Rapidly improving infertile croplands and enhancing their soil organic carbon(SOC)pool necessitate substantial organic materials incorporation.Converting loose crop straw into granulated form facilitates uniform incor...Rapidly improving infertile croplands and enhancing their soil organic carbon(SOC)pool necessitate substantial organic materials incorporation.Converting loose crop straw into granulated form facilitates uniform incorporation within the plough soil layer.As an innovative soil amelioration approach,the efficiency and patterns of SOC accumulation remain unclear.Two field experiments were conducted in infertile subtropical upland and paddy soils with 0,30,60,and 90 Mg ha^(-1)granulated straw incorporation.After one year,SOC accumulation efficiency from straw input remained stable in upland(30.8–37.5%)with increasing amounts of straw incorporation,while declined from 60.0 to 38.3%in paddy.In both croplands,the contributions of lignin phenols to SOC increased with increasing straw incorporation,while the contributions from amino sugars remained constant at higher straw input levels.Subsequently,the ratios of lignin phenols to amino sugars increased with increasing straw incorporation,indicating faster plant residue accumulation compared to microbial necromass,as the granulation approach limited microbial involvement in straw transformation.Thus,single-time incorporation of substantial granulated straw presents an effective agricultural strategy for rapid amelioration of infertile croplands.展开更多
CRISPR-Cas system has been widely adapted as a platform for genome editing in various eukaryotic organisms, including zebrafish（Cong et al., 2013; Hwang et al., 2013）. One of the important applications of CRISPR-Cas...CRISPR-Cas system has been widely adapted as a platform for genome editing in various eukaryotic organisms, including zebrafish（Cong et al., 2013; Hwang et al., 2013）. One of the important applications of CRISPR-Cas9 system is to produce double-strand DNA breaks（DSBs） at targeted sites with guide RNA（gRNA）.展开更多
Microbes play important roles in the transport and transformation of selenium(Se) in the environment, thereby influencing plant resistance to Se and Se accumulation in plant. The objectives are to characterize the bac...Microbes play important roles in the transport and transformation of selenium(Se) in the environment, thereby influencing plant resistance to Se and Se accumulation in plant. The objectives are to characterize the bacteria with high Se tolerance and reduction capacity and explore the significance of microbial origins on their Se tolerance, reduction rate and efficiency. Two bacterial strains were isolated from a naturally occurred Se-rich soil at tea orchard in southern Anhui Province, China. The reduction kinetics of selenite was investigated and the reducing product was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy. The bacteria were identified as Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Lysinibacillus macrolides,respectively, using morphological, physiological and molecular methods. The results showed that the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of selenite for L. xylanilyticus and L. macrolides were 120 and 220 mmol/L, respectively, while MICs of selenate for L.xylanilyticus and L. macrolides were 800 and 700 mmol/L, respectively. Both strains aerobically reduced selenite with an initial concentration of 1.0 mmol/L to elemental Se nanoparticles(SeNPs) completely within 36 hr. Biogenic SeNPs were observed both inside and outside the cells suggesting either an intra-or extracellular reduction process. Our study implied that the microbes from Se-rich environments were more tolerant to Se and generally quicker and more efficient than those from Se-free habitats in the reduction of Se oxyanions. The bacterial strains with high Se reduction capacity and the biological synthesized Se NPs would have potential applications in agriculture, food, environment and medicine.展开更多
Mixed contaminated brownfield sites have brought serious risks to human health and environmental safety. With the purpose of removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and heavy metals from a coking plant site...Mixed contaminated brownfield sites have brought serious risks to human health and environmental safety. With the purpose of removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and heavy metals from a coking plant site, an innovative technology for ex-situ washing was developed in the present work. The combination of 15.0 mLL-1 soybean oil and 7.5 g L-1 tea saponin proved an effective method to extract co-pollutants from soil. After two consecutive washing cycles, the efficiency rates of removal for 3-, 4-, 5（＋6）-ring, and total PAHs, Cd, and Ni were approximately 98.2%, 96.4%, 92.3%, 96.3%, 94.1%, and 89.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, as evaluated by Tenax extraction method and metal stability indices, the residual PAHs and heavy metals after consecutive washing mainly existed in the form with extremely low bioaccessibility in the soil. Thus, in the soil after two washing cycles, there appeared limited environmental transfer risk of co-pollutants. Moreover, a subsequent precipitation method with alkaline solution and PAH- degrading strain Sphingobium sp. PHE9 inoculation effectively removed 84.6%-100% of Cd, 82.5%-91.7% of Ni, and 92.6%-98.4% of PAHs from the first and second washing solvents. The recovered solvents also exhibited a high recycling effectiveness. Therefore, the combined cleanup strategy proposed in this study proved environmentally friendly, which also played a major role in risk assessment and marlagement in mixed polluted sites.展开更多
