In this study,we investigate the properties of the Dyonic ModMax black hole solution using strong gravitational lensing.Additionally,we calculate the time delay between two relativistic images of a background object.F...In this study,we investigate the properties of the Dyonic ModMax black hole solution using strong gravitational lensing.Additionally,we calculate the time delay between two relativistic images of a background object.First,we analyze expressions for the photon orbits in the spacetime of the Dyonic ModMax black hole.To obtain observational consequences,we provide expressions for the observable quantities,such as angular radius and magnifications.The numerous observations suggest that many nearby galaxies contain supermassive central black holes.In our model,such a supermassive black hole can be characterized by two additional parameters:γand Q.Notably,the bending angleαD(b)and the angular positionθ∞decrease with increasing charge of the black hole Q,while the parameterγdisplays opposite behavior to that of Q.By using observational data of supermassive black holes SgrA*and M87*,we obtain constraints for these parameters.展开更多
Background:Ethylhexyl triazone(EHT)and diethylhexyl butamido triazone(HEB)both belong to the recently developed class of triazine ultraviolet filters.However,their toxicity profiles remain unclear.Objective:To assess ...Background:Ethylhexyl triazone(EHT)and diethylhexyl butamido triazone(HEB)both belong to the recently developed class of triazine ultraviolet filters.However,their toxicity profiles remain unclear.Objective:To assess the genotoxic and phototoxic effects of EHT and HEB.Methods:The genotoxicity of EHT and HEB was assessed using in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assays,chromosomal aberration assays,and micronucleus assays.Meanwhile,their phototoxicity was evaluated using in vitro 3T3 neutral red uptake(NRU)phototoxicity assays and in vivo skin phototoxicity tests.Results:In the bacterial reverse mutation assay,the number of bacterial colonies was not significantly higher in the EHT and HEB groups than in the solvent control group.Similarly,the chromosomal aberration assay revealed no increase in aberration rates after either EHT or HEB treatment.In the micronucleus assay,the frequency of micronuclei was comparable between the treatment and control groups.Finally,based on the 3T3 NRU phototoxicity assay,both EHT and HEB(photo-irritation factor<2 and mean photo effect value<0.1)were classified as non-phototoxic.The skin phototoxicity test in vivo showed the same results as in vitro.Conclusion:Results from a series of genotoxicity and phototoxicity assays indicate that EHT and HEB possess neither genotoxic nor phototoxic potential.These findings provide experimental evidence supporting the safety of EHT and HEB for topical applications.展开更多
文摘In this study,we investigate the properties of the Dyonic ModMax black hole solution using strong gravitational lensing.Additionally,we calculate the time delay between two relativistic images of a background object.First,we analyze expressions for the photon orbits in the spacetime of the Dyonic ModMax black hole.To obtain observational consequences,we provide expressions for the observable quantities,such as angular radius and magnifications.The numerous observations suggest that many nearby galaxies contain supermassive central black holes.In our model,such a supermassive black hole can be characterized by two additional parameters:γand Q.Notably,the bending angleαD(b)and the angular positionθ∞decrease with increasing charge of the black hole Q,while the parameterγdisplays opposite behavior to that of Q.By using observational data of supermassive black holes SgrA*and M87*,we obtain constraints for these parameters.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81600459)National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(No.2016CFB312)+3 种基金Talent Introduction Project of Hubei Polytechnic University(No.15xjz03R)Industry-University Collaboration(No.KY2023-269)Hubei Key Laboratory of Kidney Disease Pathogenesis and Intervention Foundation(No.SB202103)Provincial College Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.S202210920011).
文摘Background:Ethylhexyl triazone(EHT)and diethylhexyl butamido triazone(HEB)both belong to the recently developed class of triazine ultraviolet filters.However,their toxicity profiles remain unclear.Objective:To assess the genotoxic and phototoxic effects of EHT and HEB.Methods:The genotoxicity of EHT and HEB was assessed using in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assays,chromosomal aberration assays,and micronucleus assays.Meanwhile,their phototoxicity was evaluated using in vitro 3T3 neutral red uptake(NRU)phototoxicity assays and in vivo skin phototoxicity tests.Results:In the bacterial reverse mutation assay,the number of bacterial colonies was not significantly higher in the EHT and HEB groups than in the solvent control group.Similarly,the chromosomal aberration assay revealed no increase in aberration rates after either EHT or HEB treatment.In the micronucleus assay,the frequency of micronuclei was comparable between the treatment and control groups.Finally,based on the 3T3 NRU phototoxicity assay,both EHT and HEB(photo-irritation factor<2 and mean photo effect value<0.1)were classified as non-phototoxic.The skin phototoxicity test in vivo showed the same results as in vitro.Conclusion:Results from a series of genotoxicity and phototoxicity assays indicate that EHT and HEB possess neither genotoxic nor phototoxic potential.These findings provide experimental evidence supporting the safety of EHT and HEB for topical applications.
