Multi-functional smart textiles are receiving a lot of attention for their tremendous application devel-opment in the fields of personal thermal management,artificial muscle,electronic skin,and human-machine interacti...Multi-functional smart textiles are receiving a lot of attention for their tremendous application devel-opment in the fields of personal thermal management,artificial muscle,electronic skin,and human-machine interaction.For the complex use of many different smart textiles,designing a multifunctional textile that integrates personal thermal management,smart sensing,and flexible actuating is still a great challenge.Here,we decorated MXene on elastic fabrics by simple dip-coating and asymmetric Ecoflex encapsulation protocol to obtain electrical/optical dual-energy-driven wearable heaters with highly re-sponsive actuating and strain-sensing performance.The MXene fabric-based heaters(MFHs)have high efficiency of Joule heating(Steady state temperature of 116.7℃ at 12 V)and photothermal conversion performance(180.3℃ in 60 s under the near infrared lamp irradiation,up to 57.5℃ under 600 W m^(-2) simulated solar irradiation).Benefiting from high electrical/optical dual-energy conversion efficiency,MFH has a fast photothermal driving effect(bending angle up to 360°in 5 s)due to the different curvature of thermal expansion on both sides of the fabric.Interestingly,MFH has the capability to monitor human strain(such as muscle and joint movements).Based on the above excellent performance,we finally be-lieve that the MFHs have broad application prospects in the fields of all-weather body heat management,health monitoring,thermal health care,and thermal robotics.展开更多
The design and manufacturing of microchannels are crucial aspects of modern micro/nanomanufacturing processes,offering a versatile platform for manipulating and driving micro/nanoparticles or cells.In this study,we pr...The design and manufacturing of microchannels are crucial aspects of modern micro/nanomanufacturing processes,offering a versatile platform for manipulating and driving micro/nanoparticles or cells.In this study,we propose a method for manufacturing microchannels using optically induced dielectrophoresis technology to induce the polymerization of polyethylene glycol diacrylate solution.To overcome limitations related to the light intensity energy and the size of intact microchannels,we design and manufacture microstructures of various shapes with a height of 4µm.Additionally,we simulate and analyze the movement of and forces acting on polystyrene(PS)microspheres at different spatial positions within the microchannels.Finally,we successfully demonstrate applications involving the transport of PS microspheres in custom-fabricated microchannels.This novel biocompatible microchannel manufacturing method is simple and non-biotoxic.It provides a new approach for simulating physiological environments in vitro and cultivating and manipulating cells.展开更多
The features of optical defects in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthetic type Ⅱ a diamond were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, before and after electron irradiation. The sample was cut ...The features of optical defects in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthetic type Ⅱ a diamond were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, before and after electron irradiation. The sample was cut within a {100} growth layer, and irradiated with 2 MeV electrons along the <100> axis. PL spectra of sample were collected under 532 nm and 355 nm laser excitation, at room temperature and 77 K, and linear scanning analysis along incident depth was applied to determine the distribution of defects. The pre-irradiation characterization results revealed uniformly distributed PL centers at 389 nm, 469 nm, 533 nm, 575 nm (ZPL of NV 0), 637 nm (ZPL of NV -), and 736.7/737.1 nm (ZPL doublet of SiV -). After irradiation, the differential responses of these as-grown defects were observed, alongside the emergence of irradiation-induced defects, namely 489 nm center, H3 center (ZPL at 504 nm) and GR1 center (ZPL at 741 nm). The maximum penetration depth of 2 MeV electron-irradiation induced defects was determined to be 2.1 mm. This work primarily presents the depth profiles of both as-grown and irradiation-induced defects in 2 MeV electrons irradiated diamond. The result provides experimental data for better understanding of the radiation effect in diamonds. Serving as a reference for diamond enhancement by electron irradiation.展开更多
Density functional theory(DFT)studies were performed on the lattice parameters,electronic band structure,and optical constants under pressure up to 20 GPa in order to obtain insight into the electronic and optical pro...Density functional theory(DFT)studies were performed on the lattice parameters,electronic band structure,and optical constants under pressure up to 20 GPa in order to obtain insight into the electronic and optical properties of LiZnAs.The calculated results show LiZnAs is a semiconductor with a direct gap of 0.86 eV,which is smaller than the experimental value 1.1 eV.It also indicates that the structural parameters such as lattice parameters and cell volume show inverse relation to the pressure and shows smooth decreasing behavior from 0 to 20 GPa.Meanwhile,the pressure dependence of the electronic band structure,density of states and partial density of states of LiZnAs up to 20 GPa were presented.And we found that the band gap increased with the pressure.Moreover,the evolution of the dielectric function,absorption coefficient a(w),reflectivity R(w),the refractive index n(w),and the extinction coefficient k(w)of LiZnAs under pressure were presented.According to our work,we found that the optical properties of LiZnAs undergo a blue shift with increasing pressure.These results suggest technological applications of such materials in extreme environments.展开更多
Electron cyclotron emission imaging(ECEI)is a critical diagnostic tool for measuring two-dimensional electron temperature fluctuations.The optical system,a key component of the ECEI diagnostic,determines the spatial r...Electron cyclotron emission imaging(ECEI)is a critical diagnostic tool for measuring two-dimensional electron temperature fluctuations.The optical system,a key component of the ECEI diagnostic,determines the spatial resolution,field of view,and imaging performance of electron temperature fluctuations.In this study,comprehensive laboratory tests and characterizations of the optical system,including the local oscillator(LO)coupling optics and the radio frequency(RF)receiving optics,were conducted to ensure optimal performance during plasma discharge experiments.Laboratory testing of the LO optics revealed that the light intensity at the edge channels reaches 36%of that at the central channels;however,both are sufficient to effectively drive the down-converted mixers.The RF optics focus covers the entire non-harmonic overlap region,corresponding to a normalized plasma minor radius range of ρ=−0.2 to 0.9,and offers three zoom modes:narrow,medium,and wide,with poloidal resolutions of 1.5 cm,1.8 cm,and 2.1 cm,respectively.The characterizations for these zoom modes align well with the optical design specifications.It was observed that the imaging surfaces of all zoom modes are exceptionally flat,indicating high-quality ECEI measurements with excellent spatial resolution.The LO lens,focusing lens,and zoom adjustment lens are capable of remote independent control,which enhances the operational flexibility of the system.Preliminary analyses conducted with the ECEI system successfully captured the two-dimensional structure and spatiotemporal evolution of phenomena such as sawtooth crashes,demonstrating the robust capability of the system to provide valuable insights into plasma dynamics.展开更多
