Shale gas is a practical resource with great potential that could be economically explored and developed in the near future. It has been commercially developed in North America and other places. Featuring a vast distr...Shale gas is a practical resource with great potential that could be economically explored and developed in the near future. It has been commercially developed in North America and other places. Featuring a vast distribution, a low abundance,unfavorable reservoir conditions, ultra-low permeability and a fast production decline, shale gas is more difficult to develop than conventional natural gas, as it needs advanced drilling and completion technology to develop. During the early stage of shale gas exploration and development, the United States offered enterprises necessary incentives such as tax reductions and exemptions and subsidies to achieve sustainable shale gas development and encourage technological progresses. By comparing the state of China's shale gas development with that of the US' in terms of geological conditions, production technology,market price, tax relief, subsidy periods and amount, this paper intends to put forward related suggestions for the effective development of shale gas according to the current status of development.展开更多
Based on the newest understandings of geological assessment and new progresses in engineering technologies in the development of shale gas rich in the southern Sichuan Basin,this paper analyzed the shale gas enrichmen...Based on the newest understandings of geological assessment and new progresses in engineering technologies in the development of shale gas rich in the southern Sichuan Basin,this paper analyzed the shale gas enrichment laws and the key factors of its commercial production,discussed the scale and efficient development modes,and clarified the further developing orientation.The following findings were concluded.(1)The Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale is the sweetest spot in this study area with a low density and a high uranium/thorium(U/Th)ratio,TOC content,quartz content,and free gas content.Besides,its distribution laws are mainly controlled by the sedimentary facies of deep water shelf.(2)The overpressured zones away from the ancient(present)erosion zones and large faults,mainly controlled by multi-stage tectonic evolution,belong to the most favorable sweet spots not only because there are well-developed organic matters and pores but the produced gas there is mainly of secondary cracking retention oil.(3)Layout,drilling,completion(fracturing)and management of wells will be essential to achieve high productions in the shale gas production.(4)The existing main technologies have helped achieve efficient development of quality shale gas resources underground less than 3500 m in such national shale gas demonstration zones as ChangningeWeiyuan,Zhaotong,etc.Also,there shows a good potential of shale gas resources in those shallower strata and the strata with the burial depth of 3500-4000 m.In conclusion,with the help of continuous progress in technologies,an annual shale gas production rate of 40 billion cubic meters will be possibly achieved in this study area.展开更多
In the current education work, the most concerned about the moral education, because it has a strong influence, if we still stay in the traditional concept and standards, not only can not achieve ideal results, but al...In the current education work, the most concerned about the moral education, because it has a strong influence, if we still stay in the traditional concept and standards, not only can not achieve ideal results, but also may encounter many new problems. Objectively speaking, in carrying out moral work in the process of the secondary vocational school, the teacher in charge, to see their own problems, form the accurate cognition, take scientific and reasonable teaching means, strictly implement the global education to the task, and in the correct concept, standards organization daily teaching, the comprehensive progress of full preparation for the future. This paper mainly discusses the effective content of moral education work in secondary vocational school teachers, and puts forward some targeted measures, hoping to play a good help.展开更多
Given its relevance to the exploitation of ultra-low permeability reservoirs,which account for a substantial proportion of the world’s exploited and still unexploited reserves,in the present study the development of ...Given its relevance to the exploitation of ultra-low permeability reservoirs,which account for a substantial proportion of the world’s exploited and still unexploited reserves,in the present study the development of an adequate water injection system is considered.Due to the poor properties and weak seepage capacity of these reservoirs,the water injection pressure typically increases continuously during water flooding.In this research,the impact on such a process of factors as permeability,row spacing,and pressure gradient is evaluated experimentally using a high-pressure large-scale outcrop model.On this basis,a comprehensive evaluation coefficient is introduced able to account for the effective driving pressure.展开更多
