Ed.D.是专业式教育博士(Professional Doctorate in Education)的缩写,是教育领域中的一种高级专业学位,旨在培养教育领域"研究型的专业人员"。该学位兼具实践性和高水平理论运用的两大特征,这两大特征要求教育博士的培养目...Ed.D.是专业式教育博士(Professional Doctorate in Education)的缩写,是教育领域中的一种高级专业学位,旨在培养教育领域"研究型的专业人员"。该学位兼具实践性和高水平理论运用的两大特征,这两大特征要求教育博士的培养目标必须以实务为基本取向,努力培养学生丰富的理论底蕴、广阔的实践视野、独立的研究能力和扎实的专业技能。为保证这一目标的达成,教育博士的培养制度需要具备一定的灵活性,课程设置必须以实践问题为中心,开展有价值的"问题研讨课程",同时采用互动、参与的教学方式,充分调动学生的积极性,发挥学生的实践智慧。展开更多
The universal phenomenon of internationalization as mainstream of higher education is often based on the assumption that there is value added to the quality of higher education systems when enhancing the international...The universal phenomenon of internationalization as mainstream of higher education is often based on the assumption that there is value added to the quality of higher education systems when enhancing the international dimension of teaching,research and service(Knight,1997).Questioning the validity of the assumption,this study examined the relationship between internationalization and quality of Professional Doctorate in Education(Ed.D.)of U.S.A.Using the pre-existing data provided in the process of the course of“Comparative Education Research”instructed by Ms.Song,the study conducted the discussion and analysis from the perspective of diverse learners(Normore&Cook,2009)of doctoral students in terms of the factors included mentorship interaction,curriculums,participation,financial support and expectations,skills and quality.The results showed that the variables in internationalization were strongly related with the indicators of quality in Ed.D.education on the following extends:research and methodology capability,application and solution to problem,access of resources,management,creation and innovation,completion rates and publications.展开更多
We found the qualitative study by Xu et al.on how patients feel about laparoscopic incisions under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols to be very interesting.1 Xu et al.carried out a qualitative study on pa...We found the qualitative study by Xu et al.on how patients feel about laparoscopic incisions under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols to be very interesting.1 Xu et al.carried out a qualitative study on patient experience with laparoscopic incisions under an ERAS protocol to highlight the problem of psychosocial and aesthetic concerns,which are often overlooked when planning surgical operations.This study,which involved semistructured interviews with sixteen people,aimed to narrow perioperative education and the decision-making process for incision site selection,thus making the processes more focused on patient priorities.The study is based on a timely but under-researched subject area;however,it is possible to outline four possible areas of improvement that would allow the study to be more transparent and,at the same time,more applicable to clinical practice.展开更多
高精度且鲁棒的预测模型建立高度依赖于样本数据的大小、多样性和分布;日益积累的文献数据为获得大量的多样性样本数据提供了可能。以SLM-ed IN 718合金的相对密度(RD)为研究对象,针对从文献中挖掘的激光功率P、扫描速度V、扫描间距HS...高精度且鲁棒的预测模型建立高度依赖于样本数据的大小、多样性和分布;日益积累的文献数据为获得大量的多样性样本数据提供了可能。以SLM-ed IN 718合金的相对密度(RD)为研究对象,针对从文献中挖掘的激光功率P、扫描速度V、扫描间距HS和铺粉厚度LT与RD样本数据存在缺失参数和分布不均问题,采用最大期望化(EM)算法对缺失参数进行补齐;采用带有梯度惩罚的WGAN算法(WGAN-GP)对数据稀疏的低RD区间生成虚拟样本数据。然后,分别基于补齐文献数据和补充虚拟数据,采用常青藤算法优化的随机森林(IVYA-RF)构建了RD预测模型,并对模型预测精度进行了定量评估和实验验证。结果表明:基于补充虚拟数据集构建的IVYA-RF模型II比基于补齐文献数据集构建的IVYA-RF模型I具有更好的预测精度,其原因主要来源于在低RD区间生成虚拟数据后,使建模样本数据的分布均匀性得到改善,这也是数据增强与机器学习相结合的意义所在。对新实验数据的验证取得了满意的预测精度,其中,IVYA-RF模型I验证结果的统计学参数R2(决定系数)、RMSE(均方根误差)、MAE(平均绝对误差)和MRE(平均相对误差)分别达到了0.891、1.352%、0.915%和0.98%;IVYA-RF模型II验证结果的R2增大至0.956,RMSE、MAE和MRE分别减小至0.833%、0.687%和0.71%,同样显示出后者比前者具有更好的预测精度。实验验证结果表明,所构建的RD预测模型具有较好的鲁棒性,从而具备了较好的工程应用价值。展开更多
