This article presents a micro-structure tensor enhanced elasto-plastic finite element(FE)method to address strength anisotropy in three-dimensional(3D)soil slope stability analysis.The gravity increase method(GIM)is e...This article presents a micro-structure tensor enhanced elasto-plastic finite element(FE)method to address strength anisotropy in three-dimensional(3D)soil slope stability analysis.The gravity increase method(GIM)is employed to analyze the stability of 3D anisotropic soil slopes.The accuracy of the proposed method is first verified against the data in the literature.We then simulate the 3D soil slope with a straight slope surface and the convex and concave slope surfaces with a 90turning corner to study the 3D effect on slope stability and the failure mechanism under anisotropy conditions.Based on our numerical results,the end effect significantly impacts the failure mechanism and safety factor.Anisotropy degree notably affects the safety factor,with higher degrees leading to deeper landslides.For concave slopes,they can be approximated by straight slopes with suitable boundary conditions to assess their stability.Furthermore,a case study of the Saint-Alban test embankment A in Quebec,Canada,is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed FE model.展开更多
Ensuring software quality in open⁃source environments requires adaptive mechanisms to enhance scalability,optimize service provisioning,and improve reliability.This study presents the dynamic correlation analysis tech...Ensuring software quality in open⁃source environments requires adaptive mechanisms to enhance scalability,optimize service provisioning,and improve reliability.This study presents the dynamic correlation analysis technique to enhance software quality management in open⁃source environments by addressing dynamic scalability,adaptive service provisioning,and software reliability.The proposed methodology integrates a scalability metric,an optimized service provisioning model,and a weighted entropy⁃based reliability assessment to systematically improve key performance parameters.Experimental evaluation conducted on multiple open⁃source software(OSS)versions demonstrates significant improvements:scalability increased by 27.5%,service provisioning time reduced by 18.3%,and software reliability improved by 22.1%compared to baseline methods.A comparative analysis with prior works further highlights the effectiveness of this approach in ensuring adaptability,efficiency,and resilience in dynamic software ecosystems.Future work will focus on real⁃time monitoring and AI⁃driven adaptive provisioning to further enhance software quality management.展开更多
Software vulnerabilities are the root cause of various information security incidents while dynamic taint analysis is an emerging program analysis technique. In this paper, to maximize the use of the technique to dete...Software vulnerabilities are the root cause of various information security incidents while dynamic taint analysis is an emerging program analysis technique. In this paper, to maximize the use of the technique to detect software vulnerabilities, we present SwordDTA, a tool that can perform dynamic taint analysis for binaries. This tool is flexible and extensible that it can work with commodity software and hardware. It can be used to detect software vulnerabilities with vulnerability modeling and taint check. We evaluate it with a number of commonly used real-world applications. The experimental results show that SwordDTA is capable of detecting at least four kinds of softavare vulnerabilities including buffer overflow, integer overflow, division by zero and use-after-free, and is applicable for a wide range of software.展开更多
The relationship between the Hoek-Brown parameters and the mechanical response of circular tunnels is il-lustrated. Closed-form and approximate solutions are given for the extent of the plastic zone and the stress and...The relationship between the Hoek-Brown parameters and the mechanical response of circular tunnels is il-lustrated. Closed-form and approximate solutions are given for the extent of the plastic zone and the stress and dis-placement fields under axisymmetrical and asymmetric stress conditions. For the same rock masses and under axisym-metrical stress conditions,the radius of the plastic zone in terms of Hoek-Brown criterion is generally an approximation of the radius in terms of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The radius in terms of the Hoek-Brown criterion is larger under low stress conditions. For poor quality rock masses (GSI<25),measures (such as grouting,setting rock bolts,etc.) that improve the GSI of rock masses are effective in improving the stability of tunnels. It is not advisable to improve the sta-bility of the tunnels by providing a small support resistance p through shotcrete,except for very poor quality jointed rock masses. Without reference to the quality of the rock mass,the disturbance factor D should not less than 0.5. Meas-ures which disturb rock masses during tunnel construction should be taken carefully when the tunnel depth increases.展开更多
In this work, the finite element analysis of the elasto-plastic plate bending problems is carried out using transition rectangular plate elements. The shape functions of the transition plate elements are derived based...In this work, the finite element analysis of the elasto-plastic plate bending problems is carried out using transition rectangular plate elements. The shape functions of the transition plate elements are derived based on a practical rule. The transition plate elements are all quadrilateral and can be used to obtain efficient finite element models using minimum number of elements. The mesh convergence rates of the models including the transition elements are compared with the regular element models. To verify the developed elements, simple tests are demonstrated and various elasto-plastic problems are solved. Their results are compared with ANSYS results.展开更多
