The Chinese economy has been experiencing extensive growth for decades. Along with this growth, however, there have been industrial-economic, social and environmental inefficiencies. In some regions, problems exist be...The Chinese economy has been experiencing extensive growth for decades. Along with this growth, however, there have been industrial-economic, social and environmental inefficiencies. In some regions, problems exist because of overemphasis on GDP growth, or growth at the expense of the environment. Looking at efficiency through the prism of economic, social and environmental factors, this article analyzes the industrial economic development during the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005). The authors conclude that economic development should be achieved while making overall improvements to economic, social and ecoenvironment efficiency.展开更多
In irrigation schemes under rotational water supply in semiarid region, the water allocation and irrigation scheduling are often based on a fixed-area proportionate water depth with every irrigation cycle irrespective...In irrigation schemes under rotational water supply in semiarid region, the water allocation and irrigation scheduling are often based on a fixed-area proportionate water depth with every irrigation cycle irrespective of crops and their growth stages, for an equitable water supply. An experiment was conducted during the 2004- 2005 season in Haouz irrigated area in Morocco, which objective was i) to evaluate the effects of the surface irrigation scheduling method (existing rule) adopted by the irrigation agency on winter wheat production compared to a full irrigation method and ii) to evaluate drip irrigation versus surface irrigation impacts on water saving and yield of winter wheat. The methodology was based on the FAO-56 dual approach for the surface irrigation scheduling. Ground measurements of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used to derive the basal crop coefficient and the vegetation fraction cover. The simple FAO-56 approach was used for drip irrigation scheduling. For surface irrigation, the existing rule approach resulted in yield and WUE reductions of 22% and 15%, respectively, compared with the optimized irrigation scheduling proposed by the FAO-56 for full irrigation treatment. This revealed the negative effects of the irrigation schedules adopted in irrigation schemes under rotational water supply on crops productivity. It was also demon-strated that drip irrigation applied to wheat was more efficient with 20% of water saving in comparison with surface irrigation (full irrigation treatment). Drip irrigation gives also higher wheat yield compared to surface irrigation (+28% and +52% for full irrigation and existing rule treatments respectively). The same improvement was observed for water use efficiency (+24 and +59% respectively).展开更多
By setting the urban-rural public goods supply model,this paper evaluates the effects of coordinating supply public goods on resource allocation and welfare from efficiency and fairness,and examines the necessity and ...By setting the urban-rural public goods supply model,this paper evaluates the effects of coordinating supply public goods on resource allocation and welfare from efficiency and fairness,and examines the necessity and possibility of coordinating public goods supply in urban and rural areas. The model assumes that the population size of urban and rural areas is different,and the population can not flow freely between urban and rural areas; there are different degrees of spillover in the public goods supply. Model results show that coordinating public goods supply in urban and rural areas is the result of optimizing resource allocation efficiency,but the residents' individual utility level will not necessarily improve,so residents' willingness to support coordinated urban-rural supply is different,and public goods spillover and different tax systems are the factors that affect the residents' utility level. Finally,this paper uses the practice of coordinating urban and rural compulsory education in Chengdu City to confirm the above conclusions.展开更多
To obtain high efficiency luminescent materials, the system Al2O3-B2O3 containing Ce3+ andTb3+ ions with variation of B2O3-content, has been prepared by Al2O3, H3BO3, CeO2 and Tb4O7 underreducing atmosphere at 1250i ....To obtain high efficiency luminescent materials, the system Al2O3-B2O3 containing Ce3+ andTb3+ ions with variation of B2O3-content, has been prepared by Al2O3, H3BO3, CeO2 and Tb4O7 underreducing atmosphere at 1250i . It is notable that the brightness of the sample with appropriatecomposition is similar to that of commercial phosphorous containing Ce3+ and Tb3+, indicating that a newhigh efficency green luminescent material was obtained with appropriate B2O3-content.展开更多