In college badminton teaching,teachers utilize the group cooperative learning method,which not only helps to improve students’badminton skill level but also cultivates their teamwork spirit,communication skills,and s...In college badminton teaching,teachers utilize the group cooperative learning method,which not only helps to improve students’badminton skill level but also cultivates their teamwork spirit,communication skills,and self-management ability unconsciously.In view of this,this paper mainly describes the significance of applying the group cooperative learning method in college badminton teaching,analyzes the current problems in college badminton teaching,and aims to discover effective development strategies for group cooperative learning method in college badminton teaching in order to improve the effectiveness of college badminton teaching.展开更多
Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide,severely affecting patients'quality of life and socio-economic development.In recent years,with advancements in neuroscience,research...Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide,severely affecting patients'quality of life and socio-economic development.In recent years,with advancements in neuroscience,researchers have gradually recognized that neuroinflammation plays critical roles in the neurorestoration after stroke.1 Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these processes helps reveal the complex pathophysiological changes following stroke and provides new perspectives for developing effective therapeutic strategies.2 This editorial aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurorestoration after stroke and review current therapeutic strategies to provide theoretical support for clinical interventions.展开更多
The dynamics of blood lead (Pb-B) and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP-B) of women in early pregnancy and parturient women with lead exposure and the effects on fetus development were investigated. Pb-B of lead-exposed ...The dynamics of blood lead (Pb-B) and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP-B) of women in early pregnancy and parturient women with lead exposure and the effects on fetus development were investigated. Pb-B of lead-exposed women was high: 0.984 μmol/L (20.38 μg/dl) and ZPP was 84.52μg/dl. Cord blood Pb-B was 0.896 μmol/L(18.56μg/dl)and cord blood ZPP was 69.24μg/dl. In the control group, Pb-B was 0.261μmol/L(5.41μg/dl), ZPP-B, 37.59 μg/dl, cord blood, Pb-B 0.34 μmol/L (7.93 μg/dl), and cord ZPP-B 49.0μg/dl. There was a significant correlation between blood lead and blood ZPP, maternal Pb-B and cord Pb-B, maternal Pb-B and cord ZPP-B. The significance of the consistency of high level Pb-B and the effects on fetus development is discussed.展开更多
The reservoirs in the seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 Member) in the Qingcheng Oilfield of the Ordos Basin are characterized by thin sandbody, tight rocks, high heterogeneity, low formation ...The reservoirs in the seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 Member) in the Qingcheng Oilfield of the Ordos Basin are characterized by thin sandbody, tight rocks, high heterogeneity, low formation pressure coefficient, and complex geomorphology. Through the efforts in the stages of exploration, appraisal, pilot testing and development, a series of key technologies have been formed, including “sweet spot” optimization, differentiated three-dimensional well deployment, fast drilling and completion of large-cluster horizontal well, intensively-staged volume fracturing in long horizontal well, and optimization of rational production system. Furthermore, a production organization mode represented by factory-like operations on loess platform has been implemented. Application of these technologies has enabled to significantly improve the single-well production of the Qingcheng Oilfield, reduce the investment cost, and realize a large-scale and beneficial development at a full cost below $55 per barrel. In 2022, the annual production of Chang 7 shale oil in the Ordos Basin reached 221×10^(4) t, accounting for 70% of the annual shale oil production of China. The practice of development technologies in the Qingcheng Oilfield provides valuable references for efficient development of continental shale oil.展开更多