A high-entropy matrix with highly polarizable elements sharing a rare-earth element at the same crystallographic site was designed using the chemical formula Ba_(1/5)Pb_(1/5)Sr_(1/5)RE_(1/5)K_(1/5)TiO_(3)(BPSREKTO),wh...A high-entropy matrix with highly polarizable elements sharing a rare-earth element at the same crystallographic site was designed using the chemical formula Ba_(1/5)Pb_(1/5)Sr_(1/5)RE_(1/5)K_(1/5)TiO_(3)(BPSREKTO),where rare-earth(RE)=La,Nb,Sm,Gd,Dy,Ho,Y,and Lu.Single-phase stability was observed only in the BPSREKTO with RE=La,Nd,and Sm high-entropy compounds.The crystal structure,optical properties,and ferroelectric nature of the single-phase ceramic compounds were investigated.Elemental and structural analyses revealed that all the cations were homogeneously distributed in a global centrosymmetric cubic structure(S.G.Pm3m).Optical absorption showed that the RE=Nd compound is more photoactive in the 200-1000 nm wavelength range,unlike the RE=La,Sm high-entropy compounds.The introduction of RE elements in high-entropy ceramic(HEC)systems affects the indirect bandgap of BPSREKTO with RE=La,Nd,and Sm.It was also found that cationic disorder increases the Urbach energy,leading to a decrease in the indirect energy bandgap in the HEC compound compared to the homologue BaTiO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) single-phase.The dielectric spectra show a broad peak in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss,which are shifted in temperatures with increasing frequencies due to a relaxor ferroelectric transition typical of the diffuse phase transitions.This relaxor behavior was unexpected,because the global crystal structure was centrosymmetric,implying an increase in the number of polar nanoregions(PNRs).These PNRs coexisting with non-polar regions(NPRs)were observed using piezo-force microscopy.Furthermore,the slim polarization loop confirmed the relaxor behavior of BPSREKTO with RE=La,Nd,and Sm.These ferroelectric features make these RE-modified HEC materials good candidates for high-energy storage applications.展开更多
Thework presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds.Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density f...Thework presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds.Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density functional theory accounting for spin-orbit coupling.These compounds are computed to be semiconductors.The calculated gap values make ScNiBi and YNiBi valid for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications and as selective filters.In ScNiBi and YNiBi,an intense peak at the energy of−2 eV is composed of theNi 3d states in the conduction band,and the valence band mostly contains these states with some contributions from the Bi 6p and Sc 3d or Y 4d electronic states.These states participate in the formation of the indirect gap of 0.16 eV(ScNiBi)and 0.18 eV(YNiBi).Within the spectral ellipsometry technique in the interval 0.22–15μm of wavelength,the optical functions of materials are studied,and their dispersion features are revealed.A good matching of the experimental and modeled optical conductivity spectra allowed us to analyze orbital contributions.The abnormally low optical absorption observed in the low-energy region of the spectrum is referred to as the results of band calculations indicating a small density of electronic states near the Fermi energy of these complex materials.展开更多
Photoelectrochemical(PEC)photodetectors(PDs)enabling high sensitivity/stability and self-powered operation in undersea weak-light environments is significant to the development of underwater optical communication(UOC)...Photoelectrochemical(PEC)photodetectors(PDs)enabling high sensitivity/stability and self-powered operation in undersea weak-light environments is significant to the development of underwater optical communication(UOC)application.However,to date,the UOC system based on weak light-driven PEC PDs has rarely been investigated,primarily due to the lack of functional material and relevant heterojunction photoelectrodes with efficient weak light harvesting,fast response time and high stability.Herein,we introduced the Al doping in colloidal CuInS2(CIS)quantum dots(QDs)to suppress the non-radiative recombination and induce the self-oxidation Al2O3 protective layer for largely enhanced photo-/chemical stability.The prepared Al-doped CIS QDs were used to decorate BiVO4(BVO)as photoelectrodes for the fabrication of PEC PD devices,which delivered a maximum responsivity of 1 A·W^(−1),a detectivity of 1.02×10^(12)Jones,fast response time(26/25 ms)and ultrastable long-term stability(performance nearly unchanged after 36-hour stability test),thus demonstrating the UOC application even under a weak-light intensity of 0.14 mW·cm^(−2).The results manifest the potential of rationally designed QDs/metal oxide photoelectrode to achieve highly efficient and stable PEC PDs for next-generation weak-light UOC applications.展开更多
This study investigates the physical properties of the rare earth XFes(X=Sm,Dy,or Nd)materials.Our analysis encompasses these compounds'structural,electronic,thermodynamic,and optical characteristics using density...This study investigates the physical properties of the rare earth XFes(X=Sm,Dy,or Nd)materials.Our analysis encompasses these compounds'structural,electronic,thermodynamic,and optical characteristics using density functional theory(DFT)as implemented in the Wien2k software package.The GGA+SOC+U method was employed to determine the exchange-correlation potential.Our results show that the XFes materials exhibit metallic behavior and exhibit ferromagnetic(FM)phases.Notably,our optical analysis reveals a strong absorption response in the UV region,with characteristic absorption curves and peak intensities varying across the different materials.We also investigated the thermodynamic properties of the materials,finding that the entropy increases exponentially with temperature as the materials transition from a ground state to a more disordered and amorphous state.Our thermodynamic results show that the Debye temperature decreases for all three materials,with DyFes exhibiting the highest Debye temperature at 0 K(307 K),followed by NdFes(298 K),and then SmFes(288 K).This indicates that each material has a unique thermal energy barrier to overcome before vibrations occur.As the temperature increases,the Debye temperature decreases,reflecting a decrease in the thermal energy required to induce vibrations.The differences in Debye temperature values between the three materials may suggest differences in their lattice structures or phonon properties,highlighting the importance of understanding these thermal properties for developing new materials and technologies.展开更多
This study was conducted to investigate the properties of Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)doped Zn_(2)Y-type hexaferrite for potential technological applications.X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and ...This study was conducted to investigate the properties of Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)doped Zn_(2)Y-type hexaferrite for potential technological applications.X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)were used to analyze structural properties.The crystallite size in the synthesized samples varies between 57.54 and 68.57 nm.The vibrational bands at 400 and 600 cm^(-1),common to all hexaferrites,were confirmed through FTIR.The FESEM analysis reveals an agglomeration of magnetic grains and a decrease in the average grain size from 1.24 to1.06μm.The M-H loops show that,with x values of 0.0,0.1,and 0.2,the saturation magnetization is determined to be 34.76,34.23,and 32.52 emu/g,respectively.The corresponding coercivity values are21.24,30.39,and 33.99 Oe.UV-visible spectroscopy using Tauc theory reveals an increase in the optical band gap from 2.32 to 2.50 eV,indicating a tunable energy band structure by incorporating Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)ions.The dielectric constant increases,whereas AC conductivity decreases with increased Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)concentration.The obtained results suggest the potential suitability of these materials for various technological applications.展开更多