School is an important place for teaching and educating people, and the spread of ideas, ideas and knowledge depends on the development of campus activities. The realization of efficient dissemination of campus activi...School is an important place for teaching and educating people, and the spread of ideas, ideas and knowledge depends on the development of campus activities. The realization of efficient dissemination of campus activities will help to enhance the function and value of school education and promote the common progress of teachers and students. In the new media era, great changes have taken place in peoples life, learning habits and reading styles. Campus activity communication also needs to keep pace with social development to achieve optimization and improvement. The article briefly introduces the "new media", and puts forward the idea of realizing the efficient communication of campus activities from the aspects of the form, content, operation mode, form and communication technology of the dissemination of information title, aiming to promote the effectiveness of public opinion propaganda in schools at all levels.展开更多
For effectively removing the water-based drilling fluid filter cake and improving interfacial cementing strength and cementing quality,a new type of cementation flushing fluid(WD-C)was developed based on the strong fl...For effectively removing the water-based drilling fluid filter cake and improving interfacial cementing strength and cementing quality,a new type of cementation flushing fluid(WD-C)was developed based on the strong flushing principle of water soluble fiber and the oxygenolysis principle of filter cake.It is composed of 0.5%WF-H fiber,2.2%WF-O oxidant,0.35%FeSO_(4),1.8%KCl,3.0%swollen powder perlite and water with its density of 1.03 g/cm^(3).This cementation flushing fluid was systematically tested and evaluated in terms of its washing efficiency on the filter cake of water-based drilling fluid and its capacity to improve the bonding strength of cementation interface.In addition,an analysis was performed of its effect on the physical-chemical characteristics and the micro-structures of interfacial cements by means of infrared spectrum(IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray detector(EDS).It is shown that the new cementation flushing fluid presents excellent washing effect on water-based drilling fluid filter cake(with washing time within 10 min).The cement particles at the cemented interface can be hydrated normally,and hydrated calcium silicate gel,Ca(OH)_(2)and rod-shaped ettringite(AFt)crystal are generated and interwoven with each other.In this way,dense network structures are formed,so the bonding strength of the second cementing interface rises significantly,and then cementing quality is improved.Based on the research results,one more technology is set up for removing the water-based drilling fluid filter cake efficiently and improving the bonding strength of the second cementing interface.展开更多
Photorespiration consumes photosynthetically fixed carbon and reduces yields by 20%–50%in C3 crops.In an attempt to increase photosynthetic efficiency in rice by bypassing the carbon-consuming process of photorespira...Photorespiration consumes photosynthetically fixed carbon and reduces yields by 20%–50%in C3 crops.In an attempt to increase photosynthetic efficiency in rice by bypassing the carbon-consuming process of photorespiration,a photorespiratory bypass consisting of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii glycolate dehydrogenase and Cucurbita maxima malate synthase(termed the GMS bypass)was introduced into the rice cultivar Zhonghua 11 and osplgg1b,a mutant of the rice chloroplast glycolate transporter,to generate GMS/ZH11 and GMS/osplgg1b transgenic plants.The GMS bypass reduced photorespiration and increased photosynthesis in the transgenic plants.The straw biomass of GMS/ZH11 and GMS/osplgg1b increased by up to 16.0%and 85.7%,respectively.The yield of GMS/ZH11 increased by 22.0%–34.7%in paddy fields.Thus,the GMS bypass can increase photosynthetic efficiency and yield in rice.展开更多
This paper reports the experimental realization of efficiently sorting vector beams by polarization topological charge （PTC）. The PTC of a vector beam can be defined as the repetition number of polarization state ch...This paper reports the experimental realization of efficiently sorting vector beams by polarization topological charge （PTC）. The PTC of a vector beam can be defined as the repetition number of polarization state change along the azimuthal axis, while its sign stands for the rotating direction of the polarization. Here, a couple of liquid crystal Pancharatnam-Berry optical dements （PBOEs） have been used to introduce conjugated spatial phase modulations for two orthogonal circular polarization states. Applying these PBOEs in a 4-foptical system, our experiments show the setup can work for PTC sorting with a separation efficiency of more than 58%. This work provides an effective way to decode information from different PTCs, which may be interesting in many fields, especially in optical communication.展开更多
Low-frequency signals have been widely found in the conventional oil/gas field and volcanic region as well as during hydraulic fracturing of unconventional oil/gas reservoirs.Their generation mechanism has been ascrib...Low-frequency signals have been widely found in the conventional oil/gas field and volcanic region as well as during hydraulic fracturing of unconventional oil/gas reservoirs.Their generation mechanism has been ascribed to the flow of gas/fluid in the fractures,which can induce the Krauklis wave around fractures and can further excite low-frequency seismic body wave signals at diffraction points.Thus,it is theoretically feasible to determine the gas/fluid enrichment areas and migration pathways by locating the low-frequency signals.Here we have utilized a surface dense seismic array deployed above the Sijiazhuang coal mine in Shanxi province to detect and locate such low-frequency signals that are dominant in the frequency range of 1.5–4.0 Hz.Waveform migrationbased location method is employed to locate these signals that have low signal to noise ratios.We further compare the distribution of low-frequency signals and coalbed methane concentrations that are estimated based on ambient noise tomography result with the same seismic array.The spatial consistency between low-frequency signals and coalbed methane enrichment areas suggests that detecting and locating low-frequency signals with a surface seismic array is an efficient way to identify gas enrichment areas and potential gas migration pathways.展开更多