Based on the China Global Investment Tracker(CGIT)database of 2005-2018,this paper creates a country-sector-year panel set for a study on the BRI’s investment effects on the transportation sector of BRI countries usi...Based on the China Global Investment Tracker(CGIT)database of 2005-2018,this paper creates a country-sector-year panel set for a study on the BRI’s investment effects on the transportation sector of BRI countries using the difference-in-differencesin-differences(DDD)method.Our study finds that the BRI has significantly increased transportation investments by Chinese companies in the BRI countries without causing significant rise in problem transactions.The"debt trap"narrative that the BRI aims to take control over host countries’sovereign rights in exchange for debt write-offs is not supported by evidence.Discussions on sub-samples reveal that the BRI has mainly propelled SOEs in making transportation investments to generate development effects in host countries,most of which are Asian countries,and that the preferred mode of investment is cross-border M&As.展开更多
X oilfield is located in Bohai Sea area, in which G oil formation is a typical drape anticline structure, which is composed of multiple sets of thick sandy conglomerate and multiple sets of argillaceous intercalation....X oilfield is located in Bohai Sea area, in which G oil formation is a typical drape anticline structure, which is composed of multiple sets of thick sandy conglomerate and multiple sets of argillaceous intercalation. From the perspective of development effect, muddy interlayer has a great impact on the oilfield. In this paper, through core identification and well logging identification, the electrical discrimination standard is summarized to identify the interlayer. Through statistics and analysis of the production performance of actual wells, the influence of muddy interlayer on the development performance of oil wells is summarized. This study provides guidance for the development of strong bottom water reservoirs with interlayer.展开更多
Coal reservoirs in the Qinshui Basin are characterized by high thermal evolution degree,low permeability,low reservoir pressure,lower gas saturation and strong heterogeneity,so its coalbed methane(CBM)development is q...Coal reservoirs in the Qinshui Basin are characterized by high thermal evolution degree,low permeability,low reservoir pressure,lower gas saturation and strong heterogeneity,so its coalbed methane(CBM)development is quite difficult.In this paper,the development practice of highrank CBM horizontal wells in the Fanzhuang-Zhengzhuang Block was analyzed in terms of geological and engineering factors to clarify the productivity influencing factors,suitable geological conditions and potential tapping countermeasures of multi-lateral horizontal wells.It is shown that the reasons for the low development efficiency of multi-lateral horizontal wells are divided into three types.The first one is geological factor,such as encountering low CBM content areas or faults.The second is engineering factor,such as drilling fluid plugging,drilling collapse,drainage collapse and dust coal blockage.The third is the combination of both factors.It is concluded that encountering low CBM content areas and faults,collapse and blockage are the main reasons for the low production of multi-lateral horizontal wells in the Zhengzhuang-Fanzhuang Block,with the CBM content higher than 20 m^(3)/t,the ratio of critical desorption pressure and reservoir pressure higher than 0.7 and vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))higher than 3.8.The prerequisite for an open-hole horizontal well in this area to produce CBM at a high rate is that the well lies in the tensile stress zone.Finally,the countermeasures to tap the potential of some inefficient wells were put forward.First,the inefficient wells which are blocked with dust coal or collapsed in the later stage should be stimulated based on classifications.And second,it is necessary to explore new types of horizontal wells so as to deal with borehole collapse and continue the operation in the later stage by using tree-like roof horizontal wells,single-lateral horizontal wells with casing or screen completion and fish-bone horizontal wells.展开更多
The use of exogenous carbon monoxide releasing molecules（CORMs）provides promise for clinical application;however,the hazard potential of CORMs in vivo remains poorly understood.The developmental toxicity of CORM-3 w...The use of exogenous carbon monoxide releasing molecules（CORMs）provides promise for clinical application;however,the hazard potential of CORMs in vivo remains poorly understood.The developmental toxicity of CORM-3 was investigated by exposure to concentrations ranging from 6.25 to400μmol/L during 4-144 h post fertilization.Toxicity endpoints of mortality,spontaneous movement,heart rate,hatching rate,malformation,body length,and larval behavior were measured.展开更多
The phenyl and methyl phenyl free radicals,formed in the oxidation-hydrolysis process of N’-acyl-N-phenylhydrazine, have been studied by ESR spectrometry.It was found that the free radical is the chief cause which pr...The phenyl and methyl phenyl free radicals,formed in the oxidation-hydrolysis process of N’-acyl-N-phenylhydrazine, have been studied by ESR spectrometry.It was found that the free radical is the chief cause which produces the feed-back inhibition effect in the hydrazine-promoted infectious development of silver halide.展开更多