To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on ...To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on the upper atmosphere has been developed by a Japanese inter-university project called the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation Network （1UGONET）. The objective of this paper is to describe the infrastructure and tools developed by IUGONET. We focus on the data analysis software. It is written in Interactive Data Language （IDL） and is a plug-in for the THEMIS Data Analysis Software suite （TDAS）, which is a set of IDL libraries used to visualize and analyze satellite- and ground-based data. We present plots of upper atmospheric data provided by IUGONET as examples of applications, and verify the usefulness of the software in the study of polar science. We discuss IUGONET＇s new and unique developments, i.e., an executable file of TDAS that can run on the IDL Virtual Machine, IDL routines to retrieve metadata from the IUGONET database, and an archive of 3-D simulation data that uses the Common Data Format so that it can easily be used with TDAS.展开更多
In software engineering, a scenario describes an anticipated usage of a software system. As scenarios are useful to understand the requirements and functionalities of a software system, the scenario-based analysis is ...In software engineering, a scenario describes an anticipated usage of a software system. As scenarios are useful to understand the requirements and functionalities of a software system, the scenario-based analysis is widely used in various tasks, especially in the design stage of software architectures. Although researchers have proposed various scenario-based approaches to analyse software architecture, there are still limitations in this research field, and a key limitation is that scenarios are typically not formally defined and thus may contain ambiguities. As these ambiguities may lead to defects, it is desirable to reduce them as many as possible. In order to reduce ambiguity in scenario-based software architecture analysis, this paper introduces a creative computing approach to scenario-based software requirements analysis. Our work expands this idea in three directions. Firstly, we extend an architecture description language(ADL)-based language – Breeze/ADL to model the software architecture. Secondly, we use a creative rule – combinational rule(CR) to combine the vector clock algorithm for reducing the ambiguities in modelling scenarios. Then, another creative rule – transformational rule(TR) is employed to help to transform our Breeze/ADL model to a popular model – unified modelling language(UML) model. We implement our approach as a plugin of Breeze, and illustrate a running example of modelling a poetry to music system in our case study.Our results show the proposed creative approach is able to reduce ambiguities of the software architecture in practice.展开更多
The general human factors analysis analyzes human functions,effects and influence in a system.But in a narrow sense,it analyzes human influence upon the reliability of a system,it includes traditional human reliabilit...The general human factors analysis analyzes human functions,effects and influence in a system.But in a narrow sense,it analyzes human influence upon the reliability of a system,it includes traditional human reliability analysis,human error analysis,man-machine interface analysis,human character analysis,and others.A software development project in software engineering is successful or not to be completely determined by human factors.In this paper,we discuss the human factors intensions,declare the importance of human factors analysis for software engineering by listed some instances.At last,we probe preliminarily into the mentality that a practitioner in software engineering should possess.展开更多
Software projects influenced by many human factors generate various risks. In order to develop highly quality software, it is important to respond to these risks reasonably and promptly. In addition, it is not easy fo...Software projects influenced by many human factors generate various risks. In order to develop highly quality software, it is important to respond to these risks reasonably and promptly. In addition, it is not easy for project managers to deal with these risks completely. Therefore, it is essential to manage the process quality by promoting activities of process monitoring and design quality assessment. In this paper, we discuss statistical data analysis for actual project management activities in process monitoring and design quality assessment, and analyze the effects for these software process improvement quantitatively by applying the methods of multivariate analysis. Then, we show how process factors affect the management measures of QCD (Quality, Cost, Delivery) by applying the multiple regression analyses to observed process monitoring data. Further, we quantitatively evaluate the effect by performing design quality assessment based on the principal component analysis and the factor analysis. As a result of analysis, we show that the design quality assessment activities are so effective for software process improvement. Further, based on the result of quantitative project assessment, we discuss the usefulness of process monitoring progress assessment by using a software reliability growth model. This result may enable us to give a useful quantitative measure of product release determination.展开更多