The electrocatalytic reduction of nitric oxide for ammonia synthesis(NORR)is a key green energy conversion technology.Its efficiency relies on high-performance electrocatalysts to enhance both ammonia yield(Y_(NH3))an...The electrocatalytic reduction of nitric oxide for ammonia synthesis(NORR)is a key green energy conversion technology.Its efficiency relies on high-performance electrocatalysts to enhance both ammonia yield(Y_(NH3))and Faradaic efficiency(F_(NH3)).However,conventional experimental methods for screening high-activity NORR catalysts often entail high resource consumption and time costs.Machine learning combined with SHAP feature analysis was employed to establish a stacked ensemble model that integrates multiple algorithms,to allow for a systematic investigation of the key descriptors governing NORR performance based on an experimental dataset.Evaluation of eight model algorithms revealed that the Stacked-SVR model achieved an R^(2)of 0.9223 and an RMSE of 0.0608 for predicting on the test set,whereas the Stacked-RF model achieved an R^(2)of 0.9042 and an RMSE of 0.0900 for predicting.The stacked ensemble model integrates the strengths of individual algorithms and demonstrates strong NORR prediction performance while avoiding overfitting.SHAP feature analysis results revealed that the Cu content in the catalyst composition has the most significant impact on catalytic performance.Moreover,the combination of the wet chemical reduction synthesis,a carbon fiber(CF)conductive substrate,and HCl electrolyte is more favorable for enhancing catalytic activity.Additionally,moderately lowering the working potential,controlling the electrolyte volume at low to medium levels,reducing catalyst loading,and increasing electrolyte concentration were found to synergistically enhance both and.展开更多
Gas wells often encounter blockages in gas recovery channels owing to fluid accumulation during the later stages of extraction,which adversely affects subsequent recovery efforts.These undesirable conditions(e.g.,high...Gas wells often encounter blockages in gas recovery channels owing to fluid accumulation during the later stages of extraction,which adversely affects subsequent recovery efforts.These undesirable conditions(e.g.,high condensate content,high temperature,and high salinity)often affect foaming agent performance.In this study,surfactants were screened using an airflow method that closely resembles field treatment method.Notably,alcohol ether sulfates(AE_(n)S)with various polyoxyethylene(EO)units demonstrated exceptional performance in terms of liquid unloading efficiency and foam stability.At 80℃,the unloading efficiency of AE_(n)S with two EO units(AE_(2)S)in a high NaCl mass concentration(up to 200 g/L)and high condensate volume fraction(up to 20%)reached 84%.The dynamic surface tension and interfacial tension measured at the same temperature were used to analyze the influence of the diffusion rate and interfacial characteristics on the AE_(n)S foam,while the viscosity and liquid film thickness measurements reflected the mechanical strength and liquid-carrying capacity.In addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)revealed that AE_(2)S formed“dendritic”micellar aggregates at a high NaCl mass concentration,which significantly enhanced the viscosity and stability of the foam.The interactions among AE_(n)S,NaCl,and H2O were analyzed using molecular dynamics,and it was confirmed from a molecular mechanics perspective that a stable structure can form among the three,contributing to the foam stability.These findings demonstrate the significant potential of the AE_(2)S foam for gas well deliquification.展开更多
High-performance deep-blue emitters that meet the BT.2020 standard proposed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remain highly limited.In this work,four deep-blue em...High-performance deep-blue emitters that meet the BT.2020 standard proposed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remain highly limited.In this work,four deep-blue emitters,PP1M,PP2M,PP3M,and PP4M,are designed and synthesized by connecting methylsubstituted biphenyl groups with classical hot exciton building block of phenanthreneimidazole.The introduction of methyl groups contributes to increase the molecular torsion angle and widen the energy gaps for the four compounds.Through appropriate modulation of substitution site,PP3M achieves the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 85.3%in neat film.As a result,the PP3M-based device exhibits deep-blue light with external quantum efficiency of 7.2%and suppressed efficiency roll-off.The device also shows a small full width at half maximum of 53 nm and the CIE coordinates locate at(0.16,0.04),meeting well with the BT.2020 standard.The high exciton utilization efficiency is primarily ascribed to the hot exciton pathway.This study provides a reliable insight for the design of efficient deep-blue OLEDs with high color purity.展开更多
A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescenc...A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties.All calculations were performed using density functional theory(DFT)and time‑dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Calculations for electronic structures,frontier molecular orbital characteristics(which determine the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complexes),and photophysical properties were conducted using the Gaussian 09 software package.The calculation of spin‑orbit coupling matrix elements<T|HSOC|S>,which determine the TADF properties of the complexes,was performed using the ORCA software package.The calculation results show that the auxiliary ligand tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate(tpip),a strong electron‑withdrawing group,can mitigate the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complex.Furthermore,TADF is observed in one of the designed complexes,(F_(3)Phppy)_(2)Ir(tpip),where F_(3)Phppy=2‑[4‑(2,4,6‑trifluorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine.展开更多
