The Jimo coast encompasses an area of 2157 km^2, and the ecosystem is valuable both socially and economically with regional fisheries substantially contributing to the value. A mass-balanced trophic model consisting o...The Jimo coast encompasses an area of 2157 km^2, and the ecosystem is valuable both socially and economically with regional fisheries substantially contributing to the value. A mass-balanced trophic model consisting of 15 functional ecological groups was developed for the coastal ecosystem using the Ecopath model in Ecopath with Ecosim(Ew E) software(version 6.4.3). The results of the model simulations indicated that the trophic levels of the functional groups varied between 1.0 and 3.76, and the total production of the system was estimated to be 5112.733 t km^(-2) yr^(-1) with a total energy transfer efficiency of 17.6%. The proportion of the total flow originating from detritus was estimated to be 48%, whereas that from primary producers was 52%, indicating that the grazing food chain dominated the energy flow. The ratio of total primary productivity to total respiration in the system was 3.78, and the connectivity index was 0.4. The fin cycling index and the mean path length of the energy flow were 4.92% and 2.57%, respectively, which indicated that the ecosystem exhibits relatively low maturity and stability. The mixed trophic impact(MTI) procedure suggested that the ecological groups at lower trophic levels dominated the feeding dynamics in the Jimo coastal ecosystem. Overfishing is thought to be the primary reason for the degeneration of the Jimo coastal ecosystem, resulting in a decline in the abundance of pelagic and demersal fish species and a subsequent shift to the predominance of lower-trophic-level functional groups. Finally, we offered some recommendations for improving current fishery management practices.展开更多
Ecopath model is an important evaluation model in the field of ecological research.At present,Ecopath model is mainly applied in the structure of food web,material circulation and energy flow,environmental capacity an...Ecopath model is an important evaluation model in the field of ecological research.At present,Ecopath model is mainly applied in the structure of food web,material circulation and energy flow,environmental capacity and so on.The Ecopath models in ocean,lake and reservoir ecosystems were reviewed,including the ecological nutrient conversion efficiency(EE),ecosystem characteristic index(CI),Niche Overlap and energy flow characteristics of trophic level.The practical significance of Ecopath model in marine ecosystem evaluation and application is expounded by comparing and analyzing the literature data,which provides the technical support for the scientific management of inland ecosystem in the future.展开更多