The economic dispatch problem(EDP) of microgrids operating in both grid-connected and isolated modes within an energy internet framework is addressed in this paper. The multi-agent leader-following consensus algorithm...The economic dispatch problem(EDP) of microgrids operating in both grid-connected and isolated modes within an energy internet framework is addressed in this paper. The multi-agent leader-following consensus algorithm is employed to address the EDP of microgrids in grid-connected mode, while the push-pull algorithm with a fixed step size is introduced for the isolated mode. The proposed algorithm of isolated mode is proven to converge to the optimum when the interaction digraph of microgrids is strongly connected. A unified algorithmic framework is proposed to handle the two modes of operation of microgrids simultaneously, enabling our algorithm to achieve optimal power allocation and maintain the balance between power supply and demand in any mode and any mode switching. Due to the push-pull structure of the algorithm and the use of fixed step size,the proposed algorithm can better handle the case of unbalanced graphs, and the convergence speed is improved. It is documented that when the transmission topology is strongly connected and there is bi-directional communication between the energy router and its neighbors, the proposed algorithm in composite mode achieves economic dispatch even with arbitrary mode switching.Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our algorithm through numerical simulations.展开更多
Sepsis management has significantly improved over the past decades,with intensivists playing a pivotal role in its identification and treatment.[1,2]However,resource constraints in large tertiary hospitals in China li...Sepsis management has significantly improved over the past decades,with intensivists playing a pivotal role in its identification and treatment.[1,2]However,resource constraints in large tertiary hospitals in China limit patient admissions,leading to overcrowding in the emergency departments(EDs)with critically ill patients.[3]This highlights the urgent need for enhanced risk stratification and optimized sepsis management in emergency settings.展开更多
文摘Ed.D.是专业式教育博士(Professional Doctorate in Education)的缩写,是教育领域中的一种高级专业学位,旨在培养教育领域"研究型的专业人员"。该学位兼具实践性和高水平理论运用的两大特征,这两大特征要求教育博士的培养目标必须以实务为基本取向,努力培养学生丰富的理论底蕴、广阔的实践视野、独立的研究能力和扎实的专业技能。为保证这一目标的达成,教育博士的培养制度需要具备一定的灵活性,课程设置必须以实践问题为中心,开展有价值的"问题研讨课程",同时采用互动、参与的教学方式,充分调动学生的积极性,发挥学生的实践智慧。
文摘The universal phenomenon of internationalization as mainstream of higher education is often based on the assumption that there is value added to the quality of higher education systems when enhancing the international dimension of teaching,research and service(Knight,1997).Questioning the validity of the assumption,this study examined the relationship between internationalization and quality of Professional Doctorate in Education(Ed.D.)of U.S.A.Using the pre-existing data provided in the process of the course of“Comparative Education Research”instructed by Ms.Song,the study conducted the discussion and analysis from the perspective of diverse learners(Normore&Cook,2009)of doctoral students in terms of the factors included mentorship interaction,curriculums,participation,financial support and expectations,skills and quality.The results showed that the variables in internationalization were strongly related with the indicators of quality in Ed.D.education on the following extends:research and methodology capability,application and solution to problem,access of resources,management,creation and innovation,completion rates and publications.