This paper establishes an anisotropic plastic material model to analyze the elasto-plastic behavior of masonry in plane stress state.Being an anisotropic material,masonry has different constitutive relation and fractu...This paper establishes an anisotropic plastic material model to analyze the elasto-plastic behavior of masonry in plane stress state.Being an anisotropic material,masonry has different constitutive relation and fracture energies along each orthotropic axes.Considering the unique material properties of masonry,a new yield criterion for masonry is proposed combining the Hill's yield criterion and the Rankine's yield criterion.The new yield criterion not only introduces compression friction coefficient of shear but also considers yield functions for independent stress state along two material axes of tension.To solve the involved nonlinear equations in numerical analysis,several nonlinear methods are implemented,including Newton-Raphson method for nonlinear equations and Implicit Euler backward mapping algorithm to update stresses.To verify the proposed material model of masonry,a series of tests are operated.The simulation results show that the new developed material model implements successfully.Compared with isotropic material model,the proposed model performs better in elasto-plastic analysis of masonry in plane stress state.The proposed anisotropic model is capable of simulating elasto-plastic behavior of masonry and can be used in related applications.展开更多
In order to make a more effective use of the data from regional digital seismograph networks and to promote the study on shear wave splitting and its application to earthquake stress-forecasting, SAM software system, ...In order to make a more effective use of the data from regional digital seismograph networks and to promote the study on shear wave splitting and its application to earthquake stress-forecasting, SAM software system, i.e., the software on systematic analysis method of shear wave splitting has been developed. This paper introduces the design aims, system structure, function and characteristics about the SAM software system and shows some graphical interfaces of data input and result output. Lastly, it discusses preliminarily the study of shear wave splitting and its application to earthquake forecasting.展开更多
The rigid body limit equilibrium method(RBLEM) and finite element method(FEM) are two widely used approaches for rock slope's stability analysis currently. RBLEM introduced plethoric assumptions; while traditional...The rigid body limit equilibrium method(RBLEM) and finite element method(FEM) are two widely used approaches for rock slope's stability analysis currently. RBLEM introduced plethoric assumptions; while traditional FEM relied on artificial factors when determining factor of safety(FOS) and sliding surfaces. Based on the definition of structure instability that an elasto-plastic structure is not stable if it is unable to satisfy simultaneously equilibrium condition, kinematical admissibility and constitutive equations under given external loads, deformation reinforcement theory(DRT) is developed. With this theory, plastic complementary energy(PCE) can be used to evaluate the overall stability of rock slope, and the unbalanced force beyond the yield surface could be the identification of local failure. Compared with traditional slope stability analysis approaches, the PCE norm curve to strength reduced factor is introduced and the unbalanced force is applied to the determination of key sliding surfaces and required reinforcement. Typical and important issues in rock slope stability are tested in TFINE(a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element program), which is further applied to several representatives of high rock slope's stability evaluation and reinforcement engineering practice in southwest of China.展开更多
Reverse osmosis （RO） is proved to be the most reliable, cost effective, and energy efficient in producing fresh water compared to other desalination technologies. It is the fastest-growing desalination technology wi...Reverse osmosis （RO） is proved to be the most reliable, cost effective, and energy efficient in producing fresh water compared to other desalination technologies. It is the fastest-growing desalination technology with a greater number of installations around the world. The economic and technical performance of a medium-capacity RO desalination plant （2,000 m^3/day） proposed to be installed in Umm Qasr city south of Basra, Iraq is analyzed using DEEP-3.2 software created by the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA）. This port city is located on the Gulf shore and does not have any fresh water resources. The analysis shows that the cost of fresh water produced by this plant is US$0.986/m^3 with a good quality of fresh water （279 ppm）, which is a reasonable price for this remote area. The analysis also shows an increase in water production cost of about 12% at increased electricity price from 0.06 to 0.1 US$/kWh, 53% when the seawater salinity increased from 35,000 to 45,000 ppm, 2.5% when the seawater temperature decreased from 33 ℃ to 20 ℃, and 0.71% when the interest rate increased from 0% to 5%. Pumping fresh water from the Basra purification plant （located 175 km north of Umm Qasr） is 22.16 times the cost and 236.7% poorer quality than the fresh water produced by the RO plant.展开更多
The uncertainty during the period of software project development often brings huge risks to contractors and clients. If we can find an effective method to predict the cost and quality of software projects based on fa...The uncertainty during the period of software project development often brings huge risks to contractors and clients. If we can find an effective method to predict the cost and quality of software projects based on facts like the project character and two-side cooperating capability at the beginning of the project,we can reduce the risk. Bayesian Belief Network(BBN) is a good tool for analyzing uncertain consequences, but it is difficult to produce precise network structure and conditional probability table.In this paper,we built up network structure by Delphi method for conditional probability table learning,and learn update probability table and nodes’confidence levels continuously according to the application cases, which made the evaluation network have learning abilities, and evaluate the software development risk of organization more accurately.This paper also introduces EM algorithm, which will enhance the ability to produce hidden nodes caused by variant software projects.展开更多