为探讨莱州湾生态系统年代际变化,基于莱州湾1980年代(1980s)和2020年代(2020s)相关数据,应用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)软件,分别构建莱州湾1980s和2020s的Ecopath模型,对比莱州湾生态系统年代际的结构和功能差异。结果显示,两个年代莱...为探讨莱州湾生态系统年代际变化,基于莱州湾1980年代(1980s)和2020年代(2020s)相关数据,应用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)软件,分别构建莱州湾1980s和2020s的Ecopath模型,对比莱州湾生态系统年代际的结构和功能差异。结果显示,两个年代莱州湾生态系统均存在牧食食物链和碎屑食物链两种能量传递途径,能量流动主要集中在低营养级,能量流动规律符合金字塔逐级递减规律;与1980s相比,2020s莱州湾生态系统功能组营养级下降,生物量减少;2020s莱州湾流向碎屑量和系统总流量降低,资源再循环效率提高,总初级生产量/总呼吸量和系统净生产量降低,Finn’s循环指数和Finn’s平均路径长度增大,连接指数增大。研究表明,2020s莱州湾生态系统规模比1980s有所下降,生态系统的稳定性有所提高。展开更多
定量化评估航道工程建设期的生态环境影响,对于后续生态修复措施制定具有重要意义。本研究根据2022年及2024年生态调查数据,采用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.7.0软件构建了包含15个功能组在内的宿连航道(京杭运河至盐河段)整治工程二期工程...定量化评估航道工程建设期的生态环境影响,对于后续生态修复措施制定具有重要意义。本研究根据2022年及2024年生态调查数据,采用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.7.0软件构建了包含15个功能组在内的宿连航道(京杭运河至盐河段)整治工程二期工程连云港段施工前、施工期Ecopath模型,模拟不同时间点生态系统内部能流过程,分析生态系统总体特征、成熟度和稳定性,确定关键功能组。结果显示,该段航道生态系统主要有5个整合营养级,最高营养级均为鲌类,生物量、流量分布呈典型的金字塔形。施工期生态系统总规模减至施工前的60.96%,施工期总能量传递效率略有增加,航道生态系统成熟度和稳定性有所降低,工程建设对水生生态系统造成了一定影响。生态系统关键功能组为鲌类、其他底栖动物、浮游植物,后期可通过增殖放流鱼类和底栖生物以及控制外源营养盐输入,促进航道生态系统稳定性恢复。展开更多
基于2014-2016年青岛崂山湾人工鱼礁区的生物资源调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)软件构建崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统生态通道模型(Ecopath),系统分析了崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统的能量流动规律和结构特征,估算了栉孔扇贝的养殖...基于2014-2016年青岛崂山湾人工鱼礁区的生物资源调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)软件构建崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统生态通道模型(Ecopath),系统分析了崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统的能量流动规律和结构特征,估算了栉孔扇贝的养殖容量。该模型由17个功能组组成,基本涵盖了崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统能量流动的主要过程。生态网络分析表明,生态系统各功能组的营养级范围为1.0-4.255,星康吉鳗占据了营养级的最高层。能量流动主要有5级,各营养级平均能量传递效率为10.8%,其中来自初级生产者的能量效率为9.8%,来自碎屑的传递效率为10.9%;系统总流量为14256.510 t km^-2 a^-1,其中68%的能量来自碎屑供给;系统的总初级生产量/总呼吸量为1.127,系统联结指数为0.293,杂食指数为0.333,表明崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统成熟度较高,食物网结构较复杂,系统内部稳定性较高。关键种指数分析结果显示,许氏平鲉具有较高的关键指数和相对总影响,表明其可能在当前生态系统中扮演重要的生态角色。吊笼养殖栉孔扇贝生态容纳量为189.679 t/km^2,在维持生态系统平衡和稳定的前提下,当前现存量最大可增加18.55%。展开更多
为了解象山港生态系统在环境和捕捞等多重因素胁迫下的结构和功能现状,实现象山港基于生态系统的渔业管理和生态承载力评价,本研究根据2011~2014年在象山港开展的渔业资源和生态环境定点调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.4软件构建...为了解象山港生态系统在环境和捕捞等多重因素胁迫下的结构和功能现状,实现象山港基于生态系统的渔业管理和生态承载力评价,本研究根据2011~2014年在象山港开展的渔业资源和生态环境定点调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.4软件构建了象山港生态系统的Ecopath模型,并通过模型系统分析了象山港生态系统食物网结构、能量流动和系统功能的总体特征。模型包含了浮游植物、大型海藻、浮游动物、游泳动物等25个功能组,大体涵盖了象山港生态系统能量流动的整个过程。研究结果表明,象山港生态系统表达能流路径的食物链主要有两条,分别为牧食食物链和碎屑食物链,其中以牧食食物链为主要能流通道。系统中各功能组的营养级在1.00~3.62级。系统总能流为2 210 t·km-2·a-1,主要分布在Ⅰ~Ⅳ营养级上。流量中来自碎屑的比例为38%,初级生产者是系统能量的主要来源。营养级Ⅰ和Ⅱ的利用效率较低,大量初级生产力和次级生产力未能流入更高的营养层次。系统的总能量转换效率为3.8%;总初级生产量/总呼吸量（TPP/TR）为1.52;系统连接指数（CI）为0.342;系统杂食性指数（SOI）为0.182。生态系统总体特征反映了象山港生态系统的营养关系较简单,食物网复杂程度低;系统成熟度和稳定性偏低,抵抗外界干扰的能力较弱。展开更多
根据2008—2009年太湖湖区水生生物调查的结果及主要水生动物摄食生态学已发表资料,应用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.1软件构建了太湖生态系统的食物网模型,初步分析了太湖生态系统功能与结构特征.模型由初级生产者、主要鱼类及无脊椎动物和...根据2008—2009年太湖湖区水生生物调查的结果及主要水生动物摄食生态学已发表资料,应用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.1软件构建了太湖生态系统的食物网模型,初步分析了太湖生态系统功能与结构特征.模型由初级生产者、主要鱼类及无脊椎动物和有机碎屑等20个功能组组成.结果表明:太湖生态系统的能流主要分布在4个营养级上,顶级捕食者鲌鱼营养级最高.食物网存在两条主要的营养传递途径,即碎屑食物链和牧食食物链,且碎屑食物链占比较大;营养级I的利用效率低下,大量初级生产力未能流入更高的营养层次,造成生态系统下层的营养流动"阻塞".对系统总体特征分析发现,反映系统成熟度的指标,包括较高的净初级生产力(NPP)和净初级生产力/呼吸(NPP/R),以及较低的连接指数(CI)、系统杂食指数(SOI)和Finn循环指数(FCI)等,都揭示了太湖"幼态化"的生态系统现状;混合营养分析和关键种筛选结果显示,高强度的渔业捕捞活动对系统负影响显著,而顶级捕食者的下行效应显著下降.展开更多
