内源性类洋地黄物质(Endogenousdigitalis like substances,EDLS)是存在于人和哺乳动物体内的一种具有强大的强心、利尿和收缩血管作用的物质。它与外源性洋地黄一样,可以抑制Na^+—K^+—ATP酶,竞争性抑制~3H—哇巴因与受体结合,可与某...内源性类洋地黄物质(Endogenousdigitalis like substances,EDLS)是存在于人和哺乳动物体内的一种具有强大的强心、利尿和收缩血管作用的物质。它与外源性洋地黄一样,可以抑制Na^+—K^+—ATP酶,竞争性抑制~3H—哇巴因与受体结合,可与某些强心甙抗体产生交叉反应,在免疫学方面显示出类似洋地黄的抗原特性,因此可用RIA方法检测。EDLS主要存在于人和哺乳动物的下丘脑、心脏、肾上腺等组织,对机体内环境恒定的维持起重要作用。文献报告,妊娠妇女外周血EDLS浓度显著升高,脐血EDLS浓度显著高于产妇外周血,产妇外周血EDLS浓度在产后24小时迅速下降。展开更多
The downward continuation of potential fields is a process of calculating their values in a lower plane based on those of a certain plane.This technology is not only a data processing method for resource exploration b...The downward continuation of potential fields is a process of calculating their values in a lower plane based on those of a certain plane.This technology is not only a data processing method for resource exploration but also plays an extremely important role in military applications.However,the downward continuation of potential fields is a typical linear inverse problem that is ill-posed.Generalized minimal residuals(GMRES)is an eff ective solution to ill-posed inverse problems,but it is unstable under the condition wherein the GMRES is directly applied in the calculation process.Moreover,the long-term behavior of its iterative computation is a disordered,divergent result.Therefore,to obtain stable solutions,GMRES is applied to solve the normal equations of the downward continuation of potential fields;it is also used to prequalify for occasional interruptions in the operation process by adding the damping coefficient,thus strengthening the stability conditions of the equations of residual minimization.Finally,the stable downward continuation of the potential fields method is proposed.As indicated by the theoretical data and the measured testing data,the method proposed in this paper has the advantages of high-precision and excellent stability.Furthermore,compared with the Tikhonov iteration method,the proposed method avoids the need to choose regularization parameters.展开更多
A protein may exist as an ensem-ble of di erent conformations in solution,which cannot be repre-sented by a single static structure.Molecular dy-namics(MD)simulation has become a useful tool for sampling protein confo...A protein may exist as an ensem-ble of di erent conformations in solution,which cannot be repre-sented by a single static structure.Molecular dy-namics(MD)simulation has become a useful tool for sampling protein conformations in solution,but force elds and water models are important issues.This work presents a case study of the bacteriophage T4 lysozyme(T4L).We have found that MD simulations using a classic AMBER99SB force eld and TIP4P water model cannot well describe hinge-bending domain motion of the wild-type T4L at the timescale of one microsecond.Other combinations,such as a residue-speci c force eld called RSFF2+and a dispersion-corrected water model TIP4P-D,are able to sample reasonable solution conformations of T4L,which are in good agreement with experimental data.This primary study may provide candidates of force elds and water models for further investigating conformational transition of T4L.展开更多
We construct in ZFC(the Zermelo-Fraenkel system with choice) an L topological vector space—a topological vector space that is an L space—and an L field—a topological field that is an L space. This generalizes earli...We construct in ZFC(the Zermelo-Fraenkel system with choice) an L topological vector space—a topological vector space that is an L space—and an L field—a topological field that is an L space. This generalizes earlier results in L spaces and L groups.展开更多
A fundamental problem with complex time series analysis involves data prediction and repair.However,existing methods are not accurate enough for complex and multidimensional time series data.In this paper,we propose a...A fundamental problem with complex time series analysis involves data prediction and repair.However,existing methods are not accurate enough for complex and multidimensional time series data.In this paper,we propose a novel approach,a complex time series predic-tion model,which is based on the conditional randomfield(CRF)and recurrent neural network(RNN).This model can be used as an upper-level predictor in the stacking process or be trained using deep learning methods.Our approach is more accurate than existing methods in some suitable scenarios,as shown in the experimental results.展开更多
Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emp...Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.展开更多
A bearing fault diagnosis method based on the Markov transitionfield(MTF)and SEnet(SE)-IShufflenetV2 model is proposed in this paper due to the problems of complex working conditions,low fault diagnosis accuracy,and poo...A bearing fault diagnosis method based on the Markov transitionfield(MTF)and SEnet(SE)-IShufflenetV2 model is proposed in this paper due to the problems of complex working conditions,low fault diagnosis accuracy,and poor generalization of rolling bearing.Firstly,MTF is used to encode one-dimensional time series vibration sig-nals and convert them into time-dependent and unique two-dimensional feature images.Then,the generated two-dimensional dataset is fed into the SE-IShufflenetV2 model for training to achieve fault feature extraction and classification.This paper selects the bearing fault datasets from Case Western Reserve University and Paderborn University to experimentally verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.The generalization performance of the proposed method is tested under the variable load condition and different signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs).The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the proposed method under different working conditions is 99.2%without adding noise.The accuracy under different working conditions from 0 to 1 HP is 100%.When the SNR is 0 dB,the average accuracy of the proposed method can still reach 98.7%under varying working conditions.Therefore,the bearing fault diagnosis method proposed in this paper is characterized by high accuracy,strong anti-noise ability,and generalization.Moreover,the proposed method can also overcome the influence of variable working conditions on diagnosis accuracy,providing method support for the accurate diagnosis of bearing faults under strong noise and variable working conditions.展开更多
We report the observation of Zeeman splitting in multiple spectral lines emitted by a laser-produced,magnetized plasma(1–3×10^(18)cm^(-3),1–15 eV)in the context of a laboratory astrophysics experiment under a c...We report the observation of Zeeman splitting in multiple spectral lines emitted by a laser-produced,magnetized plasma(1–3×10^(18)cm^(-3),1–15 eV)in the context of a laboratory astrophysics experiment under a controlled magneticfield up to 20T.Nitrogen lines(NII)in the visible range were used to diagnose the magneticfield and plasma conditions.This was performed by coupling our data with(563–574 nm)the Stark–Zeeman line-shape code PPPB.The excellent agreement between experiment and simulations paves the way for a non-intrusive experimental platform to get time-resolved measurements of the local magneticfield in laboratory plasmas.展开更多
Inhibiting cadmium(Cd)accumulation in wheat grains could reduce the risk of human exposure to Cd.This study conducted a field experiment and evaluated the effects of iron(Fe)-based biochar and selenium(Se)applications...Inhibiting cadmium(Cd)accumulation in wheat grains could reduce the risk of human exposure to Cd.This study conducted a field experiment and evaluated the effects of iron(Fe)-based biochar and selenium(Se)applications alone or in combination on Cd accumulation in wheat grains in a Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soil of rice-wheat rotation farmland.Considering soil Cd heterogeneity in the field,we set up 22 replicates of control(CK)and three replicates of each Fe-based biochar and/or Se treatment.Results clearly showed that the CK locations could greatly affect the evaluation of whether the difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between treatments and CK was significant.There was an insignificant difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between the treatment and the adjacent CK replicates.Although soil Se application at 2 mg kg^(-1)and foliar Se application at 4 mg L^(-1)significantly increased the grain Se concentration as compared with the adjacent CK