The main focus of this work is to study the effect of the ionic radius of different rare earth dopant cations RE^(3+)(RE=La,Sm,Dy,and Ho) on structural and various physical properties of sodium bismuth titanate(Na_(0....The main focus of this work is to study the effect of the ionic radius of different rare earth dopant cations RE^(3+)(RE=La,Sm,Dy,and Ho) on structural and various physical properties of sodium bismuth titanate(Na_(0.5)B_(0.5)TiO_(3),NBT) based perovskite nanomaterials.The X-ray diffraction data indicate the successful formation of the rhombohedral phase(space group R3c) of NBT nano perovskite incorporated with various rare earth ions in Bi-site.The lattice parameters were found to increase linearly with the ionic radius of the dopant cation.The ionic radii and atomic mass of rare earth dopants appear to be essential factors in the grain growth of the prepared compositions.The grain growth results in better crystallinity of the sample by reducing the microstrain with the increase of dopant ionic radius.Field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra confirm the prepared compositions' phase purity and stoichiometry.The UV-Vis spectra reveal that La-doped NBT composition exhibits the lowest optical band gap,which unfolds the application of NBT-based perovskite as photoactive material.The ac conductivity and complex impedance spectra unveil that the composition with the largest ionic radius,i.e.,La-doped NBT compound,exhibits the highest dc and bulk conductivity with the lowest activation energy.The frequency-dependent dielectric data follows Havriliak-Negami(HN) formalism and non-Debye type relaxation phenomena.Results also indicate that La-doped NBT composition exhibits the highest dielectric strength value.Thus,this study first elaborates that the increasing ionic radius of the rare earth dopant cation in the Bi-site of NBT perovskite improves its microstructural,optical,and electrical properties.展开更多
Thin transparent oxide conducting films(TCOFs)of titanium and gallium substituted zinc oxide(TGZO)were fabricated via radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering technique.The effects of RF power on electrical,linear and ...Thin transparent oxide conducting films(TCOFs)of titanium and gallium substituted zinc oxide(TGZO)were fabricated via radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering technique.The effects of RF power on electrical,linear and nonlinear optical characteristics were investigated by Hall tester,Ultraviolet(UV)-visible spectrophotometer and optical characterization method.The results indicate that RF power significantly influences the electrical and optical properties of the deposited films.As RF power raises,the resistivity and Urbach energy fall initially and then rise,while the figure of merit,mean visible transmittance and optical bandgap show the reverse variation trend.At RF power of 190 W,the TGZO sample exhibits the highest electro-optical properties,with the maximum figure of merit(1.14×10^(4)Ω^(-1)∙cm^(-1)),mean visible transmittance(86.9%)and optical bandgap(3.50 eV),the minimum resistivity(6.26×10^(-4)Ω∙cm)and Urbach energy(174.23 meV).In addition,the optical constants of the deposited films were determined by the optical spectrum fitting method,and the RF power dependence of nonlinear optical properties was studied.It is observed that all the thin films exhibit normal dispersion characteristics in the visible region,and the nonlinear optical parameters are greatly affected by the RF power in the ultraviolet region.展开更多
In this manuscript, we are reporting structural, bonding, optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of Gd-doped ZnO composite samples (Zn<sub>1</sub><sub>−</sub><sub>x</sub>Gd&...In this manuscript, we are reporting structural, bonding, optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of Gd-doped ZnO composite samples (Zn<sub>1</sub><sub>−</sub><sub>x</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>O, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10) prepared by solid-state reaction method. XRD spectra confirm the wurtzite hexagonal phase with a grain size distribution of 42 - 47 nm. The FT-IR spectra confirm bonding behavior like Zn-O, O=C=O, and O-H stretching modes. FESEM micrographs show that the grains of crystallites possess nearly spherical morphology. Optical absorption spectra confirm that the optical band gap decreases systematically from 3.19 eV to 3.15 eV for x = 0.0 to x = 0.10 samples. For all samples, PL spectra exhibited near-band emission, blue emission, and green emission peaks. The dielectric constant decreases as the applied frequency increases. Hall effect results show that with increasing doping concentration of Gd, mobility and resistivity increase while bulk concentration decreases. Current-Voltage study shows that current increases when temperature is increased. Rare earth-doped ZnO is potential material used for optoelectronics and spintronics device applications. Properties of Gd-doped ZnO are studied by various research groups, but dielectric studies are limitedly reported. Therefore, the present research work aims to study the change of electrical, optical, and dielectric properties of Gd-doped ZnO for device applications.展开更多
Two-dimensional （2D） metamaterials are considered to be of enormous relevance to the progress of all exact sciences. Since the discovery of graphene, researchers have increasingly investigated in depth the details o...Two-dimensional （2D） metamaterials are considered to be of enormous relevance to the progress of all exact sciences. Since the discovery of graphene, researchers have increasingly investigated in depth the details of electrical/optical proper- ties pertinent to other 2D metamaterials, including those relating to the silicene. In this review are included the details and comparisons of the atomic structures, energy diagram bands, substrates, charge densities, charge mobilities, conductivities, absorptions, electrical permittivities, dispersion relations of the wave vectors, and supported electromagnetic modes related to graphene and silicene. Hence, this review can help readers to acquire, recover or increase the necessary technological basis for the development of more specific studies on graphene and silicene.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic im...BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management strategies.Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated damage.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.AIM To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.METHODS This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy controls.Macular vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using OCTA.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls.NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls.NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes.On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.CONCLUSION Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.展开更多