The rapid growth in available network bandwidth has directly contributed to an exponential increase in mobile data traffic,creating significant challenges for network energy consumption.Also,with the extraordinary gro...The rapid growth in available network bandwidth has directly contributed to an exponential increase in mobile data traffic,creating significant challenges for network energy consumption.Also,with the extraordinary growth of mobile communications,the data traffic has dramatically expanded,which has led to massive grid power consumption and incurred high operating expenditure(OPEX).However,the majority of current network designs struggle to efficientlymanage a massive amount of data using little power,which degrades energy efficiency performance.Thereby,it is necessary to have an efficient mechanism to reduce power consumption when processing large amounts of data in network data centers.Utilizing renewable energy sources to power the Cloud Radio Access Network(C-RAN)greatly reduces the need to purchase energy from the utility grid.In this paper,we propose a bandwidth-aware hybrid energypowered C-RAN that focuses on throughput and energy efficiency(EE)by lowering grid usage,aiming to enhance the EE.This paper examines the energy efficiency,spectral efficiency(SE),and average on-grid energy consumption,dealing with the major challenges of the temporal and spatial nature of traffic and renewable energy generation across various network setups.To assess the effectiveness of the suggested network by changing the transmission bandwidth,a comprehensive simulation has been conducted.The numerical findings support the efficacy of the suggested approach.展开更多
Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanical engineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industr...Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanical engineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry to communicate on investigations,innovation,research and development of energy efficiency in buildings.The Journal has been classified into the“Catalog of High-quality Sci-Tech Journals of Building Science(2020,T3)”by the Architectural Society of China(ASC),certificated as the“Source Journal for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations”by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC)since 2013 and the“China Core Academic Journal of RCCSE”by Library of Wuhan University and other cooperating institutes since 2014.展开更多
Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanicalengineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry...Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanicalengineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry to communicate on investigations,innovation,research and development of energy efficiency in buildings.The Journal has been classified into the“Catalog of High-quality Sci-Tech Journals of Building Science(2020,T3)”by the Architectural Society of China(ASC),certificated as the“Source Journal for Chinese Scientificand Technical Papers and Citations”by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC)since 2013and the“China Core Academic Journal of RCCSE”by Library of Wuhan University and other cooperating institutes since 2014.展开更多
Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanical engineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industr...Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanical engineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry to communicate on investigations,innovation,research and development of energy efficiency in buildings.The Journal has been classified into the“Catalog of High-quality Sci-Tech Journals of Building Science(2020,T3)”by the Architectural Society of China(ASC),certificated as the“Source Journal for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations”by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC)since 2013 and the“China Core Academic Journal of RCCSE”by Library of Wuhan University and other cooperating institutes since 2014.展开更多
Organic room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials are promising for bioimaging applications due to their tunable structures,excellent biocompatibility,and long-lived luminescence.However,the development of highly...Organic room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials are promising for bioimaging applications due to their tunable structures,excellent biocompatibility,and long-lived luminescence.However,the development of highly efficient organic RTP materials for aqueous systems remains challenging,as the organic phosphorescence is prone to being quenched by the dissolved oxygen in water.Herein,heteroaromatic carboxylic acids serve as ligand vips to construct a series of host-vip composites with nontoxic,dense EDTA-M(M=Ca,Mg,and Al)coordination polymer in water.These composites exhibit ultra-long pure RTP of vip molecules with phosphorescence quantum yield up to 53%,and lifetime up to 589.7 ms,due to the synergistic effect of dual-network structure:a coordinatively cross-linked network of EDTA-M,and a non-covalent bonded network formed by ligands and water molecules.The phosphorescence intensity is more than three times that of the composite with a single coordination network.Notably,the dual-network configuration can form a rigid and dense structure and block the intrusion of external H_(2)O and O_(2) molecules to avoid phosphorescence quenching in water.As a result,the RTP of the composites remains unchanged after 1 month in water.Furthermore,the nanoparticles fabricated from composites and anionic surfactants can be successfully applied in in vivo imaging of mice for the stable RTP in water.This work provides a novel strategy for the development of high-performance RTP materials in aqueous systems.展开更多