replicates,they still could not reduce the Cd concentration in wheat grains.However,when compared to the CK replicates that had the highest grain Cd concentration,foliar and soil applications of Se could significantly reduce the wheat grain Cd concentration by 47.7% and 41.3%-46.1%,respectively.No matter which CK replicates were selected,the application of Fe-based biochar had no significant impact on Cd accumulation in wheat grains,and there was no significant difference in diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-Cd concentration between the Fe-based biochar treatment and adjacent CK replicates.In conclusion,applying Fe-based biochar and Se in the field could not reduce the Cd accumulation in wheat grains in Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soils.展开更多
The Linglong gold ore field is situated in the northwestern region of the Jiaodong gold province,China,with over 1000 tons of gold resources.Although the metallogenic mechanism and fluid sources of the Linglong gold d...The Linglong gold ore field is situated in the northwestern region of the Jiaodong gold province,China,with over 1000 tons of gold resources.Although the metallogenic mechanism and fluid sources of the Linglong gold deposit have been the subject of extensive discussion and analyzed by numerous scholars,a definitive conclusion remains elusive.The Jiuqu Au deposit is a significant metallogenic area in the eastern part of the Linglong gold ore field,characterized as a quartz vein-type gold deposit.Gold mineralization in the Jiuqu gold deposit is classified into four stages,primarily occurring within the Late Jurassic Linglong granite and Early Cretaceous Guojialing granodiorite.Pyrite,the primary gold-bearing mineral at the Jiuqu Gold Mine,has been present throughout the metallogenic period,is rich in a variety of trace elements and is closely related to the formation of gold ore.This study focused on evaluating pyrite from the essential metallogenic stages(Stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ)of the Jiuqu gold deposit using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron microprobe analysis(EMPA),laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) and laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-MC-ICP-MS) sulfur isotope analysis and detection.The work aimed to reconstruct the origin of metallogenic materials and the evolution of ore-forming fluids and to restrict the genesis of the deposit.Pyrite exhibits discernible alterations in both shape and crystal structure as it progresses through its ore-forming stages.The aforementioned stages can be delineated as follows:type 1 pyrite(PyⅠ),developed in the initial ore stage,is characterized by coarse-to-medium-grained euhedral pyrite in Stage Ⅰ;type 2 pyrite(PyⅡ),developed in the second ore stage,appears during the middle stage of mineralization and is characterized by subhedral or anhedral pyrite;type 3 pyrite(PyⅢ),developed in the third ore stage,primarily occurred in the late-middle stages of mineralization.It is fragmented and coexists with various metal sulfides,including chalcopyrite,sphalerite and galena.The in situ major and elemental compositions of pyrites at Jiuqu indicate that Au,in the form of visible gold,exists in pyrites with low Au and Ag contents throughout all stages.PyⅠ had lower Pb,Bi,Co and Ni contents than those of PyⅡ.PyⅢ displayed decreased Pb,Bi,Co and Ni levels compared with PyⅡ.The δ34S values of the PyⅠ,PyⅡ and PyⅢ pyrite stages ranged from 7.19% to 8.71%,6.24% to 7.68% and 7.66% to 8.07%,respectively.According to the structural and geochemical analysis of pyrite,the ore-forming fluid of the Jiuqu gold deposit was derived from a magmatic-hydrothermal formation created by enriched lithospheric mantle-derived magma,mixing S from Precambrian metamorphic rocks.Previous studies on the H-O isotopes of quartz in the region's ores have indicated the presence of primary magma water.Additionally,studies concerning the C-O isotopes of carbonate minerals in ores have suggested that C may have originated from the mantle.Fluid migration and water-rock interaction resulted in sulfide and gold precipitation.In the Late Meosozoic,lithospheric thinning of eastern North China Craton led to up welling of astheno spheric mantle and partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the Jiaodong area.Under tectonic changes,magmatic-hydro thermal fluid migrated upward along fault structures to form a gold province.展开更多