Liquid crystal Pacharatnam-Berry phase optical elements(PBOEs)have found promising applications in augmented reality and virtual reality because of their slim formfactor,lightweight,and high optical efficiency.However...Liquid crystal Pacharatnam-Berry phase optical elements(PBOEs)have found promising applications in augmented reality and virtual reality because of their slim formfactor,lightweight,and high optical efficiency.However,chromatic aberration remains a serious longstanding problem for diffractive optics,hindering their broader adoption.To overcome the chromatic aberrations for red,green and blue(RGB)light sources,in this paper,we propose a counterintuitive multi-twist structure to achieve narrowband PBOEs without crosstalk,which plays a vital role to eliminate the chromatic aberration.The performance of our designed and fabricated narrowband Pacharatnam-Berry lenses(PBLs)aligns well with our simulation results.Furthermore,in a feasibility demonstration experiment using a laser projector,our proposed PBL system indeed exhibits a diminished chromatic aberration as compared to a broadband PBL.Additionally,polarization raytracing is implemented to demonstrate the versatility of the multi-twist structure for designing any RGB wavelengths with high contrast ratios.This analysis explores the feasibility of using RGB laser lines and quantum dot light-emitting diodes.Overall,our approach enables high optical efficiency,low fabrication complexity,and high degree of design freedom to accommodate any liquid crystal material and RGB light sources,holding immense potential for widespread applications of achromatic PBOEs.展开更多
Optical network-on-chip(ONoC) systems have emerged as a promising solution to overcome limitations of traditional electronic interconnects. Efficient ONoC architectures rely on optical routers, enabling high-speed dat...Optical network-on-chip(ONoC) systems have emerged as a promising solution to overcome limitations of traditional electronic interconnects. Efficient ONoC architectures rely on optical routers, enabling high-speed data transfer, efficient routing, and scalability. This paper presents a comprehensive survey analyzing optical router designs, specifically microring resonators(MRRs), Mach-Zehnder interferometers(MZIs), and hybrid architectures. Selected comparison criteria, chosen for their critical importance, significantly impact router functionality and performance. By emphasizing these criteria, valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of different designs are gained, facilitating informed decisions and advancements in optical networking. While other factors contribute to performance and efficiency, the chosen criteria consistently address fundamental elements, enabling meaningful evaluation. This work serves as a valuable resource for beginners, providing a solid foundation in understanding ONoC and optical routers. It also offers an in-depth survey for experts, laying the groundwork for further exploration. Additionally, the importance of considering design constraints and requirements when selecting an optimal router design is highlighted. Continued research and innovation will enable the development of efficient optical router solutions that meet the evolving needs of modern computing systems. This survey underscores the significance of ongoing advancements in the field and their potential impact on future technologies.展开更多
In this study,we developed a single-beam optical trap-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)optofluidic molecular fingerprint spectroscopy detection system.This system utilizes a single-beam optical trap to con...In this study,we developed a single-beam optical trap-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)optofluidic molecular fingerprint spectroscopy detection system.This system utilizes a single-beam optical trap to concentrate free silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)within an optofluidic chip,significantly enhancing SERS performance.We investigated the optical field distribution characteristics within the tapered fiber using COMSOL simulation software and established a MATLAB simulation model to validate the single-beam optical trap's effectiveness in capturing AgNPs,demonstrating the theoretical feasibility of our approach.To verify the particle capture efficacy of the system,we experimentally controlled the optical trap's on-off state to manage the capture and release of particles precisely.The experimental results indicated that the Raman signal intensity in the capture state was significantly higher than in the non-capture state,confirming that the single-beam optical trap effectively enhances the SERS detection capability of the optofluidic detection system.Furthermore,we employed Raman mapping techniques to investigate the impact of the capture area on the SERS effect,revealing that the spectral intensity of molecular fingerprints in the laser-trapping region is significantly improved.We successfully detected the Raman spectrum of crystal violet at a concentration of 10^(−9)mol/L and pesticide thiram at a concentration of 10^(−5)mol/L,further demonstrating the ability of the single-beam optical trap in enhancing the molecular fingerprint spectrum identification capability of the SERS optofluidic chips.The optical trapping SERS optofluidic detection system developed in this study,as a key component of an integrated optoelectronic sensing system,holds the potential for integration with portable high-power lasers and high-performance Raman spectrometers.This integration is expected to advance highly integrated technologies and significantly enhance the overall performance and portability of optoelectronic sensing systems.展开更多
The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled p...The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled phased array antenna system is a necessary trend for the future development of the phased array,and it is also a major focus and difficulty in the current research of integrated microwave photonics.This paper firstly introduces the basic principle and development history of optical true time delay phased array antenna system based on microwave photonics,and briefly introduces the main implementation methods and integration platform of optical true time delay.Then,the application and development prospect of optical true time delay technology in beam control of phased array antenna system are mainly presented.Finally,according to the current research progress,the possible research directions of integrated optically controlled phased array antenna systems in the future are proposed.展开更多
High-finesse optical reference cavities are essential tools for fundamental research.In response to China’s historical reliance on importing high-finesse optical reference cavities,we successfully developed a cavity ...High-finesse optical reference cavities are essential tools for fundamental research.In response to China’s historical reliance on importing high-finesse optical reference cavities,we successfully developed a cavity using ultralow expansion glass(ULE)materials and processed it entirely in China.Using the method of measuring the cavity linewidth,a finesse of approximately 480000 was obtained in our experiments.We adopted a relatively simple and effective approach to test the optical reference cavity,which involved measuring the resonant points using an ultrastable laser.Remarkably,an expansion coefficient of the Chinese ULE optical reference cavity reached up to the order of 10^(-9)/K within the temperature range of 27℃to 40℃,with the zero expansion point occurring at approximately 34oC.These findings demonstrate China’s independent capability to develop high-finesse optical reference cavities,which is a significant advancement in precision optics.展开更多
基金the Key Research and Development Program of the Science and Technology Bureau of Ningbo City(Grant No.2023Z082)supported by the Major scientific and technologic project of Fuzhou Science and Technology Project Plan(No.2022-ZD-007)+2 种基金by the Jiangxi Provincial Administration for Market Regulation(No.GSJK202221)by the Natural Science Foundation Project of Shanghai“science and technology innovation action plan”(Nos.20ZR1400200 and 22ZR1400500)supported by Project(No.Grant52173218)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,and funded by Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Advanced Textiles.