We select 34 representative agricultural listed companies as the study object,to analyze the characteristics of quick assets in agricultural companies.The ratio between quick assets and total assets roughly displays n...We select 34 representative agricultural listed companies as the study object,to analyze the characteristics of quick assets in agricultural companies.The ratio between quick assets and total assets roughly displays normal distribution,with the peak value up to 40%;the distribution figure shape of the ratio between quick assets and liquid asset displays normal distribution,with the peak value up to 63%.Taking the case of typical agricultural company,Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,we analyze the factors influencing turnover of quick assets,and the main factors influencing the turnover of quick assets in agricultural companies are monetary funds and receivables.We establish the multiple linear regression model,and draw the conclusion that the turnover efficiency of quick assets is significantly affected by the ratio between cash assets and income,turnover rate of receivables,and quickness ratio.展开更多
根瘤菌剂在大豆上能否充分发挥共生固氮效应涉及到根瘤菌的结瘤固氮能力、与大豆品种的匹配性、土壤特性等多种因素.黑龙江省是我国大豆的主产区之一,为筛选得到适于在黑龙江推广应用的根瘤菌资源,从黑龙江、河北和湖南等地区采集土壤样...根瘤菌剂在大豆上能否充分发挥共生固氮效应涉及到根瘤菌的结瘤固氮能力、与大豆品种的匹配性、土壤特性等多种因素.黑龙江省是我国大豆的主产区之一,为筛选得到适于在黑龙江推广应用的根瘤菌资源,从黑龙江、河北和湖南等地区采集土壤样品,采用大豆结瘤法,从10个土样中分离获得59株大豆根瘤菌株,再依据BTB显色反应和16S r DNA分析,鉴定出36个慢生型大豆根瘤菌.沙培结果表明,有34株根瘤菌能够在大豆品种黑农61上有效结瘤;再从中选出4株共生效应较好的菌株做进一步实验.匹配实验表明,这4株菌SN2-5、NW5-3、SN7-2和SN10-3同样能与黑龙江另外16个主栽大豆品种结瘤;与不接根瘤菌的对照组相比,SN2-5、NW5-3、SN7-2和SN10-3处理的大豆的根瘤固氮酶活和生物量显著提高,且整体表型优于HN01和USDA110.土壤盆栽实验结果表明,NW5-3、SN10-3、SN7-2在黑土中具有显著的接种效果,且在10 mmol/L NH_4NO_3高氮处理下,4个优良供试菌均能够与黑农61结瘤.与不加氮素的处理相比,其中NW5-3和SN10-3形成根瘤具有近50%的固氮酶活性.本研究筛选的4个慢生型大豆根瘤菌SN2-5、NW5-3、SN7-2、SN10-3与黑龙江的主栽大豆品种具有良好匹配性能,可进一步用于黑龙江大豆产区的田间实验.展开更多
文摘The Chinese economy has been experiencing extensive growth for decades. Along with this growth, however, there have been industrial-economic, social and environmental inefficiencies. In some regions, problems exist because of overemphasis on GDP growth, or growth at the expense of the environment. Looking at efficiency through the prism of economic, social and environmental factors, this article analyzes the industrial economic development during the 10th Five-Year Plan (2001-2005). The authors conclude that economic development should be achieved while making overall improvements to economic, social and ecoenvironment efficiency.
文摘In irrigation schemes under rotational water supply in semiarid region, the water allocation and irrigation scheduling are often based on a fixed-area proportionate water depth with every irrigation cycle irrespective of crops and their growth stages, for an equitable water supply. An experiment was conducted during the 2004- 2005 season in Haouz irrigated area in Morocco, which objective was i) to evaluate the effects of the surface irrigation scheduling method (existing rule) adopted by the irrigation agency on winter wheat production compared to a full irrigation method and ii) to evaluate drip irrigation versus surface irrigation impacts on water saving and yield of winter wheat. The methodology was based on the FAO-56 dual approach for the surface irrigation scheduling. Ground measurements of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) were used to derive the basal crop coefficient and the vegetation fraction cover. The simple FAO-56 approach was used for drip irrigation scheduling. For surface irrigation, the existing rule approach resulted in yield and WUE reductions of 22% and 15%, respectively, compared with the optimized irrigation scheduling proposed by the FAO-56 for full irrigation treatment. This revealed the negative effects of the irrigation schedules adopted in irrigation schemes under rotational water supply on crops productivity. It was also demon-strated that drip irrigation applied to wheat was more efficient with 20% of water saving in comparison with surface irrigation (full irrigation treatment). Drip irrigation gives also higher wheat yield compared to surface irrigation (+28% and +52% for full irrigation and existing rule treatments respectively). The same improvement was observed for water use efficiency (+24 and +59% respectively).