<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Amid the Covid-19 widespread, it has been challenging for educational institutions to conduct online classes, facing multiples cha...<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Amid the Covid-19 widespread, it has been challenging for educational institutions to conduct online classes, facing multiples challenges. This paper provides an insight into different approaches in facing those challenges which includes conducting a fair online class for students. It is tough for an instructor to keep track of their students at the same time because it is difficult to screen if any of the understudies within the class are not present, mindful, or drowsing. This paper discusses a possible solution, something new that can offer support to instructors seeing things from a more significant point of view. The solution is a facial analysis computer program that can let instructors know which students are attentive and who is not. There’s a green and red square box for face detection, for which Instructors can watch by seeing a green box on those mindful students conjointly, a red box on those who are not mindful at all. This paper finds that the program can automatically give attendance by analyzing data from face detection. It has other features for which the teacher can also know if any student leaves the class early. In this paper, model design, performance analysis, and online class assistant aspects of the program have been discussed.</span> </p>展开更多
The magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)results are greatly influenced by reconstruction of the spectrum and quantitative analysis.Because of this requirement a number of programs dedicated to MRS data analysis were d...The magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)results are greatly influenced by reconstruction of the spectrum and quantitative analysis.Because of this requirement a number of programs dedicated to MRS data analysis were developed.The selection and use of appropriate software is crucial not only in clinical procedures,but also while carrying out scientific research.The choice of the software to suit the user's needs should be based on the analysis of the functionality of the program.It is particularly important from the user's viewpoint to identify what data can be loaded and processed in the program.The specific programs allow the user different degree of control over analysis parameters.Moreover,the programs for MRS data analysis differ in terms of the applied signal processing algorithms.The aim of this work,therefore,is to review available packages designed for MRS data analysis,taking into account their capabilities and limitations.展开更多
Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) has great advantages in quantitative micromorphology analysis because of its conveniencein obtaining micromorphology information of materials on nanometer or atomic scale under control ...Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) has great advantages in quantitative micromorphology analysis because of its conveniencein obtaining micromorphology information of materials on nanometer or atomic scale under control of a computer. Based on an established SPM quantitative micromorphology analysis model, an SPM image analysis software Which can calculate both two- and three-dimensional micromorphology parameters is developed.展开更多
Power flow analysis is a numerical way of study of behavior of flow of electric power in an interconnected system. In order to meet the growing demands of electrical energy in an optimum way, there is a need to upgrad...Power flow analysis is a numerical way of study of behavior of flow of electric power in an interconnected system. In order to meet the growing demands of electrical energy in an optimum way, there is a need to upgrade existing systems or to install new systems. Therefore, planning of new installations and determination of best operating conditions of existing systems need power flow analysis. In this way, cost/benefit ratio for both suppliers and customers is maintained. This research involves the design and power flow analysis of IEEE-14 bus system. Newton Raphson method is applied for better efficiency and reduced computational time. Simulation analysis is conducted in ETAP software because of its excessive used in real life systems.展开更多
This paper is giving an overview of the process of requirement analysis for software development. Here I have discussed about key parts in requirement analysing, gathering relevant materials, functional analysis and a...This paper is giving an overview of the process of requirement analysis for software development. Here I have discussed about key parts in requirement analysing, gathering relevant materials, functional analysis and allocations, how to improve and make a quality process and also document development as well and many more which relates to requirement analysis process. The scope of this study is not a generalized approach but rather discuss through specific cases such as like Dutch flower case. It describes the main areas of requirement process in practice, and highlights. I hope that readers will find this paper useful in guiding them toward the knowledge and resources they needed.展开更多
The Karhunen-Loeve （KL） expansion and probabilistic collocation method （PCM） are combined and applied to an uncertainty analysis of rock failure behavior by integrating a self- developed numerical method （i.e., t...The Karhunen-Loeve （KL） expansion and probabilistic collocation method （PCM） are combined and applied to an uncertainty analysis of rock failure behavior by integrating a self- developed numerical method （i.e., the elastic-plastic cellular automaton （EPCA））. The results from the method developed are compared using the Monte Carlo Simulation （MCS） method. It is concluded that the method developed requires fewer collocations than MCS method to obtain very high accuracy and greatly reduces the computational cost. Based on the method, the elasto- plastic and elasto-brittle-plastic analyses of rocks under mechanical loadings are conducted to study the uncertainty in heterogeneous rock failure behaviour.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51890912,51979025 and 52011530189).