Blood lead levels of 180 pupils from two elementary schools were determined and the intellec- tual development of the children was followed.The children in these two groups were similar in most nonlead variables.Resul...Blood lead levels of 180 pupils from two elementary schools were determined and the intellec- tual development of the children was followed.The children in these two groups were similar in most nonlead variables.Results showed that pupils at the school near a battery plant had higher blood lead levels than those at a school in a residential neighborhood.An evident dose- effect relationship between blood lead level and children's performance on psychological testing existed:the higher the blood level,the lower the intelligence quotient.This relationship re- mained after confounding factors were controlled by stepwise regression analysis.Partial regres- sion coefficients for PbB and verbal IQ,performance IQ,and full-scale IQ were -0.85,-0.71, and -0.91,respectively.1989 Academic Press,Inc.展开更多
We assessed genetic and environmental effectson bone development of the hand and wrist, andon key anthropometric measures in Chinese youngtwins. In total, 139 monozygotic and 95 dizygotictwin pairs aged from 5 to 18 y...We assessed genetic and environmental effectson bone development of the hand and wrist, andon key anthropometric measures in Chinese youngtwins. In total, 139 monozygotic and 95 dizygotictwin pairs aged from 5 to 18 years were recruited.The twin correlations of total hand and wrist scoresfor monozygotic （MZ） and dizygotic （DZ） twins were0.71 and 0.36, respectively. Bivariate modelanalysis showed moderate genetic correlations onlyfor total skeletal maturity vs. weight and totalskeletal maturity vs. waist circumference （r, 0.51and 0.46, respectively）. Our findings demonstratedthat genetic factors played important roles in bonedevelopment of the hand and wrist in Chineseyoung twins, and that these genetic effects mightbe distinct from those influencing anthropometricmeasures.展开更多
In this paper,the analysis of the occurrence and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone is made with the unstable theory of wave. The result indicates that the primary wave is the unstable inertia-gravity wav...In this paper,the analysis of the occurrence and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone is made with the unstable theory of wave. The result indicates that the primary wave is the unstable inertia-gravity wave in the process of the occurrence and the deveJopmant of typhoon and tropical cyclone: The existence of the deep moist layer and the heating by moisture condensation can impel and intensify the unstability of the wave and is favourable for the reduction of the wave energy dispersion, therefore, it is good for the formation and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone, and also can slow down the wave speed. Besides, the condition that the change of the specific volume of the basic state with pressure is less than that of adiabatic state may also lead to the wave unstability, thus may have certain effect on the occurrence and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone.展开更多
文摘Shale gas is a practical resource with great potential that could be economically explored and developed in the near future. It has been commercially developed in North America and other places. Featuring a vast distribution, a low abundance,unfavorable reservoir conditions, ultra-low permeability and a fast production decline, shale gas is more difficult to develop than conventional natural gas, as it needs advanced drilling and completion technology to develop. During the early stage of shale gas exploration and development, the United States offered enterprises necessary incentives such as tax reductions and exemptions and subsidies to achieve sustainable shale gas development and encourage technological progresses. By comparing the state of China's shale gas development with that of the US' in terms of geological conditions, production technology,market price, tax relief, subsidy periods and amount, this paper intends to put forward related suggestions for the effective development of shale gas according to the current status of development.
基金Project supported by China Academy of Engineering Strategic Consulting Key Research Project“Study on Effective Development Path of China’s Shale Gas Scale”(No.:2018-XZ-032)National Major Science and Technology Project“Large Oil and Gas Field and CBM Development-Changning-Weiyuan Shale Gas Development of Demonstration Project”(No.:2016ZX05062-002)PetroChina Major Project“Research and Application of Key Technologies for Producing 30 Billion Cm of Natural Gas in Southwest Oil and Gas Fields”(No.:2016E-0611).