文摘We found the qualitative study by Xu et al.on how patients feel about laparoscopic incisions under enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)protocols to be very interesting.1 Xu et al.carried out a qualitative study on patient experience with laparoscopic incisions under an ERAS protocol to highlight the problem of psychosocial and aesthetic concerns,which are often overlooked when planning surgical operations.This study,which involved semistructured interviews with sixteen people,aimed to narrow perioperative education and the decision-making process for incision site selection,thus making the processes more focused on patient priorities.The study is based on a timely but under-researched subject area;however,it is possible to outline four possible areas of improvement that would allow the study to be more transparent and,at the same time,more applicable to clinical practice.
文摘高精度且鲁棒的预测模型建立高度依赖于样本数据的大小、多样性和分布;日益积累的文献数据为获得大量的多样性样本数据提供了可能。以SLM-ed IN 718合金的相对密度(RD)为研究对象,针对从文献中挖掘的激光功率P、扫描速度V、扫描间距HS和铺粉厚度LT与RD样本数据存在缺失参数和分布不均问题,采用最大期望化(EM)算法对缺失参数进行补齐;采用带有梯度惩罚的WGAN算法(WGAN-GP)对数据稀疏的低RD区间生成虚拟样本数据。然后,分别基于补齐文献数据和补充虚拟数据,采用常青藤算法优化的随机森林(IVYA-RF)构建了RD预测模型,并对模型预测精度进行了定量评估和实验验证。结果表明:基于补充虚拟数据集构建的IVYA-RF模型II比基于补齐文献数据集构建的IVYA-RF模型I具有更好的预测精度,其原因主要来源于在低RD区间生成虚拟数据后,使建模样本数据的分布均匀性得到改善,这也是数据增强与机器学习相结合的意义所在。对新实验数据的验证取得了满意的预测精度,其中,IVYA-RF模型I验证结果的统计学参数R2(决定系数)、RMSE(均方根误差)、MAE(平均绝对误差)和MRE(平均相对误差)分别达到了0.891、1.352%、0.915%和0.98%;IVYA-RF模型II验证结果的R2增大至0.956,RMSE、MAE和MRE分别减小至0.833%、0.687%和0.71%,同样显示出后者比前者具有更好的预测精度。实验验证结果表明,所构建的RD预测模型具有较好的鲁棒性,从而具备了较好的工程应用价值。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62103203)
文摘The economic dispatch problem(EDP) of microgrids operating in both grid-connected and isolated modes within an energy internet framework is addressed in this paper. The multi-agent leader-following consensus algorithm is employed to address the EDP of microgrids in grid-connected mode, while the push-pull algorithm with a fixed step size is introduced for the isolated mode. The proposed algorithm of isolated mode is proven to converge to the optimum when the interaction digraph of microgrids is strongly connected. A unified algorithmic framework is proposed to handle the two modes of operation of microgrids simultaneously, enabling our algorithm to achieve optimal power allocation and maintain the balance between power supply and demand in any mode and any mode switching. Due to the push-pull structure of the algorithm and the use of fixed step size,the proposed algorithm can better handle the case of unbalanced graphs, and the convergence speed is improved. It is documented that when the transmission topology is strongly connected and there is bi-directional communication between the energy router and its neighbors, the proposed algorithm in composite mode achieves economic dispatch even with arbitrary mode switching.Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of our algorithm through numerical simulations.
基金supported by grants from the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2021-I2M-1-062,to BD).
文摘Sepsis management has significantly improved over the past decades,with intensivists playing a pivotal role in its identification and treatment.[1,2]However,resource constraints in large tertiary hospitals in China limit patient admissions,leading to overcrowding in the emergency departments(EDs)with critically ill patients.[3]This highlights the urgent need for enhanced risk stratification and optimized sepsis management in emergency settings.