文摘This article presents a micro-structure tensor enhanced elasto-plastic finite element(FE)method to address strength anisotropy in three-dimensional(3D)soil slope stability analysis.The gravity increase method(GIM)is employed to analyze the stability of 3D anisotropic soil slopes.The accuracy of the proposed method is first verified against the data in the literature.We then simulate the 3D soil slope with a straight slope surface and the convex and concave slope surfaces with a 90turning corner to study the 3D effect on slope stability and the failure mechanism under anisotropy conditions.Based on our numerical results,the end effect significantly impacts the failure mechanism and safety factor.Anisotropy degree notably affects the safety factor,with higher degrees leading to deeper landslides.For concave slopes,they can be approximated by straight slopes with suitable boundary conditions to assess their stability.Furthermore,a case study of the Saint-Alban test embankment A in Quebec,Canada,is provided to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed FE model.
文摘Ensuring software quality in open⁃source environments requires adaptive mechanisms to enhance scalability,optimize service provisioning,and improve reliability.This study presents the dynamic correlation analysis technique to enhance software quality management in open⁃source environments by addressing dynamic scalability,adaptive service provisioning,and software reliability.The proposed methodology integrates a scalability metric,an optimized service provisioning model,and a weighted entropy⁃based reliability assessment to systematically improve key performance parameters.Experimental evaluation conducted on multiple open⁃source software(OSS)versions demonstrates significant improvements:scalability increased by 27.5%,service provisioning time reduced by 18.3%,and software reliability improved by 22.1%compared to baseline methods.A comparative analysis with prior works further highlights the effectiveness of this approach in ensuring adaptability,efficiency,and resilience in dynamic software ecosystems.Future work will focus on real⁃time monitoring and AI⁃driven adaptive provisioning to further enhance software quality management.
基金Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2012AA012902)the“HGJ”National Major Technological Projects(2013ZX01045-004)
文摘Software vulnerabilities are the root cause of various information security incidents while dynamic taint analysis is an emerging program analysis technique. In this paper, to maximize the use of the technique to detect software vulnerabilities, we present SwordDTA, a tool that can perform dynamic taint analysis for binaries. This tool is flexible and extensible that it can work with commodity software and hardware. It can be used to detect software vulnerabilities with vulnerability modeling and taint check. We evaluate it with a number of commonly used real-world applications. The experimental results show that SwordDTA is capable of detecting at least four kinds of softavare vulnerabilities including buffer overflow, integer overflow, division by zero and use-after-free, and is applicable for a wide range of software.
基金Project 50639100 supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The relationship between the Hoek-Brown parameters and the mechanical response of circular tunnels is il-lustrated. Closed-form and approximate solutions are given for the extent of the plastic zone and the stress and dis-placement fields under axisymmetrical and asymmetric stress conditions. For the same rock masses and under axisym-metrical stress conditions,the radius of the plastic zone in terms of Hoek-Brown criterion is generally an approximation of the radius in terms of the Mohr-Coulomb criterion. The radius in terms of the Hoek-Brown criterion is larger under low stress conditions. For poor quality rock masses (GSI<25),measures (such as grouting,setting rock bolts,etc.) that improve the GSI of rock masses are effective in improving the stability of tunnels. It is not advisable to improve the sta-bility of the tunnels by providing a small support resistance p through shotcrete,except for very poor quality jointed rock masses. Without reference to the quality of the rock mass,the disturbance factor D should not less than 0.5. Meas-ures which disturb rock masses during tunnel construction should be taken carefully when the tunnel depth increases.