To investigate the relationship of the variation of virulence and the external capsid proteins of the pandemic duck hepatitis A virus type 1(DHAV-1) isolates,the virulence,cross neutralization assays and the complete ...To investigate the relationship of the variation of virulence and the external capsid proteins of the pandemic duck hepatitis A virus type 1(DHAV-1) isolates,the virulence,cross neutralization assays and the complete sequence of the virion protein 1(VP1) gene of nine virulent DHAV-1 strains,which were isolated from infected ducklings with clinical symptoms in Shandong province of China in 2007-2008,were tested.The fifth generation duck embryo allantoic liquids of the 9 isolates were tested on 12-day-old duck embryos and on 7-day-old ducklings for the median embryonal lethal doses(ELD 50 s) and the median lethal doses(LD 50 s),respectively.The results showed that the ELD 50 s of embryonic duck eggs of the 9 DHAV-1 isolates were between 1.9 × 10 6 /mL to 1.44 × 10 7 /mL,while the LD 50 s were 2.39 × 10 5 /mL to 6.15 × 10 6 /mL.Cross-neutralization tests revealed that the 9 DHAV-1 isolates were completely neutralized by the standard serum and the hyperimmune sera against the 9 DHAV-1 isolates,respectively.Compared with other virulent,moderate virulent,attenuated vaccine and mild strains,the VP1 genes of the 9 strains shared 89.8%-99.7% similarity at the nucleotide level and 92.4%-99.6% at amino acid level with other DHAV-1 strains.There were three hypervariable regions at the C-terminus(aa 158-160,180-193 and 205-219) and other variable points in VP1 protein,but which didn't cause virulence of DHAV-1 change.展开更多
文摘内源性类洋地黄物质(Endogenousdigitalis like substances,EDLS)是存在于人和哺乳动物体内的一种具有强大的强心、利尿和收缩血管作用的物质。它与外源性洋地黄一样,可以抑制Na^+—K^+—ATP酶,竞争性抑制~3H—哇巴因与受体结合,可与某些强心甙抗体产生交叉反应,在免疫学方面显示出类似洋地黄的抗原特性,因此可用RIA方法检测。EDLS主要存在于人和哺乳动物的下丘脑、心脏、肾上腺等组织,对机体内环境恒定的维持起重要作用。文献报告,妊娠妇女外周血EDLS浓度显著升高,脐血EDLS浓度显著高于产妇外周血,产妇外周血EDLS浓度在产后24小时迅速下降。
基金This research is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2018YFC1505401the Key Research and Development Projects of the Sichuan Science and Technology Department under Grant Nos.2019YFG0460,2020YFG0303,and 2021YJ0031+1 种基金the Technology Research and Development Program of China Railway Group Limited under Grant No.CZ01-Key Point-05the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities under Grant No.2682021GF019.
文摘The downward continuation of potential fields is a process of calculating their values in a lower plane based on those of a certain plane.This technology is not only a data processing method for resource exploration but also plays an extremely important role in military applications.However,the downward continuation of potential fields is a typical linear inverse problem that is ill-posed.Generalized minimal residuals(GMRES)is an eff ective solution to ill-posed inverse problems,but it is unstable under the condition wherein the GMRES is directly applied in the calculation process.Moreover,the long-term behavior of its iterative computation is a disordered,divergent result.Therefore,to obtain stable solutions,GMRES is applied to solve the normal equations of the downward continuation of potential fields;it is also used to prequalify for occasional interruptions in the operation process by adding the damping coefficient,thus strengthening the stability conditions of the equations of residual minimization.Finally,the stable downward continuation of the potential fields method is proposed.As indicated by the theoretical data and the measured testing data,the method proposed in this paper has the advantages of high-precision and excellent stability.Furthermore,compared with the Tikhonov iteration method,the proposed method avoids the need to choose regularization parameters.
基金This work was supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(No.91953101 and No.21573205)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Science(XDB37040202),the Hefei National Science Center Pilot Project Funds,and the New Concept Medical Research Fund of USTC.