文摘Multi-functional smart textiles are receiving a lot of attention for their tremendous application devel-opment in the fields of personal thermal management,artificial muscle,electronic skin,and human-machine interaction.For the complex use of many different smart textiles,designing a multifunctional textile that integrates personal thermal management,smart sensing,and flexible actuating is still a great challenge.Here,we decorated MXene on elastic fabrics by simple dip-coating and asymmetric Ecoflex encapsulation protocol to obtain electrical/optical dual-energy-driven wearable heaters with highly re-sponsive actuating and strain-sensing performance.The MXene fabric-based heaters(MFHs)have high efficiency of Joule heating(Steady state temperature of 116.7℃ at 12 V)and photothermal conversion performance(180.3℃ in 60 s under the near infrared lamp irradiation,up to 57.5℃ under 600 W m^(-2) simulated solar irradiation).Benefiting from high electrical/optical dual-energy conversion efficiency,MFH has a fast photothermal driving effect(bending angle up to 360°in 5 s)due to the different curvature of thermal expansion on both sides of the fabric.Interestingly,MFH has the capability to monitor human strain(such as muscle and joint movements).Based on the above excellent performance,we finally be-lieve that the MFHs have broad application prospects in the fields of all-weather body heat management,health monitoring,thermal health care,and thermal robotics.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Project No.62273289)The Youth Innovation Science and Technology Support Program of Shandong Province(Project No.2022KJ274)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2024MF007)Graduate Innovation Foundation of Yantai University,GIFYTU.
文摘The design and manufacturing of microchannels are crucial aspects of modern micro/nanomanufacturing processes,offering a versatile platform for manipulating and driving micro/nanoparticles or cells.In this study,we propose a method for manufacturing microchannels using optically induced dielectrophoresis technology to induce the polymerization of polyethylene glycol diacrylate solution.To overcome limitations related to the light intensity energy and the size of intact microchannels,we design and manufacture microstructures of various shapes with a height of 4µm.Additionally,we simulate and analyze the movement of and forces acting on polystyrene(PS)microspheres at different spatial positions within the microchannels.Finally,we successfully demonstrate applications involving the transport of PS microspheres in custom-fabricated microchannels.This novel biocompatible microchannel manufacturing method is simple and non-biotoxic.It provides a new approach for simulating physiological environments in vitro and cultivating and manipulating cells.
基金This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42372054)。
文摘The features of optical defects in a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) synthetic type Ⅱ a diamond were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, before and after electron irradiation. The sample was cut within a {100} growth layer, and irradiated with 2 MeV electrons along the <100> axis. PL spectra of sample were collected under 532 nm and 355 nm laser excitation, at room temperature and 77 K, and linear scanning analysis along incident depth was applied to determine the distribution of defects. The pre-irradiation characterization results revealed uniformly distributed PL centers at 389 nm, 469 nm, 533 nm, 575 nm (ZPL of NV 0), 637 nm (ZPL of NV -), and 736.7/737.1 nm (ZPL doublet of SiV -). After irradiation, the differential responses of these as-grown defects were observed, alongside the emergence of irradiation-induced defects, namely 489 nm center, H3 center (ZPL at 504 nm) and GR1 center (ZPL at 741 nm). The maximum penetration depth of 2 MeV electron-irradiation induced defects was determined to be 2.1 mm. This work primarily presents the depth profiles of both as-grown and irradiation-induced defects in 2 MeV electrons irradiated diamond. The result provides experimental data for better understanding of the radiation effect in diamonds. Serving as a reference for diamond enhancement by electron irradiation.
文摘Density functional theory(DFT)studies were performed on the lattice parameters,electronic band structure,and optical constants under pressure up to 20 GPa in order to obtain insight into the electronic and optical properties of LiZnAs.The calculated results show LiZnAs is a semiconductor with a direct gap of 0.86 eV,which is smaller than the experimental value 1.1 eV.It also indicates that the structural parameters such as lattice parameters and cell volume show inverse relation to the pressure and shows smooth decreasing behavior from 0 to 20 GPa.Meanwhile,the pressure dependence of the electronic band structure,density of states and partial density of states of LiZnAs up to 20 GPa were presented.And we found that the band gap increased with the pressure.Moreover,the evolution of the dielectric function,absorption coefficient a(w),reflectivity R(w),the refractive index n(w),and the extinction coefficient k(w)of LiZnAs under pressure were presented.According to our work,we found that the optical properties of LiZnAs undergo a blue shift with increasing pressure.These results suggest technological applications of such materials in extreme environments.
基金partly supported by the National MCF Energy R&D Program of China(No.2022YFE03060003)partly by the Chinese National Fusion Project for ITER(No.2024YFE03190000)+2 种基金partly by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12405254)partly by the Innovation Program of Southwestern Institute of Physics(No.202301XWCX001-02)partly by Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023ZYD0014).
文摘Electron cyclotron emission imaging(ECEI)is a critical diagnostic tool for measuring two-dimensional electron temperature fluctuations.The optical system,a key component of the ECEI diagnostic,determines the spatial resolution,field of view,and imaging performance of electron temperature fluctuations.In this study,comprehensive laboratory tests and characterizations of the optical system,including the local oscillator(LO)coupling optics and the radio frequency(RF)receiving optics,were conducted to ensure optimal performance during plasma discharge experiments.Laboratory testing of the LO optics revealed that the light intensity at the edge channels reaches 36%of that at the central channels;however,both are sufficient to effectively drive the down-converted mixers.The RF optics focus covers the entire non-harmonic overlap region,corresponding to a normalized plasma minor radius range of ρ=−0.2 to 0.9,and offers three zoom modes:narrow,medium,and wide,with poloidal resolutions of 1.5 cm,1.8 cm,and 2.1 cm,respectively.The characterizations for these zoom modes align well with the optical design specifications.It was observed that the imaging surfaces of all zoom modes are exceptionally flat,indicating high-quality ECEI measurements with excellent spatial resolution.The LO lens,focusing lens,and zoom adjustment lens are capable of remote independent control,which enhances the operational flexibility of the system.Preliminary analyses conducted with the ECEI system successfully captured the two-dimensional structure and spatiotemporal evolution of phenomena such as sawtooth crashes,demonstrating the robust capability of the system to provide valuable insights into plasma dynamics.
