbon layer.The blueshift of the P—O bonds and charge redistribution induced by the V/Ti—N bonds strengthen the local environment and narrow the bandgap,thereby enabling reversible structural evolution and improving electronic conductivity.As expected,the optimized NVTPO/N@CN material achieves an ultra-high capacity of 188.48 mA h g^(-1)at 10 mA g^(-1)and a long-term lifespan of 2000 cycles at 1 A g^(-1).More importantly,it exhibits competitive low-temperature performance(92.15%retention after 1000 cycles at 300 mA g^(-1)and-15℃)due to reduced charge transfer impedance and activation energy.This deep doping strategy modification is expected to broaden the applications of NASICON-type cathodes.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20232BAB205075,20224ACB205014).
文摘Fibrillization endows food proteins with anisotropic nanostructures,significantly enhancing their functional properties.The resultant food protein fibrils(FPFs)have garnered attention for their diverse applications across the food industry.However,the full potential of FPFs is hindered by inherent challenges,particularly their limited stability.This review critically examines the formation of FPFs in food processing,the new protein sources,and on the modification strategies of FPFs,thereby unlocking new avenues for FPF utilization in food processing.In particular,the strategies during and after fibrillization are highlighted.The first strategy is to modify the structure and function of protein fibrils by influencing fibrillization,such as through pretreatment,incubation conditions,nuclei induction,and ingredient interactions.The second strategy is to modify the mature FPFs by regulating their properties and interactions with other components.The review also discusses the potential applications and challenges of FPFs in food systems,such as food preservation,functional food design,and novel delivery carriers.
基金funded by Universitas Negeri Malang,contract number 4.4.841/UN32.14.1/LT/2024.
文摘An imbalanced dataset often challenges machine learning, particularly classification methods. Underrepresented minority classes can result in biased and inaccurate models. The Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE) was developed to address the problem of imbalanced data. Over time, several weaknesses of the SMOTE method have been identified in generating synthetic minority class data, such as overlapping, noise, and small disjuncts. However, these studies generally focus on only one of SMOTE’s weaknesses: noise or overlapping. Therefore, this study addresses both issues simultaneously by tackling noise and overlapping in SMOTE-generated data. This study proposes a combined approach of filtering, clustering, and distance modification to reduce noise and overlapping produced by SMOTE. Filtering removes minority class data (noise) located in majority class regions, with the k-nn method applied for filtering. The use of Noise Reduction (NR), which removes data that is considered noise before applying SMOTE, has a positive impact in overcoming data imbalance. Clustering establishes decision boundaries by partitioning data into clusters, allowing SMOTE with modified distance metrics to generate minority class data within each cluster. This SMOTE clustering and distance modification approach aims to minimize overlap in synthetic minority data that could introduce noise. The proposed method is called “NR-Clustering SMOTE,” which has several stages in balancing data: (1) filtering by removing minority classes close to majority classes (data noise) using the k-nn method;(2) clustering data using K-means aims to establish decision boundaries by partitioning data into several clusters;(3) applying SMOTE oversampling with Manhattan distance within each cluster. Test results indicate that the proposed NR-Clustering SMOTE method achieves the best performance across all evaluation metrics for classification methods such as Random Forest, SVM, and Naїve Bayes, compared to the original data and traditional SMOTE. The proposed method (NR-Clustering SMOTE) improves accuracy by 15.34% on the Pima dataset and 20.96% on the Haberman dataset compared to SMOTE-LOF. Compared to Radius-SMOTE, this method increases accuracy by 3.16% on the Pima dataset and 13.24% on the Haberman dataset. Meanwhile, compared to RN-SMOTE, the accuracy improvement reaches 15.56% on the Pima dataset and 19.84% on the Haberman dataset. This research result implies that the proposed method experiences consistent performance improvement compared to traditional SMOTE and its latest variants, such as SMOTE-LOF, Radius-SMOTE, and RN-SMOTE, in solving imbalanced health data with class binaries.