文摘A protein may exist as an ensem-ble of di erent conformations in solution,which cannot be repre-sented by a single static structure.Molecular dy-namics(MD)simulation has become a useful tool for sampling protein conformations in solution,but force elds and water models are important issues.This work presents a case study of the bacteriophage T4 lysozyme(T4L).We have found that MD simulations using a classic AMBER99SB force eld and TIP4P water model cannot well describe hinge-bending domain motion of the wild-type T4L at the timescale of one microsecond.Other combinations,such as a residue-speci c force eld called RSFF2+and a dispersion-corrected water model TIP4P-D,are able to sample reasonable solution conformations of T4L,which are in good agreement with experimental data.This primary study may provide candidates of force elds and water models for further investigating conformational transition of T4L.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11901562)A Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciencessupported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.11871464)。
文摘We construct in ZFC(the Zermelo-Fraenkel system with choice) an L topological vector space—a topological vector space that is an L space—and an L field—a topological field that is an L space. This generalizes earlier results in L spaces and L groups.
基金Supported by The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFB1006104).
文摘A fundamental problem with complex time series analysis involves data prediction and repair.However,existing methods are not accurate enough for complex and multidimensional time series data.In this paper,we propose a novel approach,a complex time series predic-tion model,which is based on the conditional randomfield(CRF)and recurrent neural network(RNN).This model can be used as an upper-level predictor in the stacking process or be trained using deep learning methods.Our approach is more accurate than existing methods in some suitable scenarios,as shown in the experimental results.
文摘Maintaining the integrity and longevity of structures is essential in many industries,such as aerospace,nuclear,and petroleum.To achieve the cost-effectiveness of large-scale systems in petroleum drilling,a strong emphasis on structural durability and monitoring is required.This study focuses on the mechanical vibrations that occur in rotary drilling systems,which have a substantial impact on the structural integrity of drilling equipment.The study specifically investigates axial,torsional,and lateral vibrations,which might lead to negative consequences such as bit-bounce,chaotic whirling,and high-frequency stick-slip.These events not only hinder the efficiency of drilling but also lead to exhaustion and harm to the system’s components since they are difficult to be detected and controlled in real time.The study investigates the dynamic interactions of these vibrations,specifically in their high-frequency modes,usingfield data obtained from measurement while drilling.Thefindings have demonstrated the effect of strong coupling between the high-frequency modes of these vibrations on drilling sys-tem performance.The obtained results highlight the importance of considering the interconnected impacts of these vibrations when designing and implementing robust control systems.Therefore,integrating these compo-nents can increase the durability of drill bits and drill strings,as well as improve the ability to monitor and detect damage.Moreover,by exploiting thesefindings,the assessment of structural resilience in rotary drilling systems can be enhanced.Furthermore,the study demonstrates the capacity of structural health monitoring to improve the quality,dependability,and efficiency of rotary drilling systems in the petroleum industry.
基金supported by Hebei Natural Science Foundation under Grant No.E2024402079Key Laboratory of Intelligent Industrial Equipment Technology of Hebei Province(Hebei University of Engineering)under Grant No.202206.
文摘A bearing fault diagnosis method based on the Markov transitionfield(MTF)and SEnet(SE)-IShufflenetV2 model is proposed in this paper due to the problems of complex working conditions,low fault diagnosis accuracy,and poor generalization of rolling bearing.Firstly,MTF is used to encode one-dimensional time series vibration sig-nals and convert them into time-dependent and unique two-dimensional feature images.Then,the generated two-dimensional dataset is fed into the SE-IShufflenetV2 model for training to achieve fault feature extraction and classification.This paper selects the bearing fault datasets from Case Western Reserve University and Paderborn University to experimentally verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.The generalization performance of the proposed method is tested under the variable load condition and different signal-to-noise ratios(SNRs).The experimental results show that the average accuracy of the proposed method under different working conditions is 99.2%without adding noise.The accuracy under different working conditions from 0 to 1 HP is 100%.When the SNR is 0 dB,the average accuracy of the proposed method can still reach 98.7%under varying working conditions.Therefore,the bearing fault diagnosis method proposed in this paper is characterized by high accuracy,strong anti-noise ability,and generalization.Moreover,the proposed method can also overcome the influence of variable working conditions on diagnosis accuracy,providing method support for the accurate diagnosis of bearing faults under strong noise and variable working conditions.