The integrated nested Laplace approximation(INLA)algorithm provides a computationally efficient approach for approximate Bayesian inference,overcoming the limitations of traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)metho...The integrated nested Laplace approximation(INLA)algorithm provides a computationally efficient approach for approximate Bayesian inference,overcoming the limitations of traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)methods.This paper reviews INLA algorithm and provides a systematic review of six key books that explore the theoretical foundations,practical implementations,and diverse applications of INLA.These six books cover spatial and spatio-temporal modelling,general Bayesian inference,SPDE-based spatial analysis,geospatial health data,regression modelling,and dynamic time series.In addition,these books highlight the versatility of INLA method in handling complex models while maintaining high computational efficiency.This paper begins with an introduction to the INLA method and algorithm,followed by a systematic review of six key publications in the field.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2021YFD1901203 and 2021YFD1901204)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDA0440404)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(42377348)the Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hunan Province,China(2024JJ2052)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi,China(2025GXNSFAA069337)。
文摘Rapidly improving infertile croplands and enhancing their soil organic carbon(SOC)pool necessitate substantial organic materials incorporation.Converting loose crop straw into granulated form facilitates uniform incorporation within the plough soil layer.As an innovative soil amelioration approach,the efficiency and patterns of SOC accumulation remain unclear.Two field experiments were conducted in infertile subtropical upland and paddy soils with 0,30,60,and 90 Mg ha^(-1)granulated straw incorporation.After one year,SOC accumulation efficiency from straw input remained stable in upland(30.8–37.5%)with increasing amounts of straw incorporation,while declined from 60.0 to 38.3%in paddy.In both croplands,the contributions of lignin phenols to SOC increased with increasing straw incorporation,while the contributions from amino sugars remained constant at higher straw input levels.Subsequently,the ratios of lignin phenols to amino sugars increased with increasing straw incorporation,indicating faster plant residue accumulation compared to microbial necromass,as the granulation approach limited microbial involvement in straw transformation.Thus,single-time incorporation of substantial granulated straw presents an effective agricultural strategy for rapid amelioration of infertile croplands.
基金supported by the funding from the Science and Technology Program of Shenzhen (JCYJ20150924110425180 and JCYJ20151030170755264)
文摘CRISPR-Cas system has been widely adapted as a platform for genome editing in various eukaryotic organisms, including zebrafish（Cong et al., 2013; Hwang et al., 2013）. One of the important applications of CRISPR-Cas9 system is to produce double-strand DNA breaks（DSBs） at targeted sites with guide RNA（gRNA）.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41771355)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(No.1508085SMC211)the Key Project of Outstanding Young Talent Support Program in Universities of Anhui Province(No.gxyqZD2016025)
文摘Microbes play important roles in the transport and transformation of selenium(Se) in the environment, thereby influencing plant resistance to Se and Se accumulation in plant. The objectives are to characterize the bacteria with high Se tolerance and reduction capacity and explore the significance of microbial origins on their Se tolerance, reduction rate and efficiency. Two bacterial strains were isolated from a naturally occurred Se-rich soil at tea orchard in southern Anhui Province, China. The reduction kinetics of selenite was investigated and the reducing product was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy. The bacteria were identified as Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Lysinibacillus macrolides,respectively, using morphological, physiological and molecular methods. The results showed that the minimal inhibitory concentrations(MICs) of selenite for L. xylanilyticus and L. macrolides were 120 and 220 mmol/L, respectively, while MICs of selenate for L.xylanilyticus and L. macrolides were 800 and 700 mmol/L, respectively. Both strains aerobically reduced selenite with an initial concentration of 1.0 mmol/L to elemental Se nanoparticles(SeNPs) completely within 36 hr. Biogenic SeNPs were observed both inside and outside the cells suggesting either an intra-or extracellular reduction process. Our study implied that the microbes from Se-rich environments were more tolerant to Se and generally quicker and more efficient than those from Se-free habitats in the reduction of Se oxyanions. The bacterial strains with high Se reduction capacity and the biological synthesized Se NPs would have potential applications in agriculture, food, environment and medicine.
基金financially supported by the Leading Project of the Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISSASIP1655)Jiangsu Municipal Natural Science Foundation, China (Nos. BK20141050 and BK20140723)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 2014CB441105, 41401254, 41401347, and 41401345)
文摘Mixed contaminated brownfield sites have brought serious risks to human health and environmental safety. With the purpose of removing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons （PAHs） and heavy metals from a coking plant site, an innovative technology for ex-situ washing was developed in the present work. The combination of 15.0 mLL-1 soybean oil and 7.5 g L-1 tea saponin proved an effective method to extract co-pollutants from soil. After two consecutive washing cycles, the efficiency rates of removal for 3-, 4-, 5（＋6）-ring, and total PAHs, Cd, and Ni were approximately 98.2%, 96.4%, 92.3%, 96.3%, 94.1%, and 89.4%, respectively. Meanwhile, as evaluated by Tenax extraction method and metal stability indices, the residual PAHs and heavy metals after consecutive washing mainly existed in the form with extremely low bioaccessibility in the soil. Thus, in the soil after two washing cycles, there appeared limited environmental transfer risk of co-pollutants. Moreover, a subsequent precipitation method with alkaline solution and PAH- degrading strain Sphingobium sp. PHE9 inoculation effectively removed 84.6%-100% of Cd, 82.5%-91.7% of Ni, and 92.6%-98.4% of PAHs from the first and second washing solvents. The recovered solvents also exhibited a high recycling effectiveness. Therefore, the combined cleanup strategy proposed in this study proved environmentally friendly, which also played a major role in risk assessment and marlagement in mixed polluted sites.