文摘Based on the newest understandings of geological assessment and new progresses in engineering technologies in the development of shale gas rich in the southern Sichuan Basin,this paper analyzed the shale gas enrichment laws and the key factors of its commercial production,discussed the scale and efficient development modes,and clarified the further developing orientation.The following findings were concluded.(1)The Lower Silurian Longmaxi shale is the sweetest spot in this study area with a low density and a high uranium/thorium(U/Th)ratio,TOC content,quartz content,and free gas content.Besides,its distribution laws are mainly controlled by the sedimentary facies of deep water shelf.(2)The overpressured zones away from the ancient(present)erosion zones and large faults,mainly controlled by multi-stage tectonic evolution,belong to the most favorable sweet spots not only because there are well-developed organic matters and pores but the produced gas there is mainly of secondary cracking retention oil.(3)Layout,drilling,completion(fracturing)and management of wells will be essential to achieve high productions in the shale gas production.(4)The existing main technologies have helped achieve efficient development of quality shale gas resources underground less than 3500 m in such national shale gas demonstration zones as ChangningeWeiyuan,Zhaotong,etc.Also,there shows a good potential of shale gas resources in those shallower strata and the strata with the burial depth of 3500-4000 m.In conclusion,with the help of continuous progress in technologies,an annual shale gas production rate of 40 billion cubic meters will be possibly achieved in this study area.
文摘In the current education work, the most concerned about the moral education, because it has a strong influence, if we still stay in the traditional concept and standards, not only can not achieve ideal results, but also may encounter many new problems. Objectively speaking, in carrying out moral work in the process of the secondary vocational school, the teacher in charge, to see their own problems, form the accurate cognition, take scientific and reasonable teaching means, strictly implement the global education to the task, and in the correct concept, standards organization daily teaching, the comprehensive progress of full preparation for the future. This paper mainly discusses the effective content of moral education work in secondary vocational school teachers, and puts forward some targeted measures, hoping to play a good help.
基金The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant Nos.2017ZX05013-001 and 2017ZX05069-003).
文摘Given its relevance to the exploitation of ultra-low permeability reservoirs,which account for a substantial proportion of the world’s exploited and still unexploited reserves,in the present study the development of an adequate water injection system is considered.Due to the poor properties and weak seepage capacity of these reservoirs,the water injection pressure typically increases continuously during water flooding.In this research,the impact on such a process of factors as permeability,row spacing,and pressure gradient is evaluated experimentally using a high-pressure large-scale outcrop model.On this basis,a comprehensive evaluation coefficient is introduced able to account for the effective driving pressure.
文摘In college badminton teaching,teachers utilize the group cooperative learning method,which not only helps to improve students’badminton skill level but also cultivates their teamwork spirit,communication skills,and self-management ability unconsciously.In view of this,this paper mainly describes the significance of applying the group cooperative learning method in college badminton teaching,analyzes the current problems in college badminton teaching,and aims to discover effective development strategies for group cooperative learning method in college badminton teaching in order to improve the effectiveness of college badminton teaching.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81960234,82071331)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFC1312200)+3 种基金Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(GZC20232401)Henan Province Medical Science and Technology Research Program(SBGJ202403031)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2023JJ40572)Canadian Institutes of Health Research(VWY)。
文摘Stroke is one of the leading causes of death and long-term disability worldwide,severely affecting patients'quality of life and socio-economic development.In recent years,with advancements in neuroscience,researchers have gradually recognized that neuroinflammation plays critical roles in the neurorestoration after stroke.1 Understanding the molecular mechanisms of these processes helps reveal the complex pathophysiological changes following stroke and provides new perspectives for developing effective therapeutic strategies.2 This editorial aims to explore the molecular mechanisms of neuroinflammation and neurorestoration after stroke and review current therapeutic strategies to provide theoretical support for clinical interventions.
文摘The dynamics of blood lead (Pb-B) and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP-B) of women in early pregnancy and parturient women with lead exposure and the effects on fetus development were investigated. Pb-B of lead-exposed women was high: 0.984 μmol/L (20.38 μg/dl) and ZPP was 84.52μg/dl. Cord blood Pb-B was 0.896 μmol/L(18.56μg/dl)and cord blood ZPP was 69.24μg/dl. In the control group, Pb-B was 0.261μmol/L(5.41μg/dl), ZPP-B, 37.59 μg/dl, cord blood, Pb-B 0.34 μmol/L (7.93 μg/dl), and cord ZPP-B 49.0μg/dl. There was a significant correlation between blood lead and blood ZPP, maternal Pb-B and cord Pb-B, maternal Pb-B and cord ZPP-B. The significance of the consistency of high level Pb-B and the effects on fetus development is discussed.