基金supported by grants managed by l’Agence Nationale de la Recherche under the Investissements d’Avenir programs Grant Nos. ANR-18-EURE-0014, ANR-10-LABX-0039-PALM, and ANR-22-CE30-0044supported by grants from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (Grant No. 23K20038)+2 种基金JSPS Core-to-Core program (Grant No. JPJSCCA20230003)carried out within the framework of the EUROfusion Consortium, funded by the European Union via the Euratom Research and Training Programme (Grant Agreement No. 101052200-EUROfusion)operated within the framework of the Enabling Research Project No. AWP24-ENR-IFE.02.CEA-01 “Magnetized ICF”
文摘We report the observation of Zeeman splitting in multiple spectral lines emitted by a laser-produced,magnetized plasma(1–3×10^(18)cm^(-3),1–15 eV)in the context of a laboratory astrophysics experiment under a controlled magneticfield up to 20T.Nitrogen lines(NII)in the visible range were used to diagnose the magneticfield and plasma conditions.This was performed by coupling our data with(563–574 nm)the Stark–Zeeman line-shape code PPPB.The excellent agreement between experiment and simulations paves the way for a non-intrusive experimental platform to get time-resolved measurements of the local magneticfield in laboratory plasmas.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42107005)the Research and Development Fund of Zhejiang A&F University,China(No.2024LFR027)+1 种基金the Jiangsu Provincial Key Research and Development Program,China(No.BE2021717)the Agricultural Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province,China(No.CX(24)1001)。
文摘Inhibiting cadmium(Cd)accumulation in wheat grains could reduce the risk of human exposure to Cd.This study conducted a field experiment and evaluated the effects of iron(Fe)-based biochar and selenium(Se)applications alone or in combination on Cd accumulation in wheat grains in a Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soil of rice-wheat rotation farmland.Considering soil Cd heterogeneity in the field,we set up 22 replicates of control(CK)and three replicates of each Fe-based biochar and/or Se treatment.Results clearly showed that the CK locations could greatly affect the evaluation of whether the difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between treatments and CK was significant.There was an insignificant difference in the wheat grain Cd concentration between the treatment and the adjacent CK replicates.Although soil Se application at 2 mg kg^(-1)and foliar Se application at 4 mg L^(-1)significantly increased the grain Se concentration as compared with the adjacent CK replicates,they still could not reduce the Cd concentration in wheat grains.However,when compared to the CK replicates that had the highest grain Cd concentration,foliar and soil applications of Se could significantly reduce the wheat grain Cd concentration by 47.7% and 41.3%-46.1%,respectively.No matter which CK replicates were selected,the application of Fe-based biochar had no significant impact on Cd accumulation in wheat grains,and there was no significant difference in diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid-Cd concentration between the Fe-based biochar treatment and adjacent CK replicates.In conclusion,applying Fe-based biochar and Se in the field could not reduce the Cd accumulation in wheat grains in Cd-contaminated weakly alkaline soils.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42273063)the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship(YESS)Program of the China Association for Science and Technology(YESS20220661)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities(FRF-IDRY-23-004)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(ZR2022QD050).