基金supports for this work are the Inner Mongolia Major Science and Technology Project(No.2020ZD0024)Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia(No.2024LHMS05046)+5 种基金Local Science and Technology Development Project of the Central Government(Nos.2021ZY0006 and 2022ZY0011)2023 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Doctoral Research Innovation Project(No.B20231023Z)Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region key Research and Technological Achievements Transformation Plan Project(No.2023YFHH0063)Autonomous Region higher education Carbon peak carbon neutral research project(No.STZX202206)Basic Scientific Research Expenses Program of Universities directly under Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(No.JY20220043)Graphite and Graphene New Materials Discipline Team of Inner Mongolia University of Technology(No.PY202066).
文摘Paraphenylenediamine(PPDA)-grafted maleic anhydride(MAH)-modified graphene oxide(PGO)was synthesized through a dual modification process.Initially,MAH was employed to modify graphene oxide(GO)to enhance its reactive sites.Subsequently,PPDA was utilized for further modification of MAH-modified GO(MGO).Through a comprehensive analysis,the successful grafting of MAH and PPDA onto GO was confirmed.It was concurrently established that the optimal ratio of PPDA to MGO is 1:1.This approach yielded PGO characterized by outstanding dispersibility and barrier properties in epoxy resin(EP)coaings for Q235 steel.The corrosion resistance of EP coatings containing varying amounts of PGO was assessed using electrochemical workstation and salt spray testing.After immersing in a 3.5 wt.%NaCl solution for 300 h,the composite coating containing 0.1 wt.%PGO exhibited superior performance in terms of low-frequency impedance modulus,measuring at 1.1×10^(8)Ωcm^(2).The lowest corrosion current density was 2.32×10^(–10)A cm^(−2),and the self-corrosion voltage was−0.301 V.Additionally,polarization testing indicated that this coating also displayed the lowest corrosion rate,specifically 1.383×10^(–7)mm/a.
基金supported by the Macao Science and Technology Development Fund(FDCT)for funding of the Macao Centre for Research and Development in Advanced Materials(2022-2024)(Nos.0026/2022/AMJ,0098/2020/A2 and 006/2022/ALC)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(No.2023A1515010765)+2 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen of China(Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Category C)(No.SGDX20220530111004028)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province of China(No.2023A0505030001)the School-level Research Projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology(No.xjr2023023).
文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)have undoubtedly become one of the most promising battery systems due to their high energy density and the cost-effectiveness of sulfur cathodes.However,challenges,such as the shuttle effect from soluble long-chain lithium polysulfides(LiPSs)and the low conductivity of active materials,hinder their commercialization.Under this circumstance,molybdenum sulfide(MoS_(2))has attracted widespread attention due to its unique physicochemical properties,particularly its capability to mitigate the shuttle effect in LSBs through electrostatic or chemical bonds.Nonetheless,the industrial application of MoS_(2)in LSBs is limited by the inertness of its basal surface and inadequate electron transfer properties.This review mainly introduces various modification strategies of MoS_(2)materials in LSBs and their effects on electrochemical and catalytic performance.Unlike previous reviews and related papers,detailed discussions were conducted on the specific mechanisms of each modification strategy,including(1)shape manipulation,(2)support engineering,(3)heterostructure engineering,(4)defect engineering,(5)interlayer engineering,(6)phase engineering,(7)strain engineering,(8)hybridization.Comprehensive conclusions and outlook on the development of MoS_(2)as an abundant electrocatalyst for LSBs are also discussed in the end.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,(Nos.82272151,82204318)Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(No.XLYC2203083)+2 种基金Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program(No.RC220389)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(No.GZC20231732)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Nos.2023TQ0222,2023MD744229).