基金the National Autonomous University of México(UNAM)through the Support Program for Technological Research and Innovation Projects(DGAPAPAPIIT),grants No.IN103623.
文摘A high-entropy matrix with highly polarizable elements sharing a rare-earth element at the same crystallographic site was designed using the chemical formula Ba_(1/5)Pb_(1/5)Sr_(1/5)RE_(1/5)K_(1/5)TiO_(3)(BPSREKTO),where rare-earth(RE)=La,Nb,Sm,Gd,Dy,Ho,Y,and Lu.Single-phase stability was observed only in the BPSREKTO with RE=La,Nd,and Sm high-entropy compounds.The crystal structure,optical properties,and ferroelectric nature of the single-phase ceramic compounds were investigated.Elemental and structural analyses revealed that all the cations were homogeneously distributed in a global centrosymmetric cubic structure(S.G.Pm3m).Optical absorption showed that the RE=Nd compound is more photoactive in the 200-1000 nm wavelength range,unlike the RE=La,Sm high-entropy compounds.The introduction of RE elements in high-entropy ceramic(HEC)systems affects the indirect bandgap of BPSREKTO with RE=La,Nd,and Sm.It was also found that cationic disorder increases the Urbach energy,leading to a decrease in the indirect energy bandgap in the HEC compound compared to the homologue BaTiO_(3)/SrTiO_(3) single-phase.The dielectric spectra show a broad peak in the dielectric constant and dielectric loss,which are shifted in temperatures with increasing frequencies due to a relaxor ferroelectric transition typical of the diffuse phase transitions.This relaxor behavior was unexpected,because the global crystal structure was centrosymmetric,implying an increase in the number of polar nanoregions(PNRs).These PNRs coexisting with non-polar regions(NPRs)were observed using piezo-force microscopy.Furthermore,the slim polarization loop confirmed the relaxor behavior of BPSREKTO with RE=La,Nd,and Sm.These ferroelectric features make these RE-modified HEC materials good candidates for high-energy storage applications.
文摘Thework presents the electronic structure computations and optical spectroscopy studies of half-Heusler ScNiBi and YNiBi compounds.Our first-principles computations of the electronic structures were based on density functional theory accounting for spin-orbit coupling.These compounds are computed to be semiconductors.The calculated gap values make ScNiBi and YNiBi valid for thermoelectric and optoelectronic applications and as selective filters.In ScNiBi and YNiBi,an intense peak at the energy of−2 eV is composed of theNi 3d states in the conduction band,and the valence band mostly contains these states with some contributions from the Bi 6p and Sc 3d or Y 4d electronic states.These states participate in the formation of the indirect gap of 0.16 eV(ScNiBi)and 0.18 eV(YNiBi).Within the spectral ellipsometry technique in the interval 0.22–15μm of wavelength,the optical functions of materials are studied,and their dispersion features are revealed.A good matching of the experimental and modeled optical conductivity spectra allowed us to analyze orbital contributions.The abnormally low optical absorption observed in the low-energy region of the spectrum is referred to as the results of band calculations indicating a small density of electronic states near the Fermi energy of these complex materials.
基金support from the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024JDRC0057)the Yunnan Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices,Yunnan University(No.ZZ2024001)+1 种基金the support from the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2023NSFSC0461)A.I.C.acknowledges the support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.W2433035).
文摘Photoelectrochemical(PEC)photodetectors(PDs)enabling high sensitivity/stability and self-powered operation in undersea weak-light environments is significant to the development of underwater optical communication(UOC)application.However,to date,the UOC system based on weak light-driven PEC PDs has rarely been investigated,primarily due to the lack of functional material and relevant heterojunction photoelectrodes with efficient weak light harvesting,fast response time and high stability.Herein,we introduced the Al doping in colloidal CuInS2(CIS)quantum dots(QDs)to suppress the non-radiative recombination and induce the self-oxidation Al2O3 protective layer for largely enhanced photo-/chemical stability.The prepared Al-doped CIS QDs were used to decorate BiVO4(BVO)as photoelectrodes for the fabrication of PEC PD devices,which delivered a maximum responsivity of 1 A·W^(−1),a detectivity of 1.02×10^(12)Jones,fast response time(26/25 ms)and ultrastable long-term stability(performance nearly unchanged after 36-hour stability test),thus demonstrating the UOC application even under a weak-light intensity of 0.14 mW·cm^(−2).The results manifest the potential of rationally designed QDs/metal oxide photoelectrode to achieve highly efficient and stable PEC PDs for next-generation weak-light UOC applications.
文摘This study investigates the physical properties of the rare earth XFes(X=Sm,Dy,or Nd)materials.Our analysis encompasses these compounds'structural,electronic,thermodynamic,and optical characteristics using density functional theory(DFT)as implemented in the Wien2k software package.The GGA+SOC+U method was employed to determine the exchange-correlation potential.Our results show that the XFes materials exhibit metallic behavior and exhibit ferromagnetic(FM)phases.Notably,our optical analysis reveals a strong absorption response in the UV region,with characteristic absorption curves and peak intensities varying across the different materials.We also investigated the thermodynamic properties of the materials,finding that the entropy increases exponentially with temperature as the materials transition from a ground state to a more disordered and amorphous state.Our thermodynamic results show that the Debye temperature decreases for all three materials,with DyFes exhibiting the highest Debye temperature at 0 K(307 K),followed by NdFes(298 K),and then SmFes(288 K).This indicates that each material has a unique thermal energy barrier to overcome before vibrations occur.As the temperature increases,the Debye temperature decreases,reflecting a decrease in the thermal energy required to induce vibrations.The differences in Debye temperature values between the three materials may suggest differences in their lattice structures or phonon properties,highlighting the importance of understanding these thermal properties for developing new materials and technologies.
基金the Deanship of Scientific Research at King Khalid University for funding this work through large group Research Project under grant number RGP2/226/44。
文摘This study was conducted to investigate the properties of Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)doped Zn_(2)Y-type hexaferrite for potential technological applications.X-ray diffraction(XRD),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)and field-emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM)were used to analyze structural properties.The crystallite size in the synthesized samples varies between 57.54 and 68.57 nm.The vibrational bands at 400 and 600 cm^(-1),common to all hexaferrites,were confirmed through FTIR.The FESEM analysis reveals an agglomeration of magnetic grains and a decrease in the average grain size from 1.24 to1.06μm.The M-H loops show that,with x values of 0.0,0.1,and 0.2,the saturation magnetization is determined to be 34.76,34.23,and 32.52 emu/g,respectively.The corresponding coercivity values are21.24,30.39,and 33.99 Oe.UV-visible spectroscopy using Tauc theory reveals an increase in the optical band gap from 2.32 to 2.50 eV,indicating a tunable energy band structure by incorporating Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)ions.The dielectric constant increases,whereas AC conductivity decreases with increased Pr^(3+)-Dy^(3+)concentration.The obtained results suggest the potential suitability of these materials for various technological applications.