基金Supported by the PetroChina Science and Technology Major Project(2021DJ1806,2023ZZ15).
文摘The reservoirs in the seventh member of the Triassic Yanchang Formation (Chang 7 Member) in the Qingcheng Oilfield of the Ordos Basin are characterized by thin sandbody, tight rocks, high heterogeneity, low formation pressure coefficient, and complex geomorphology. Through the efforts in the stages of exploration, appraisal, pilot testing and development, a series of key technologies have been formed, including “sweet spot” optimization, differentiated three-dimensional well deployment, fast drilling and completion of large-cluster horizontal well, intensively-staged volume fracturing in long horizontal well, and optimization of rational production system. Furthermore, a production organization mode represented by factory-like operations on loess platform has been implemented. Application of these technologies has enabled to significantly improve the single-well production of the Qingcheng Oilfield, reduce the investment cost, and realize a large-scale and beneficial development at a full cost below $55 per barrel. In 2022, the annual production of Chang 7 shale oil in the Ordos Basin reached 221×10^(4) t, accounting for 70% of the annual shale oil production of China. The practice of development technologies in the Qingcheng Oilfield provides valuable references for efficient development of continental shale oil.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)Youth Program“Study on the Diffusion Mechanism and Policy Effects of Local Environmental Management Policies:an Example of the‘River Chief System’”(Grant No.:71903085)the National Social Science Foundation of China Key Research Program“Study on BRI Trade and Investment Liberalization and Facilitation:Quantitative Evaluation and Implementation Strategies”(Grant No.:18VDL014)”the National Social Science Foundation of China Key Program“Study on China’s Economic Growth Potentials and Drivers”(Grant No.:14ZDA023)。
文摘Based on the China Global Investment Tracker(CGIT)database of 2005-2018,this paper creates a country-sector-year panel set for a study on the BRI’s investment effects on the transportation sector of BRI countries using the difference-in-differencesin-differences(DDD)method.Our study finds that the BRI has significantly increased transportation investments by Chinese companies in the BRI countries without causing significant rise in problem transactions.The"debt trap"narrative that the BRI aims to take control over host countries’sovereign rights in exchange for debt write-offs is not supported by evidence.Discussions on sub-samples reveal that the BRI has mainly propelled SOEs in making transportation investments to generate development effects in host countries,most of which are Asian countries,and that the preferred mode of investment is cross-border M&As.
文摘X oilfield is located in Bohai Sea area, in which G oil formation is a typical drape anticline structure, which is composed of multiple sets of thick sandy conglomerate and multiple sets of argillaceous intercalation. From the perspective of development effect, muddy interlayer has a great impact on the oilfield. In this paper, through core identification and well logging identification, the electrical discrimination standard is summarized to identify the interlayer. Through statistics and analysis of the production performance of actual wells, the influence of muddy interlayer on the development performance of oil wells is summarized. This study provides guidance for the development of strong bottom water reservoirs with interlayer.