文摘Self-assembled prodrug nanomedicine has emerged as an advanced platform for antitumor therapy,mainly comprise drug modules,response modules and modification modules.However,existing studies usually compare the differences between single types of modification modules,neglecting the impact of steric-hindrance effect caused by chemical structure.Herein,single-tailed modification module with low-steric-hindrance effect and two-tailed modification module with high-steric-hindrance effect were selected to construct paclitaxel prodrugs(P-LA_(C18)and P-BAC18),and the in-depth insights of the sterichindrance effect on prodrug nanoassemblies were explored.Notably,the size stability of the two-tailed prodrugs was enhanced due to improved intermolecular interactions and steric hindrance.Single-tailed prodrug nanoassemblies were more susceptible to attack by redox agents,showing faster drug release and stronger antitumor efficacy,but with poorer safety.In contrast,two-tailed prodrug nanoassemblies exhibited significant advantages in terms of pharmacokinetics,tumor accumulation and safety due to the good size stability,thus ensuring equivalent antitumor efficacy at tolerance dose.These findings highlighted the critical role of steric-hindrance effect of the modification module in regulating the structureactivity relationship of prodrug nanoassemblies and proposed new perspectives into the precise design of self-assembled prodrugs for high-performance cancer therapeutics.
基金supported by Hibah Penelitian Fundamental Reguler Kementerian Pendidikan,Kebudayaan,Riset dan Teknologi under funding year of 2024 with contract number:051/E5/PG.02.00.PL/2024NKB-903/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2024.
文摘Food packaging is becoming popular as the consumption of ready-to-eat food products rises.Easyto-use,non-biodegradable plastic packaging is commonly used in food packaging,contributing to the deteriorating environmental situation.This issue increases the concern for the environment and encourages the usage of alternative materials.Cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)are abundant and biodegradable,which makes them ideal candidates to replace plastic coatings.The ability to form H-bonds between the hydroxyl groups makes coated paper with CNF have good strength,but poor barrier properties.The barrier properties can be improved by grafting DMAEMA or HEMA onto CNF(CNF-g-PDMAEMA and CNF-g-PHEMA,respectively).Thus,the objective of this study was to modify CNF chemically to enhance the barrier properties of the food packaging paper.It was found that paper coated with CNFg-PDMAEMA and CNF-g-PHEMA exhibited improvements in mechanical and barrier properties while maintaining the desired viscosity for the coating process.The water contact angle increased for paper coated with CNF-g-PHEMA and CNF-g-PDMAEMA,reaching a maximum of 97.51°and 92.58°,respectively with the decreasing Cobb_(60) values by 49% and 11%.The oil absorption was also reduced for both coated papers compared to the blank paper.Mechanical properties improved,as indicated by a 3% increase in tensile strength for paper coated with CNF-g-PHEMA and a 5% for paper coated with CNF-g-PDMAEMA.The results indicated significant potential for the application of modified CNF in coatings for food packaging paper.Noteworthy,the grafting process should be improved to enhance the mechanical and barrier properties of the coated paper.
文摘Pectin is a natural polysaccharide with a complex structure consisting of linear and branched regions rich in galacturonic acid.The growing interest in orange peel pectin can be attributed to its abundant supply.According to statistics,about 10 million tons of orange peel waste are produced worldwide each year.Traditionally,the extraction and utilization of pectin have focused on its gelling,thickening,and stabilizing properties in food.However,as more and more research teams have found that pectin has good biocompatibility,biodegradability and easy chemical modification,its potential in drug delivery systems,tissue engineering,and wound healing is gradually being explored.This review focuses on orange peel pectin polysaccharides and discusses its traditional and modern extraction techniques,especially the advanced method of subcritical water extraction.This study also outlines the structural modifications of pectin such as methylation and acetylation,and introduces its antioxidant and anticancer biological activities and their emerging roles in the development of advanced biomaterials such as bone tissue engineering and fibre pad dressings.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82030071(to JH),82272495(to YC)Science and Technology Major Project of Changsha,No.kh2103008(to JH)Graduate Students’Independent Innovative Projects of Hunan Province,No.CX20230311(to YJ)。
文摘Spinal cord injury typically causes corticospinal tract disruption.Although the disrupted corticospinal tract can self-regenerate to a certain degree,the underlying mechanism of this process is still unclear.N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)modifications are the most common form of epigenetic regulation at the RNA level and play an essential role in biological processes.However,whether m^(6)A modifications participate in corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury remains unknown.We found that expression of methyltransferase 14 protein(METTL14)in the locomotor cortex was high after spinal cord injury and accompanied by elevated m^(6)A levels.Knockdown of Mettl14 in the locomotor cortex was not favorable for corticospinal tract regeneration and neurological recovery after spinal cord injury.Through bioinformatics analysis and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-quantitative polymerase chain reaction,we found that METTL14 regulated Trib2 expression in an m^(6)A-regulated manner,thereby activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and promoting corticospinal tract regeneration.Finally,we administered syringin,a stabilizer of METTL14,using molecular docking.Results confirmed that syringin can promote corticospinal tract regeneration and facilitate neurological recovery by stabilizing METTL14.Findings from this study reveal that m^(6)A modification is involved in the regulation of corticospinal tract regeneration after spinal cord injury.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21927810,22336004 and 22176167).