基金Project supported by the Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB)(Govt.of India)(EMR/2017/000325)。
文摘The main focus of this work is to study the effect of the ionic radius of different rare earth dopant cations RE^(3+)(RE=La,Sm,Dy,and Ho) on structural and various physical properties of sodium bismuth titanate(Na_(0.5)B_(0.5)TiO_(3),NBT) based perovskite nanomaterials.The X-ray diffraction data indicate the successful formation of the rhombohedral phase(space group R3c) of NBT nano perovskite incorporated with various rare earth ions in Bi-site.The lattice parameters were found to increase linearly with the ionic radius of the dopant cation.The ionic radii and atomic mass of rare earth dopants appear to be essential factors in the grain growth of the prepared compositions.The grain growth results in better crystallinity of the sample by reducing the microstrain with the increase of dopant ionic radius.Field emission scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra confirm the prepared compositions' phase purity and stoichiometry.The UV-Vis spectra reveal that La-doped NBT composition exhibits the lowest optical band gap,which unfolds the application of NBT-based perovskite as photoactive material.The ac conductivity and complex impedance spectra unveil that the composition with the largest ionic radius,i.e.,La-doped NBT compound,exhibits the highest dc and bulk conductivity with the lowest activation energy.The frequency-dependent dielectric data follows Havriliak-Negami(HN) formalism and non-Debye type relaxation phenomena.Results also indicate that La-doped NBT composition exhibits the highest dielectric strength value.Thus,this study first elaborates that the increasing ionic radius of the rare earth dopant cation in the Bi-site of NBT perovskite improves its microstructural,optical,and electrical properties.
文摘Thin transparent oxide conducting films(TCOFs)of titanium and gallium substituted zinc oxide(TGZO)were fabricated via radio frequency(RF)magnetron sputtering technique.The effects of RF power on electrical,linear and nonlinear optical characteristics were investigated by Hall tester,Ultraviolet(UV)-visible spectrophotometer and optical characterization method.The results indicate that RF power significantly influences the electrical and optical properties of the deposited films.As RF power raises,the resistivity and Urbach energy fall initially and then rise,while the figure of merit,mean visible transmittance and optical bandgap show the reverse variation trend.At RF power of 190 W,the TGZO sample exhibits the highest electro-optical properties,with the maximum figure of merit(1.14×10^(4)Ω^(-1)∙cm^(-1)),mean visible transmittance(86.9%)and optical bandgap(3.50 eV),the minimum resistivity(6.26×10^(-4)Ω∙cm)and Urbach energy(174.23 meV).In addition,the optical constants of the deposited films were determined by the optical spectrum fitting method,and the RF power dependence of nonlinear optical properties was studied.It is observed that all the thin films exhibit normal dispersion characteristics in the visible region,and the nonlinear optical parameters are greatly affected by the RF power in the ultraviolet region.
文摘In this manuscript, we are reporting structural, bonding, optical, dielectric, and electrical properties of Gd-doped ZnO composite samples (Zn<sub>1</sub><sub>−</sub><sub>x</sub>Gd<sub>x</sub>O, x = 0, 0.05, 0.10) prepared by solid-state reaction method. XRD spectra confirm the wurtzite hexagonal phase with a grain size distribution of 42 - 47 nm. The FT-IR spectra confirm bonding behavior like Zn-O, O=C=O, and O-H stretching modes. FESEM micrographs show that the grains of crystallites possess nearly spherical morphology. Optical absorption spectra confirm that the optical band gap decreases systematically from 3.19 eV to 3.15 eV for x = 0.0 to x = 0.10 samples. For all samples, PL spectra exhibited near-band emission, blue emission, and green emission peaks. The dielectric constant decreases as the applied frequency increases. Hall effect results show that with increasing doping concentration of Gd, mobility and resistivity increase while bulk concentration decreases. Current-Voltage study shows that current increases when temperature is increased. Rare earth-doped ZnO is potential material used for optoelectronics and spintronics device applications. Properties of Gd-doped ZnO are studied by various research groups, but dielectric studies are limitedly reported. Therefore, the present research work aims to study the change of electrical, optical, and dielectric properties of Gd-doped ZnO for device applications.
基金Project supported by the National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq)
文摘Two-dimensional （2D） metamaterials are considered to be of enormous relevance to the progress of all exact sciences. Since the discovery of graphene, researchers have increasingly investigated in depth the details of electrical/optical proper- ties pertinent to other 2D metamaterials, including those relating to the silicene. In this review are included the details and comparisons of the atomic structures, energy diagram bands, substrates, charge densities, charge mobilities, conductivities, absorptions, electrical permittivities, dispersion relations of the wave vectors, and supported electromagnetic modes related to graphene and silicene. Hence, this review can help readers to acquire, recover or increase the necessary technological basis for the development of more specific studies on graphene and silicene.
文摘BACKGROUND Atypical optic neuritis,consisting of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders(NMOSD)or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody disease(MOGAD),has a very similar presentation but different prognostic implications and longterm management strategies.Vascular and metabolic factors are being thought to play a role in such autoimmune neuro-inflammatory disorders,apart from the obvious immune mediated damage.With the advent of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA),it is easy to pick up on these subclinical macular microvascular and structural changes.AIM To study the macular microvascular and structural changes on OCTA in atypical optic neuritis.METHODS This observational cross-sectional study involved 8 NMOSD and 17 MOGAD patients,diagnosed serologically,as well as 10 healthy controls.Macular vascular density(MVD)and ganglion cell+inner plexiform layer thickness(GCIPL)were studied using OCTA.RESULTS There was a significant reduction in MVD in NMOSD and MOGAD affected as well as unaffected eyes when compared with healthy controls.NMOSD and MOGAD affected eyes had significant GCIPL thinning compared with healthy controls.NMOSD unaffected eyes did not show significant GCIPL thinning compared to healthy controls in contrast to MOGAD unaffected eyes.On comparing NMOSD with MOGAD,there was no significant difference in terms of MVD or GCIPL in the affected or unaffected eyes.CONCLUSION Although significant microvascular and structural changes are present on OCTA between atypical optic neuritis and normal patients,they could not help in differentiating between NMOSD and MOGAD cases.