文摘Coal reservoirs in the Qinshui Basin are characterized by high thermal evolution degree,low permeability,low reservoir pressure,lower gas saturation and strong heterogeneity,so its coalbed methane(CBM)development is quite difficult.In this paper,the development practice of highrank CBM horizontal wells in the Fanzhuang-Zhengzhuang Block was analyzed in terms of geological and engineering factors to clarify the productivity influencing factors,suitable geological conditions and potential tapping countermeasures of multi-lateral horizontal wells.It is shown that the reasons for the low development efficiency of multi-lateral horizontal wells are divided into three types.The first one is geological factor,such as encountering low CBM content areas or faults.The second is engineering factor,such as drilling fluid plugging,drilling collapse,drainage collapse and dust coal blockage.The third is the combination of both factors.It is concluded that encountering low CBM content areas and faults,collapse and blockage are the main reasons for the low production of multi-lateral horizontal wells in the Zhengzhuang-Fanzhuang Block,with the CBM content higher than 20 m^(3)/t,the ratio of critical desorption pressure and reservoir pressure higher than 0.7 and vitrinite reflectance(R_(o))higher than 3.8.The prerequisite for an open-hole horizontal well in this area to produce CBM at a high rate is that the well lies in the tensile stress zone.Finally,the countermeasures to tap the potential of some inefficient wells were put forward.First,the inefficient wells which are blocked with dust coal or collapsed in the later stage should be stimulated based on classifications.And second,it is necessary to explore new types of horizontal wells so as to deal with borehole collapse and continue the operation in the later stage by using tree-like roof horizontal wells,single-lateral horizontal wells with casing or screen completion and fish-bone horizontal wells.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(2010CB834202)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(11305226,11175222)+1 种基金the Scientific Technology Research Projects of Lanzhou City(2015-3-75)the Western Talent Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y460030XB0)
文摘The use of exogenous carbon monoxide releasing molecules（CORMs）provides promise for clinical application;however,the hazard potential of CORMs in vivo remains poorly understood.The developmental toxicity of CORM-3 was investigated by exposure to concentrations ranging from 6.25 to400μmol/L during 4-144 h post fertilization.Toxicity endpoints of mortality,spontaneous movement,heart rate,hatching rate,malformation,body length,and larval behavior were measured.
文摘The phenyl and methyl phenyl free radicals,formed in the oxidation-hydrolysis process of N’-acyl-N-phenylhydrazine, have been studied by ESR spectrometry.It was found that the free radical is the chief cause which produces the feed-back inhibition effect in the hydrazine-promoted infectious development of silver halide.
文摘Blood lead levels of 180 pupils from two elementary schools were determined and the intellec- tual development of the children was followed.The children in these two groups were similar in most nonlead variables.Results showed that pupils at the school near a battery plant had higher blood lead levels than those at a school in a residential neighborhood.An evident dose- effect relationship between blood lead level and children's performance on psychological testing existed:the higher the blood level,the lower the intelligence quotient.This relationship re- mained after confounding factors were controlled by stepwise regression analysis.Partial regres- sion coefficients for PbB and verbal IQ,performance IQ,and full-scale IQ were -0.85,-0.71, and -0.91,respectively.1989 Academic Press,Inc.
文摘We assessed genetic and environmental effectson bone development of the hand and wrist, andon key anthropometric measures in Chinese youngtwins. In total, 139 monozygotic and 95 dizygotictwin pairs aged from 5 to 18 years were recruited.The twin correlations of total hand and wrist scoresfor monozygotic （MZ） and dizygotic （DZ） twins were0.71 and 0.36, respectively. Bivariate modelanalysis showed moderate genetic correlations onlyfor total skeletal maturity vs. weight and totalskeletal maturity vs. waist circumference （r, 0.51and 0.46, respectively）. Our findings demonstratedthat genetic factors played important roles in bonedevelopment of the hand and wrist in Chineseyoung twins, and that these genetic effects mightbe distinct from those influencing anthropometricmeasures.
文摘In this paper,the analysis of the occurrence and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone is made with the unstable theory of wave. The result indicates that the primary wave is the unstable inertia-gravity wave in the process of the occurrence and the deveJopmant of typhoon and tropical cyclone: The existence of the deep moist layer and the heating by moisture condensation can impel and intensify the unstability of the wave and is favourable for the reduction of the wave energy dispersion, therefore, it is good for the formation and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone, and also can slow down the wave speed. Besides, the condition that the change of the specific volume of the basic state with pressure is less than that of adiabatic state may also lead to the wave unstability, thus may have certain effect on the occurrence and the development of typhoon and tropical cyclone.