文摘The Linglong gold ore field is situated in the northwestern region of the Jiaodong gold province,China,with over 1000 tons of gold resources.Although the metallogenic mechanism and fluid sources of the Linglong gold deposit have been the subject of extensive discussion and analyzed by numerous scholars,a definitive conclusion remains elusive.The Jiuqu Au deposit is a significant metallogenic area in the eastern part of the Linglong gold ore field,characterized as a quartz vein-type gold deposit.Gold mineralization in the Jiuqu gold deposit is classified into four stages,primarily occurring within the Late Jurassic Linglong granite and Early Cretaceous Guojialing granodiorite.Pyrite,the primary gold-bearing mineral at the Jiuqu Gold Mine,has been present throughout the metallogenic period,is rich in a variety of trace elements and is closely related to the formation of gold ore.This study focused on evaluating pyrite from the essential metallogenic stages(Stages Ⅰ-Ⅲ)of the Jiuqu gold deposit using scanning electron microscopy(SEM),electron microprobe analysis(EMPA),laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-ICP-MS) and laser ablation multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(LA-MC-ICP-MS) sulfur isotope analysis and detection.The work aimed to reconstruct the origin of metallogenic materials and the evolution of ore-forming fluids and to restrict the genesis of the deposit.Pyrite exhibits discernible alterations in both shape and crystal structure as it progresses through its ore-forming stages.The aforementioned stages can be delineated as follows:type 1 pyrite(PyⅠ),developed in the initial ore stage,is characterized by coarse-to-medium-grained euhedral pyrite in Stage Ⅰ;type 2 pyrite(PyⅡ),developed in the second ore stage,appears during the middle stage of mineralization and is characterized by subhedral or anhedral pyrite;type 3 pyrite(PyⅢ),developed in the third ore stage,primarily occurred in the late-middle stages of mineralization.It is fragmented and coexists with various metal sulfides,including chalcopyrite,sphalerite and galena.The in situ major and elemental compositions of pyrites at Jiuqu indicate that Au,in the form of visible gold,exists in pyrites with low Au and Ag contents throughout all stages.PyⅠ had lower Pb,Bi,Co and Ni contents than those of PyⅡ.PyⅢ displayed decreased Pb,Bi,Co and Ni levels compared with PyⅡ.The δ34S values of the PyⅠ,PyⅡ and PyⅢ pyrite stages ranged from 7.19% to 8.71%,6.24% to 7.68% and 7.66% to 8.07%,respectively.According to the structural and geochemical analysis of pyrite,the ore-forming fluid of the Jiuqu gold deposit was derived from a magmatic-hydrothermal formation created by enriched lithospheric mantle-derived magma,mixing S from Precambrian metamorphic rocks.Previous studies on the H-O isotopes of quartz in the region's ores have indicated the presence of primary magma water.Additionally,studies concerning the C-O isotopes of carbonate minerals in ores have suggested that C may have originated from the mantle.Fluid migration and water-rock interaction resulted in sulfide and gold precipitation.In the Late Meosozoic,lithospheric thinning of eastern North China Craton led to up welling of astheno spheric mantle and partial melting of lithospheric mantle in the Jiaodong area.Under tectonic changes,magmatic-hydro thermal fluid migrated upward along fault structures to form a gold province.
基金the Chinese National Natural Sciences Foundation(30871878)Shandong Province Higher Educational Science and Technology Program(J08LF07)the Science and Technology Commission of Shandong Province(2010GNC10914),China
文摘To investigate the relationship of the variation of virulence and the external capsid proteins of the pandemic duck hepatitis A virus type 1(DHAV-1) isolates,the virulence,cross neutralization assays and the complete sequence of the virion protein 1(VP1) gene of nine virulent DHAV-1 strains,which were isolated from infected ducklings with clinical symptoms in Shandong province of China in 2007-2008,were tested.The fifth generation duck embryo allantoic liquids of the 9 isolates were tested on 12-day-old duck embryos and on 7-day-old ducklings for the median embryonal lethal doses(ELD 50 s) and the median lethal doses(LD 50 s),respectively.The results showed that the ELD 50 s of embryonic duck eggs of the 9 DHAV-1 isolates were between 1.9 × 10 6 /mL to 1.44 × 10 7 /mL,while the LD 50 s were 2.39 × 10 5 /mL to 6.15 × 10 6 /mL.Cross-neutralization tests revealed that the 9 DHAV-1 isolates were completely neutralized by the standard serum and the hyperimmune sera against the 9 DHAV-1 isolates,respectively.Compared with other virulent,moderate virulent,attenuated vaccine and mild strains,the VP1 genes of the 9 strains shared 89.8%-99.7% similarity at the nucleotide level and 92.4%-99.6% at amino acid level with other DHAV-1 strains.There were three hypervariable regions at the C-terminus(aa 158-160,180-193 and 205-219) and other variable points in VP1 protein,but which didn't cause virulence of DHAV-1 change.
