AIMTo examine the efficacy and safety of thalidomide and thalidomide analogues in induction and maintenance of remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）.METHODSA literature search was performed in ...AIMTo examine the efficacy and safety of thalidomide and thalidomide analogues in induction and maintenance of remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）.METHODSA literature search was performed in the following databases： PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid and the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases such as the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database （VIP）, Wanfang Data. The randomized controlled analysis was performed to assess the effects of thalidomide therapy on infammatory bowel disease for patients who did show good response with other therapies.RESULTSThree studies （ n = 212） met the inclusion criteria were used in this Meta-analysis. No difference was found between thalidomide/thalidomide analogues and placebo in the induction of remission （RR = 1.36, 95%CI： 0.83-2.22, P = 0.22）, the induction of clinical response （RR = 1.14, 95%CI： 0.75-1.72, P = 0.54） and the induction of adverse events （RR = 1.41, 95%CI： 0.99-2.02, P = 0.06）.CONCLUSIONCurrently, there is not enough evidence to support use of thalidomide or its analogue for the treatment in patients of any age with IBD. However, it warrants a reanalysis when more data become available.展开更多
Though symptoms of allergic diseases can be reduced by the use of drugs such as corticosteroids, antihista-mines or leukotrien antagonists, the only treatment di-rected to change the natural course of allergic disease...Though symptoms of allergic diseases can be reduced by the use of drugs such as corticosteroids, antihista-mines or leukotrien antagonists, the only treatment di-rected to change the natural course of allergic disease is allergen-specific immunotherapy （SIT）. Its efficacy can last years after the cessassion of the treatment. SIT brings on regulatory T cells with the capacity to generate interleukin-10 and transforming growth fac-tor-b, restricts activation of mast cells and basophils, and shifts antibody isotype from IgE to the noninfam-matory type immunoglobulin G4. Subcutaneous （SCIT） and sublingual （SLIT） immunotherapy are the two most used ways at the present for applying SIT. These two treatments were demonstrated to be effective on re-ducing symptoms and medication use, in prevention of new sensitizations and in protecting from progression of rhinitis to asthma. The safety of SLIT appears to be better than SCIT although there have been a few head to head comparisons. In order to overcome compliance problems or possible systemic side effects which may be faced during this long-term treatment, recent inves-tigations have been focused on the implementation of allergens in quite effcacious and safer ways.展开更多
The hypothesis in drug clinical trials is that the drug is better than a placebo in patients suffering from a disease. The unstated assumption is that the drug cures the disease or is a powerful treatment for the dise...The hypothesis in drug clinical trials is that the drug is better than a placebo in patients suffering from a disease. The unstated assumption is that the drug cures the disease or is a powerful treatment for the disease. This is an incorrect assumption. Drugs do not cure or treat diseases. The body heals itself; drugs promote this ability of the body to heal itself. Placebos are assumed to be inactive; however, placebos can also promote the ability of the body to heal itself. Placebos are actually treatments that can stimulate endogenous healing mechanisms. The possible place of placebos in health management is controversial. Clinical trial design should be altered. The hypothesis of clinical trials should be that the drug speeds up or improves the healing of the patient, putting patient healing as the first objective. Placebos should not be used as controls but could be tested as drugs in their own right. The control in clinical trials should be no treatment. Alternatively, new drugs could be compared to existing drugs in clinical trials.展开更多
Evaluation for human body whitening effcacy of cosmetics with extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing as main effective constituent was conducted. Thirty female volunteers with age between 20 and 45 years old were kind...Evaluation for human body whitening effcacy of cosmetics with extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing as main effective constituent was conducted. Thirty female volunteers with age between 20 and 45 years old were kindly invited to use the cosmetic product on the inner side of their crank arm for a testing period of 8 weeks continuously. Values of MI, L＊ and ITA° of the skin were measured and the results display signifcant difference （ P〈0. 05） before and after the 8 weeks testing period. Duncan multiple comparisons showed that the whitening effcacy of cosmetic product formulated with the extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing is signifcantly greater than that of the formulation matrix and equivalent with that of ascorbyl ethyl ether. Via the data collection and statistical analysis, this method can directly refect the whitening effect of active additives in cosmetics, and it is suitable for the evaluation of the whitening effcacy of cosmetics with additives.展开更多
Metachromatic leukodystrophy(MLD)is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase A(ARSA).Lentivirus-modified autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy(HSCGT)has recently been approved ...Metachromatic leukodystrophy(MLD)is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase A(ARSA).Lentivirus-modified autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy(HSCGT)has recently been approved for clinical use in pre and early symptomatic children with MLD to increase ARSA activity.Unfortunately,this advanced therapy is not available for most patients with MLD who have progressed to more advanced symptomatic stages at diagnosis.Patients with late-onset juvenile MLD typically present with a slower neurological progression of symptoms and represent a significant burden to the economy and healthcare system,whereas those with early onset infantile MLD die within a few years of symptom onset.We conducted a pilot study to determine the safety and benefit of HSCGT in patients with postsymptomatic juvenile MLD and report preliminary results.The safety profile of HSCGT was favorable in this long-term follow-up over 9 years.The most common adverse events(AEs)within 2 months of HSCGT were related to busulfan conditioning,and all AEs resolved.No HSCGT-related AEs and no evidence of distorted hematopoietic differentiation during long-term follow-up for up to 9.6 years.Importantly,to date,patients have maintained remarkably improved ARSA activity with a stable disease state,including increased Functional Independence Measure(FIM)score and decreased magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)lesion score.This long-term follow-up pilot study suggests that HSCGT is safe and provides clinical benefit to patients with postsymptomatic juvenile MLD.展开更多
文摘AIMTo examine the efficacy and safety of thalidomide and thalidomide analogues in induction and maintenance of remission in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）.METHODSA literature search was performed in the following databases： PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid and the Cochrane Library, and Chinese databases such as the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database （VIP）, Wanfang Data. The randomized controlled analysis was performed to assess the effects of thalidomide therapy on infammatory bowel disease for patients who did show good response with other therapies.RESULTSThree studies （ n = 212） met the inclusion criteria were used in this Meta-analysis. No difference was found between thalidomide/thalidomide analogues and placebo in the induction of remission （RR = 1.36, 95%CI： 0.83-2.22, P = 0.22）, the induction of clinical response （RR = 1.14, 95%CI： 0.75-1.72, P = 0.54） and the induction of adverse events （RR = 1.41, 95%CI： 0.99-2.02, P = 0.06）.CONCLUSIONCurrently, there is not enough evidence to support use of thalidomide or its analogue for the treatment in patients of any age with IBD. However, it warrants a reanalysis when more data become available.