基金the financial support provided by the National Social Science Foundation (Grant No.12JJD790032)the Project of the Chinese Ministry of Education (Grant No.13JJD790032)
文摘The Jimo coast encompasses an area of 2157 km^2, and the ecosystem is valuable both socially and economically with regional fisheries substantially contributing to the value. A mass-balanced trophic model consisting of 15 functional ecological groups was developed for the coastal ecosystem using the Ecopath model in Ecopath with Ecosim(Ew E) software(version 6.4.3). The results of the model simulations indicated that the trophic levels of the functional groups varied between 1.0 and 3.76, and the total production of the system was estimated to be 5112.733 t km^(-2) yr^(-1) with a total energy transfer efficiency of 17.6%. The proportion of the total flow originating from detritus was estimated to be 48%, whereas that from primary producers was 52%, indicating that the grazing food chain dominated the energy flow. The ratio of total primary productivity to total respiration in the system was 3.78, and the connectivity index was 0.4. The fin cycling index and the mean path length of the energy flow were 4.92% and 2.57%, respectively, which indicated that the ecosystem exhibits relatively low maturity and stability. The mixed trophic impact(MTI) procedure suggested that the ecological groups at lower trophic levels dominated the feeding dynamics in the Jimo coastal ecosystem. Overfishing is thought to be the primary reason for the degeneration of the Jimo coastal ecosystem, resulting in a decline in the abundance of pelagic and demersal fish species and a subsequent shift to the predominance of lower-trophic-level functional groups. Finally, we offered some recommendations for improving current fishery management practices.
基金supported by the National large-scale freshwater fish industry technology system(CARS-45)Tianjin Freshwater Aquaculture Industry Technology System Innovation Team+2 种基金Tianjin Science and Technology Program(16zzync00100)Tianjin Science and Technology Program(18ZXZYNC00150)the Opening Foundation of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria(2019-04).
文摘Ecopath model is an important evaluation model in the field of ecological research.At present,Ecopath model is mainly applied in the structure of food web,material circulation and energy flow,environmental capacity and so on.The Ecopath models in ocean,lake and reservoir ecosystems were reviewed,including the ecological nutrient conversion efficiency(EE),ecosystem characteristic index(CI),Niche Overlap and energy flow characteristics of trophic level.The practical significance of Ecopath model in marine ecosystem evaluation and application is expounded by comparing and analyzing the literature data,which provides the technical support for the scientific management of inland ecosystem in the future.