文摘In this work, the finite element analysis of the elasto-plastic plate bending problems is carried out using transition rectangular plate elements. The shape functions of the transition plate elements are derived based on a practical rule. The transition plate elements are all quadrilateral and can be used to obtain efficient finite element models using minimum number of elements. The mesh convergence rates of the models including the transition elements are compared with the regular element models. To verify the developed elements, simple tests are demonstrated and various elasto-plastic problems are solved. Their results are compared with ANSYS results.
基金supported by the Special Edu-cational Research Budget(Research Promotion)[FY2009]the Special Budget(Project)[FY2010 and later years]from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports,Science and Technology(MEXT),Japansupported by the GRENE Arctic Climate Change Research Project,Japan
文摘To comprehensively understand the Arctic and Antarctic upper atmosphere, it is often crucial to analyze various data that are obtained from many regions. Infrastructure that promotes such interdisciplinary studies on the upper atmosphere has been developed by a Japanese inter-university project called the Inter-university Upper atmosphere Global Observation Network （1UGONET）. The objective of this paper is to describe the infrastructure and tools developed by IUGONET. We focus on the data analysis software. It is written in Interactive Data Language （IDL） and is a plug-in for the THEMIS Data Analysis Software suite （TDAS）, which is a set of IDL libraries used to visualize and analyze satellite- and ground-based data. We present plots of upper atmospheric data provided by IUGONET as examples of applications, and verify the usefulness of the software in the study of polar science. We discuss IUGONET＇s new and unique developments, i.e., an executable file of TDAS that can run on the IDL Virtual Machine, IDL routines to retrieve metadata from the IUGONET database, and an archive of 3-D simulation data that uses the Common Data Format so that it can easily be used with TDAS.
基金partially supported by the Japam Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (Nos. 25420232 and 16K06203)
文摘In software engineering, a scenario describes an anticipated usage of a software system. As scenarios are useful to understand the requirements and functionalities of a software system, the scenario-based analysis is widely used in various tasks, especially in the design stage of software architectures. Although researchers have proposed various scenario-based approaches to analyse software architecture, there are still limitations in this research field, and a key limitation is that scenarios are typically not formally defined and thus may contain ambiguities. As these ambiguities may lead to defects, it is desirable to reduce them as many as possible. In order to reduce ambiguity in scenario-based software architecture analysis, this paper introduces a creative computing approach to scenario-based software requirements analysis. Our work expands this idea in three directions. Firstly, we extend an architecture description language(ADL)-based language – Breeze/ADL to model the software architecture. Secondly, we use a creative rule – combinational rule(CR) to combine the vector clock algorithm for reducing the ambiguities in modelling scenarios. Then, another creative rule – transformational rule(TR) is employed to help to transform our Breeze/ADL model to a popular model – unified modelling language(UML) model. We implement our approach as a plugin of Breeze, and illustrate a running example of modelling a poetry to music system in our case study.Our results show the proposed creative approach is able to reduce ambiguities of the software architecture in practice.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(60173013)
文摘The general human factors analysis analyzes human functions,effects and influence in a system.But in a narrow sense,it analyzes human influence upon the reliability of a system,it includes traditional human reliability analysis,human error analysis,man-machine interface analysis,human character analysis,and others.A software development project in software engineering is successful or not to be completely determined by human factors.In this paper,we discuss the human factors intensions,declare the importance of human factors analysis for software engineering by listed some instances.At last,we probe preliminarily into the mentality that a practitioner in software engineering should possess.
文摘Software projects influenced by many human factors generate various risks. In order to develop highly quality software, it is important to respond to these risks reasonably and promptly. In addition, it is not easy for project managers to deal with these risks completely. Therefore, it is essential to manage the process quality by promoting activities of process monitoring and design quality assessment. In this paper, we discuss statistical data analysis for actual project management activities in process monitoring and design quality assessment, and analyze the effects for these software process improvement quantitatively by applying the methods of multivariate analysis. Then, we show how process factors affect the management measures of QCD (Quality, Cost, Delivery) by applying the multiple regression analyses to observed process monitoring data. Further, we quantitatively evaluate the effect by performing design quality assessment based on the principal component analysis and the factor analysis. As a result of analysis, we show that the design quality assessment activities are so effective for software process improvement. Further, based on the result of quantitative project assessment, we discuss the usefulness of process monitoring progress assessment by using a software reliability growth model. This result may enable us to give a useful quantitative measure of product release determination.