文摘RNA modifications play vital regulatory roles in biological systems.Dysregulated RNA modifications themselves or their regulators are associated with various diseases,including cancers and immune related diseases.However,to the best of our knowledge,RNA modifications in peripheral white blood cells(immune cells)have not been systematically investigated before.Here we utilized hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HILIC-MS/MS)for the quantification of 19 chemical modifications in total RNA and 17 chemical modifications in small RNA in peripheral white blood cells from breast cancer patients and healthy controls.We found out 13 RNA modifications were up-regulated in total RNA samples of breast cancer patients.For small RNA samples,only N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)was down-regulated in breast cancer patients(P<0.0001).Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves analysis showed that N4-acetylcytidine(ac^(4)C)in total RNA had an area under curve(AUC)value of 0.833,and m^(6)A in small RNA had an AUC value of 0.994.Our results further illustrated that RNA modifications may play vital roles in immune cell biology of breast cancer,and may act as novel biomarkers for the diagnosis of breast cancer.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Grant No.22209075。
文摘Single crystalline nickel rich Li[Ni_(x)Co_(y)Mn_(1-x–y)]O_(2)(SCNCM)layered oxide cathodes show higher ionic conductivity and better structure integrity than polycrystalline NCM(PCNCM)cathodes by eliminating grain boundaries.However,it remains challenges in the controlled synthesis process and restricted cycling stability of SCNCM.Herein,take single crystalline nickel rich Li[Ni_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)]O_(2)(SC811)as an example,a dual molten salts(LiOH and Li_(2)SO_(4))assisted secondary calcination method is proposed,for which LiOH salt improves primary crystal size and Li_(2)SO_(4)prevents the aggravation of NCM nanocrystals.To further reduce the interfacial side reactions,Mg-doping and B-coating surface modification was carried out,which effectively suppress anisotropic lattice changes and Li/Ni disorder.In addition,a thin and uniform H_(3)BO_(3)coating effectively prevents direct contact between the electrode and electrolyte,thus reducing harmful parasitic reactions.The single crystal structure engineering and surface modification strategy of oxide layered cathodes significantly improve the cycling stability of the modified SC811 cathode.For example,during a long-term cycling of 470 cycles,a high-capacity retention of 74.2%obtained at 1C rate.Our work provides a new strategy for engineering high energy nickel rich layered oxide NCM cathodes.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grants 52202025 and U23A20559)Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(Grant 2022CFB629)+1 种基金"The 14^(th)Five-Year Plan"Hubei Provincial Advantaged Characteristic Disciplines(Groups)Project of Wuhan University of Science and Technology(2023A0307).
文摘Mgo-Cao refractories are widely used in the iron and steel metalurgy industry due to their advantages of purifying molten steel,high refractoriness,good thermal shock resistance,and excellent corrosion resistance to basic slags.However,hydration occurs during the manufacturing,storage,and transportation of refractories,which severely limits their application.Mgo-CaO clinker is the main raw material for Mgo-Cao refractories,and its hydration resistance determines the development of the latter case.Herein,the Mgo-Cao clinker was modified using myristic acid as the modifying agent by the liquid-phase deposition method.The effects of the particle size of the raw materials,concentration of myristic acid,treatment temperature and time on the phase composition and hydration resistance of the modified Mgo-Cao clinkers were investigated in detail.The results show that the samples with an agent concentration of 0.25 mol L^(-1) and treated at 25℃ for 1 h exhibit the optimal hydration resistance properties,namely a low hydration mass gain rate(0.23%)and a large water contact angle(152.9).