文摘为探讨莱州湾生态系统年代际变化,基于莱州湾1980年代(1980s)和2020年代(2020s)相关数据,应用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)软件,分别构建莱州湾1980s和2020s的Ecopath模型,对比莱州湾生态系统年代际的结构和功能差异。结果显示,两个年代莱州湾生态系统均存在牧食食物链和碎屑食物链两种能量传递途径,能量流动主要集中在低营养级,能量流动规律符合金字塔逐级递减规律;与1980s相比,2020s莱州湾生态系统功能组营养级下降,生物量减少;2020s莱州湾流向碎屑量和系统总流量降低,资源再循环效率提高,总初级生产量/总呼吸量和系统净生产量降低,Finn’s循环指数和Finn’s平均路径长度增大,连接指数增大。研究表明,2020s莱州湾生态系统规模比1980s有所下降,生态系统的稳定性有所提高。
文摘定量化评估航道工程建设期的生态环境影响,对于后续生态修复措施制定具有重要意义。本研究根据2022年及2024年生态调查数据,采用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.7.0软件构建了包含15个功能组在内的宿连航道(京杭运河至盐河段)整治工程二期工程连云港段施工前、施工期Ecopath模型,模拟不同时间点生态系统内部能流过程,分析生态系统总体特征、成熟度和稳定性,确定关键功能组。结果显示,该段航道生态系统主要有5个整合营养级,最高营养级均为鲌类,生物量、流量分布呈典型的金字塔形。施工期生态系统总规模减至施工前的60.96%,施工期总能量传递效率略有增加,航道生态系统成熟度和稳定性有所降低,工程建设对水生生态系统造成了一定影响。生态系统关键功能组为鲌类、其他底栖动物、浮游植物,后期可通过增殖放流鱼类和底栖生物以及控制外源营养盐输入,促进航道生态系统稳定性恢复。
文摘基于2014-2016年青岛崂山湾人工鱼礁区的生物资源调查数据,利用Ecopath with Ecosim(EwE)软件构建崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统生态通道模型(Ecopath),系统分析了崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统的能量流动规律和结构特征,估算了栉孔扇贝的养殖容量。该模型由17个功能组组成,基本涵盖了崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统能量流动的主要过程。生态网络分析表明,生态系统各功能组的营养级范围为1.0-4.255,星康吉鳗占据了营养级的最高层。能量流动主要有5级,各营养级平均能量传递效率为10.8%,其中来自初级生产者的能量效率为9.8%,来自碎屑的传递效率为10.9%;系统总流量为14256.510 t km^-2 a^-1,其中68%的能量来自碎屑供给;系统的总初级生产量/总呼吸量为1.127,系统联结指数为0.293,杂食指数为0.333,表明崂山湾人工鱼礁区生态系统成熟度较高,食物网结构较复杂,系统内部稳定性较高。关键种指数分析结果显示,许氏平鲉具有较高的关键指数和相对总影响,表明其可能在当前生态系统中扮演重要的生态角色。吊笼养殖栉孔扇贝生态容纳量为189.679 t/km^2,在维持生态系统平衡和稳定的前提下,当前现存量最大可增加18.55%。
文摘根据2008—2009年太湖湖区水生生物调查的结果及主要水生动物摄食生态学已发表资料,应用Ecopath with Ecosim 6.1软件构建了太湖生态系统的食物网模型,初步分析了太湖生态系统功能与结构特征.模型由初级生产者、主要鱼类及无脊椎动物和有机碎屑等20个功能组组成.结果表明:太湖生态系统的能流主要分布在4个营养级上,顶级捕食者鲌鱼营养级最高.食物网存在两条主要的营养传递途径,即碎屑食物链和牧食食物链,且碎屑食物链占比较大;营养级I的利用效率低下,大量初级生产力未能流入更高的营养层次,造成生态系统下层的营养流动"阻塞".对系统总体特征分析发现,反映系统成熟度的指标,包括较高的净初级生产力(NPP)和净初级生产力/呼吸(NPP/R),以及较低的连接指数(CI)、系统杂食指数(SOI)和Finn循环指数(FCI)等,都揭示了太湖"幼态化"的生态系统现状;混合营养分析和关键种筛选结果显示,高强度的渔业捕捞活动对系统负影响显著,而顶级捕食者的下行效应显著下降.