基金Supported by Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities,Southwest University(SWU1109028)Southwest University Youth Foundation(SWU07104)Key Humanities and Social Sciences Research Project in Chongqing City(13SKB022)
文摘By setting the urban-rural public goods supply model,this paper evaluates the effects of coordinating supply public goods on resource allocation and welfare from efficiency and fairness,and examines the necessity and possibility of coordinating public goods supply in urban and rural areas. The model assumes that the population size of urban and rural areas is different,and the population can not flow freely between urban and rural areas; there are different degrees of spillover in the public goods supply. Model results show that coordinating public goods supply in urban and rural areas is the result of optimizing resource allocation efficiency,but the residents' individual utility level will not necessarily improve,so residents' willingness to support coordinated urban-rural supply is different,and public goods spillover and different tax systems are the factors that affect the residents' utility level. Finally,this paper uses the practice of coordinating urban and rural compulsory education in Chengdu City to confirm the above conclusions.
文摘To obtain high efficiency luminescent materials, the system Al2O3-B2O3 containing Ce3+ andTb3+ ions with variation of B2O3-content, has been prepared by Al2O3, H3BO3, CeO2 and Tb4O7 underreducing atmosphere at 1250i . It is notable that the brightness of the sample with appropriatecomposition is similar to that of commercial phosphorous containing Ce3+ and Tb3+, indicating that a newhigh efficency green luminescent material was obtained with appropriate B2O3-content.
文摘We select 34 representative agricultural listed companies as the study object,to analyze the characteristics of quick assets in agricultural companies.The ratio between quick assets and total assets roughly displays normal distribution,with the peak value up to 40%;the distribution figure shape of the ratio between quick assets and liquid asset displays normal distribution,with the peak value up to 63%.Taking the case of typical agricultural company,Yuan Longping High-Tech Agriculture Co.,Ltd.,we analyze the factors influencing turnover of quick assets,and the main factors influencing the turnover of quick assets in agricultural companies are monetary funds and receivables.We establish the multiple linear regression model,and draw the conclusion that the turnover efficiency of quick assets is significantly affected by the ratio between cash assets and income,turnover rate of receivables,and quickness ratio.
文摘根瘤菌剂在大豆上能否充分发挥共生固氮效应涉及到根瘤菌的结瘤固氮能力、与大豆品种的匹配性、土壤特性等多种因素.黑龙江省是我国大豆的主产区之一,为筛选得到适于在黑龙江推广应用的根瘤菌资源,从黑龙江、河北和湖南等地区采集土壤样品,采用大豆结瘤法,从10个土样中分离获得59株大豆根瘤菌株,再依据BTB显色反应和16S r DNA分析,鉴定出36个慢生型大豆根瘤菌.沙培结果表明,有34株根瘤菌能够在大豆品种黑农61上有效结瘤;再从中选出4株共生效应较好的菌株做进一步实验.匹配实验表明,这4株菌SN2-5、NW5-3、SN7-2和SN10-3同样能与黑龙江另外16个主栽大豆品种结瘤;与不接根瘤菌的对照组相比,SN2-5、NW5-3、SN7-2和SN10-3处理的大豆的根瘤固氮酶活和生物量显著提高,且整体表型优于HN01和USDA110.土壤盆栽实验结果表明,NW5-3、SN10-3、SN7-2在黑土中具有显著的接种效果,且在10 mmol/L NH_4NO_3高氮处理下,4个优良供试菌均能够与黑农61结瘤.与不加氮素的处理相比,其中NW5-3和SN10-3形成根瘤具有近50%的固氮酶活性.本研究筛选的4个慢生型大豆根瘤菌SN2-5、NW5-3、SN7-2、SN10-3与黑龙江的主栽大豆品种具有良好匹配性能,可进一步用于黑龙江大豆产区的田间实验.