文摘School is an important place for teaching and educating people, and the spread of ideas, ideas and knowledge depends on the development of campus activities. The realization of efficient dissemination of campus activities will help to enhance the function and value of school education and promote the common progress of teachers and students. In the new media era, great changes have taken place in peoples life, learning habits and reading styles. Campus activity communication also needs to keep pace with social development to achieve optimization and improvement. The article briefly introduces the "new media", and puts forward the idea of realizing the efficient communication of campus activities from the aspects of the form, content, operation mode, form and communication technology of the dissemination of information title, aiming to promote the effectiveness of public opinion propaganda in schools at all levels.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grand No.51174226)National Science and Technology Major Project(Grand No.2009ZX05060)。
文摘For effectively removing the water-based drilling fluid filter cake and improving interfacial cementing strength and cementing quality,a new type of cementation flushing fluid(WD-C)was developed based on the strong flushing principle of water soluble fiber and the oxygenolysis principle of filter cake.It is composed of 0.5%WF-H fiber,2.2%WF-O oxidant,0.35%FeSO_(4),1.8%KCl,3.0%swollen powder perlite and water with its density of 1.03 g/cm^(3).This cementation flushing fluid was systematically tested and evaluated in terms of its washing efficiency on the filter cake of water-based drilling fluid and its capacity to improve the bonding strength of cementation interface.In addition,an analysis was performed of its effect on the physical-chemical characteristics and the micro-structures of interfacial cements by means of infrared spectrum(IR),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-ray detector(EDS).It is shown that the new cementation flushing fluid presents excellent washing effect on water-based drilling fluid filter cake(with washing time within 10 min).The cement particles at the cemented interface can be hydrated normally,and hydrated calcium silicate gel,Ca(OH)_(2)and rod-shaped ettringite(AFt)crystal are generated and interwoven with each other.In this way,dense network structures are formed,so the bonding strength of the second cementing interface rises significantly,and then cementing quality is improved.Based on the research results,one more technology is set up for removing the water-based drilling fluid filter cake efficiently and improving the bonding strength of the second cementing interface.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0907600)the Biological Breeding-National Science and Technology Major Project(2024ZD04080)+1 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270252)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515011085).
文摘Photorespiration consumes photosynthetically fixed carbon and reduces yields by 20%–50%in C3 crops.In an attempt to increase photosynthetic efficiency in rice by bypassing the carbon-consuming process of photorespiration,a photorespiratory bypass consisting of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii glycolate dehydrogenase and Cucurbita maxima malate synthase(termed the GMS bypass)was introduced into the rice cultivar Zhonghua 11 and osplgg1b,a mutant of the rice chloroplast glycolate transporter,to generate GMS/ZH11 and GMS/osplgg1b transgenic plants.The GMS bypass reduced photorespiration and increased photosynthesis in the transgenic plants.The straw biomass of GMS/ZH11 and GMS/osplgg1b increased by up to 16.0%and 85.7%,respectively.The yield of GMS/ZH11 increased by 22.0%–34.7%in paddy fields.Thus,the GMS bypass can increase photosynthetic efficiency and yield in rice.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(61490710,61705132,61775142)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2016B050501005)Specialized Research Fund for the Shenzhen Strategic Emerging Industries Development(JCYJ20170412105812811)
文摘This paper reports the experimental realization of efficiently sorting vector beams by polarization topological charge （PTC）. The PTC of a vector beam can be defined as the repetition number of polarization state change along the azimuthal axis, while its sign stands for the rotating direction of the polarization. Here, a couple of liquid crystal Pancharatnam-Berry optical dements （PBOEs） have been used to introduce conjugated spatial phase modulations for two orthogonal circular polarization states. Applying these PBOEs in a 4-foptical system, our experiments show the setup can work for PTC sorting with a separation efficiency of more than 58%. This work provides an effective way to decode information from different PTCs, which may be interesting in many fields, especially in optical communication.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant 41961134991。
文摘Low-frequency signals have been widely found in the conventional oil/gas field and volcanic region as well as during hydraulic fracturing of unconventional oil/gas reservoirs.Their generation mechanism has been ascribed to the flow of gas/fluid in the fractures,which can induce the Krauklis wave around fractures and can further excite low-frequency seismic body wave signals at diffraction points.Thus,it is theoretically feasible to determine the gas/fluid enrichment areas and migration pathways by locating the low-frequency signals.Here we have utilized a surface dense seismic array deployed above the Sijiazhuang coal mine in Shanxi province to detect and locate such low-frequency signals that are dominant in the frequency range of 1.5–4.0 Hz.Waveform migrationbased location method is employed to locate these signals that have low signal to noise ratios.We further compare the distribution of low-frequency signals and coalbed methane concentrations that are estimated based on ambient noise tomography result with the same seismic array.The spatial consistency between low-frequency signals and coalbed methane enrichment areas suggests that detecting and locating low-frequency signals with a surface seismic array is an efficient way to identify gas enrichment areas and potential gas migration pathways.