基金supports from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB2806803)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62075127).
文摘Liquid crystal Pacharatnam-Berry phase optical elements(PBOEs)have found promising applications in augmented reality and virtual reality because of their slim formfactor,lightweight,and high optical efficiency.However,chromatic aberration remains a serious longstanding problem for diffractive optics,hindering their broader adoption.To overcome the chromatic aberrations for red,green and blue(RGB)light sources,in this paper,we propose a counterintuitive multi-twist structure to achieve narrowband PBOEs without crosstalk,which plays a vital role to eliminate the chromatic aberration.The performance of our designed and fabricated narrowband Pacharatnam-Berry lenses(PBLs)aligns well with our simulation results.Furthermore,in a feasibility demonstration experiment using a laser projector,our proposed PBL system indeed exhibits a diminished chromatic aberration as compared to a broadband PBL.Additionally,polarization raytracing is implemented to demonstrate the versatility of the multi-twist structure for designing any RGB wavelengths with high contrast ratios.This analysis explores the feasibility of using RGB laser lines and quantum dot light-emitting diodes.Overall,our approach enables high optical efficiency,low fabrication complexity,and high degree of design freedom to accommodate any liquid crystal material and RGB light sources,holding immense potential for widespread applications of achromatic PBOEs.
文摘Optical network-on-chip(ONoC) systems have emerged as a promising solution to overcome limitations of traditional electronic interconnects. Efficient ONoC architectures rely on optical routers, enabling high-speed data transfer, efficient routing, and scalability. This paper presents a comprehensive survey analyzing optical router designs, specifically microring resonators(MRRs), Mach-Zehnder interferometers(MZIs), and hybrid architectures. Selected comparison criteria, chosen for their critical importance, significantly impact router functionality and performance. By emphasizing these criteria, valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of different designs are gained, facilitating informed decisions and advancements in optical networking. While other factors contribute to performance and efficiency, the chosen criteria consistently address fundamental elements, enabling meaningful evaluation. This work serves as a valuable resource for beginners, providing a solid foundation in understanding ONoC and optical routers. It also offers an in-depth survey for experts, laying the groundwork for further exploration. Additionally, the importance of considering design constraints and requirements when selecting an optimal router design is highlighted. Continued research and innovation will enable the development of efficient optical router solutions that meet the evolving needs of modern computing systems. This survey underscores the significance of ongoing advancements in the field and their potential impact on future technologies.
基金financial supports from National Natural Science Foundation of China(62175023).
文摘In this study,we developed a single-beam optical trap-based surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS)optofluidic molecular fingerprint spectroscopy detection system.This system utilizes a single-beam optical trap to concentrate free silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)within an optofluidic chip,significantly enhancing SERS performance.We investigated the optical field distribution characteristics within the tapered fiber using COMSOL simulation software and established a MATLAB simulation model to validate the single-beam optical trap's effectiveness in capturing AgNPs,demonstrating the theoretical feasibility of our approach.To verify the particle capture efficacy of the system,we experimentally controlled the optical trap's on-off state to manage the capture and release of particles precisely.The experimental results indicated that the Raman signal intensity in the capture state was significantly higher than in the non-capture state,confirming that the single-beam optical trap effectively enhances the SERS detection capability of the optofluidic detection system.Furthermore,we employed Raman mapping techniques to investigate the impact of the capture area on the SERS effect,revealing that the spectral intensity of molecular fingerprints in the laser-trapping region is significantly improved.We successfully detected the Raman spectrum of crystal violet at a concentration of 10^(−9)mol/L and pesticide thiram at a concentration of 10^(−5)mol/L,further demonstrating the ability of the single-beam optical trap in enhancing the molecular fingerprint spectrum identification capability of the SERS optofluidic chips.The optical trapping SERS optofluidic detection system developed in this study,as a key component of an integrated optoelectronic sensing system,holds the potential for integration with portable high-power lasers and high-performance Raman spectrometers.This integration is expected to advance highly integrated technologies and significantly enhance the overall performance and portability of optoelectronic sensing systems.
基金supported by Fund of State Key Laboratory of IPOC(BUPT)(No.IPOC2021ZT16),China.
文摘The integrated optical true time delay phased array antenna system has the advantages of high bandwidth,small size,low loss and strong antiinterference capability,etc.The high integration of the optically controlled phased array antenna system is a necessary trend for the future development of the phased array,and it is also a major focus and difficulty in the current research of integrated microwave photonics.This paper firstly introduces the basic principle and development history of optical true time delay phased array antenna system based on microwave photonics,and briefly introduces the main implementation methods and integration platform of optical true time delay.Then,the application and development prospect of optical true time delay technology in beam control of phased array antenna system are mainly presented.Finally,according to the current research progress,the possible research directions of integrated optically controlled phased array antenna systems in the future are proposed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12103059 and 12033007)the National Major Science and Technology Infrastructure Project of China(Grant No.2017-000052-73-01-002401)+3 种基金Xi’an Science and Technology Bureau(Grant No.E019XK1S04)Sanqin Talents’Special Support Program(Grant No.09R0557A00)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Science(Grant No.1188000XGJ)the Innovation Program for Quantum Science and Technology(Grant No.2021ZD0300900)。
文摘High-finesse optical reference cavities are essential tools for fundamental research.In response to China’s historical reliance on importing high-finesse optical reference cavities,we successfully developed a cavity using ultralow expansion glass(ULE)materials and processed it entirely in China.Using the method of measuring the cavity linewidth,a finesse of approximately 480000 was obtained in our experiments.We adopted a relatively simple and effective approach to test the optical reference cavity,which involved measuring the resonant points using an ultrastable laser.Remarkably,an expansion coefficient of the Chinese ULE optical reference cavity reached up to the order of 10^(-9)/K within the temperature range of 27℃to 40℃,with the zero expansion point occurring at approximately 34oC.These findings demonstrate China’s independent capability to develop high-finesse optical reference cavities,which is a significant advancement in precision optics.