基金Sponsored by Changjiang Scholars Program of China (Grant No.2009-37)PhD Programs Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No.20092302110046)Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (Grant No.E200916)
文摘This paper establishes an anisotropic plastic material model to analyze the elasto-plastic behavior of masonry in plane stress state.Being an anisotropic material,masonry has different constitutive relation and fracture energies along each orthotropic axes.Considering the unique material properties of masonry,a new yield criterion for masonry is proposed combining the Hill's yield criterion and the Rankine's yield criterion.The new yield criterion not only introduces compression friction coefficient of shear but also considers yield functions for independent stress state along two material axes of tension.To solve the involved nonlinear equations in numerical analysis,several nonlinear methods are implemented,including Newton-Raphson method for nonlinear equations and Implicit Euler backward mapping algorithm to update stresses.To verify the proposed material model of masonry,a series of tests are operated.The simulation results show that the new developed material model implements successfully.Compared with isotropic material model,the proposed model performs better in elasto-plastic analysis of masonry in plane stress state.The proposed anisotropic model is capable of simulating elasto-plastic behavior of masonry and can be used in related applications.
文摘In order to make a more effective use of the data from regional digital seismograph networks and to promote the study on shear wave splitting and its application to earthquake stress-forecasting, SAM software system, i.e., the software on systematic analysis method of shear wave splitting has been developed. This paper introduces the design aims, system structure, function and characteristics about the SAM software system and shows some graphical interfaces of data input and result output. Lastly, it discusses preliminarily the study of shear wave splitting and its application to earthquake forecasting.
基金Project(51479097)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2013-KY-2)supported by State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Hydraulic Engineering,China
文摘The rigid body limit equilibrium method(RBLEM) and finite element method(FEM) are two widely used approaches for rock slope's stability analysis currently. RBLEM introduced plethoric assumptions; while traditional FEM relied on artificial factors when determining factor of safety(FOS) and sliding surfaces. Based on the definition of structure instability that an elasto-plastic structure is not stable if it is unable to satisfy simultaneously equilibrium condition, kinematical admissibility and constitutive equations under given external loads, deformation reinforcement theory(DRT) is developed. With this theory, plastic complementary energy(PCE) can be used to evaluate the overall stability of rock slope, and the unbalanced force beyond the yield surface could be the identification of local failure. Compared with traditional slope stability analysis approaches, the PCE norm curve to strength reduced factor is introduced and the unbalanced force is applied to the determination of key sliding surfaces and required reinforcement. Typical and important issues in rock slope stability are tested in TFINE(a three-dimensional nonlinear finite element program), which is further applied to several representatives of high rock slope's stability evaluation and reinforcement engineering practice in southwest of China.
文摘Reverse osmosis （RO） is proved to be the most reliable, cost effective, and energy efficient in producing fresh water compared to other desalination technologies. It is the fastest-growing desalination technology with a greater number of installations around the world. The economic and technical performance of a medium-capacity RO desalination plant （2,000 m^3/day） proposed to be installed in Umm Qasr city south of Basra, Iraq is analyzed using DEEP-3.2 software created by the International Atomic Energy Agency （IAEA）. This port city is located on the Gulf shore and does not have any fresh water resources. The analysis shows that the cost of fresh water produced by this plant is US$0.986/m^3 with a good quality of fresh water （279 ppm）, which is a reasonable price for this remote area. The analysis also shows an increase in water production cost of about 12% at increased electricity price from 0.06 to 0.1 US$/kWh, 53% when the seawater salinity increased from 35,000 to 45,000 ppm, 2.5% when the seawater temperature decreased from 33 ℃ to 20 ℃, and 0.71% when the interest rate increased from 0% to 5%. Pumping fresh water from the Basra purification plant （located 175 km north of Umm Qasr） is 22.16 times the cost and 236.7% poorer quality than the fresh water produced by the RO plant.