文摘The electrocatalytic reduction of nitric oxide for ammonia synthesis(NORR)is a key green energy conversion technology.Its efficiency relies on high-performance electrocatalysts to enhance both ammonia yield(Y_(NH3))and Faradaic efficiency(F_(NH3)).However,conventional experimental methods for screening high-activity NORR catalysts often entail high resource consumption and time costs.Machine learning combined with SHAP feature analysis was employed to establish a stacked ensemble model that integrates multiple algorithms,to allow for a systematic investigation of the key descriptors governing NORR performance based on an experimental dataset.Evaluation of eight model algorithms revealed that the Stacked-SVR model achieved an R^(2)of 0.9223 and an RMSE of 0.0608 for predicting on the test set,whereas the Stacked-RF model achieved an R^(2)of 0.9042 and an RMSE of 0.0900 for predicting.The stacked ensemble model integrates the strengths of individual algorithms and demonstrates strong NORR prediction performance while avoiding overfitting.SHAP feature analysis results revealed that the Cu content in the catalyst composition has the most significant impact on catalytic performance.Moreover,the combination of the wet chemical reduction synthesis,a carbon fiber(CF)conductive substrate,and HCl electrolyte is more favorable for enhancing catalytic activity.Additionally,moderately lowering the working potential,controlling the electrolyte volume at low to medium levels,reducing catalyst loading,and increasing electrolyte concentration were found to synergistically enhance both and.
文摘Gas wells often encounter blockages in gas recovery channels owing to fluid accumulation during the later stages of extraction,which adversely affects subsequent recovery efforts.These undesirable conditions(e.g.,high condensate content,high temperature,and high salinity)often affect foaming agent performance.In this study,surfactants were screened using an airflow method that closely resembles field treatment method.Notably,alcohol ether sulfates(AE_(n)S)with various polyoxyethylene(EO)units demonstrated exceptional performance in terms of liquid unloading efficiency and foam stability.At 80℃,the unloading efficiency of AE_(n)S with two EO units(AE_(2)S)in a high NaCl mass concentration(up to 200 g/L)and high condensate volume fraction(up to 20%)reached 84%.The dynamic surface tension and interfacial tension measured at the same temperature were used to analyze the influence of the diffusion rate and interfacial characteristics on the AE_(n)S foam,while the viscosity and liquid film thickness measurements reflected the mechanical strength and liquid-carrying capacity.In addition,transmission electron microscopy(TEM)revealed that AE_(2)S formed“dendritic”micellar aggregates at a high NaCl mass concentration,which significantly enhanced the viscosity and stability of the foam.The interactions among AE_(n)S,NaCl,and H2O were analyzed using molecular dynamics,and it was confirmed from a molecular mechanics perspective that a stable structure can form among the three,contributing to the foam stability.These findings demonstrate the significant potential of the AE_(2)S foam for gas well deliquification.
文摘High-performance deep-blue emitters that meet the BT.2020 standard proposed by the International Telecommunication Union(ITU)for organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)remain highly limited.In this work,four deep-blue emitters,PP1M,PP2M,PP3M,and PP4M,are designed and synthesized by connecting methylsubstituted biphenyl groups with classical hot exciton building block of phenanthreneimidazole.The introduction of methyl groups contributes to increase the molecular torsion angle and widen the energy gaps for the four compounds.Through appropriate modulation of substitution site,PP3M achieves the highest photoluminescence quantum yield of 85.3%in neat film.As a result,the PP3M-based device exhibits deep-blue light with external quantum efficiency of 7.2%and suppressed efficiency roll-off.The device also shows a small full width at half maximum of 53 nm and the CIE coordinates locate at(0.16,0.04),meeting well with the BT.2020 standard.The high exciton utilization efficiency is primarily ascribed to the hot exciton pathway.This study provides a reliable insight for the design of efficient deep-blue OLEDs with high color purity.
文摘A series of blue and blue‑green Ir(Ⅲ)complexes has been investigated theoretically to explore their electronic structures,photophysical properties,efficiency roll‑off effect,and thermal activation delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties.All calculations were performed using density functional theory(DFT)and time‑dependent density functional theory(TDDFT).Calculations for electronic structures,frontier molecular orbital characteristics(which determine the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complexes),and photophysical properties were conducted using the Gaussian 09 software package.The calculation of spin‑orbit coupling matrix elements<T|HSOC|S>,which determine the TADF properties of the complexes,was performed using the ORCA software package.The calculation results show that the auxiliary ligand tetraphenylimidodiphosphinate(tpip),a strong electron‑withdrawing group,can mitigate the efficiency roll‑off effect of the complex.Furthermore,TADF is observed in one of the designed complexes,(F_(3)Phppy)_(2)Ir(tpip),where F_(3)Phppy=2‑[4‑(2,4,6‑trifluorophenyl)phenyl]pyridine.
