Background:The uropygial gland is an exocrine gland located above the tail of birds that produces a diverse range of biochemicals.It has been hypothesized to be involved in chemical protection,water-proofing and maint...Background:The uropygial gland is an exocrine gland located above the tail of birds that produces a diverse range of biochemicals.It has been hypothesized to be involved in chemical protection,water-proofing and maintenance of plumage brightness.Although these not necessarily mutually exclusive functions have received some empirical support,there has been little empirical research on the function of water-proofing.Methods:Here we analyzed data for 229 individual eiders(Somateria mollissima)collected by Danish hunters during 2016-2018.Results:The Eider is a sea-duck that spends almost its entire life in sea water emphasizing water-proofing of the plumage.The size of the uropygial gland increased with body mass in males,but not in females,and it increased with age.The size of the uropygial gland decreased during winter. Eiders with small uropygial glands grew their feathers at a fast rate.Eiders with large wing areas had large uropygial glands. Conclusions:These findings are consistent with large uropygial glands playing a role in water-proofing during molt and foraging, but also that uropygial glands may play a role in chemical defense.展开更多
Dr. Leslie Ungerleider, who together with Mortimer Mishkin established the model of ‘‘two functionally dissociated cortical visual pathways in the primate brain’’[1], passed away on December 11, 2020. Ungerleider...Dr. Leslie Ungerleider, who together with Mortimer Mishkin established the model of ‘‘two functionally dissociated cortical visual pathways in the primate brain’’[1], passed away on December 11, 2020. Ungerleider’s model of two visual pathways is one of the most profound and influential theories in contemporary neuroscience.展开更多
目的探讨品质圈(quality circle,QC)活动对重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)老年患者压疮发生率的影响。方法成立QC小组,采用回顾性调查分析的方法,调查QC活动前本科室老年患者发生压疮的情况及存在问题,组织全科护士针对压疮发生...目的探讨品质圈(quality circle,QC)活动对重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)老年患者压疮发生率的影响。方法成立QC小组,采用回顾性调查分析的方法,调查QC活动前本科室老年患者发生压疮的情况及存在问题,组织全科护士针对压疮发生的原因,制订对策,组织实施。比较实施QC活动前后老年患者压疮发生率。结果老年危重患者压疮发生率由活动前的10.64%下降到活动后的4.85%,活动前后比较,χ2=7.468,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论 QC活动可有效降低重症监护室老年患者压疮发生率,提高基础护理质量。展开更多
文摘Background:The uropygial gland is an exocrine gland located above the tail of birds that produces a diverse range of biochemicals.It has been hypothesized to be involved in chemical protection,water-proofing and maintenance of plumage brightness.Although these not necessarily mutually exclusive functions have received some empirical support,there has been little empirical research on the function of water-proofing.Methods:Here we analyzed data for 229 individual eiders(Somateria mollissima)collected by Danish hunters during 2016-2018.Results:The Eider is a sea-duck that spends almost its entire life in sea water emphasizing water-proofing of the plumage.The size of the uropygial gland increased with body mass in males,but not in females,and it increased with age.The size of the uropygial gland decreased during winter. Eiders with small uropygial glands grew their feathers at a fast rate.Eiders with large wing areas had large uropygial glands. Conclusions:These findings are consistent with large uropygial glands playing a role in water-proofing during molt and foraging, but also that uropygial glands may play a role in chemical defense.
文摘Dr. Leslie Ungerleider, who together with Mortimer Mishkin established the model of ‘‘two functionally dissociated cortical visual pathways in the primate brain’’[1], passed away on December 11, 2020. Ungerleider’s model of two visual pathways is one of the most profound and influential theories in contemporary neuroscience.
文摘目的探讨品质圈(quality circle,QC)活动对重症监护室(intensive care unit,ICU)老年患者压疮发生率的影响。方法成立QC小组,采用回顾性调查分析的方法,调查QC活动前本科室老年患者发生压疮的情况及存在问题,组织全科护士针对压疮发生的原因,制订对策,组织实施。比较实施QC活动前后老年患者压疮发生率。结果老年危重患者压疮发生率由活动前的10.64%下降到活动后的4.85%,活动前后比较,χ2=7.468,P<0.05,差异具有统计学意义。结论 QC活动可有效降低重症监护室老年患者压疮发生率,提高基础护理质量。