文摘The uncertainty during the period of software project development often brings huge risks to contractors and clients. If we can find an effective method to predict the cost and quality of software projects based on facts like the project character and two-side cooperating capability at the beginning of the project,we can reduce the risk. Bayesian Belief Network(BBN) is a good tool for analyzing uncertain consequences, but it is difficult to produce precise network structure and conditional probability table.In this paper,we built up network structure by Delphi method for conditional probability table learning,and learn update probability table and nodes’confidence levels continuously according to the application cases, which made the evaluation network have learning abilities, and evaluate the software development risk of organization more accurately.This paper also introduces EM algorithm, which will enhance the ability to produce hidden nodes caused by variant software projects.
文摘<p align="justify"> <span style="font-family:Verdana;">Amid the Covid-19 widespread, it has been challenging for educational institutions to conduct online classes, facing multiples challenges. This paper provides an insight into different approaches in facing those challenges which includes conducting a fair online class for students. It is tough for an instructor to keep track of their students at the same time because it is difficult to screen if any of the understudies within the class are not present, mindful, or drowsing. This paper discusses a possible solution, something new that can offer support to instructors seeing things from a more significant point of view. The solution is a facial analysis computer program that can let instructors know which students are attentive and who is not. There’s a green and red square box for face detection, for which Instructors can watch by seeing a green box on those mindful students conjointly, a red box on those who are not mindful at all. This paper finds that the program can automatically give attendance by analyzing data from face detection. It has other features for which the teacher can also know if any student leaves the class early. In this paper, model design, performance analysis, and online class assistant aspects of the program have been discussed.</span> </p>
文摘The magnetic resonance spectroscopy(MRS)results are greatly influenced by reconstruction of the spectrum and quantitative analysis.Because of this requirement a number of programs dedicated to MRS data analysis were developed.The selection and use of appropriate software is crucial not only in clinical procedures,but also while carrying out scientific research.The choice of the software to suit the user's needs should be based on the analysis of the functionality of the program.It is particularly important from the user's viewpoint to identify what data can be loaded and processed in the program.The specific programs allow the user different degree of control over analysis parameters.Moreover,the programs for MRS data analysis differ in terms of the applied signal processing algorithms.The aim of this work,therefore,is to review available packages designed for MRS data analysis,taking into account their capabilities and limitations.
文摘Scanning Probe Microscope (SPM) has great advantages in quantitative micromorphology analysis because of its conveniencein obtaining micromorphology information of materials on nanometer or atomic scale under control of a computer. Based on an established SPM quantitative micromorphology analysis model, an SPM image analysis software Which can calculate both two- and three-dimensional micromorphology parameters is developed.
文摘Power flow analysis is a numerical way of study of behavior of flow of electric power in an interconnected system. In order to meet the growing demands of electrical energy in an optimum way, there is a need to upgrade existing systems or to install new systems. Therefore, planning of new installations and determination of best operating conditions of existing systems need power flow analysis. In this way, cost/benefit ratio for both suppliers and customers is maintained. This research involves the design and power flow analysis of IEEE-14 bus system. Newton Raphson method is applied for better efficiency and reduced computational time. Simulation analysis is conducted in ETAP software because of its excessive used in real life systems.
文摘This paper is giving an overview of the process of requirement analysis for software development. Here I have discussed about key parts in requirement analysing, gathering relevant materials, functional analysis and allocations, how to improve and make a quality process and also document development as well and many more which relates to requirement analysis process. The scope of this study is not a generalized approach but rather discuss through specific cases such as like Dutch flower case. It describes the main areas of requirement process in practice, and highlights. I hope that readers will find this paper useful in guiding them toward the knowledge and resources they needed.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51322906 and 41272349)the National Basic Research Program of China(No.2013CB036405)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(No.2011240)
文摘The Karhunen-Loeve （KL） expansion and probabilistic collocation method （PCM） are combined and applied to an uncertainty analysis of rock failure behavior by integrating a self- developed numerical method （i.e., the elastic-plastic cellular automaton （EPCA））. The results from the method developed are compared using the Monte Carlo Simulation （MCS） method. It is concluded that the method developed requires fewer collocations than MCS method to obtain very high accuracy and greatly reduces the computational cost. Based on the method, the elasto- plastic and elasto-brittle-plastic analyses of rocks under mechanical loadings are conducted to study the uncertainty in heterogeneous rock failure behaviour.