文摘The rapid growth in available network bandwidth has directly contributed to an exponential increase in mobile data traffic,creating significant challenges for network energy consumption.Also,with the extraordinary growth of mobile communications,the data traffic has dramatically expanded,which has led to massive grid power consumption and incurred high operating expenditure(OPEX).However,the majority of current network designs struggle to efficientlymanage a massive amount of data using little power,which degrades energy efficiency performance.Thereby,it is necessary to have an efficient mechanism to reduce power consumption when processing large amounts of data in network data centers.Utilizing renewable energy sources to power the Cloud Radio Access Network(C-RAN)greatly reduces the need to purchase energy from the utility grid.In this paper,we propose a bandwidth-aware hybrid energypowered C-RAN that focuses on throughput and energy efficiency(EE)by lowering grid usage,aiming to enhance the EE.This paper examines the energy efficiency,spectral efficiency(SE),and average on-grid energy consumption,dealing with the major challenges of the temporal and spatial nature of traffic and renewable energy generation across various network setups.To assess the effectiveness of the suggested network by changing the transmission bandwidth,a comprehensive simulation has been conducted.The numerical findings support the efficacy of the suggested approach.
文摘Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanical engineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry to communicate on investigations,innovation,research and development of energy efficiency in buildings.The Journal has been classified into the“Catalog of High-quality Sci-Tech Journals of Building Science(2020,T3)”by the Architectural Society of China(ASC),certificated as the“Source Journal for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations”by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC)since 2013 and the“China Core Academic Journal of RCCSE”by Library of Wuhan University and other cooperating institutes since 2014.
文摘Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanicalengineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry to communicate on investigations,innovation,research and development of energy efficiency in buildings.The Journal has been classified into the“Catalog of High-quality Sci-Tech Journals of Building Science(2020,T3)”by the Architectural Society of China(ASC),certificated as the“Source Journal for Chinese Scientificand Technical Papers and Citations”by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC)since 2013and the“China Core Academic Journal of RCCSE”by Library of Wuhan University and other cooperating institutes since 2014.
文摘Description Journal of Building Energy Efficiency(monthly),initiated in October 2006,supplies a platform for architects,mechanical engineers,civil engineers,energy researchers,energy policy makers and building industry to communicate on investigations,innovation,research and development of energy efficiency in buildings.The Journal has been classified into the“Catalog of High-quality Sci-Tech Journals of Building Science(2020,T3)”by the Architectural Society of China(ASC),certificated as the“Source Journal for Chinese Scientific and Technical Papers and Citations”by Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China(ISTIC)since 2013 and the“China Core Academic Journal of RCCSE”by Library of Wuhan University and other cooperating institutes since 2014.
基金supported by the Startup Funds for Introduced Talents of Wuyi University(YJ202304)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22375044).
文摘Organic room-temperature phosphorescence(RTP)materials are promising for bioimaging applications due to their tunable structures,excellent biocompatibility,and long-lived luminescence.However,the development of highly efficient organic RTP materials for aqueous systems remains challenging,as the organic phosphorescence is prone to being quenched by the dissolved oxygen in water.Herein,heteroaromatic carboxylic acids serve as ligand vips to construct a series of host-vip composites with nontoxic,dense EDTA-M(M=Ca,Mg,and Al)coordination polymer in water.These composites exhibit ultra-long pure RTP of vip molecules with phosphorescence quantum yield up to 53%,and lifetime up to 589.7 ms,due to the synergistic effect of dual-network structure:a coordinatively cross-linked network of EDTA-M,and a non-covalent bonded network formed by ligands and water molecules.The phosphorescence intensity is more than three times that of the composite with a single coordination network.Notably,the dual-network configuration can form a rigid and dense structure and block the intrusion of external H_(2)O and O_(2) molecules to avoid phosphorescence quenching in water.As a result,the RTP of the composites remains unchanged after 1 month in water.Furthermore,the nanoparticles fabricated from composites and anionic surfactants can be successfully applied in in vivo imaging of mice for the stable RTP in water.This work provides a novel strategy for the development of high-performance RTP materials in aqueous systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 12001266]the Humanities and Social Science Projects ofMinistry of Education of China[grant number 19YJCZH166]supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 12271168 and 12531013].
文摘The integrated nested Laplace approximation(INLA)algorithm provides a computationally efficient approach for approximate Bayesian inference,overcoming the limitations of traditional Markov chain Monte Carlo(MCMC)methods.This paper reviews INLA algorithm and provides a systematic review of six key books that explore the theoretical foundations,practical implementations,and diverse applications of INLA.These six books cover spatial and spatio-temporal modelling,general Bayesian inference,SPDE-based spatial analysis,geospatial health data,regression modelling,and dynamic time series.In addition,these books highlight the versatility of INLA method in handling complex models while maintaining high computational efficiency.This paper begins with an introduction to the INLA method and algorithm,followed by a systematic review of six key publications in the field.