文摘Though symptoms of allergic diseases can be reduced by the use of drugs such as corticosteroids, antihista-mines or leukotrien antagonists, the only treatment di-rected to change the natural course of allergic disease is allergen-specific immunotherapy （SIT）. Its efficacy can last years after the cessassion of the treatment. SIT brings on regulatory T cells with the capacity to generate interleukin-10 and transforming growth fac-tor-b, restricts activation of mast cells and basophils, and shifts antibody isotype from IgE to the noninfam-matory type immunoglobulin G4. Subcutaneous （SCIT） and sublingual （SLIT） immunotherapy are the two most used ways at the present for applying SIT. These two treatments were demonstrated to be effective on re-ducing symptoms and medication use, in prevention of new sensitizations and in protecting from progression of rhinitis to asthma. The safety of SLIT appears to be better than SCIT although there have been a few head to head comparisons. In order to overcome compliance problems or possible systemic side effects which may be faced during this long-term treatment, recent inves-tigations have been focused on the implementation of allergens in quite effcacious and safer ways.
文摘The hypothesis in drug clinical trials is that the drug is better than a placebo in patients suffering from a disease. The unstated assumption is that the drug cures the disease or is a powerful treatment for the disease. This is an incorrect assumption. Drugs do not cure or treat diseases. The body heals itself; drugs promote this ability of the body to heal itself. Placebos are assumed to be inactive; however, placebos can also promote the ability of the body to heal itself. Placebos are actually treatments that can stimulate endogenous healing mechanisms. The possible place of placebos in health management is controversial. Clinical trial design should be altered. The hypothesis of clinical trials should be that the drug speeds up or improves the healing of the patient, putting patient healing as the first objective. Placebos should not be used as controls but could be tested as drugs in their own right. The control in clinical trials should be no treatment. Alternatively, new drugs could be compared to existing drugs in clinical trials.
文摘Evaluation for human body whitening effcacy of cosmetics with extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing as main effective constituent was conducted. Thirty female volunteers with age between 20 and 45 years old were kindly invited to use the cosmetic product on the inner side of their crank arm for a testing period of 8 weeks continuously. Values of MI, L＊ and ITA° of the skin were measured and the results display signifcant difference （ P〈0. 05） before and after the 8 weeks testing period. Duncan multiple comparisons showed that the whitening effcacy of cosmetic product formulated with the extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing is signifcantly greater than that of the formulation matrix and equivalent with that of ascorbyl ethyl ether. Via the data collection and statistical analysis, this method can directly refect the whitening effect of active additives in cosmetics, and it is suitable for the evaluation of the whitening effcacy of cosmetics with additives.
基金supported in part by Poland Fundacja SiepomagaJS Foundation (Hong Kong)+1 种基金Shenzhen Li Weibo Charity FoundationTaiwan Rare Disease Foundation。
文摘Metachromatic leukodystrophy(MLD)is an inherited disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme arylsulfatase A(ARSA).Lentivirus-modified autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy(HSCGT)has recently been approved for clinical use in pre and early symptomatic children with MLD to increase ARSA activity.Unfortunately,this advanced therapy is not available for most patients with MLD who have progressed to more advanced symptomatic stages at diagnosis.Patients with late-onset juvenile MLD typically present with a slower neurological progression of symptoms and represent a significant burden to the economy and healthcare system,whereas those with early onset infantile MLD die within a few years of symptom onset.We conducted a pilot study to determine the safety and benefit of HSCGT in patients with postsymptomatic juvenile MLD and report preliminary results.The safety profile of HSCGT was favorable in this long-term follow-up over 9 years.The most common adverse events(AEs)within 2 months of HSCGT were related to busulfan conditioning,and all AEs resolved.No HSCGT-related AEs and no evidence of distorted hematopoietic differentiation during long-term follow-up for up to 9.6 years.Importantly,to date,patients have maintained remarkably improved ARSA activity with a stable disease state,including increased Functional Independence Measure(FIM)score and decreased magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)lesion score.This long-term follow-up pilot study suggests that HSCGT is safe and provides clinical benefit to patients with postsymptomatic juvenile MLD.
