The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),also known as the Third Pole of the Earth,is a vital ecological security barrier for China.It is a tremendously sensitive region affected by the impacts of global climate change.The esca...The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),also known as the Third Pole of the Earth,is a vital ecological security barrier for China.It is a tremendously sensitive region affected by the impacts of global climate change.The escalating intensity of climate change has presented profound challenges to its ecosystem functions and stability.This study first analyzes the spatiotemporal variations of the QTP ecosystem patterns and the key functions of the Plateau including water conservation,soil conservation,and windbreak and sand fixation from 2000 to 2020.It clarifies the regional differences in ecosystem functions and their importance,further evaluates the stability of ecosystem functions,and lays a scientific foundation for an ecological civilization on the Plateau by implementing conservation and restoration projects.The main results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2020,the wetland area in the QTP increased,while the grassland area significantly decreased.There were improvements in water conservation and windbreak and sand fixation capacities,with annual rates of change being 3.57m~3·ha^(-1)·a^(-1)and 0.23 t·ha^(-1)·a^(-1),respectively.However,the overall soil conservation trend declined during the same period,with an annual change rate of-0.16 t·ha^(-1)·a^(-1).(2)The core areas of water conservation,soil conservation,and windbreak and sand fixation on the QTP accounted for 12.7%,13.9%,and 14.2%of the total area,respectively.The core water conservation areas are mainly the southeastern QTP,Sanjiangyuan,and Naqu,while the core windbreak and sand fixation areas were concentrated in the central and western parts of the Plateau.The core soil conservation areas surrounded the entire interior of the Plateau.(3)From 2000 to 2020,the water conservation,soil conservation,and windbreak sand-fixation function on the QTP had higher stability in the southeastern and central parts,while stability was lower in the western region.Considering the stability assessment and ecological protection and restoration practices,the QTP can be divided into three major categories and 16 ecological functional zones.Differentiated ecological protection and restoration efforts can be implemented based on the different core ecosystem functions and zoning.展开更多
The global carbon cycle is one of the most important biogeochemical cycles. Through photosynthesis, green plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere to produce organic matters,
Background In resource-based cities,long-term irrational exploitation of resources has caused severe damage to ecosystem functions,mainly manifested in the signifcant decline of biodiversity,land degradation,water pol...Background In resource-based cities,long-term irrational exploitation of resources has caused severe damage to ecosystem functions,mainly manifested in the signifcant decline of biodiversity,land degradation,water pollution,and the deterioration of air quality.This has led to a signifcant decline in the cities’sustainable development capabilities.Establishing and optimizing an ecological spatial network(ESN)can promote the efective transmission of material energy and enhance the ecosystem functions,which holds fundamental importance in ensuring the ecological integrity of the region and promoting sustainable urban development.In this study,by combining the ecological environment with the landscape to determine the ecological sources,we constructed the ESN of Shenmu City,a mining city,based on the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and conducted a correlation analysis between the topological structure of the ESN and the signifcance of ecosystem functions.Then,the optimization strategy scheme based on ecosystem functions was proposed.Finally,robustness was used to determine the efect before and after optimization.Results The results showed that the high-value ecosystem service areas in Shenmu City were predominantly located in the central and western parts,with the highest value in the southeast.There was a strong correlation between the importance of ecosystem functions and the degree and feature vector of ecological nodes.Conclusions The ESN can be optimized efectively by adding stepping stone nodes and new corridors.Through the robustness of the optimized ESN,we found that the optimized network has more robust connectivity and stability and can show better recovery ability after ecological function damage.This research presents an efective method for the construction and optimization of the ESN in the mining area and provides a theoretical basis for realizing the sustainability of the mining economy,regional development,and ecological protection in Shenmu City.展开更多
基金The Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research Program,No.2019QZKK0404。
文摘The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP),also known as the Third Pole of the Earth,is a vital ecological security barrier for China.It is a tremendously sensitive region affected by the impacts of global climate change.The escalating intensity of climate change has presented profound challenges to its ecosystem functions and stability.This study first analyzes the spatiotemporal variations of the QTP ecosystem patterns and the key functions of the Plateau including water conservation,soil conservation,and windbreak and sand fixation from 2000 to 2020.It clarifies the regional differences in ecosystem functions and their importance,further evaluates the stability of ecosystem functions,and lays a scientific foundation for an ecological civilization on the Plateau by implementing conservation and restoration projects.The main results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2020,the wetland area in the QTP increased,while the grassland area significantly decreased.There were improvements in water conservation and windbreak and sand fixation capacities,with annual rates of change being 3.57m~3·ha^(-1)·a^(-1)and 0.23 t·ha^(-1)·a^(-1),respectively.However,the overall soil conservation trend declined during the same period,with an annual change rate of-0.16 t·ha^(-1)·a^(-1).(2)The core areas of water conservation,soil conservation,and windbreak and sand fixation on the QTP accounted for 12.7%,13.9%,and 14.2%of the total area,respectively.The core water conservation areas are mainly the southeastern QTP,Sanjiangyuan,and Naqu,while the core windbreak and sand fixation areas were concentrated in the central and western parts of the Plateau.The core soil conservation areas surrounded the entire interior of the Plateau.(3)From 2000 to 2020,the water conservation,soil conservation,and windbreak sand-fixation function on the QTP had higher stability in the southeastern and central parts,while stability was lower in the western region.Considering the stability assessment and ecological protection and restoration practices,the QTP can be divided into three major categories and 16 ecological functional zones.Differentiated ecological protection and restoration efforts can be implemented based on the different core ecosystem functions and zoning.
文摘The global carbon cycle is one of the most important biogeochemical cycles. Through photosynthesis, green plants absorb CO2 from the atmosphere to produce organic matters,
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0127700)the 5·5 Engineering Research&Innovation Team Project of Beijing Forestry University(No.BLRC2023B06).
文摘Background In resource-based cities,long-term irrational exploitation of resources has caused severe damage to ecosystem functions,mainly manifested in the signifcant decline of biodiversity,land degradation,water pollution,and the deterioration of air quality.This has led to a signifcant decline in the cities’sustainable development capabilities.Establishing and optimizing an ecological spatial network(ESN)can promote the efective transmission of material energy and enhance the ecosystem functions,which holds fundamental importance in ensuring the ecological integrity of the region and promoting sustainable urban development.In this study,by combining the ecological environment with the landscape to determine the ecological sources,we constructed the ESN of Shenmu City,a mining city,based on the minimum cumulative resistance(MCR)model,and conducted a correlation analysis between the topological structure of the ESN and the signifcance of ecosystem functions.Then,the optimization strategy scheme based on ecosystem functions was proposed.Finally,robustness was used to determine the efect before and after optimization.Results The results showed that the high-value ecosystem service areas in Shenmu City were predominantly located in the central and western parts,with the highest value in the southeast.There was a strong correlation between the importance of ecosystem functions and the degree and feature vector of ecological nodes.Conclusions The ESN can be optimized efectively by adding stepping stone nodes and new corridors.Through the robustness of the optimized ESN,we found that the optimized network has more robust connectivity and stability and can show better recovery ability after ecological function damage.This research presents an efective method for the construction and optimization of the ESN in the mining area and provides a theoretical basis for realizing the sustainability of the mining economy,regional development,and ecological protection in Shenmu City.
